JP6004355B2 - Lubricating layer breakage suppressing method and structure having sliding portion - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、潤滑層の破断抑制方法および摺動部を有する構造体に関し、例えば軸受の摺動始動時における潤滑層の破断抑制方法および摺動部を有する構造体に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for suppressing breakage of a lubricating layer and a structure having a sliding portion, for example, a method for suppressing breakage of a lubricating layer and a structure having a sliding portion at the time of sliding start of a bearing.
自動車や各種機械装置には、摺動部を有する構造体として軸受や歯車，カム・タペットなどが用いられている。こうした構造体の摺動部には、多くの場合、双方の潤滑面（以下「摺動面」ということがある）が近接している潤滑部が設けられ、その潤滑性を維持するために、潤滑油やグリース等からなる潤滑層が形成されている。 In automobiles and various mechanical devices, bearings, gears, cams, tappets, and the like are used as structures having sliding portions. In many cases, the sliding portion of such a structure is provided with a lubricating portion in which both lubrication surfaces (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “sliding surfaces”) are close to each other. A lubricating layer made of lubricating oil or grease is formed.
しかしながら、こうした構成においては、以下のような問題があった。
（ｉ）十分な潤滑油が無い状態で起動した場合には、摺動面の突起接触部での局所的な油膜の破断に伴う摺動面同士の直接接触（金属接触）や摺動面の破損等を引き起こす要因となっている。
（ii）また、潤滑層の膜厚は、摺動部における摺動面の移動速度や加速度もしくは潤滑面の状況により変化する。特に、起動時（摺動始動時）のような極低速状態では、油膜が薄くなるため、潤滑面同士の直接接触の可能性が高まる。
（iii）さらに、こうした課題は、特に自動車等最先端分野において著しい。つまり、高効率化のために、高速・高面圧の下、微量な低粘度油により潤滑される傾向にある。間欠的な停止と始動を繰り返すアイドリングストップ機能の採用やハイブリッド自動車の普及により、エンジンの摺動面は、十分な潤滑油が無い状態での始動を強いられる場面を増している。特に、始動時の摺動面では、突起接触部での局所的な油膜の破断だけではなく、潤滑油の不足による広領域での空洞や微小な気泡が残存することも多いため、それらを起点として容易にキャビティが発生・成長し、摺動面が損傷を受ける危険性が高くなる。
（iｖ）このような過酷な条件での潤滑状態の改善や摺動面損傷の回避方法としては、現状摺動部の材質の変更もしくは各種添加剤による低摩擦反応膜や硬質炭素膜（ＤＬＣ）等のコーティング膜の形成が主流であり、キャビティの発生・成長の抑制や排除による根本的な改善を検討した研究は殆どなかった。
However, such a configuration has the following problems.
(I) When starting in the absence of sufficient lubricating oil, direct contact (metal contact) between the sliding surfaces due to local oil film breakage at the protrusion contact portion of the sliding surface or sliding surface This is a factor causing damage.
(Ii) Further, the thickness of the lubricating layer varies depending on the moving speed and acceleration of the sliding surface in the sliding portion or the condition of the lubricating surface. In particular, in an extremely low speed state such as at the time of starting (at the time of sliding start), the oil film becomes thin, so that the possibility of direct contact between the lubricated surfaces increases.
(Iii) Furthermore, such problems are particularly remarkable in the most advanced fields such as automobiles. In other words, in order to increase efficiency, there is a tendency to lubricate with a small amount of low-viscosity oil under high speed and high surface pressure. Due to the adoption of an idling stop function that repeats intermittent stop and start and the spread of hybrid vehicles, the sliding surface of the engine is increasingly forced to start without sufficient lubricating oil. In particular, on the sliding surface at the start, not only local oil film breakage at the protrusion contact part, but also cavities and minute bubbles in a wide area due to lack of lubricating oil often remain. As a result, cavities are easily generated and grown, and the risk of damage to the sliding surface increases.
(Iv) Improvement of lubrication under such severe conditions and avoidance of sliding surface damage include changing the material of the current sliding part or using a low friction reaction film or hard carbon film (DLC) with various additives. The formation of such coating films is the mainstream, and few studies have investigated fundamental improvements by suppressing or eliminating the generation and growth of cavities.
本発明は、上記実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、複雑な構造や特殊な材料や処理を行わずに、潤滑部における油膜等でのキャビティの発生・成長の抑制や排除を図り、潤滑層の破断を未然に抑制する方法およびこうした構成を有する摺動部を備えた構造体を提供することである。特に、気泡と液体が混在する潤滑層を有する摺動部を備えた構造体において、摺動始動時における潤滑層の破断抑制方法およびこれを実現できる摺動部を有する構造体を提供することである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to suppress or eliminate the generation / growth of cavities in the oil film or the like in the lubrication part without performing complicated structures or special materials or processing. In other words, the present invention provides a method for suppressing breakage of a lubricating layer and a structure including a sliding portion having such a configuration. In particular, in a structure having a sliding portion having a lubricating layer in which bubbles and liquid are mixed, by providing a method for suppressing the breakage of the lubricating layer at the time of sliding start and a structure having a sliding portion capable of realizing this is there.
本発明者らは、鋭意研究を重ねた結果、以下に示す潤滑層の破断抑制方法および摺動部を有する構造体によって、上記目的を達成できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに到った。 As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by the following method for suppressing the breakage of the lubricating layer and the structure having a sliding portion, and have completed the present invention.
本発明に係る潤滑層の破断抑制方法は、気泡と液体が混在する潤滑層を介して近接する領域を有する第１摺動面および第２摺動面を備え、移動するこれら摺動面の少なくとも一方に、第１領域とこれに隣接する第２領域を形成し、
該第１領域には表面エネルギーの高い親油性もしくは親水性を有する表面を作製し、該第２領域には第１領域よりも表面エネルギーの低い親油性もしくは親水性を有する表面または撥油性もしくは撥水性を有する表面を作製し、
前記第１摺動面と第２摺動面の近接領域にある第１領域と第２領域の境界において表面エネルギーが異なる界面を形成し、該界面を摺動面の移動方向に対して鋭角方向に配置することにより、
表面エネルギーの高い該第１領域への迅速で深い液体の浸透を可能にするとともに、
摺動始動時に、前記界面の移動に伴い、摺動停止時に前記潤滑層中に存在した気泡からなるキャビティを表面エネルギーの低い第２領域に集積保持して移動させ、前記潤滑層中のキャビティを第１摺動面と第２摺動面の近接領域外に排出することを特徴とする。
The method for suppressing breakage of a lubricating layer according to the present invention includes a first sliding surface and a second sliding surface having areas close to each other through a lubricating layer in which bubbles and liquid are mixed, and at least of these sliding surfaces that move. On one side, a first region and a second region adjacent thereto are formed,
A surface having high lipophilicity or hydrophilicity with a high surface energy is prepared in the first region, and a surface having lipophilicity or hydrophilicity having a lower surface energy than that of the first region or an oil repellency or repellency in the second region. Make a surface with water,
An interface having different surface energy is formed at the boundary between the first region and the second region in the proximity region of the first sliding surface and the second sliding surface, and the interface is in an acute angle direction with respect to the moving direction of the sliding surface. By placing in
Enabling rapid and deep liquid penetration into the first region with high surface energy,
At the time of sliding start, along with the movement of the interface, the cavities made of bubbles that existed in the lubricating layer at the time of sliding stop are accumulated and held in the second region having a low surface energy, and the cavities in the lubricating layer are moved. It discharges outside the proximity area of the 1st sliding surface and the 2nd sliding surface.
