JP2005219019A - Waste treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste treatment method capable of improving the volume reduction of waste by adequately separating and removing the soil adhering to the waste. <P>SOLUTION: The waste including plastics or rubbers hoisted from underneath an earth cover at a final processing place is stirred with quicklime, an earth release agent, added, and is cured for some time. Then, the cured waste is loaded by a loading apparatus into a classifier, and the waste is classified according to its sizes into at least three types. After sorting/separating the waste of at least one type out of those classified wastes according to its specific gravity by a pneumatic sorting apparatus, the waste which is an object of the volume reduction among those classified/sorted and separated as a volume reduction object is subjected to the volume reduction processing. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing method such as sorting and volume reduction of waste buried in a waste disposal site such as a final disposal site.

  In recent years, with the increase in waste, there is a shortage of final disposal sites to bury them, and by removing the waste dumped in the disposal site from the disposal site and reducing the volume, the life of the final disposal site can be extended. It is becoming necessary to plan. Based on such a background, a method for reducing the volume of waste embedded in the final disposal site has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In this conventional method, waste buried in a waste disposal site is dug up and sorted by a sorter, and then the sorted plastic or rubber waste is dissolved.

JP 2000-51811 A

  In the above-mentioned prior art, the waste buried in the disposal site is dug up, and the pretreatment process for performing rough sorting with a bar screen or the like and the sorting process with a wind power sorter are performed, but in this pretreatment process, At the same time, work to separate the sediment adhering to the waste from the waste is being carried out.

  However, the waste buried in the disposal site is often pressed in the ground for many years, and the earth and sand are pressed against the waste and difficult to unravel. It is very difficult to sufficiently separate and remove the earth and sand that has been pressed onto the waste.

  Therefore, in the sorting process, there is an adverse effect that plastics and rubbers that are subject to volume reduction are not properly sorted as lightweight items, which reduces the efficiency in the subsequent volume reduction process, resulting in a waste disposal site. There was a problem of insufficient regeneration.

  The present invention has been made based on the above-described matters, and provides a waste processing method capable of sufficiently separating and removing the earth and sand pressed onto the waste to improve waste volume reduction. With the goal.

  (1) In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the waste processing method of the present invention excavates the waste buried in the final disposal site, classifies and sorts the excavated waste, and discards the volume to be reduced. In the waste processing method for reducing the volume of waste, before the waste that has been dug up is classified and sorted, a sediment remover is added to the waste and stirred, followed by curing.

  (2) Moreover, in order to achieve the said objective, the waste disposal method of this invention adds the earth and sand peeling material to the waste containing the plastics or rubber | gum pulled up from under the covering soil of the final disposal site. After stirring and curing for a while, the cured waste is put into a classification device by a charging device, and the classification device is used to classify the waste into at least three types according to the size of the classified waste. After sorting and separating at least one kind of waste by the specific gravity with a wind power sorter, among the wastes classified and sorted and separated, volume-reducing waste is reduced.

  (3) Moreover, in order to achieve the said objective, the waste processing method of this invention adds the earth and sand peeling material to the waste containing the plastics or rubber | gum pulled up from under the covering soil of the final disposal site. After stirring and curing for a while, this curing waste was provided with a sieving means in which a plurality of comb-tooth bodies formed in a comb-teeth shape were arranged in a step-like manner and supported to be vibrated by a charging device. A classifying device that classifies the waste into at least three types according to the size of the classifying device, and at least one of the classified wastes, a cylindrical member rotatably supported; An inlet provided on one side in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical member, and the cylindrical member so as to blow an air flow on waste that is generated by the air inlet and throws into the inlet and moves in the cylindrical member A blower provided on the other side in the longitudinal direction of The capturing means provided in the tubular member so as to capture the waste moving to the other side in the longitudinal direction of the tubular member, and the waste captured by the capturing means is scraped along with the rotation of the tubular member. A wind sorting device provided with a scraping means provided in the cylindrical member so as to raise, and after sorting and separating by the specific gravity, the waste to be reduced is reduced among the classified and sorted waste. Yong process.

  (4) Furthermore, preferably, the earth and sand peeling material is quicklime.

  According to the present invention, before the waste classification / sorting step, the earth and sand adhering to the waste is separated from the waste by adding and stirring the excavated waste to the excavated waste and stirring. It is easy. For this reason, it becomes possible to effectively remove earth and sand from the waste by vibration of the classification device during the classification process, and the classification accuracy of the waste can be improved. As a result, it becomes possible to improve the volume reduction processing efficiency of the waste and further extend the life of the final disposal site.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a waste treatment method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  This embodiment includes plastics (for example, so-called waste plastics, vinyls, sponges, etc.) and rubbers (for example, so-called rubber scraps, tires, parts of tubes, etc.). It is an embodiment when the present invention is applied to a stable final disposal site where waste is dumped and buried.

  FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing steps in an embodiment of the waste processing method of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the waste treatment process of the present waste treatment system includes an excavation process for excavating and excavating waste from a final disposal site, and selecting and removing iron scraps or stones from the excavated waste. Finished the pretreatment process, the earth and sand removal treatment process for separating the sediment adhering to the waste from which iron scraps or stones were selectively removed in this pretreatment process, and these pretreatment processes and the earth and sand removal treatment process. A classification process that classifies waste into three types, large, medium, and small, and a specific gravity sorting process that sorts and separates plastics or rubber from the waste classified as medium-sized waste in this classification process And a volume reduction step of compressing and reducing the plastics or rubbers in the waste sorted and separated in the classification step and the specific gravity sorting step.

  FIG. 2 is a top view showing the overall arrangement of a waste treatment system for carrying out an embodiment of the waste treatment method of the present invention. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a target final disposal site (or a partial area in the disposal site, the same applies hereinafter), 100 is a hydraulic excavator for excavation, and 200 is a hydraulic excavator for lifting equipped with a grapple for lifting waste. , 300 is a magnetic sorting hydraulic excavator equipped with a magnetic adsorption machine (lifting magnet), 400 has the same structure as the lifting hydraulic excavator 200, and is used to feed waste into a self-propelled classifier described later. A hydraulic excavator for loading with a grapple, 500 is a self-propelled classifier for classifying the waste introduced according to its size, 600 is a wind separator, and 700 has the same structure as the hydraulic excavators 200 and 400 described above. The waste classified by the self-propelled classification device 500 and the waste sorted by the wind power sorting device 600 are transported together to be described later. Transferring hydraulic excavator equipped with a grapple for turning the bale device 800 baling apparatus, 900 is a trailer equipped with the bale device 800. Hereinafter, the system configuration of the waste processing system having such a configuration and the detailed procedure of the waste processing method performed by the waste processing system will be described separately for each of the above-described steps.

(1) Excavation process FIG. 3 is a side view as seen in the direction of the arrow shown in a partial cross section viewed from the direction A in FIG. In FIG. 3, the final disposal site 1 includes a layer of a mixture of waste made of plastics, rubber, and the like (hereinafter referred to as waste 2) and a cover soil 3 (particularly covering the upper side of the waste 2). The uppermost layer exposed on the ground surface side may be referred to as topsoil) is buried so as to be alternately stacked.

  The excavating hydraulic excavator 100 is provided with a traveling body 101 provided with an endless track crawler belt 101a as traveling means, and on the upper part of the traveling body 101 so as to be able to turn 360 ° via a turning device (swivel wheel) 103. A revolving body 102 and an articulated front device 104 (a boom 104a, an arm 104b, and a bucket 104c) connected to the revolving body 102 so as to freely rotate are provided.

  Using the excavating hydraulic excavator 100 having such a configuration, the cover soil 3 embedded in the final disposal site 1 (in this case, the one exposed in the uppermost layer, also referred to as topsoil) is removed on the ground surface side. The exposed waste 2 is dug up by the bucket 104c and is easily lifted by the waste lifting excavator 200. In other words, waste buried in the final disposal site 1 is often in a state of being compacted for many years, so it is possible to lift the waste more reliably and smoothly by digging it before lifting. It becomes.

  In this example, the lifting excavator 200 is a so-called high cab type excavator. That is, a traveling body 201 provided with an endless track crawler 201a as traveling means, a revolving body 202 provided on the upper portion of the traveling body 201 via a revolving device (swivel wheel) 203 so as to be able to turn 360 °, and the turning An articulated front device 204 (a boom 204a, an arm 204b, and a grapple 204c) connected to the body 202 in a freely rotatable manner is provided. At this time, a driver's cab (cab) 205 provided in the swivel body 202 is mounted at a position higher than that of a normal hydraulic excavator via a driver's cab support 206, and an operator who has boarded the driver's cab 205 has a fairly wide area around Can be seen. The grapple 204c is known as this type of so-called attachment, and includes a plurality of claw-shaped gripping members 208 capable of gripping a gripping object, and these gripping members 208 are opened and closed by a hydraulic actuator (not shown). It is possible.

  Using the lifting excavator 200 having such a configuration, the waste 2 excavated by the excavating hydraulic excavator 100 is gripped and lifted by the grapple 204c, the swiveling body 202 is swung, and the iron plate 7 previously laid is spread. The waste is once stored in a predetermined position on the top of the floor to form a waste pile 8.

(2) Pre-processing step FIG. 4 is a side view as seen from the direction B in FIG. In FIG. 4, the magnetic excavator 300 for magnetic selection includes a traveling body 301 having an endless track crawler 301a as traveling means, a revolving body 302, a revolving device 303, a front device 304, a cab 305, and a cab support. A stand 306 is provided. The front device 304 includes a boom 304a and an arm 304b, and a magnetic force adsorber 304c that can adsorb iron scraps and the like using the magnetic force of a magnetic force generation unit (not shown).

  Using such a magnetic sorting hydraulic excavator 300, the iron scraps 9 and the like contained in the waste 2 pulled up and temporarily stored by the lifting excavator 200 are adsorbed and separated by a magnetic adsorption machine 304c. The swivel body 302 is swung and loaded as a pile 10 of scraps at a predetermined position outside the iron plate 7, for example (see FIG. 2). Thereby, it is possible to prevent problems such as clogging and catching due to long steel scraps such as reinforcing bars being input to the self-propelled classification device 500 in the subsequent classification step.

