JP5886044B2 - 認知機能の改善のためのグリセロリン脂質 - Google Patents
認知機能の改善のためのグリセロリン脂質 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本願は、2003年10月22日出願のイスラエル出願第158552号の優先権を主張する、2004年10月21日出願のPCT国際出願第PCT/IL2004/000957の継続である、2004年11月19日出願の米国仮出願番号10/994,175(放棄済)のCIPである、2006年4月28日出願の米国仮出願番号11/414,150の一部継続出願であるUSSN 12/215,080の優先権を主張する。それらの内容は参照によって本願に援用される。
本願発明は、例えば脂質の異なる起源を利用して、LA、リノレン酸(アルファ−リノレン酸、ガンマ−リノレン酸)、DHA及びエイコサペンタエノイル(EPA)の特異的な量及び特異的な接合パターンを有するオメガ−3及びオメガ−6脂肪酸と接合した脂質製剤を用いて、対象の認知機能を改善する、代替の、増強された、且つ安価な方法を提供する。
他の一つの側面において、本発明は、認知病又は認知障害を病んでいる対象の状態の改善において使用するための本発明の製剤を提供する。
本発明の脂質製剤の調製方法
脂質製剤A、Al、A2、C、D、F、G、H、I、J、K、L、M、及びNは、以下のように調製される。
魚(主にニシンとタラ(blue Whiting))に由来するバイオマスから抽出法によって製造した海洋性レシチンを有機溶媒中に溶解し、L−セリン、CaCl2、ホスホリパーゼD(PLD)及び酢酸バッファーを含有する水溶液とpH5.6で反応させた。得られたPS製剤を、水相を除去し、有機溶媒を蒸発し、さらなる精製工程によって精製した。得られた粉末は、PS脂肪酸から44%のPSと31%のDHAを含有した。
120グラムの海洋性レシチン及び60グラムのPCに富むダイズレシチンを共に、3リットルのガラス製研究室用反応器中で有機溶媒に溶解する。記述した有機溶媒を、L−セリン、CaCl2、PLD及び酢酸バッファーを含有する水溶液とpH5.6で反応させる。得られたPSは、水相を除去し、有機溶媒を蒸発させ、さらなる精製工程によって精製する。
魚(主にニシンとタラ)に由来するバイオマスから抽出法によって製造された海洋性レシチンを、有機溶媒に溶解し、L−セリン、CaCl2、ホスホリパーゼD(PLD)及び酢酸バッファーを含有する水溶液とpH5.6で反応させた。得られたPS製剤を、水相を除去し、有機溶媒を蒸発させ、さらなる精製工程によって精製した。得られた粉末は、PS脂肪酸から44%のPSと31%のDHAを含有した。
PCに富むダイズレシチンを、L−セリン、CaCl2、PLD及び酢酸バッファーを含有する水溶性媒体中、pH5.6で、PSと反応させた。得られたPSを洗浄して水溶性物質(塩、セリンなど)を除き、さらに精製した。得られた粉末は、67%のPSを含んだ。
脂質製剤Aの有効性
I.脂質製剤A(上記実施例1に従って調製した)の有効性を、障害性の認知性能を有する高齢者で、単一施設、二重盲検、無作為抽出、プラセボ-コントロールで、〜3ヶ月の試験において調査した。
(b)260−270mgのセルロースを含有するプラセボ−1カプセルを、1日3回、食事と共に投与した。
図1は、脂質製剤Aが〜3ヶ月の処置期間後に記憶パラメーターを改善したことを示している。
対象は、200mgの脂質製剤A(100mgのPSを含有)を含有するカプセル一つを1日3回受けた。
2.Rey-聴覚言語学習試験(AVLT)(Rey A: L'Examen Clinique en Psychologie Paris: Press Universitaire de France 1964)。
表1は、脂質製剤Aがコンピューター認知評価ツールの最終スコアを著しく改善したことを示している。このスコアは、種々の複合性のスコアを合計する修正計算値である。表1は、著しく改善した個々の試験(順方向及び逆方向の数字想起)及び特定の複合スコア(注意集中、記憶想起及び記憶認知)を示している。脂質組成物Aは、注意、記憶及び学習のような多数の認知パラメーターを著しく改善すると結論付けられた。
