JP5952844B2 - 陽子コンピューター断層撮影スキャナーの較正に関するシステム、装置、及び方法 - Google Patents
陽子コンピューター断層撮影スキャナーの較正に関するシステム、装置、及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2011年3月7日に出願された「SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CALIBRATING A PROTON COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCANNER」という名称の米国仮特許出願第61/450,047号の優先権の利益を主張し、この出願を引用することによりその全体が本明細書の一部とみなされる。
本発明は、NIH認可番号第1R01EB013118−01号及びDOD契約番号第W81XWH0−08−1−0205による政府の支援によって、一部資金提供を受けたものである。政府は、本発明において一定の権利を有する。
L(r)=p2r2+p1r+p0 (5)
として示され得る。p0、p1、及びp2は、当てはめパラメータである。最小二乗当てはめ法を使用して当てはめるとき、当てはめパラメータp0、p1、及びp2は、例示的な熱量計228によって検出される200MeV陽子の場合、図24に示される。
σ2 L=σ2 r(2p2r+p1)2 (6)
として表され得る。
ρ=L/tp (7)
を使用して計算された。ここで、tpは板の物理的厚さである。水タンク測定が、186MeVのビームエネルギー及び60mm変調ホイールによって実施されて、拡大ブラッグピーク(spread out Bragg peak)(SOBP)を生成した。ビーム経路に組織板を挿入することの結果としてのレンジシフトは、その後、水ファントムの内部でビーム軸に沿ってマーカスチャンバーを走査することによって測定された。板は、水タンクの外部に設置された。RSPすなわちρは、式
Claims (26)
- 陽子コンピューター断層撮影スキャナーを較正するための方法であって、
複数のエネルギー減衰設定のそれぞれについて、
1つ又は複数の減衰板を、エネルギーEを有する陽子ビーム内に導入することであって、前記1つの減衰板が単独で又は前記複数の減衰板の組合せが既知の水等価厚(WET)値を有することと、
前記1つ又は複数の減衰板を通過し、1つ又は複数の検出チャネルを含むエネルギー検出器によって取込まれた複数の選択された陽子のそれぞれについて、前記エネルギー検出器から信号を取得することと、
を実施することと、
前記信号の少なくとも幾つかと、前記エネルギー検出器の対応する検出チャネルに関連する1つ又は複数の加重係数とに基づいて前記エネルギー検出器の加重応答を計算することと、
前記加重応答と、前記複数のエネルギー減衰設定に関連する前記既知のWET値に基づく水等価経路長(WEPL)との間の関係を生成することと、
を含み、
前記複数の選択された陽子は、陽子事象削除にパスし、前記既知のWET値に対応する経路長の0.5%内の計算された最尤経路長を有する陽子を含む、陽子コンピューター断層撮影スキャナーを較正するための方法。 - 非一時的コンピューター可読媒体に前記関係を示す情報を記憶することを更に含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ又は複数の減衰板を導入することは、前記陽子ビーム内に1つ又は複数の実質的に平行なポリスチレン板を配置することを含み、それにより、前記減衰板が前記陽子ビームの長手方向軸にほぼ垂直になる請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記複数の減衰設定に関連する前記WET値は、ゼロと、減衰板がない状態で取得される最大加重応答の10%である加重応答を生じる上限との間の範囲にある請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記エネルギー検出器は、複数の結晶を有するセグメント化された熱量計を含み、それにより、前記熱量計は、前記複数の結晶に対応する複数のチャネルを含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記結晶のそれぞれは、ヨウ化セシウム(CsI)結晶を含む請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記陽子事象削除は、前記陽子が散乱して前記スキャナーから出た事象を排除すること、陽子トラッキング情報が不明瞭である事象を排除すること、及び、前記陽子が、前記スキャナーの全てのトラッキング平面を通過しなかった事象を排除することのうちの1つ又は複数を含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記陽子ビームは、前記セグメント化された熱量計の前記結晶のそれぞれにおける前記選択された陽子の衝突を可能にする寸法に作られる円錐ビームを