また、本発明に係る摺動部を有する構造体は、気泡と液体が混在する潤滑層を介して近接する領域を有する第１摺動面および第２摺動面を備え、移動するこれら摺動面の少なくとも一方に、表面エネルギーの高い親油性もしくは親水性を有する表面が作製された第１領域と、該第１領域よりも表面エネルギーの低い親油性もしくは親水性を有する表面または撥油性もしくは撥水性を有する表面が作製された第２領域を隣接して配置して、その境界において表面エネルギーが異なる界面を形成し、該界面を摺動面の移動方向に対して鋭角方向に配置することにより、表面エネルギーの高い該第１領域への迅速で深い液体の浸透を可能にするとともに、
摺動始動時の該界面の移動に伴い、摺動停止時に前記潤滑層中に存在した気泡からなるキャビティを表面エネルギーの低い第２領域に集積保持して移動させ、前記第１摺動面と第２摺動面の近接領域外に排出することを特徴とする。
In addition, the structure having the sliding portion according to the present invention includes the first sliding surface and the second sliding surface having areas close to each other through the lubrication layer in which bubbles and liquid are mixed, and these sliding to move. A first region in which a surface having a high lipophilicity or hydrophilicity with a high surface energy is formed on at least one of the surfaces, a surface having a lipophilicity or hydrophilicity having a surface energy lower than that of the first region, or an oil-repellent or repellent By disposing the second region where the surface having water is formed adjacent to each other, forming an interface having different surface energy at the boundary, and arranging the interface in an acute angle direction with respect to the moving direction of the sliding surface Allowing rapid and deep liquid penetration into the first region with high surface energy,
Along with the movement of the interface at the start of sliding, the cavities made of bubbles that existed in the lubricating layer at the time of sliding stop are accumulated and held in the second region having a low surface energy, and the first sliding surface and Discharging outside the proximity area of the second sliding surface is characterized.
摺動部における潤滑性を確保するために導入される潤滑油中には、潤滑油の貯留状態において内在する気泡等や摺動部に導入される移送流路において取り込みもしくは発生によって混在する気泡等以外に、摺動部の潤滑面（摺動面）に初期的に存在する気泡等様々なキャビティが含まれる。こうしたキャビティは、特に摺動始動時に摺動面に集合しやすいと同時に、細かな気泡は摺動面に付着しやすく、また付着した状態から殆ど移動しない場合や大きく成長する場合も多く、潤滑性の悪化や摺動面の損傷の原因となる。本発明者は、種々の検証の結果、
（ａ）摺動面において、表面エネルギーの相違によって潤滑油の移動速度に差を設けることができること、特に、表面エネルギーの異なる隣接する領域の境界に界面が形成された場合には、表面エネルギーの高い領域への迅速で深い潤滑油の浸透が生じること、
（ｂ）また、細かな気泡等からなるキャビティに対しても、摺動面における表面エネルギーの差によって、その集積機能や保持機能に差が生じること、特に、表面エネルギーの低い領域において高い集積機能や保持機能を有し、集積・拡大した気泡は，表面エネルギーの低い領域での接触面積が大きくなるため，その表面への保持力が微小気泡より大きくなること、
（ｃ）隣接する領域との境界において生じる界面による表面エネルギーの高い領域への迅速で深い潤滑油の浸透は、摺動面の移動による界面の移動に伴い、キャビティ特に気泡の種に対して移動を促す機能があること、
（ｄ）隣接する領域の境界に形成された界面が摺動面の移動方向に対して鋭角方向に配置された場合、摺動面の移動による界面の移動に伴い、表面エネルギーの低い領域において集積・保持されたキャビティに対して，摺動面の移動方向だけでなく傾いた界面方向の力が作用し、徐々に集積され移動すること、
を見出した。本発明は、こうした知見を基に、表面エネルギーの異なる２つの領域を摺動面に設け、上記（ａ）〜（ｄ）の機能を確保することができる潤滑油に対する異なる「親油性もしくは親水性または撥油性もしくは撥水性」（以下「親油特性」ということがある）を有する領域を形成することによって、特に摺動始動時における上記課題を解消し、潤滑部における油膜等でのキャビティの発生・成長の抑制や排除を図り、潤滑層の破断を未然に抑制する方法およびこうした構成を有する摺動部を備えた構造体を提供することを可能にした。
In the lubricating oil introduced to ensure lubricity in the sliding portion, there are bubbles that are inherent in the storage state of the lubricating oil, and bubbles that are mixed in or taken in the transfer channel introduced into the sliding portion, etc. In addition, various cavities such as bubbles initially present on the lubrication surface (sliding surface) of the sliding portion are included. These cavities tend to gather on the sliding surface, especially at the start of sliding, and at the same time, fine bubbles tend to adhere to the sliding surface, and they often move little or grow large from the attached state. Cause deterioration of the surface and damage to the sliding surface. As a result of various verifications, the present inventor
(A) On the sliding surface, it is possible to provide a difference in the moving speed of the lubricating oil due to the difference in surface energy. In particular, when an interface is formed at the boundary between adjacent regions having different surface energies, The rapid and deep penetration of the lubricant into the high area occurs,
(B) Also, even for cavities composed of fine bubbles, etc., the difference in surface energy on the sliding surface results in a difference in the accumulation function and holding function, especially in the region with low surface energy. Since the bubble that has accumulated and expanded and has a holding function has a larger contact area in the low surface energy region, the holding force on the surface is larger than that of the microbubble,
(C) The rapid and deep penetration of the lubricating oil into the high surface energy region due to the interface generated at the boundary with the adjacent region moves with respect to the cavity, particularly the bubble seed, as the interface moves due to the movement of the sliding surface. Has the ability to encourage
(D) When the interface formed at the boundary between adjacent regions is arranged in an acute angle direction with respect to the moving direction of the sliding surface, it accumulates in a region having a low surface energy as the interface moves due to the moving sliding surface.・ A force in the inclined interface direction acts on the held cavity as well as the moving direction of the sliding surface, and gradually accumulates and moves.
I found. Based on such knowledge, the present invention provides two regions having different surface energies on the sliding surface, and different “lipophilicity or hydrophilicity” with respect to the lubricating oil that can ensure the functions (a) to (d) above. Or, by forming a region having “oil repellency or water repellency” (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “lipophilic properties”), the above problems at the time of sliding start are solved, and a cavity is generated in an oil film or the like in the lubrication part. The present invention has made it possible to provide a structure including a sliding part having such a method and a method for suppressing the breakage of the lubricating layer in advance by suppressing or eliminating the growth.
