JP2006000780A - Separation facility of construction mixed waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separation facility of construction mixed waste efficiently and continuously separating recycling combustibles from the construction mixed waste. <P>SOLUTION: This separation facility of construction mixed waste containing long and large article of 500 mm or more, has a developing conveyor 3 developing and carrying the waste, and a long and large article separator 5 receiving the construction mixed waste developed in the developing conveyor 3 and separating long and large articles 6 from the waste. A middle-size article separator 14 separating the construction mixed waste with the long and large articles removed by the separator 5 into middle-size articles 300-500 mm and small articles less than 300 mm, a separating line 21 breaking middle-size bags separated in the middle-size article separator 14, and a small article separating line separating the small articles less than 300 mm separated in the middle-size article separator 14, into earth and sand less than 30 mm and small articles 30-300 mm, are disposed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a sorting facility for continuously and efficiently sorting a recyclable material from construction mixed waste generated at a new construction site or a demolition site of a building.

  A construction mixed waste in which various kinds and sizes of waste are mixed is generated at a new construction site or a demolition construction site (hereinafter referred to as “construction site”) of a building. Construction site mixed waste is light-weight mixed waste such as broken materials for construction materials such as wood, iron, gypsum board, electric wires, and PVC pipes, or packaging materials such as waste plastic, cardboard, vinyl sheets, polystyrene foam, and straps. And demolition waste of buildings such as concrete glass, glass, steel frames, aluminum sashes, bricks, etc., or demolition waste of interior materials such as plasterboard, electric wires, wood, vinyl cloth, PVC pipes, insulation materials, documents, empty cans, etc. It is a heavy mixed waste such as garbage.

  These construction mixed wastes are a mixture of various types of wastes ranging in size from large objects exceeding 1 m to earth and sand. This construction mixed waste is sorted into materials mainly sorted by material, combustible mixture for thermal recycling, and materials that must be disposed of in landfill.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a general processing flow of conventional construction mixed waste, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a conventional rough sorting process. In FIG. 5, the construction mixed waste generated at the construction site is carried into an intermediate processing sorting facility, and sorted into those that can be recycled by type in the rough sorting process and the finishing sorting process, and those that must be disposed of. The finishing sorting process includes a machine sorting process, a hand sorting process, a crushing process, and a non-combustible material sorting process.

  In FIG. 6, the construction mixed waste 2 at the construction site is collected and transported by containers and boxes installed at the construction site, or is loaded directly into the vehicle 1 from the waste yard at the construction site and transported. These wastes are transported to an intermediate treatment facility and deployed (damped) between concrete soils.

In the rough sorting process, the construction mixed waste 2 at the construction site damped between the concrete soils is treated as follows.
a. The pile of construction mixed waste is leveled so that it can be easily sorted by the heavy machinery 7.
b. Large recyclables and difficult-to-process items that cause failures when put into the finishing sorting step are sorted by heavy machinery for heavy ones and manually by 30 for light ones. Sorting target size is 300-500mm or more, usually concrete glass, ceramic scrap, metal scrap (iron scrap, aluminum, electric wire, etc.), waste wood, waste plastic (rolled vinyl sheet, etc.) Combustible materials (carpets, tatami, etc.), cardboard, gypsum board, PVC pipes, difficult-to-process materials (desks, chairs, rocks, etc.).
c. The selected products are processed by cutting, crushing, packing, etc. with a single item processing line before shipment.
d. The sorting residue 31 is transferred to the conveyor 33 by the heavy machine 32 to the next machine sorting process for finishing sorting.

The finish sorting process includes the following processes.
a. Machine sorting process Using a wind-powered vibration sorter, wind-powered trommel, etc., sorts into two or three types according to size or specific gravity, such as earth and sand of about 30 mm or less, and heavy and light weight. Heavy and light objects of about 30 mm or more are transported to the next manual sorting process. The earth and sand of about 30 mm or less passes through the bypass line and merges with the crushed material left after hand sorting.
b. Manual sorting process In manual sorting, recyclable materials such as combustible materials, PVC, gypsum, wood, metals (aluminum, stainless steel, electric wires, etc.), difficult-to-process materials (spray cans, composites, etc.), or residue after manual sorting. Upon entering, the items that interfere with the post-process are selected and temporarily stored in a yard or box below the line. It is common to install a magnetic separator and an aluminum sorter before or after the manual sorting process, and iron scrap and aluminum scrap are mechanically sorted. The residue after hand sorting is conveyed to the next crushing process.
c. Crushing process Hand-sorted residue is mainly non-combustible material such as concrete glass, ceramic waste, and glass waste, and small pieces of combustible material such as wood waste, paper, and vinyl chloride that cannot be manually sorted are mixed. These are crushed with an impact crusher. The crushing size is generally 40 to 30 mm or less.
d. Non-combustible material sorting process The crushed material from the manual sorting residue and the earth and sand separated in the machine sorting process merge and are transported to the non-combustible material sorting process. After removing iron scraps with a magnetic separator, it is put into a non-combustible material separator. Incombustible material sorting machine is generally a wind-powered vibration sorter, wind-powered trommel, etc., with about 10 mm sieve and wind force, lightweight combustibles, sand items less than about 10 mm, about 10 to about 30 (40) Sorted into about three types, such as mm small items.