含む請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ又は複数の加重係数は、前記熱量計のi番目のチャネルについての加重係数wiを含む請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記i番目の加重係数wiは、wi=(スケール係数)/<r>iとして表され、前記スケール係数は、前記エネルギー検出器の前記加重応答について所望のスケールの値を提供するように選択され、<r>iは、選択された未減衰陽子を前記結晶が受けるときの前記i番目のチャネルのアベレージ信号を表す請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記選択された未減衰陽子は、いずれの減衰体も通過せず、それぞれの結晶の中心部分において、該それぞれの結晶に全体的に平行な方向に入る陽子を含む請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記スケール係数は、前記ビームエネルギーEに比例する、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記スケール係数は、C*Eであるように選択され、ここで、Cは、前記全てのチャネルの平均加重和が所望の値を生じるように選択された定数である請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記エネルギー検出器の前記加重応答は、選択された陽子事象に関連するチャネルからの信号の加重和を含む請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記信号のそれぞれは、ノイズフロア値を3σ超える値よりも高い値を有する請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記選択されたチャネルは、最大信号を有する値が高いチャネル及び前記値が高いチャネルの前記結晶を直接に囲む結晶に対応するチャネルを含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記加重応答とWEPLとの間の前記関係は、前記複数のエネルギー減衰設定に対応するデータ点に基づく当てはめを含む請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記当てはめは2次多項式の当てはめを含む請求項17に記載の方法。
- 陽子コンピューター断層撮影スキャナーであって、
ターゲット領域を通過する前又は後に、ビームの個々の陽子のトラッキングを容易にするように構成されたトラッカーと、
前記ターゲット領域を通過した前記個々の陽子のエネルギーを検出するように構成されたエネルギー検出器と、
前記ターゲット領域に又は該ターゲット領域の近くに位置決め可能であり、前記ビーム又は陽子についての複数のエネルギー減衰設定の導入を可能にするように構成された較正装置であって、複数の減衰板のうちの1つ又は複数を前記ビーム内に導入することを可能にするように構成された該複数の減衰板を含み、前記複数のエネルギー減衰設定のそれぞれが、当該エネルギー減衰設定に関連する既知の水等価厚(WET)値を有する較正装置と、
前記1つ又は複数の減衰板を通過し、1つ又は複数の検出チャネルを含む前記エネルギー検出器によって取込まれた複数の選択された陽子のそれぞれについて、前記エネルギー検出器から信号を取得するように構成されたデータ取得システムと、
プロセッサとを備え、
前記複数の選択された陽子は、陽子事象削除にパスし、前記既知のWET値に対応する経路長の0.5%内の計算された最尤経路長を有する陽子を含み、
前記プロセッサは、
前記信号の少なくとも幾つかと、前記エネルギー検出器の対応する検出チャネルに関連する1つ又は複数の加重係数とに基づいて前記エネルギー検出器の加重応答を計算し、
前記加重応答と、前記複数のエネルギー減衰設定に関連する前記既知のWET値に基づく水等価経路長(WEPL)との間の関係を生成するように構成される、
陽子コンピューター断層撮影スキャナー。 - 前記エネルギー検出器は、複数の結晶を有する分割された熱量計を含み、それにより、前記熱量計は、前記複数の結晶に対応する複数のチャネルを含む請求項19に記載のスキャナー。
- 前記結晶のそれぞれは、ヨウ化セシウム(CsI)結晶を含む請求項20に記載のスキャナー。
- 前記トラッカーは、シリコンストリップの複数の検出平面を有する前トラッカー及びシリコンストリップの複数の検出平面を有する後トラッカーを含む請求項19に記載のスキャナー。
- 前記較正装置は、前記ビーム内への前記減衰板のうちの前記1つ又は複数の導入の遠隔制御を可能にするために、前記複数の減衰板のそれぞれに機械的に結合したアクチュエーターを備える請求項19に記載のスキャナー。
- 前記複数の減衰板のそれぞれはポリスチレン板である請求項19に記載のスキャナー。
- 陽子コンピューター断層撮影スキャナーを較正するための方法であって、