本発明は、上記摺動部を有する構造体であって、前記第１領域および第２領域が、（１）親油性もしくは親水性または撥油性もしくは撥水性を有する物質もしくは塗布膜の有無、（２）化学的な親油処理もしくは親水処理または撥油処理もしくは撥水処理の有無、または（３）表面多孔性の差異や凹み部への撥油性もしくは撥水性の付与の有無、のいずれかまたはこれらのうちのいくつかの組合せにより、異なる親油性もしくは親水性または撥油性もしくは撥水性を有するように形成されたことを特徴とする。
上記のような検証過程において、本発明者は、さらに、こうした機能を有する表面エネルギーの異なる２つの領域の形成は、物理的な手法のみならず化学的な手法を用いても実現することができるとの知見を得た。具体的には、摺動面を構成する２つの領域における、（１）親油特性を有する物質もしくは塗布膜の有無、（２）化学的な「親油処理もしくは親水処理または撥油処理もしくは撥水処理」（以下「親油特性処理」ということがある）の有無、または（３）表面多孔性の差異や凹み部への撥油性もしくは撥水性の付与の有無、のいずれかまたはこれらのうちのいくつかの組合せによって実現することができる。
The present invention is a structure having the above sliding portion, wherein the first region and the second region are (1) presence or absence of a lipophilic or hydrophilic or oil-repellent or water-repellent substance or coating film, 2) Either chemical lipophilic treatment or hydrophilic treatment or oil repellent treatment or water repellent treatment, or (3) difference in surface porosity or presence or absence of imparting oil repellency or water repellency to the dents or A combination of some of these is characterized by having different lipophilicity or hydrophilicity or oil repellency or water repellency.
In the verification process as described above, the present inventor can further realize the formation of two regions having such functions having different surface energies using not only a physical method but also a chemical method. And gained knowledge. Specifically, in two regions constituting the sliding surface, (1) presence or absence of a substance having a lipophilic property or a coating film, (2) chemical “lipophilic treatment or hydrophilic treatment or oil repellent treatment or repellent Presence or absence of “water treatment” (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “lipophilic property treatment”), or (3) difference in surface porosity and presence or absence of imparting oil repellency or water repellency to the dents, or of these It can be realized by some combination of.
＜本発明に係る潤滑層の破断抑制方法＞
本発明に係る潤滑層の破断抑制方法（以下「本抑制方法」という）は、気泡と液体が混在する潤滑層を介して近接する領域を有する第１摺動面および第２摺動面を備え、移動するこれら摺動面の少なくとも一方に、第１領域とこれに隣接する第２領域を形成し、第１領域には表面エネルギーの高い親油性もしくは親水性を有する表面を作製し、第２領域には第１領域よりも表面エネルギーの低い親油性もしくは親水性を有する表面または撥油性もしくは撥水性を有する表面を作製し、第１摺動面と第２摺動面の近接領域にある第１領域と第２領域の境界において表面エネルギーが異なる界面を形成し、界面を摺動面の移動方向に対して鋭角方向に配置することにより、表面エネルギーの高い第１領域への迅速で深い液体の浸透を可能にするとともに、摺動始動時に、界面の移動に伴い、摺動停止時に潤滑層中に存在した気泡からなるキャビティを表面エネルギーの低い第２領域に集積保持して移動させ、潤滑層中のキャビティを第１摺動面と第２摺動面の近接領域外に排出することを特徴とする。以下、本抑制方法の動作原理につき図面を用いて説明する。なお、以下では「液体」として「潤滑油」を用いた場合について説明するが、構造体の摺動部の使用条件に合った「液体」として、各種溶媒あるいは水が用いられることがある。
<Method for suppressing breakage of lubricating layer according to the present invention>
A lubrication layer breakage suppression method according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “the present suppression method”) includes a first sliding surface and a second sliding surface having regions adjacent to each other through a lubrication layer in which bubbles and liquid are mixed. The first region and the second region adjacent to the first region are formed on at least one of the moving sliding surfaces, and a surface having high surface energy and lipophilicity or hydrophilicity is formed in the first region, In the region, a surface having lipophilicity or hydrophilicity having a lower surface energy than that of the first region or a surface having oil repellency or water repellency is produced, and the first sliding surface and the second sliding surface are adjacent to each other. By forming an interface having different surface energy at the boundary between the first region and the second region and arranging the interface in an acute angle direction with respect to the moving direction of the sliding surface, a rapid and deep liquid to the first region having a high surface energy Allowing the penetration of In addition, at the start of sliding, along with the movement of the interface, the cavities made of bubbles that existed in the lubricating layer when the sliding stopped are accumulated and held in the second region having a low surface energy, and the cavities in the lubricating layer are moved. It discharges outside the proximity area of the 1st sliding surface and the 2nd sliding surface. Hereinafter, the operation principle of the present suppression method will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the case where “lubricating oil” is used as the “liquid” will be described. However, various solvents or water may be used as the “liquid” that matches the use conditions of the sliding portion of the structure.
〔原理について〕
最初に、図１（Ａ）に例示するような潤滑層Ｌを介して近接する領域Ｒｎを有する第１摺動面Ｆａおよび第２摺動面Ｆｂを備えた摺動部Ｓを有する構造体において、潤滑層Ｌ中に存在するキャビティを近接領域Ｒｎ外に排出する本抑制方法の動作原理を説明する。摺動面の少なくとも一方、ここでは第１摺動面Ｆａに、図１（Ｂ）に例示するようにその表面に表面エネルギーの高い親油性もしくは親水性を有する表面が作製された第１領域Ｒａと、第１領域Ｒａよりも表面エネルギーの低い親油特性を有する表面が作製された第２領域Ｒｂを隣接して配置し、該第１摺動面Ｆａが移動する場合（Ｍ方向）について説明するが、これに限定されないことはいうまでもない。
[Principle]
First, in a structure having a sliding portion S having a first sliding surface Fa and a second sliding surface Fb having a region Rn close to each other through a lubricating layer L as illustrated in FIG. The operation principle of the present suppression method for discharging cavities existing in the lubricating layer L out of the proximity region Rn will be described. At least one of the sliding surfaces, here the first sliding surface Fa, a first region Ra in which a surface having high surface energy and lipophilicity or hydrophilicity is formed on the surface thereof as illustrated in FIG. And a case where the second region Rb on which the surface having the lipophilic property having a surface energy lower than that of the first region Ra is arranged adjacently and the first sliding face Fa moves (M direction) will be described. However, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to this.
（ａ）摺動面の移動に伴う潤滑油の移動について
摺動面における表面エネルギーの差によって、潤滑油の移動速度に差が生じる。具体的には、図１（Ｂ）中のａ−ａ断面を例示する図２（Ａ）において、第１摺動面Ｆａにおける表面エネルギーは、例えば図２（Ｂ）に例示するように、第１領域Ｒａと第２領域Ｒｂの境界において大きく変化する。このとき、潤滑層Ｌに接する第１摺動面Ｆａに設けられた第１領域Ｒａと第２領域Ｒｂにおいて、第１摺動面Ｆａの移動（Ｍ方向）に伴い、その表面エネルギーの相違によって潤滑層Ｌからの潤滑油の移動速度に差が生じ、表面エネルギーの異なる隣接する領域の境界に界面が形成された場合には、さらに潤滑油を移動させる力が生じ、表面エネルギーの高い第１領域Ｒａへの迅速で深い潤滑油の浸透が生じる。
(A) About the movement of the lubricating oil accompanying the movement of the sliding surface Due to the difference in surface energy on the sliding surface, a difference occurs in the moving speed of the lubricating oil. Specifically, in FIG. 2A illustrating the aa cross section in FIG. 1B, the surface energy at the first sliding face Fa is, for example, as illustrated in FIG. It greatly changes at the boundary between the first region Ra and the second region Rb. At this time, in the first region Ra and the second region Rb provided on the first sliding surface Fa in contact with the lubricating layer L, due to the difference in the surface energy with the movement (M direction) of the first sliding surface Fa. When a difference occurs in the moving speed of the lubricating oil from the lubricating layer L and an interface is formed at the boundary between adjacent regions having different surface energies, a force for moving the lubricating oil is further generated, and the first having a high surface energy. Rapid and deep penetration of the lubricating oil into the region Ra occurs.