  In addition, it describes in the patent documents 1, 2, etc. about the sorting processing equipment of construction mixed waste. According to Patent Document 1, this sorting processing facility roughly removes large-sized components from construction site waste in advance, and uses construction mixed waste with roughly 500 mm or less of waste after rough sorting in combination with a windscreen. Using a sorter such as a sorter, the final sort is made into three types of fine particles and heavy and lightweight products according to specific gravity.

Further, Patent Document 2 describes a technique for selecting a recyclable material after crushing it to a certain size without selecting a large material from construction site waste.
JP 2001-794493 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-211144

  Among the conventional processes, there was the following problem in the construction mixed waste sorting process at the construction site.

(1) Since it is a work in which people, heavy equipment, and vehicles are mixed to sort out large items from construction mixed waste at the construction site, there is always a safety problem with danger.

(2) The construction mixed waste at the construction site contains up to about 50% of earth and sand, and there is a problem of health of workers because there are many dusts and the working environment is bad. For this reason, there are places where dust is reduced by water spraying, but there are problems such as clogging and adhesion due to moisture in the construction mixed waste, resulting in poor efficiency of machine sorting such as vibration sieve in the subsequent process. It was.

(3) From the piles of mixed waste spread between concrete soils, long-sized and heavy items that are unsuitable for input into the machine sorting process are handled manually in heavy machinery with poor handling or in a poor working posture. The sorting efficiency is poor because the sorting work is performed.

(4) Since the residue after rough sorting is held and put into a sorting line in a subsequent process by a heavy machine, there is a lot of time and space waste.

(5) In the machine sorting process, the contents of the waste contained in the bag cannot be sorted by wind, vibration sieve, magnetic force or the like.

  In Cited Document 1, it is difficult to input construction mixed wastes at construction sites that include a large object of about 500 mm or more and a heavy object of about 100 kg or more in a sorting machine such as a wind sieve combined sorter. It can also be a cause. Therefore, in this sorting processing facility, it is necessary to remove long and heavy items from the construction site waste in advance with a heavy machine or the like at the time of rough sorting, which takes time for rough sorting and is inefficient. In addition, construction mixed waste has a high rate of carrying packing materials and broken materials in bags, and the contents of the bags cannot be mechanically sorted by wind force, vibrating sieve, magnetic force, or the like.

  In Cited Document 2, the ratio of crushed material to be a mixture of different materials is large due to entanglement and heat at the time of crushing, and the sorting efficiency of the material type is poor, so the material recycling rate is deteriorated. Furthermore, since the crusher crushes large chunks and hard objects such as metal and ceramic, the blades of the crusher are greatly damaged and costly.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a construction mixed waste sorting facility capable of sorting recyclable combustible materials continuously and efficiently from construction mixed waste at a construction site.

  The present invention relates to a developing conveyor for unfolding and transporting the construction mixed waste in a construction mixed waste sorting facility including a large article having a particle size range of 500 mm or more generated at a new construction site or a demolition construction site of a building. And a long and large sorter that supplies the construction mixed waste unfolded by the unfolding conveyor and sorts the large and large items from the construction mixed waste, and sorts the recyclable items from the long and large pieces by heavy equipment. It is characterized by arranging lines to be used.

  In addition, a medium sorter for sorting construction mixed waste from which the large size is removed by the long size sorter into a medium size range of 300 mm or more and less than 500 mm and a small size range of less than 300 mm, and the midsize sorter A bag breakage facility that breaks the medium bag sorted in the above, a small particle having a particle size range of less than 300 mm sorted by the medium sorter, and earth and sand having a particle size range of less than 30 mm and less than 300 mm of 30 mm or more. It is characterized by comprising a small item sorter for sorting small items in a particle size range and a line for conveying the contents of the bag broken by the bag breaking device to the small item sorter.