複数のエネルギー減衰設定のそれぞれについて、
1つ又は複数の減衰板を、エネルギーEを有する陽子ビーム内に導入することであって、前記1つの減衰板が単独で又は前記複数の減衰板の組合せが既知の水等価厚(WET)値を有することと、
前記1つ又は複数の減衰板を通過し、1つ又は複数の検出チャネルを含むエネルギー検出器によって取込まれた複数の選択された陽子のそれぞれについて、前記エネルギー検出器から信号を取得することと、
を実施することと、
前記信号の少なくとも幾つかと、前記エネルギー検出器の対応する検出チャネルに関連する1つ又は複数の加重係数とに基づいて前記エネルギー検出器の加重応答を計算することと、
前記加重応答と、前記複数のエネルギー減衰設定に関連する前記既知のWET値に基づく水等価経路長(WEPL)との間の関係を生成することと、
を含み、
前記エネルギー検出器は、複数の結晶を有するセグメント化された熱量計を含み、それにより、前記熱量計は、前記複数の結晶に対応する複数のチャネルを含み、
前記1つ又は複数の加重係数は、前記熱量計のi番目のチャネルについての加重係数wiを含み、
前記エネルギー検出器の前記加重応答は、選択された陽子事象に関連するチャネルからの信号の加重和を含み、
前記選択されたチャネルは、最大信号を有する値が高いチャネル及び前記値が高いチャネルの前記結晶を直接に囲む結晶に対応するチャネルを含む、陽子コンピューター断層撮影スキャナーを較正するための方法。 - 陽子コンピューター断層撮影スキャナーであって、
ターゲット領域を通過する前又は後に、ビームの個々の陽子のトラッキングを容易にするように構成されたトラッカーと、
前記ターゲット領域を通過した前記個々の陽子のエネルギーを検出するように構成されたエネルギー検出器と、
前記ターゲット領域に又は該ターゲット領域の近くに位置決め可能であり、前記ビーム又は陽子についての複数のエネルギー減衰設定の導入を可能にするように構成された較正装置であって、複数の減衰板のうちの1つ又は複数を前記ビーム内に導入することを可能にするように構成された該複数の減衰板を含み、前記複数のエネルギー減衰設定のそれぞれが、当該エネルギー減衰設定に関連する既知の水等価厚(WET)値を有する較正装置と、
前記1つ又は複数の減衰板を通過し、1つ又は複数の検出チャネルを含む前記エネルギー検出器によって取込まれた複数の選択された陽子のそれぞれについて、前記エネルギー検出器から信号を取得するように構成されたデータ取得システムと、
プロセッサとを備え、
前記エネルギー検出器は、複数の結晶を有するセグメント化された熱量計を含み、それにより、前記熱量計は、前記複数の結晶に対応する複数のチャネルを含み、
前記1つ又は複数の加重係数は、前記熱量計のi番目のチャネルについての加重係数wiを含み、
前記エネルギー検出器の前記加重応答は、選択された陽子事象に関連するチャネルからの信号の加重和を含み、
前記選択されたチャネルは、最大信号を有する値が高いチャネル及び前記値が高いチャネルの前記結晶を直接に囲む結晶に対応するチャネルを含み、
前記プロセッサは、
前記信号の少なくとも幾つかと、前記エネルギー検出器の対応する検出チャネルに関連する1つ又は複数の加重係数とに基づいて前記エネルギー検出器の加重応答を計算し、
前記加重応答と、前記複数のエネルギー減衰設定に関連する前記既知のWET値に基づく水等価経路長(WEPL)との間の関係を生成するように構成される、
陽子コンピューター断層撮影スキャナー。
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CA2829094A1 (en) | 2012-11-29 |
WO2012161852A2 (en) | 2012-11-29 |
AU2012259403B2 (en) | 2016-08-04 |
EP2684034A2 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
US9880301B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 |
US20150198543A1 (en) | 2015-07-16 |
US20120273665A1 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
WO2012161852A3 (en) | 2013-01-24 |
US20160178769A1 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
US9274067B2 (en) | 2016-03-01 |
US8841602B2 (en) | 2014-09-23 |
EP2684034A4 (en) | 2014-09-03 |
AU2012259403A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
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