（ｂ）摺動面の移動に伴うキャビティの移動について
摺動面における表面エネルギーの差によって、細かな気泡等からなるキャビティに対する集積機能や保持機能に差が生じる。具体的には、図３（Ａ）に例示するような潤滑層Ｌ中のキャビティＣおよび第１摺動面Ｆａ上のキャビティに対して、第１摺動面Ｆａの移動（Ｍ方向）に伴い、表面エネルギーの低い第２領域Ｒｂにおいて高い集積機能や保持機能が生じて、図３（Ｂ）に例示するように、第２領域Ｒａへのキャビティの集積や保持が生じ、気泡の拡大が生じる。集積・拡大した気泡は，表面エネルギーの低い領域での接触面積が大きくなるため，その表面への保持力が微小気泡より大きくなる。また、第２領域Ｒｂに集積・保持されたキャビティは、第１摺動面Ｆａに形成された第２領域Ｒｂの移動に伴い移送され、第１摺動面Ｆａと第２摺動面Ｆｂの近接領域Ｒｎ外に排出される。
(B) About movement of cavity accompanying movement of sliding surface Due to the difference in surface energy on the sliding surface, there is a difference in the accumulation function and holding function with respect to the cavity composed of fine bubbles. Specifically, with the movement (M direction) of the first sliding surface Fa with respect to the cavity C in the lubricating layer L and the cavity on the first sliding surface Fa as illustrated in FIG. In the second region Rb having a low surface energy, a high accumulation function and a retention function are generated, and as illustrated in FIG. 3B, the cavity is accumulated and retained in the second region Ra, and bubbles are expanded. . Accumulated / expanded bubbles have a larger contact area in a region with low surface energy, so the retention force on the surface is larger than that of microbubbles. The cavities accumulated and held in the second region Rb are transferred along with the movement of the second region Rb formed on the first sliding surface Fa, and the first sliding surface Fa and the second sliding surface Fb are moved. It is discharged out of the proximity region Rn.
（ｃ）摺動面の移動に伴う領域の境界の移動について
異なる表面エネルギーを有する所定の領域とこれに隣接する領域との境界は、両領域を隣接させることによって、上記（ａ）における潤滑油の移動速度の差を拡大し、潤滑油の移動速度に対して界面を形成すると同時に、上記（ｂ）におけるキャビティＣに対しても集積機能や保持機能の差を拡大し、集積・保持機能に対して界面を形成する。こうした界面は、摺動面（第１摺動面Ｆａ）の移動に伴い潤滑層Ｌ中を移動することによって、移動方向Ｍと同方向の潤滑油の移動を促進し、逆方向の移動を抑制する。これによって界面を介した移動方向Ｍと同方向の潤滑油を移動させる力が生じ、移動速度の差をより拡大し、そこでのキャビティＣに対する集積・保持機能をより拡大するとともに、第１摺動面Ｆａの移動方向Ｍに沿ってキャビティＣを移送させる機能を生じさせる。特に、親油性もしくは第一摺動面上の表面エネルギーの低い第２領域Ｒｂよりも高い表面エネルギーを有する固定面上に付着しやすい気泡の種に対して移動を促す機能があり、気泡の集積・拡大がさらに促進される。第２領域Ｒｂに集積・保持されたキャビティＣは、第１摺動面Ｆａに形成された界面の移動に伴い移送されることによって、第１摺動面Ｆａと第２摺動面Ｆｂの近接領域Ｒｎ外に排出される。
(C) About movement of boundary of area | region accompanying movement of sliding surface The boundary of the predetermined area | region which has different surface energy, and the area | region adjacent to this is made into the lubricating oil in said (a) by adjoining both area | regions. The difference between the moving speeds of the lubricant oil is increased to form an interface with respect to the moving speed of the lubricating oil. In contrast, an interface is formed. Such an interface promotes the movement of the lubricating oil in the same direction as the moving direction M and suppresses the movement in the reverse direction by moving in the lubricating layer L along with the movement of the sliding surface (first sliding surface Fa). To do. As a result, a force for moving the lubricating oil in the same direction as the moving direction M via the interface is generated, the difference in moving speed is further expanded, the function of collecting and holding the cavity C there is further expanded, and the first sliding is performed. The function of moving the cavity C along the moving direction M of the surface Fa is generated. In particular, there is a function of facilitating the movement of bubble seeds that are likely to adhere on a fixed surface having a higher surface energy than the second region Rb having a low surface energy on the lipophilic or first sliding surface, and the accumulation of bubbles.・ Expansion is further promoted. The cavities C accumulated and held in the second region Rb are transferred along with the movement of the interface formed on the first sliding face Fa, thereby bringing the first sliding face Fa and the second sliding face Fb closer to each other. It is discharged outside the region Rn.
（ｄ）摺動面の移動方向と界面形成方向について
第２領域Ｒｂに集積・保持されたキャビティＣには、第１摺動面Ｆａの移動に伴い、上記（ｂ）および（ｃ）による移送させる力が働き、その力は、移動方向Ｍに対向する方向に働く。ここで、隣接する領域の境界に形成された界面が摺動面の移動方向Ｍに対して鋭角方向に配置された場合、摺動面の移動による界面の移動に伴い、表面エネルギーの低い領域において集積・保持されたキャビティＣに対して，摺動面の移動方向Ｍだけでなく、鋭角に傾いた界面に沿った方向の潤滑油を移動させる力が作用する。従って、第２領域Ｒｂに集積・保持されたキャビティＣは徐々に集積され、気泡を拡大しつつ移動し、近接領域Ｒｎ外に排出される。
(D) Sliding surface moving direction and interface forming direction In the cavity C accumulated and held in the second region Rb, the transfer by the above (b) and (c) is accompanied by the movement of the first sliding surface Fa. The force to act acts, and the force acts in the direction opposite to the moving direction M. Here, when the interface formed at the boundary of adjacent regions is arranged in an acute angle direction with respect to the moving direction M of the sliding surface, in the region with low surface energy as the interface moves due to the sliding surface movement. A force for moving the lubricating oil not only in the moving direction M of the sliding surface but also in a direction along the interface inclined at an acute angle acts on the cavity C accumulated and held. Accordingly, the cavities C accumulated and held in the second region Rb are gradually accumulated, move while expanding the bubbles, and are discharged out of the proximity region Rn.