  The scrap is loaded on a dump truck or the like by a wheel loader (or a hydraulic excavator or the like) (not shown) and transferred to an appropriate place, for example, separately sold as a product for recycling or a semi-finished product, Alternatively, it is stably buried again in another area of the final disposal site 1 or another final disposal site.

(3) Sediment separation processing step FIG. 5 is a side view as seen from the direction C in FIG. 2 (however, a mountain 12 which will be described later is omitted for the purpose of preventing complications). In FIG. 5, the charging hydraulic excavator 400 is a hydraulic excavator having the same structure as the lifting hydraulic excavator 200 in this example, and is a traveling body 401 having an endless track crawler track 401a as traveling means. A swivel body 402, a swivel device 403, a front device 404 (a boom 404a, an arm 404b, and a grapple 404c) and a cab 405 are provided. The cab 405 is not a high cab type like the cab 205 of the lifting excavator 200, and is installed at a normal height. For convenience of introduction, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, it is disposed on the installation surface 6 that is one step higher than the self-propelled classification device 500 (see also FIG. 2).

  Using the charging excavator 400 having such a configuration, a known powder supply device (not shown) is disposed on the waste 2 from which iron scraps 9 and the like have been removed by the magnetic sorting hydraulic excavator 300 and loaded as a pile 10. ) To add quick lime as a soil release material, and stir with the gripping member 408 of the grapple 404c. Then, the agitated waste 2 is once loaded as a mountain 10 'in another place by an unillustrated earth and sand transporting device (wheel loader or the like) and cured for about 1 to 2 days.

  The waste 2 that has been cured is returned to the mountain 10 again by the earth and sand transporting device, sequentially gripped by the gripping member 408 of the grapple 404c, and put into the self-propelled classification device 500. At this time, the gripping member 408 avoids the earth and sand mixed in the waste 2 and grips it, so that it pre-selects and removes the earth and sand and the like from the waste loaded on the mountain 8 and is self-propelled. It puts into the classifier 500.

  It should be noted that the earth and sand, stones, etc. that have been sorted and removed by this pre-sorting are either backfilled in the final disposal site 1 or stably buried again in another area within the same disposal site (used as cover soil). May be) Needless to say, the lifting excavator 200 may be used as it is as the loading excavator 400.

(4) Classification process FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the entire structure of the self-propelled classification device 500, FIG. 6 (a) is a side view thereof, and FIG. 6 (b) is a top view thereof. 6 (a) and 6 (b), the self-propelled classifier 500 has a hopper portion 501 having a hopper wall 501a into which waste 2 is input by a grapple gripping member 408 of an input excavator 400. And a classifier main body 503 equipped with a finger screen 502 that includes the hopper unit 501 and classifies the waste 2 thrown into the hopper unit 501 into a plurality of types (three types in this example) according to its size, A traveling body 504 provided below the classifier main body 503 and provided with an endless track crawler 504a and the waste 2L having the largest particle size among the three types of waste classified by the finger screen 502 are received, and self-propelled classification Over conveyor 505 transported to the rear side of apparatus 500 (right side in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b)) and discharged (unloaded), and medium-sized waste A middle conveyor 506 that receives M and transports it to the left side of the self-propelled classifier 500 (the front side of the middle sheet in FIG. 6A and the lower side in FIG. 6B) and the waste 2S having the smallest particle size. And an under conveyor 507 for transporting and discharging it to the front side (the left side in FIGS. 6A and 6B) of the self-propelled classifier 500.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the detailed structure of the finger screen 502. In FIG. 7, a finger screen 502 includes a substantially framed screen box 510 formed with a downward slope toward the rear side of the self-propelled classification device 500, and an upper part of the uppermost tilt direction of the screen box 510. The hopper wall 501a provided so as to surround three directions other than the rear side, the hopper portion 501 surrounded by the hopper wall 501a, and the screen box 510 continuous with the hopper portion 501. A comb tooth body 511 provided in a plurality of steps (in this example, seven steps) along the downward slope toward the rear of the self-propelled classifier, and the comb tooth body 511 remaining on the comb tooth body 511 An over tray 512 for delivering the large-sized waste 2L to the over conveyor 505, and a screen box 510
A lower screen 513 disposed along the downward slope toward the rear of the self-propelled classifier 511 below the comb teeth body 511, and the medium-sized waste 2M remaining on the lower screen 513. A middle tray 514 for delivering to the middle conveyor 506 and an under tray (not shown) for delivering the small-sized waste 2S that has passed through the lower screen 513 to the under conveyor 507 are provided.

  The comb teeth body 511 has a structure in which a plurality of comb teeth 511a are supported in a cantilever shape substantially horizontally, and each of the comb teeth 511a is disposed so that the tip of the comb teeth 511a faces the rear side of the self-propelled classifier. Has been. In addition, the comb teeth 511a have a shape that narrows toward the tip, and the gap between each comb tooth becomes slightly wider as it advances toward the tip of the comb teeth (that is, as it advances toward the rear side of the self-propelled classifier), As a result, the waste 2 placed on the comb teeth 511a can smoothly move downward in the inclined direction, and the comb teeth 511 are less likely to be clogged.