(1) Since the present invention can separate the work areas of heavy machinery, humans, and vehicles by installing a developing conveyor and a long and large sorter,
a. The mixed work in the conventional rough sorting process can be avoided, and safety is improved.
b. The working environment against dust during conventional damping is improved.
c. Size sorting by heavy machinery is mechanized by a large sorter and removal of unsuitable materials into the machine sorting process is mechanized and reliably performed, and the mechanization rate of sorting work is improved.

(2) The present invention makes it possible to machine sort the contents of bags in a later process by mechanizing the sorting of wastes of about 300 to 500 mm in size with many bags and installing a dedicated bag breaking line. Improve sorting efficiency.

(3) The present invention is a technology that does not crush, so that waste can be sorted in its original form, and large articles and earth and sand do not enter the finishing and fine sorting process such as manual sorting after rough sorting, improving sorting efficiency. In addition, the material recycling rate can be increased.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a sorting facility according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, a developing conveyor 3 capable of directly dumping (developing) construction mixed waste 2 at a construction site from a loading vehicle 1 is arranged in the sorting facility. The unfolding conveyor 3 uses a well-known thing comprised with the horizontal apron conveyor made from steel. The construction mixed waste 2 damped to the developing conveyor 3 is leveled and quantitatively transferred to the supply conveyor 4.

  By installing the unfolding conveyor 3, the unfolding work by the conventional heavy machinery is mechanized, so that space saving and manpower saving can be achieved. Moreover, since the carrying-in area of the vehicle 1 into which construction mixed waste is carried can be separated from the heavy machinery work area and the manual work area, safety and work environment can be improved. In addition, since there is no need to put construction mixed waste into the machinery equipment by heavy machinery, it is possible to save space and make the quantitative supply to the machinery equipment more efficient.

  The waste transferred from the developing conveyor 3 to the supply conveyor 4 is supplied to a long and large sorter 5 arranged in the next process, and a long and large thing 6 of about 500 mm or more is sorted.

  2 to 4 show an embodiment of a long and large sorter, using the fork type vibrating screen shown in FIG. 2, the roll screen shown in FIG. 3, the screw blade type sorter shown in FIG. It is possible to sort out long and large items.

  In the perspective view of the fork-type vibrating screen in FIG. 2, the wastes A and B are carried into the vibrating body 42 by the supply conveyor, and the vibrating body 42 is connected to the mount 47, the spring 45 and the link 46. The eccentric shaft 44 is driven by the motor 43, and the eccentric shaft 44 causes a vertical motion to vibrate. Fork-type screens 41 are arranged in a stepped manner on the vibrating body 42, and waste B having a size of 500 mm or less falls downward as small and medium articles due to the L dimension of 500 mm of the fork-type screen 41. The waste A having a length of 500 mm or more is carried out as a long article while sliding on the fork screen 41.

  In the roll screen shown in the plan view of FIG. 3A and the side view of FIG. 3B, the roll screen sorting system has a disk 53 mounted on a rotating shaft 52 with an L dimension of 500 mm pitch. The rotation shaft 52 is arranged with a plurality of inclinations on the same plane with an inter-axis L dimension of 500 mm. The rotating shafts 52 are respectively connected by a chain and are driven synchronously by the electric motor 51. The wastes A and B which are carried in are discharged while sliding on the shaft or the disk 53 while the waste A having a size of 500 mm or less is slid on the shaft or the disk 53, and the waste B having a size of 500 mm or less is dropped and sorted.

  In the screw blade sorter shown in the front view of FIG. 4A and the side view of FIG. 4B, the long and large sorter is provided with a screw blade 63 on a rotary drum 62 and is rotated by an electric motor 61. The lead L dimension of the screw blade 63 is about 500 mm, and the wastes A and B supplied by the conveyor are guided to the screw blade 63 by the guide 64, and the waste A having a length of about 500 mm or more is rotated by the screw blade 63. It rides on the outer periphery and is guided to the conveyor 65 and discharged outside the machine. Waste B of about 500 mm or less passes between the leads of the screw blades 63 and is discharged downward and is discharged onto the conveyor 66 to the outside of the machine.

  By arranging the long and large sorter 5, it is possible to automatically sort the long and large items 6 to be sorted by heavy machinery and the small and medium items 12 to be sorted by the machine. This eliminates the need for efficient sorting of heavy machinery. In addition, since a large object that is unsuitable for input to the machine sorting line in the subsequent process is reliably removed, the load on the machine is reduced, damage can be avoided, and the life can be extended.