＜本発明に係る摺動部を有する構造体＞
次に、上記本抑制方法を基に構成される本発明に係る摺動部を有する構造体（以下「本構造体」という）について説明する。本構造体は、図１（Ａ）に例示するように、気泡と液体が混在する潤滑層Ｌを介して近接する領域Ｒｎを有する第１摺動面Ｆａおよび第２摺動面Ｆｂを備えた摺動部Ｓを有する。ここで、これら摺動面の少なくとも一方が移動するとともに、移動する摺動面（ここでは、上記同様第１摺動面Ｆａの場合を説明する）に、図１（Ｂ）に例示するように、表面エネルギーの高い親油性もしくは親水性を有する表面が作製された第１領域Ｒａと、該第１領域Ｒａよりも表面エネルギーの低い親油特性を有する表面が作製された第２領域Ｒｂが隣接して配置される。第１領域Ｒａと第２領域Ｒｂは、その境界において表面エネルギーが異なる界面が形成される。
<Structure having sliding portion according to the present invention>
Next, a structure (hereinafter referred to as “the present structure”) having a sliding portion according to the present invention configured based on the present suppression method will be described. As illustrated in FIG. 1A, the structure includes a first sliding surface Fa and a second sliding surface Fb having a region Rn that is close to each other through a lubricating layer L in which bubbles and liquid are mixed. It has a sliding part S. Here, at least one of these sliding surfaces moves, and the sliding surface that moves (here, the case of the first sliding surface Fa will be described) is illustrated in FIG. The first region Ra on which a surface having high lipophilicity or hydrophilicity with a high surface energy is prepared and the second region Rb on which a surface having lipophilic properties having a surface energy lower than that of the first region Ra are adjacent to each other Arranged. In the first region Ra and the second region Rb, an interface having different surface energy is formed at the boundary.
このとき、該界面は、図４（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）に例示するように、摺動面の移動方向Ｍに対して鋭角方向（αまたはβ）に配置することが好ましい。配置の詳細は後述する。上記（ｄ）のように、表面エネルギーの高い該第１領域Ｒａへの迅速で深い液体の浸透を可能にするとともに、摺動始動時の該界面の移動に伴い、摺動停止時に潤滑層Ｌ中に存在した気泡からなるキャビティＣを表面エネルギーの低い第２領域Ｒｂに集積保持して移動させ、第１摺動面Ｆａと第２摺動面Ｆｂの近接領域Ｒｎ外に排出することができる。以下、好適な実施形態につき図面を用いて説明する。 At this time, as illustrated in FIGS. 4A to 4D, the interface is preferably disposed in an acute angle direction (α or β) with respect to the moving direction M of the sliding surface. Details of the arrangement will be described later. As shown in (d) above, it enables rapid and deep liquid penetration into the first region Ra having a high surface energy, and the lubricant layer L when the sliding is stopped due to the movement of the interface at the time of sliding start. The cavity C formed of bubbles existing therein can be accumulated and held in the second region Rb having a low surface energy, and can be discharged out of the proximity region Rn between the first sliding surface Fa and the second sliding surface Fb. . Hereinafter, preferred embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.
ここで、第１領域Ｒａおよび第２領域Ｒｂにおける表面処理について述べる。
（１）各領域表面が、親油性もしくは親水性または撥油性もしくは撥水性を有する物質を有する場合もしくはこうした物質を有する塗布膜が形成された場合をいう。例えば、親油性もしくは親水性を有する物質として黄銅や鋼等、撥油性もしくは撥水性を有する物質としてフッ素樹脂、グラファイト、ダイヤモンド、輝水鉛鉱物等が挙げられる。また、これらが塗布（コーティング）された塗布膜が形成された場合が挙げられる。
（２）各領域表面が、化学的な親油処理もしくは親水処理または撥油処理もしくは撥水処理された場合をいう。例えば、金属表面の酸処理や炭化処理もしくは窒化処理等の化学処理等が挙げられる。
（３）表面多孔性を有する場合や凹み部への撥油性もしくは撥水性を付与する場合が挙げられる。例えば、異なる特性の焼結金属やセラミックス等を組合せて表面を作製する場合が挙げられる。
（４）または、上記（１）〜（３）のうちのいくつかの組合せにより、異なる親油性もしくは親水性または撥油性もしくは撥水性を有するように形成された場合をいう。
こうした表面処理を行うことによって、表面エネルギーの異なる第１領域Ｒａおよび第２領域Ｒｂを作製することができる。
Here, the surface treatment in the first region Ra and the second region Rb will be described.
(1) The case where the surface of each region has a substance having lipophilicity or hydrophilicity, oil repellency or water repellency, or a coating film having such a substance is formed. For example, examples of the lipophilic or hydrophilic substance include brass and steel, and examples of the oil or water repellency substance include fluororesin, graphite, diamond, and bright lead mineral. Moreover, the case where the coating film by which these were apply | coated (coating) is formed is mentioned.
(2) A case where the surface of each region is subjected to chemical lipophilic treatment or hydrophilic treatment, or oil repellency treatment or water repellency treatment. For example, chemical treatment such as acid treatment, carbonization treatment or nitriding treatment of the metal surface can be mentioned.
(3) The case of having surface porosity or the case of imparting oil repellency or water repellency to the dents may be mentioned. For example, the case where the surface is produced by combining sintered metals or ceramics having different characteristics can be mentioned.
(4) Or the case where it formed so that it might have different lipophilicity or hydrophilicity or oil repellency or water repellency by some combination of said (1)-(3).
By performing such surface treatment, the first region Ra and the second region Rb having different surface energies can be produced.
移動する摺動面に形成する第１領域Ｒａと第２領域Ｒｂは、図４（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）に例示するように、摺動面の移動方向Ｍに対して鋭角方向（αまたはβ）に配置することが好ましい。ここで、鋭角とは２°以上４５°以下をいう。２°未満の場合には移動方向Ｍと同じ方向となり、摺動面の移動に伴う第１領域Ｒａと第２領域Ｒｂの境界に形成された界面による潤滑油およびキャビティの移動機能が得られ難く、４５°を超える場合には第１領域Ｒａ内での潤滑油の移動機能と第２領域Ｒｂ内でのキャビティの移動機能が得られない。 As illustrated in FIGS. 4A to 4D, the first region Ra and the second region Rb formed on the moving sliding surface are in an acute angle direction (α or β) with respect to the moving direction M of the sliding surface. ) Is preferable. Here, the acute angle means 2 ° or more and 45 ° or less. When the angle is less than 2 °, the direction is the same as the moving direction M, and it is difficult to obtain the function of moving the lubricating oil and the cavity by the interface formed at the boundary between the first region Ra and the second region Rb as the sliding surface moves. If the angle exceeds 45 °, the function of moving the lubricating oil in the first region Ra and the function of moving the cavity in the second region Rb cannot be obtained.