  In addition, a vibration hydraulic motor (not shown) is provided inside the finger screen box 510, and the screen box 510 is applied together with the comb teeth 511 and the lower screen 513 provided therein by the excitation force of the motor. Shake and vibrate. In this way, the finger screen 502 functions as an inclined vibration sieve.

  That is, the finger screen 502 moves the waste 2 introduced into the hopper unit 501 from the charging excavator 400 by the vibration from the hopper unit 501 via the comb teeth 511 downward in the inclination direction. Since waste 2 is added with quick lime and stirred and cured in the previous sediment removal process, it is easy to separate the sediment adhering to the waste 2, and the vibration of the finger screen 502 is further utilized. The earth and sand are removed.

  In addition, the finger screen 502 classifies the waste 2 into a particle having a particle size smaller than the target particle size or a particle size larger than the target particle size based on the size of the gap between the comb teeth 511a of each comb tooth body 511. Dropping from the gaps between the respective comb teeth 511a and delivering a larger particle size waste 2L to the over conveyor 505 through the over tray 512 as a large particle size waste 2L. Thereby, the large-sized waste 2L is discharged toward the rear side (the right side in FIGS. 6A and 6B) of the self-propelled classification device 500.

  On the other hand, the waste dropped below the comb teeth 511 is placed on the lower screen 513, and similarly classified based on the roughness of the lower screen 513 while moving downward in the inclined direction by vibration. To do. As a result, the medium grain size waste 2M is delivered to the middle conveyor 506 via the middle tray 514 as a medium grain size waste 2M. As a result, the medium-sized waste 2M is discharged toward the left side of the self-propelled classification device 500 (the front side in FIG. 6A and the lower side in FIG. 6B).

  On the other hand, the waste dropped below the lower screen 513 is transferred to the under conveyor 507 via an under tray (not shown) as small-size waste 2S. Thereby, the small particle size waste 2S is discharged toward the front side of the self-propelled classification device 500 (the left side in FIGS. 6A and 6B).

  Using the self-propelled classification device 500 configured as described above, the waste 2 input from the input hydraulic excavator 400 is classified into three types of wastes 2L, 2M, and 2S by the finger screen 502, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the large-sized waste 2L (for example, plastics, rubbers, and cobblestones) is transported and loaded on the iron plate 7 on the rear side (upper side in FIG. 2) of the self-propelled classification device 500 by the over conveyor 505. . As a result, a mountain 11 is formed. On the other hand, medium-sized waste 2M (for example, a mixture of plastics and rubbers and large-scale earth and sand) is conveyed to the left side (right side in FIG. 2) of the self-propelled classifier 500 by the middle conveyor 506. It passes to the wind power sorter 600 through the intermediate conveyor 550. On the other hand, the small-sized waste 2S (for example, relatively small-sized soil and sand) is conveyed to the front side (lower side in FIG. 2) of the self-propelled classification device 500 by the under conveyor 507 and loaded on the ground surface. As a result, a mountain 12 is formed. In addition, the small particle size waste 2S loaded as the mountain 12 is used as covering soil for burying the final disposal site 1, for example.

(5) Specific Gravity Sorting Step FIG. 8 is a side sectional view showing the entire structure of the wind power sorting device 600. In FIG. 8, 601 is a main body rotating drum, 602 is a main body rotating drum drive motor that rotationally drives the main body rotating drum 601, 603 is classified as a medium particle size by the self-propelled classification device 500, from plastics and rubbers A charging hopper provided on one side in the longitudinal direction of the main rotating drum (right side in FIG. 8) as a charging port for receiving the waste 2M in which the lightweight 2ML and the heavy 2MH composed of relatively large particle size earth and sand are mixed; 604 Is a blower (blower), 605 is a main body support frame, and 606 is a base frame.

  The main body support frame 605 is connected to the base frame 606 via a pin 610 so as to be rotatable (tiltable). Reference numeral 611 denotes a tilting cylinder (for example, an electric cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder), and one end side (the lower side in FIG. 8) is rotatably connected to a bracket 613 provided on the base frame 606 via a pin 612. The other end side (upper side in FIG. 8) is rotatably connected to a bracket 615 provided on the main body support frame 605 via a pin 614. With such a structure, the main body rotating drum 601 can be held at a desired inclination angle (= any inclination state, including a horizontal state) by using the pin 610 as a rotation fulcrum by the expansion / contraction operation of the cylinder 611. Instead of using the cylinder 611, it may be supported at a desired inclination angle by a separate support means such as a chain block.

  The main body rotating drum 601 is not shown and described in detail, but is supported rotatably with respect to the main body supporting frame 605 via rotating drum supporting rollers 616a and 616b, and the right rotating drum in FIG. The driving force of the above-described rotary drum drive motor (an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, or an engine directly connected to the support roller 616b, or the rotational speed can be freely adjusted as a variable speed) 602 is transmitted. Thus, the main body rotating drum 601 is driven to rotate about its axis (not shown).

  Further, reference numeral 617 denotes a drum body constituting the outer shell, 18 denotes a heavy material discharge port provided at one end in the longitudinal direction (left side in FIG. 8), and 19 denotes an end portion in the other longitudinal direction (right side in FIG. 8). A waste introduction port (also serving as a lightweight material discharge port), 20 is an intermediate discharge port provided on one side in the longitudinal direction from the waste introduction port 19 on the other side in the longitudinal direction, and 21 is provided in the intermediate product discharge port 20 A screen 22 is a screen cover.