  The construction mixed waste 12 of medium and small size less than about 500 mm sorted by the long and large sorter 5 is installed in the subsequent process of the long and large sorter 5 by installing a grizzly feeder or a midsize sorter 14 such as a vibration sieve. Machine sorting of about 15 to about 300-500 mm medium items 15 and small items 16 and earth and sand 17 less than about 300 mm, with many bags containing materials and packing materials.

  Small articles 16 and earth and sand 17 of less than about 300 mm are conveyed to the line of the earth and sand sorter 18 such as a trommel and a vibrating sieve, and the earth and sand 17 of less than about 30 mm are separated. The apron conveyor 19 conveys it to the wind power sorter 20 of the next process.

  A bag breaking line 20 for breaking the bags is installed downstream of the bags sorted by the medium sorting machine 14 such as the grizzly feeder and the vibrating sieve and the other middle items 15. The bag breakage line 20 breaks the bag to take out the contents of the bag, and the material containing earth and sand is conveyed to the earth and sand sorter 18 such as the trommel or vibrating sieve. After the bag breakage, the contents excluding the earth and sand are conveyed as they are from the bag breaking line 21 to the next-stage wind power sorter 20 by the conveyor 19.

  Since the contents 15 of about 300 to 500 mm with many bags can be efficiently sorted by the bag breaking line 21, the contents of the broken bags and the contents of the bags can be collected efficiently. In addition, by installing the bag line 22, the contents of the bag can be machine-sorted and can be removed even if there is earth and sand 17 in the contents, so that it is possible to improve the work efficiency of the subsequent process.

  The earth and sand sorter 18 such as trommel and vibrating sieve can be used to sort the earth and sand before the manual sorting process, so that the working environment such as dust can be improved. This makes it easier to collect recyclable materials and improves material recycling. In addition, by installing a wind power sorter in the manual sorting process of the finishing sorting process, it is possible to remove light and flammable materials that are easily bulky in advance, so that the manual sorting work can be made more efficient.

  It can be used for sorting equipment that sorts recyclable materials continuously and efficiently from construction mixed waste generated at new construction sites or demolition construction sites.

It is a figure which shows the sorting equipment of this invention. It is the schematic of the fork-type vibrating screen which is one Example of a long and large sorter. It is the schematic of the roll screen which is another Example of a long and large sorter. It is the schematic of the screw blade type | mold sorter which is another Example of a long and large sorter. It is the schematic of the general processing flow of the conventional construction mixed waste. It is a figure which shows an example of the conventional sorting equipment.

Explanation of symbols

1: Carry-in vehicle 2: Construction mixed waste at the construction site 3: Unfolding conveyor 4: Supply conveyor 5: Long and large sorter 6: Long and large 7: Heavy machinery
12: Construction mixed waste (small and medium)
14: Medium sorter 15: Medium 16: Small article 17: Earth and sand 18: Earth and sand sorter 19: Conveyor
20: Wind sorter 21: Bag breaking line 30: Manual 31: Sort residue 32: Heavy machinery 33: Conveyor 41: Fork screen 42: Vibrating body 43: Electric motor 44: Eccentric shaft 45: Spring 46: Link 47: Mounting platform 51 : Electric motor 52: Rotating shaft 53: Disk 61: Electric motor 62: Rotating drum 63: Screw blade 64: Guide 65: Conveyor 66: Conveyor

Claims (2)

In the sorting facility for construction mixed waste, including long-sized objects with a particle size range of 500 mm or more, that occurred at the construction site of new buildings or the site of demolition,
An unfolding conveyor that unfolds and conveys the construction mixed waste, and a long and large sorter that sorts out a large thing from the construction mixed waste that is supplied with the construction mixed waste unfolded on the unfolding conveyor is disposed. A construction mixed waste sorting facility, wherein a line for sorting the recyclable materials from the long and large items by heavy machinery is arranged.   The medium waste sorter for sorting the construction mixed waste from which the long and large items are removed by the long and large sorter into the middle size within the particle size range of 300 mm to less than 500 mm and the small size within the particle size range of less than 300 mm, and the middle sorter. A bag breakage facility for breaking the above-mentioned medium-sized bag, a small particle having a particle size range of less than 300 mm sorted by the medium sorter, earth and sand having a particle size range of less than 30 mm, and a particle size range of less than 300 mm and not less than 30 mm A small-size sorting machine for sorting small items and a device for conveying the contents of bags broken by the bag-breaking equipment to the small-size sorting machine and the small items sorted by size less than 500 mm, small items, earth and sand individually or A construction mixed waste sorting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a line for mixing and sorting into a recyclable product by a machine or by hand.

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