図４（Ａ）は、複数の第１領域Ｒａと第２領域Ｒｂを、帯状に隣接して配置するとともに、長さ方向を摺動面の移動方向Ｍに対して鋭角（α）となるように形成されている構成を例示する。摺動面の移動に伴う、潤滑層Ｌ全体の移動とともに、界面が形成された第１領域Ｒａへの潤滑層Ｌ中の潤滑油の移動が生じる。潤滑層Ｌ中を移動する潤滑油は、負荷を少なくするように移動方向Ｍに対する鋭角α方向に移動する。潤滑層Ｌ中のキャビティも同様に、摺動面の移動に伴い、境界の一方で第２領域Ｒｂへの集積・保持が促進されるとともに、他方の境界を回避するように負荷の少ない第２領域Ｒｂ内のα方向に移動する。第２領域Ｒｂに集積・保持されたキャビティＣは、第２領域Ｒｂの移動に伴い移送されとともに、さらに第２領域Ｒｂ内のα方向に移動し、第１摺動面Ｆａと第２摺動面Ｆｂの近接領域Ｒｎ外に排出される。また、第１領域Ｒａと第２領域Ｒｂの幅（α方向に垂直方向の長さ）を調整することによって、潤滑油およびキャビティＣの移動速度、もしくはキャビティＣの集積・保持機能を変更することができる。 In FIG. 4A, a plurality of first regions Ra and second regions Rb are arranged adjacent to each other in a strip shape, and the length direction is an acute angle (α) with respect to the moving direction M of the sliding surface. An example of the configuration formed in FIG. As the sliding surface moves, the entire lubricating layer L moves, and the lubricating oil in the lubricating layer L moves to the first region Ra where the interface is formed. The lubricating oil moving in the lubricating layer L moves in the acute angle α direction with respect to the moving direction M so as to reduce the load. Similarly, in the cavity in the lubricating layer L, as the sliding surface moves, the accumulation / retention in the second region Rb is promoted on one side of the boundary, and the second load is low so as to avoid the other boundary. It moves in the α direction in the region Rb. The cavity C accumulated and held in the second region Rb is transferred along with the movement of the second region Rb, and further moved in the α direction in the second region Rb, so that the first sliding surface Fa and the second sliding surface are moved. It is discharged out of the proximity region Rn of the surface Fb. Also, by changing the width of the first region Ra and the second region Rb (length in the direction perpendicular to the α direction), the moving speed of the lubricating oil and the cavity C, or the accumulation / holding function of the cavity C is changed. Can do.
図４（Ｂ）は、複数の第１領域Ｒａと第２領域Ｒｂを、帯状に隣接して配置するとともに、摺動面の移動方向Ｍに対して鋭角αおよび鋭角βの境界を有するＶ形もしくはこれに近い形状となるように形成されている構成を例示する。摺動面の移動に伴う、潤滑層全体の移動とともに、界面が形成された第１領域Ｒａへの潤滑層Ｌ中の潤滑油の移動が生じる。潤滑層Ｌ中を移動する潤滑油は、負荷を少なくするように移動方向Ｍに対する鋭角α方向もしくはβ方向に移動する。潤滑層Ｌ中のキャビティも同様に、摺動面の移動に伴い、境界の一方で第２領域Ｒｂへの集積・保持が促進されるとともに、他方の境界を回避するように負荷の少ない第２領域Ｒｂ内のα方向もしくはβ方向に移動する。第２領域Ｒｂに集積・保持されたキャビティＣは、第２領域Ｒｂの移動に伴い移送されとともに、さらに第２領域Ｒｂ内のα方向もしくはβ方向に移動し、第１摺動面Ｆａと第２摺動面Ｆｂの近接領域Ｒｎ外に排出される。また、第１領域Ｒａと第２領域Ｒｂの幅（α方向もしくはβ方向に垂直方向の長さ）を調整することによって、潤滑油およびキャビティＣの移動速度、もしくはキャビティＣの集積・保持機能を変更することができる。さらに、摺動面が平面からの傾斜を有する場合もしくは近接領域Ｒｎにおける第１摺動面Ｆａと第２摺動面Ｆｂの傾斜角度に相違がある場合等には、鋭角αとβの大きさを変更し調整することによって、よりキャビティＣの近接領域Ｒｎ外への排出機能を高めることができる。 FIG. 4B shows a V shape in which a plurality of first regions Ra and second regions Rb are arranged adjacent to each other in a strip shape and have a boundary of an acute angle α and an acute angle β with respect to the moving direction M of the sliding surface. Or the structure currently formed so that it may become a shape close | similar to this is illustrated. As the sliding surface moves, the entire lubricating layer moves, and the lubricating oil in the lubricating layer L moves to the first region Ra where the interface is formed. The lubricating oil moving in the lubricating layer L moves in the acute angle α direction or β direction with respect to the moving direction M so as to reduce the load. Similarly, in the cavity in the lubricating layer L, as the sliding surface moves, the accumulation / retention in the second region Rb is promoted on one side of the boundary, and the second load is low so as to avoid the other boundary. It moves in the α direction or β direction in the region Rb. The cavity C accumulated and held in the second region Rb is transferred along with the movement of the second region Rb, and further moved in the α direction or β direction in the second region Rb, so that the first sliding surface Fa and the first 2 is discharged out of the proximity region Rn of the sliding surface Fb. Further, by adjusting the width of the first region Ra and the second region Rb (length in the direction perpendicular to the α direction or β direction), the moving speed of the lubricating oil and the cavity C, or the function of collecting and holding the cavity C can be improved. Can be changed. Further, when the sliding surface has an inclination from the plane, or when there is a difference in the inclination angle of the first sliding surface Fa and the second sliding surface Fb in the proximity region Rn, the magnitudes of the acute angles α and β are large. By changing and adjusting, the discharge function to the outside of the proximity region Rn of the cavity C can be enhanced.
図４（Ｃ）は、複数の第１領域Ｒａと第２領域Ｒｂを、摺動面の移動方向Ｍに対して２つ鋭角（αおよびβ）となるように、格子状に隣接して配置されている構成を例示する。摺動面の移動に伴う、潤滑層Ｌ全体の移動とともに、界面が形成された第１領域Ｒａへの潤滑層Ｌ中の潤滑油の移動が生じる。このとき、第１領域Ｒａと第２領域Ｒｂの境界には移動方向Ｍに対して鋭角αおよびβを有する界面が発生し、１の第１領域Ｒａへ移動した潤滑油は、該第１領域Ｒａでは該界面に沿って移動する。該第１領域Ｒａから第２領域Ｒｂへの移動は界面によって律速するが、該第１領域Ｒａの端部では２つの第２領域Ｒｂと隣接する他の第１領域Ｒａと隣接することから該端部に移動した潤滑油は、容易に他の第１領域Ｒａに移動する。潤滑層Ｌ中のキャビティＣも同様に、摺動面の移動に伴い、１の第２領域Ｒｂへの集積・保持が促進されるとともに、該第２領域Ｒｂでは界面に沿った方向の潤滑油を移動させる力が作用し、負荷の少ないαおよびβ方向に移動しながら気泡が拡大する。第２領域Ｒｂに集積・保持されたキャビティは、第２領域Ｒｂの移動に伴い移送されとともに、さらに第２領域Ｒｂ内のαおよびβ方向に移動し、第１摺動面Ｆａと第２摺動面Ｆｂの近接領域Ｒｎ外に排出される。 In FIG. 4C, a plurality of first regions Ra and second regions Rb are arranged adjacent to each other in a lattice shape so as to have two acute angles (α and β) with respect to the moving direction M of the sliding surface. The structure which is made is illustrated. As the sliding surface moves, the entire lubricating layer L moves, and the lubricating oil in the lubricating layer L moves to the first region Ra where the interface is formed. At this time, an interface having acute angles α and β with respect to the moving direction M is generated at the boundary between the first region Ra and the second region Rb, and the lubricating oil that has moved to one first region Ra Ra moves along the interface. Although the movement from the first region Ra to the second region Rb is rate-controlled by the interface, the end of the first region Ra is adjacent to the other first regions Ra adjacent to the two second regions Rb. The lubricating oil that has moved to the end easily moves to the other first region Ra. Similarly, the cavity C in the lubricating layer L is also promoted to be accumulated and held in one second region Rb with the movement of the sliding surface, and in the second region Rb, the lubricating oil in the direction along the interface The force that moves is applied, and the bubbles expand while moving in the α and β directions with less load. The cavities accumulated and held in the second region Rb are transferred along with the movement of the second region Rb, and further moved in the α and β directions in the second region Rb, so that the first sliding face Fa and the second sliding surface are moved. It is discharged out of the proximity region Rn of the moving surface Fb.