  Reference numerals 23a, 23b, and 23c are flow path forming blocks arranged in this order at an interval from the intermediate discharge port 20 toward the heavy load discharge port 18, each having a substantially annular shape, and its outer peripheral surface. Is fixed so as to be in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the drum body 617. 24a, 24b, and 24c are scraping plates provided between the flow path forming block 23a on the waste inlet 19 side, between the flow path forming blocks 23a and 23b, and between the flow path forming blocks 23b and 23c, Each of the scraping plates 24 has a plurality of circumferential positions on the inner peripheral surface of the drum body 617 (for example, four locations, where the number and the pitch consider the maximum waste size to be introduced, and the waste 2M is between the scraping plates 24 and 24. Are arranged and fixed at a predetermined pitch). With such a structure, the small-diameter portions 25A, 25B, and 25C having a smaller channel cross-sectional area on the inner peripheral side of the flow passage forming blocks 23a, 23b, and 23c than the other portions are provided in the flow passage in the main body rotating drum 601. Are formed, between the small diameter portion 25A and the waste introduction port 19, between the small diameter portions 25A and 25B, between the small diameter portions 25B and 25C, and between the small diameter portion 25C and the heavy material discharge port 18, Large diameter portions 26A, 26B, 26C, and 26D are formed, respectively. In other words, the small-diameter portions 25A, 25B, 25C and the large-diameter portions 26A, 26B, 26C, 26D are arranged in the middle portion in the longitudinal direction excluding both ends of the drum body 617, with the large-diameter portion 26A, the small-diameter portion 25A, and the large-diameter portion. 26B, small diameter portion 25B, large diameter portion 26C, small diameter portion 25C, and large diameter portion 26D are alternately arranged in this order.

  The waste 2M introduced from the waste introduction port 19 (especially the heavy product 2MH) flows in the longitudinal direction in the drum body 617 to the left side in FIG. 8 (in other words, the heavy product discharge port 18 side). The waste introduction port 19 side (right side in FIG. 8) wall surface 23aA, 23bA, 23cA of each flow path forming block 23a, 23b, 23c captures the flowing waste in front of the corresponding small diameter portions 25A, 25B, 25C. It functions as a stepped portion (capturing means) (a stepped portion is formed by each flow path forming block 23a, 23b, 23c). The scraping plates 24a, 24b, and 24c scrape the waste captured by the flow path forming block wall surfaces 23aA, 23bA, and 23cA as stepped portions in the rotation direction along with the rotation of the rotary drum 1. It functions as a scraping means to be lifted and accompanied. Moreover, the heavy material discharge port 18 side (left side in FIG. 8) wall surface 23cB of the flow path forming block 23c has a tapered shape, and the heavy material 2MH that has reached here reaches the heavy material discharge port 18 quickly and smoothly by its own weight. It is designed as follows.

  27 is a passage member fixed through the support member 28 in the vicinity of the light weight discharge side (right side in FIG. 8) end of the main body support frame 605, and a hopper connection portion 27a for connecting the charging hopper 603 to the upper portion, An expanded lead-out portion 27b provided on the rotary drum 601 side (left side in FIG. 8) from the hopper connection portion 27a and leading out the waste 2M introduced from the input hopper 603 and introduced through the hopper connection portion 27; A light weight discharge portion 27c provided on the light weight discharge side (right side in FIG. 8) from the connection portion 27a is provided. With such a structure, the passage member 27 has a so-called Venturi tubular shape in which the lower position of the hopper connecting portion 27a is reduced in diameter as compared with its front and rear portions in the air flow direction (leading portion 27b and lightweight object discharging portion 27c). ing. As a result, this is equivalent to the provision of a throttle in the air flow direction, the static pressure of this portion is reduced, the blowing out of the air flow through the hopper connecting portion 27a is reduced, and the backflow of the input waste 2M is prevented. It is like that. Further, the lead-out portion 27b covers the vicinity of the right end 617a in FIG. 8 including the waste introduction port 19 of the drum main body 617, and the drum main end 617a whose end 27bA on the fixed side is the rotation side, and It arrange | positions so that a slight clearance gap may be interposed between these.

  The charging hopper 603 is tiltably connected to the passage member hopper connecting portion 27a through a known structure. ) Can be maintained. This facilitates the reception of the waste 2M from the intermediate conveyor 550.