脂質製剤B、C、D、E、及びFの有効性
記述した全ての試行は、同じ集団(障害性の認知性能を有する高齢の対象)と同じ認知評価ツールを用いて試験した。
脂質製剤B(上記実施例1に従って調製した)の有効性を、単一施設で、オープンラベルで、〜3ヶ月の試行で、障害性の認知性能を有する16人の高齢者(年齢≧60)で調査した。
表3は、脂質製剤Bがコンピューター認知評価ツールの最終スコアを改善したことを示している。その改善は統計学的に有意でなかったとはいえ、その規模は脂質製剤Aの消費後のものに匹敵した(表1を参照)。個々の試験(順方向及び逆方向の数字想起)と脂質製剤Bによって改善された特定の複合スコア(空間短期記憶、注意集中、記憶想起及び記憶認知)においても改善が認められた。再度、その効果の規模は脂質製剤Aの処置後のものに匹敵した(表1を参照)が、その改善は統計学的有意に常には達しなかった。脂質製剤Bは、脂質製剤Aと類似する幾つかの認知パラメーターを改善すると結論づけられる。しかしながら、その改善が常には統計学的有意に達しないために、脂質製剤Aは、認知スキル及び軽度認知障害の処置及び年齢に関連する記憶減退の改善において脂質製剤Bを超える優位性を有するように見える。それらの結果は、脂質製剤Aと比較して脂質製剤Bがより低いLA/DHA比(より多いDHA)を有するために、驚くべきことである。
脂質製剤Cの有効性が、単一施設で、オープンラベルで、〜3ヶ月の試行で、障害性の認知性能を有する8人の高齢者で調査される。
脂質製剤Cは、〜3ヶ月の処置期間の後に、記憶想起、記憶認知、注意、集中、学習及び空間短期記憶を改善する。試験された全てのパラメーターの改善は、脂質製剤A(実施例2)での3ヶ月の処置後の改善と同様であり、脂質製剤Bでの3ヶ月の処置後の改善と同じであるか又はより良かった。
脂質製剤Dの有効性が、単一施設で、オープンラベルで、〜3ヶ月の試行で、障害性の認知性能を有する8人の高齢者で調査される。
脂質製剤Dは、〜3ヶ月の処置期間の後に、記憶想起、記憶認知、注意、集中、学習及び空間短期記憶を改善する。試験された全てのパラメーターの改善は、脂質製剤A(実施例2)及びCでの3ヶ月の処置後の改善と同様であり、脂質製剤Bでの3ヶ月の処置後の改善と同様であるか又はより良かった。
脂質製剤E(上記実施例1に従って調製した)の有効性を、単一施設で、オープンラベルで、〜3ヶ月の試行で、障害性の認知性能を有する24人の高齢者(年齢≧60)で調査した。
表4は、脂質製剤Eが、脂質製剤Aと同様に、Rey-AVLT手法で試験されたパラメーターを改善したことを示している。しかしながら、脂質製剤Aと比較して効果の大きさはかなり小さかった。脂質製剤AとEの比較は、即時想起(p=0.05)及び総合即時想起(p=0.03)及び総合学習スコアにおける傾向(p=0.13)において二つの処置の間の、製剤Aに有利な統計学的に有意な相違を明らかにした。この相違は、認知衰退の処置において脂質製剤Eを超える脂質製剤Aの優位性を示している。
脂質製剤Eは、記憶想起、記憶認知、注意、集中、学習及び空間短期記憶を、3ヶ月の処置期間の後に、微量な範囲だけ改善する傾向がある。試験された全てのパラメーターの改善は、脂質製剤A(実施例2)、B、C及びDの何れかによる3ヶ月の処置後の改善よりも低い。
脂質製剤の有効性が、単一施設で、オープンラベルで、〜3ヶ月の試行で、障害性の認知性能を有する8人の高齢者で調査される。
脂質製剤Fは、〜3ヶ月の処置期間の後に、記憶想起、記憶認知、注意、集中、学習及び空間短期記憶を微量な範囲だけ改善する傾向がある。試験された全てのパラメーターの改善は、脂質製剤A(実施例2)、B、C及びDの何れかによる3ヶ月の処置後の改善より低い。
(1)
セリングリセロリン脂質接合体の非哺乳類由来の混合物を含む製剤、ここで、該混合物は、(a)PSに接合したリノール酸(C18:2)及び(b)PSに接合したDHAを含み、ここで、(a)のw/w% /(b)のw/w% は、約0.09から約3.6であることを特徴とする製剤。
(2)
前記セリングリセロリン脂質が、前記製剤の少なくとも10% w/wを構成する、(1)に記載の製剤。
(3)
前記セリングリセロリン脂質が前記製剤の少なくとも20% w/wを構成する、(2)に記載の製剤。
(4)