図４（Ｄ）は、図４（Ｃ）において、第１領域Ｒａの大きさを第２領域Ｒｂよりも小さくし、第１領域Ｒａ同士の隣接を回避して配置されている構成を例示する。摺動面の移動に伴う、潤滑層Ｌ全体の移動とともに、界面が形成された第１領域Ｒａへの潤滑層Ｌ中の潤滑油の移動が生じる。潤滑層Ｌ中を移動する潤滑油は、移動方向Ｍに対する鋭角方向（αおよびβ方向）に移動することによって負荷を少なくし、第２領域Ｒｂを介して第１領域Ｒａに移動する。潤滑層Ｌ中のキャビティは、摺動面の移動に伴い、境界の一方で第２領域Ｒｂへの集積・保持が促進されるとともに、αおよびβ方向のみならず負荷の少ない多方向に移動する。第２領域Ｒｂに集積・保持されたキャビティは、第２領域Ｒｂの移動に伴い移送されとともに、さらに第２領域Ｒｂ内のαおよびβ方向のみならず負荷の少ない多方向に移動し、第１摺動面Ｆａと第２摺動面Ｆｂの近接領域Ｒｎ外に排出される。 FIG. 4D illustrates a configuration in which the size of the first region Ra is smaller than that of the second region Rb in FIG. 4C and the adjacent regions of the first regions Ra are avoided. . As the sliding surface moves, the entire lubricating layer L moves, and the lubricating oil in the lubricating layer L moves to the first region Ra where the interface is formed. The lubricating oil moving through the lubricating layer L moves in an acute angle direction (α and β directions) with respect to the moving direction M, thereby reducing the load and moving to the first region Ra via the second region Rb. As the sliding surface moves, the cavity in the lubricating layer L promotes accumulation and holding in the second region Rb on the one side of the boundary, and moves not only in the α and β directions but also in many directions with less load. . The cavities accumulated and held in the second region Rb are transferred along with the movement of the second region Rb, and are moved not only in the α and β directions in the second region Rb but also in multiple directions with less load. It is discharged out of the proximity region Rn between the sliding surface Fa and the second sliding surface Fb.
また、図４（Ｄ）に例示された構成同様第１領域Ｒａ同士の隣接を回避して配置するとともに、逆に第１領域Ｒａの大きさを第２領域Ｒｂよりも大きく形成することによって、潤滑油が第１摺動面Ｆａ全体に広く浸透させることができる構成（図示せず）も好ましい場合がある。第２領域Ｒｂを小さくすることによって、キャビティＣの集積度を高くし、気泡の拡大を促進することができ、効率よくキャビティＣの近接領域Ｒｎ外に排出される。 Further, similarly to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 4D, the first regions Ra are disposed adjacent to each other while being adjacent to each other, and conversely, the size of the first region Ra is formed larger than the second region Rb. A configuration (not shown) in which the lubricating oil can permeate the entire first sliding face Fa widely may be preferable. By reducing the second region Rb, the degree of integration of the cavity C can be increased and the expansion of bubbles can be promoted, and the air is efficiently discharged out of the adjacent region Rn of the cavity C.
Ｃ キャビティ
Ｆａ 第１摺動面
Ｆｂ 第２摺動面
Ｌ 潤滑層
Ｍ 摺動面の移動方向
Ｒａ 第１領域
Ｒｂ 第２領域
Ｒｎ 近接領域
Ｓ 摺動部
C Cavity Fa First sliding surface Fb Second sliding surface L Lubrication layer M Sliding surface moving direction Ra First region Rb Second region Rn Proximity region S Sliding part
Claims (2)
移動するこれら摺動面の少なくとも一方に、
（１）親油性もしくは親水性または撥油性もしくは撥水性を有する物質を有する領域もしくはこうした物質を有する塗布膜が形成された領域を形成する、または
（２）化学的な親油処理もしくは親水処理または撥油処理もしくは撥水処理された領域を形成する、
いずれかの表面処理によって表面エネルギーの異なる領域を形成し、第１領域として表面エネルギーの高い親油性もしくは親水性を有する表面を作製し、第２領域として該第１領域よりも表面エネルギーの低い親油性もしくは親水性を有する表面または撥油性もしくは撥水性を有する表面を作製し、
同一摺動面に前記第１領域と前記第２領域を隣接して形成することによって、
前記摺動面の移動に伴い、
（ａ）同一摺動面に表面エネルギーの異なるように作製された第１領域とこれに隣接する第２領域における前記表面エネルギーの差によって生じる前記液体の移動速度の差により前記第１領域への迅速で深い潤滑油の浸透が生じ、
（ｂ）前記表面エネルギーの差によって生じる前記気泡等からなるキャビティに対する集積機能や保持機能の差により前記第２領域へのキャビティの集積や保持が生じて気泡の拡大が生じ、該第２領域に集積・保持されたキャビティは、摺動面の移動に伴う第２領域の移動により移送され、前記近接した領域外に排出され、
（ｃ）異なる表面エネルギーを有する所定の領域とこれに隣接する領域との境界において、前記潤滑油の移動速度の差を拡大し、潤滑油の移動速度に対して界面を形成すると同時に、前記キャビティに対する集積機能や保持機能の差を拡大し、集積・保持機能に対して界面を形成することによって、摺動面の移動に伴う該界面の移動により、移動方向と同方向の潤滑油およびキャビティの移動を促進し、気泡の集積・拡大がさらに促進され、
前記第１摺動面と第２摺動面の近接領域にある第１領域と第２領域の境界において表面エネルギーが異なる界面を形成し、該界面を摺動面の移動方向に対して鋭角方向に配置することにより、
（ｄ）前記界面が摺動面の移動方向に対して鋭角方向に移動することにより、表面エネルギーの高い該第１領域への迅速で深い液体の浸透を可能にするとともに、摺動始動時に、前記界面の移動に伴い、摺動停止時に前記潤滑層中に存在した気泡からなるキャビティを表面エネルギーの低い第２領域に集積保持して移動させ、前記潤滑層中のキャビティを第１摺動面と第２摺動面の近接領域外に排出する
ことを特徴とする潤滑層の破断抑制方法。 Comprising a first sliding surface and a second sliding surface having regions close to each other through a lubricating layer in which bubbles and liquid are mixed;
At least one of these sliding surfaces that move,
(1) forming a region having a lipophilic or hydrophilic or oil-repellent or water-repellent substance or a region where a coating film having such a substance is formed; or
(2) forming a chemically oleophilic or hydrophilic treatment or oil or water repellency treated region;
Either to form regions with different surface energy by surface treatment, a surface having a high lipophilicity or hydrophilicity of the surface energy as the first region to produce the parent low surface energy than the first area as the second area Create an oily or hydrophilic surface or an oil or water repellent surface ,
By forming the first region and the second region adjacent to each other on the same sliding surface,
With the movement of the sliding surface,
(A) Due to the difference in the moving speed of the liquid caused by the difference in the surface energy between the first region prepared so that the surface energy is different on the same sliding surface and the second region adjacent to the first region, Rapid and deep penetration of the lubricant occurs,
(B) The accumulation and retention of the cavity in the second region is caused by the difference in the accumulation function and the retention function with respect to the cavity composed of the bubbles and the like caused by the difference in surface energy, and the expansion of the bubbles occurs in the second region The accumulated and held cavities are transferred by the movement of the second region as the sliding surface moves, and are discharged out of the adjacent region.