  The blower 604 is fixed to the vicinity of the left end portion of the main body support frame 605 in FIG. 8 via a support member 29, and may be a blower drive motor 30 (an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, or an engine directly connected. Also, as a variable speed). The air speed may be adjusted so that the light weight 2ML in the waste 2M is sorted from the heavy 2MH and transported. 31 is a blower duct connected to the outlet side of the blower 604, and 32 is a substantially disc-shaped duct guard disposed on the downstream side of the blower duct 31 in the blowing direction. The duct guard 32 is, for example, a lattice-shaped filter portion in the radial center side area, and blocks coarse foreign matters from the air flow from the air duct 31 so as not to flow into the main body rotating drum 601 side. Yes. The duct guard 32 as a whole covers the vicinity of the left end 617b in FIG. 8 including the heavy material discharge port 18 of the drum main body 617, and the end 32a which is the fixed side is the end of the drum main body which is the rotation side. It arrange | positions so that a slight clearance gap may be interposed between the parts 617b. Reference numeral 33 denotes a blower hood extending so as to be continuous with the blower duct 31, and an air flow generated by the blower 604 is supplied into the main body rotating drum 601 through the blower duct 31 and the blower hood 33. At this time, the blower hood 33 allows the heavy object 2MH to be discharged by allowing the opening 33A to face the region of the large-diameter portion 26D on the fixed discharge chute 34 side that discharges the heavy object 2MH. The region on the opposite side to 34 is partitioned to prevent the air flow and the flow of the heavy object 2MH from flowing there.

  In the wind power sorting apparatus 600 configured as described above, after extending the cylinder 611 and tilting and holding the main body support frame 605 so that the waste inlet 19 side of the main body rotating drum 601 is raised as shown in FIG. When the main body rotating drum drive motor 602 is driven, the main body rotating drum 601 rotates about its axis through the rotating drum support rollers 616a and 616b. When the blower drive motor 30 is driven, an air flow is generated from the blower 604 and supplied into the main body rotating drum 601 through the blower duct 31 and the blower hood 33, and is further squeezed by the lead-out portion 27b of the passage member 27. It is blown out from the discharge part 27c.

  In this state, when medium-sized waste 2M is thrown into the feeding hopper 603 by the intermediate conveyor 550, it is introduced below the passage member hopper connecting portion 27a and blown and collided with the above-mentioned air flow, and most of the light weight 2ML. Is sorted by this air flow (by wind force), transported downstream of the air flow (right side in FIG. 8) and loaded on the iron plate 7 to form a waste pile 4 (see also FIG. 2). . On the other hand, the heavy object 2MH is not placed on the air flow (overcome the wind force by gravity), and the main body support frame 605 is inclined as described above, together with the remaining slight light object 2ML that is not sorted by its own weight. (In this sense, it is precisely a mixed waste of heavy material 2MH and lightweight material 2ML) It is introduced into the main body rotating drum 601 from the passage member outlet 27b through the waste introduction port 19, and further the inner periphery of the drum main body 617. It flows so as to roll in the longitudinal direction of the main body rotating drum 601 along the surface (to the other side in the longitudinal direction of the main body rotating drum 601 and toward the left side in FIG. 8). At this time, the heavy object 2MH flowing along the inclination as described above is once captured by the wall surface 23aA of the flow path forming block 23a on the most upstream side (= opposite to the air flow direction) of the heavy object 2MH. Stay. At this time, since the large diameter portion 26A on the near side (right side in FIG. 8) of the wall surface 23aA is provided with the scraping plates 24a at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, the captured heavy object 2MH is separated from the scraping plate. It stays between 24a and 24a. As a result, since the rotating drum main body 601 is rotating, the captured heavy object 2MH is swept up in the rotating direction by the scraping plate 24a, and is lifted greatly in the height direction and then dropped again by gravity. Then, it is stirred and unraveled, and when it falls, it passes over the flow path forming block 23a, passes through the small diameter portion 25A, and flows into the next large diameter portion 26B. Similarly, the inflowing heavy object 2MH is again captured by the wall surface 23bA of the flow path forming block 23b and stays between the scraping plates 24b and 24b provided on the large diameter portion 26B, and is scraped with the rotation of the rotary drum body 601. After being lifted by the raising plate 24a, it is dropped and unraveled, passes through the small diameter portion 25B while getting over the flow path forming block 23b, and flows into the next large diameter portion 26C. Further, the heavy object 2MH is again captured by the flow path forming block wall surface 23cA, lifted by the scraping plate 24c, then dropped and unraveled, passes over the flow path forming block 23c, passes through the small diameter portion 25C, and reaches the final stage. It flows into the diameter part 26D.

  In this way, by repeating the behavior of staying in the large diameter portion 26 → lifting with the scraping plate 24 and dropping → passing the flow path forming block 23 → passing the small diameter portion 25 → inflowing into the next large diameter portion 26, for example, Then, after being put into the charging hopper 603, light weight 2ML such as plastics and rubber is strongly entangled with heavy objects 2MH such as earth and sand introduced into the rotating drum 601 of the main body, or moisture is buried during the final disposal site burial. Even if the lightweight object 2ML adheres to the heavy object 2MH due to tingling, etc., the mass can be unraveled securely, and the lightweight object 2ML can be peeled off and separated from the heavy object 2MH. . At this time, there is also an effect that the lightweight object 2ML is peeled off by the edge of the block 23 when passing through the small diameter portion 25 and overcoming each flow path forming block 23. Furthermore, in the small-diameter portion 25, the flow velocity of the air flow increases as the cross-sectional area is reduced (reduced diameter). Therefore, when passing through the small-diameter portion 25, the lightweight object 2ML is peeled off from the mass formed by the fast air flow. Separation can be promoted, and when a large heavy object 2MH passes, the substantial air flow passage cross-sectional area is reduced, the air flow rate is further increased, and further separation can be promoted. The increase in the flow rate of the air flow also has an effect of reliably preventing the lightweight object 2ML from falling downward in the inclination direction (heavy object discharge port side).

  It should be noted that the waste 2M thrown into the charging hopper 603 does not reach the lightweight discharge port (waste introduction port) 19 at the air flow velocity of the large diameter portion 26A, but rather the small diameter portion (reduced diameter portion) 25A. In the case where a small and fine heavy object that is pushed back at the wind speed and cannot pass over the flow path forming block 23a toward the heavy object discharge port 18 side is included, the intermediate part is passed through the screen 21 from the large diameter part 26A. It is discharged out of the main body rotating drum 601 from the object discharge port 20.

  The light article 2ML once separated from the heavy article 2MH as described above is moved in the longitudinally inclined direction of the main body rotary drum 601 of the heavy article 2MH by the air flow blown through the main body rotary drum 601 by the blower 604. Contrary to the flow along (to the left in FIG. 8), it is conveyed in a direction of increasing inclination (on the right in FIG. 8), and in this example of the main body rotating drum 601 through the waste introduction port 19, the upper end portion (In other words, the end opposite to the blower 604) and further discharged to the outside of the wind power sorting device 600 through the lead-out portion 27b of the passage member 27 and the lightweight object discharge portion 27c. As a result, it is possible to prevent a reduction in the sorting performance due to the attachment of the light weight 2ML to the heavy weight 2MH, and to perform the specific gravity sorting of the light weight 2ML efficiently with high accuracy. When viewed on the heavy object 2MH side, the repeated steps of the large diameter part 26 and the small diameter part 25 prevent the heavy object 2MH from flowing too quickly through the main body rotating drum 601 and extend the residence time to provide a sorting function. There is also an action to ensure.

  The heavy object 2MH from which the light object 2ML has been sufficiently separated as described above is finally disposed on the lower side of the main body rotating drum 601 in this example through the heavy object discharge port 18 and the discharge chute 34 from the large diameter portion 26D. It is discharged from the end portion (in other words, the end portion on the blower 604 side).

  On the other hand, the lightweight object 2ML discharged from the lightweight object discharging unit 27c to the outside of the wind power sorting device 600 falls onto the waste mountain 4 formed on the iron plate 7 and is loaded and stored. The

  In this way, the lightweight object 2ML mainly made of plastics and rubbers, which has been subjected to specific gravity selection by the wind power by the wind power sorter 600, is transferred onto the iron plate 7 by the transfer excavator 700 (refer to FIG. 9 described later for the detailed structure). And is once loaded and stored as a mountain 13 (see FIG. 2). On the other hand, the transfer excavator 700 uses a grapple gripping member 708 (described later), and is classified by the self-propelled classifier 500 and stored as a mountain 11 2L (plastics and rubbers). Plastics and rubbers are selected from cobblestones, etc. (in other words, avoiding cobblestones, etc.), gripped, transported, merged with the lightweight object 2ML of the mountain 13 and stored. As a result, most of the plastics and rubbers in the waste 2 lifted from the final disposal site 1 by the initial lifting excavator 200 can be selected and collected in the mountain 13.

(6) Volume reduction process The waste mainly consisting of plastics and rubbers stored in the mountain 13 is again put into the compression packing device 800 using the excavator 700 for transfer. FIG. 9 is a view corresponding to an arrow side view seen from the direction D in FIG. In FIG. 9, a transfer excavator 700 in this example is a so-called high cab type excavator having a structure similar to that of the above-described pulling excavator 200, and a traveling body having an endless track crawler 701a as a traveling means. 701, a turning body 702, a turning device 703, a front device 704 (boom 704a, arm 704b, grapple 704c), a driver's cab 705, and a driver's cab support 706.

  Using the transfer excavator 700 having such a configuration, the plastics and rubbers loaded on the mountain 13 are put into the compression packing apparatus 800 by the gripping member 708 of the grapple 704c. Needless to say, the lifting hydraulic excavator 200 or the loading hydraulic excavator 400 may be used as it is as the transfer hydraulic excavator 700.

  FIG. 10 is a side view as seen from the direction E in FIG. In FIG. 10, the trailer 900 includes a trailer head portion 901 and a loading platform portion 902. The compression packing device 800 is mounted on the loading platform 902, and includes a hopper 801, a housing 805, a hydraulic cylinder 802, a compression piston 803 fixed to the tip of the rod portion 802a of the hydraulic cylinder 802, and an open / close door 804a. And an opening / closing mechanism 804 having the above and a packing device 808 provided in the housing 805.

  Plastics and rubbers are put into the hopper 801 of the compression packing apparatus 800 by the grapple 704c of the transfer excavator 700 for transfer. Thereafter, the opening and closing door 804 is closed and the hydraulic cylinder 802 is extended, so that the plastics and rubbers charged from the hopper 801 are compressed by the compression piston 803 and reduced in volume. After that, the opening / closing door 804 is opened and the hydraulic cylinder 802 is further extended and packed by the packing device 808 so that the compressed garbage does not fall, and then compressed and packed plastics and rubbers (hereinafter referred to as compressed garbage) 14. Are sequentially discharged from the outlet side end portion 805a of the housing 805.