(C) At the boundary between a predetermined region having different surface energy and a region adjacent thereto, the difference in the moving speed of the lubricating oil is enlarged to form an interface with respect to the moving speed of the lubricating oil, and at the same time, the cavity By expanding the difference in the accumulation function and holding function with respect to the surface and forming an interface for the accumulation and holding function, the movement of the interface along with the movement of the sliding surface causes the lubricant and the cavity in the same direction to move. Facilitates the movement, further promotes the accumulation and expansion of bubbles,
An interface having different surface energy is formed at the boundary between the first region and the second region in the proximity region of the first sliding surface and the second sliding surface, and the interface is in an acute angle direction with respect to the moving direction of the sliding surface. By placing in
(D) The interface moves in an acute angle direction with respect to the moving direction of the sliding surface, thereby allowing rapid and deep liquid penetration into the first region having a high surface energy, and at the start of sliding, Along with the movement of the interface, the cavities made of bubbles present in the lubricating layer when the sliding is stopped are accumulated and held in the second region having a low surface energy to move the cavities in the lubricating layer to the first sliding surface. And a method for suppressing the breakage of the lubricating layer, wherein the lubricant layer is discharged out of the vicinity of the second sliding surface.
移動するこれら摺動面の少なくとも一方に、
（１）親油性もしくは親水性または撥油性もしくは撥水性を有する物質を有する領域もしくはこうした物質を有する塗布膜が形成された領域を形成する、または
（２）化学的な親油処理もしくは親水処理または撥油処理もしくは撥水処理された領域を形成する、
いずれかの表面処理によって表面エネルギーの異なる領域を形成し、表面エネルギーの高い親油性もしくは親水性を有する表面が作製された第１領域と、該第１領域よりも表面エネルギーの低い親油性もしくは親水性を有する表面または撥油性もしくは撥水性を有する表面が作製された第２領域を隣接して配置することによって、前記摺動面の移動に伴い、
（ａ）同一摺動面に表面エネルギーの異なるように作製された第１領域とこれに隣接する第２領域における前記表面エネルギーの差によって生じる前記液体の移動速度の差により前記第１領域への迅速で深い潤滑油の浸透が生じ、
（ｂ）前記表面エネルギーの差によって生じる前記気泡等からなるキャビティに対する集積機能や保持機能の差により前記第２領域へのキャビティの集積や保持が生じて気泡の拡大が生じ、該第２領域に集積・保持されたキャビティは、摺動面の移動に伴う第２領域の移動により移送され、前記近接した領域外に排出され、
（ｃ）異なる表面エネルギーを有する所定の領域とこれに隣接する領域との境界において、前記潤滑油の移動速度の差を拡大し、潤滑油の移動速度に対して界面を形成すると同時に、前記キャビティに対する集積機能や保持機能の差を拡大し、集積・保持機能に対して界面を形成することによって、摺動面の移動に伴う該界面の移動により、移動方向と同方向の潤滑油およびキャビティの移動を促進し、気泡の集積・拡大がさらに促進され、
その境界において表面エネルギーが異なる界面を形成し、該界面を摺動面の移動方向に対して鋭角方向に配置することにより、
（ｄ）前記界面が摺動面の移動方向に対して鋭角方向に移動することにより、表面エネルギーの高い該第１領域への迅速で深い液体の浸透を可能にするとともに、摺動始動時の該界面の移動に伴い、摺動停止時に前記潤滑層中に存在した気泡からなるキャビティを表面エネルギーの低い第２領域に集積保持して移動させ、前記第１摺動面と第２摺動面の近接領域外に排出する
ことを特徴とする摺動部を有する構造体。
Comprising a first sliding surface and a second sliding surface having regions close to each other through a lubricating layer in which bubbles and liquid are mixed;
At least one of these sliding surfaces that move,
(1) forming a region having a lipophilic or hydrophilic or oil-repellent or water-repellent substance or a region where a coating film having such a substance is formed; or
(2) forming a chemically oleophilic or hydrophilic treatment or oil or water repellency treated region;
A first region in which regions having different surface energies are formed by any surface treatment and a surface having high lipophilicity or hydrophilicity with high surface energy is produced, and lipophilicity or hydrophilicity having a surface energy lower than that of the first region With the movement of the sliding surface by arranging the second region where the surface having the property or the surface having the oil repellency or water repellency is adjacently disposed ,
(A) Due to the difference in the moving speed of the liquid caused by the difference in the surface energy between the first region prepared so that the surface energy is different on the same sliding surface and the second region adjacent to the first region, Rapid and deep penetration of the lubricant occurs,
(B) The accumulation and retention of the cavity in the second region is caused by the difference in the accumulation function and the retention function with respect to the cavity composed of the bubbles and the like caused by the difference in surface energy, and the expansion of the bubbles occurs in the second region. The accumulated and held cavities are transferred by the movement of the second region as the sliding surface moves, and are discharged out of the adjacent region.
(C) At the boundary between a predetermined region having different surface energy and a region adjacent thereto, the difference in the moving speed of the lubricating oil is enlarged to form an interface with respect to the moving speed of the lubricating oil, and at the same time, the cavity By expanding the difference in the accumulation function and holding function with respect to the surface and forming an interface for the accumulation and holding function, the movement of the interface along with the movement of the sliding surface causes the lubricant and the cavity in the same direction to move. Facilitates the movement, further promotes the accumulation and expansion of bubbles,
By forming an interface with different surface energy at the boundary, and arranging the interface in an acute angle direction with respect to the moving direction of the sliding surface,
(D) The interface moves in an acute angle direction with respect to the moving direction of the sliding surface, thereby allowing rapid and deep liquid penetration into the first region having a high surface energy and at the time of sliding start. Along with the movement of the interface, the cavities made of bubbles that existed in the lubricating layer at the time of sliding stop are accumulated and held in the second region having a low surface energy, and the first sliding surface and the second sliding surface are moved. A structure having a sliding portion that is discharged outside the adjacent region.
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| EP3761123A1 (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2021-01-06 | Association Suisse pour la Recherche Horlogère | Micromechanical component allowing containment of a lubricating substance |
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