  The discharged compressed garbage 14 is transferred by a roller mechanism 16 on a substantially triangular discharging table 15 provided so as to be continuous with the trailer carrier 902 and is discharged to the ground surface 17. The compressed garbage 14 reaching the ground surface 17 is transferred by, for example, a forklift 1000 (or a lifting hydraulic excavator 200, a loading hydraulic excavator 400, a transfer hydraulic excavator 700, or the like may be used). Refill the area where there was a waste 2 layer. In addition, you may backfill to another area | region in the same disposal site.

  In the present embodiment, after removing roughly large stones or the like from the waste 2 excavated from the final disposal site 1 with the lifting excavator 200, quick lime, which is a sediment release material, is added and stirred to 1 to By curing for about 2 days, the earth and sand react with quicklime and generate heat. Then, by evaporating moisture in the earth and sand and drying the earth and sand, it is easy to remove the earth and sand adhering to the waste 2 in the classification step by the vibration classifier 500 thereafter. Thereby, the classification accuracy of the waste 2 is also improved. As a result, the volume reduction efficiency of the waste 2 can be improved, and the life of the final disposal site 1 can be further extended.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is applied to the stable final disposal site. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention is applied to the managed final disposal site. However, it is possible to further extend the life of the disposal site by improving the volume reduction of waste.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the waste is compressed and reduced and packed by the compression packing device 800 in the volume reduction process. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a melt solidification device or an incineration device is used. It may be used.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the small-sized waste 2S classified by the self-propelled classification device 500 is reused as the cover soil of the final disposal site 1, but not limited to this. A solidifying material may be mixed with waste 2S made of earth and sand having a small particle diameter and stabilized, and then backfilled.

It is a flow which shows the flow of the process process in one Embodiment of the waste processing method of this invention. It is a top view showing the whole arrangement of one embodiment of a waste disposal method of the present invention. It is an arrow side view shown in the partial cross section seen from the A direction in FIG. 2 which shows the operation | work in the excavation process which comprises one Embodiment of the disposal method of the waste material of this invention. It is the arrow side view seen from the B direction in FIG. 2 which shows the operation | work in the pre-processing process which comprises one Embodiment of the disposal method of the waste material of this invention. It is the arrow side view seen from the C direction in FIG. 2 which shows the operation | work in the classification process which comprises one Embodiment of the disposal method of the waste material of this invention. It is the side view and top view showing the whole structure of the self-propelled classification device which constitutes one embodiment of the disposal method of the present invention. It is a perspective view showing the detailed structure of the finger screen with which the self-propelled classification apparatus which comprises one Embodiment of the disposal method of the waste material of this invention is equipped. It is a sectional side view showing the whole structure of the wind power sorter which constitutes one embodiment of the disposal method of the present invention. It is the arrow side view seen from the D direction in FIG. 2 which shows the operation | work in the volume reduction process which comprises one Embodiment of the disposal method of the waste material of this invention. It is the arrow side view seen from the E direction in FIG. 2 which shows the operation | work in the volume reduction process which comprises one Embodiment of the disposal method of the waste material of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

2 Waste 400 Input hydraulic excavator (input device)
500 Self-propelled classifier (classifier)
502 Finger screen (sieving means)
511 Comb tooth body 600 Wind power sorter 601 Main body rotating drum (tubular member)
603 Hopper (input)
604 Blower (blower)
23a, 23b, 23c Flow path forming block (capturing means)
24a, 24b, 24c Scooping plate (scraping means)
800 Compression packing device (volume reduction device)

Claims (4)

In the waste disposal method of excavating the waste buried in the final disposal site, classifying and sorting the excavated waste, and reducing the volume of waste subject to volume reduction,
A method for treating waste, characterized in that, before classifying and sorting the excavated waste, an earth and sand remover is added to the waste and stirred, followed by curing. After adding the earth and sand release material to the waste containing plastics or rubber raised from under the soil at the final disposal site, stirring, and curing for a while,
This cured waste is thrown into the classifier by the feeder,
This classification device classifies waste into at least three types according to its size,
After sorting and separating at least one type of waste among the classified wastes with a wind power sorter by its specific gravity,
A waste processing method characterized by volume reduction processing of waste that can be reduced among wastes classified and separated. After adding the earth and sand release material to the waste containing plastics or rubber raised from under the soil at the final disposal site, stirring, and curing for a while,
The cured waste is thrown into a classifier equipped with a sieve means in which a plurality of comb teeth formed in a comb-like shape are arranged stepwise and supported so as to be able to vibrate by a feeding device,
This classification device classifies waste into at least three types according to its size,
At least one of the classified wastes, a cylindrical member rotatably supported, an inlet provided on one side in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical member, and the input by generating an air flow A blower provided on the other side in the longitudinal direction of the tubular member so as to blow an air flow on the waste thrown into the mouth and moving in the tubular member, and a waste moved to the other side in the longitudinal direction of the tubular member Scavenging means provided in the cylindrical member so as to capture the object, and scraping provided in the cylindrical member so as to scrape up the waste captured by the capturing means as the cylindrical member rotates. After sorting and separating by the specific gravity,
A waste processing method characterized by volume reduction processing of waste that can be reduced among wastes classified and separated.   The waste processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the earth and sand peeling material is quick lime.

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