前記セリングリセロリン脂質が前記製剤の少なくとも40% w/wを構成する、(3)に記載の製剤。
(5)
前記セリングリセロリン脂質が前記製剤の少なくとも50% w/wを構成する、(4)に記載の製剤。
(6)
前記セリングリセロリン脂質が前記製剤の少なくとも54% w/wを構成する、(5)に記載の製剤。
(7)
(c)PSに接合したリノレン酸(C18:3)及び(d)PSに接合したDHAをさらに含み、ここで、(c)のw/w% /(d)のw/w% が約0.01から約0.3であることを特徴とする、(1)〜(6)の何れか一項に記載の製剤。
(8)
(e)PSに接合したリノール酸(C18:2)及び(f)PSに接合したEPAをさらに含み、ここで、(e)のw/w% /(f)のw/w% が約0.23から約9.4であることを特徴とする、(7)に記載の製剤。
(9)
(g)PSに接合したリノレン酸(C18:3)及び(h)PSに接合したEPAをさらに含み、ここで、(g)のw/w% /(h)のw/w% が約0.02から約0.8であることを特徴とする製剤。
(10)
認知病又は認知障害を病んでいる対象の状態を改善する方法であって、(1)〜(9)の何れか一項に記載の製剤を、それらを必要とする対象に投与することを含む方法。
(11)
前記認知病又は認知障害が、以下からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする(10)に記載の方法:注意欠陥障害、注意欠陥多動性障害、失読症、加齢に伴う記憶障害及び学習障害、健忘症、軽度認知障害、認知障害性の非痴呆、前アルツハイマー病、アルツハイマー病、パーキンソン病、前痴呆症候群、痴呆、年齢関連性の認知減退、認知衰退、中度精神障害、加齢による精神衰退、脳波の強度及び/又は脳グルコースの利用に影響する状態、ストレス、不安、うつ病、行動障害、集中及び注意障害、気分衰退、一般認知及び精神の健康、神経変性障害、ホルモン性障害及びそれらの任意の組合せ。
(12)
栄養組成物、医薬品組成物又は栄養補助組成物又は機能性食品の製造のための、(1)〜(9)の何れか一項に記載の製剤の使用。
(13)
前記栄養組成物、医薬品組成物又は栄養補助組成物又は機能性食品は、認知病又は認知障害を病んでいる対象の状態を改善するためのものである、(12)に記載の製剤の使用。
(14)
(13)に記載の使用であって、前記認知病又は認知障害が、以下からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする使用:注意欠陥障害、注意欠陥多動性障害、失読症、加齢に伴う記憶障害及び学習障害、健忘症、軽度認知障害、認知障害性の非痴呆、前アルツハイマー病、アルツハイマー病、パーキンソン病、前痴呆症候群、痴呆、年齢関連性の認知減退、認知衰退、中度精神障害、加齢による精神衰退、脳波の強度及び/又は脳グルコースの利用に影響する状態、ストレス、不安、うつ病、行動障害、集中及び注意障害、気分衰退、一般認知及び精神の健康、神経変性障害、ホルモン性障害及びそれらの任意の組合せ。
(15)
栄養組成物、医薬品組成物又は栄養補助組成物又は機能性食品において用いるための、(1)〜(9)の何れか一項に記載の製剤。
(16)
認知病又は認知障害を病んでいる対象の状態の改善に使用するための、(1)〜(9)の何れか一項に記載の製剤。
(17)
(16)に記載の製剤であって、前記認知病又は認知障害が、以下からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする製剤:注意欠陥障害、注意欠陥多動性障害、失読症、加齢に伴う記憶障害及び学習障害、健忘症、軽度認知障害、認知障害性の非痴呆、前アルツハイマー病、アルツハイマー病、パーキンソン病、前痴呆症候群、痴呆、年齢関連性の認知減退、認知衰退、中度精神障害、加齢による精神衰退、脳波の強度及び/又は脳グルコースの利用に影響する状態、ストレス、不安、うつ病、行動障害、集中及び注意障害、気分衰退、一般認知及び精神の健康、神経変性障害、ホルモン性障害及びそれらの任意の組合せ。
(18)
(1)〜(9)の何れか一項に記載の製剤を含む、栄養組成物、医薬品組成物又は栄養補助組成物又は機能性食品。
Claims (16)
- セリングリセロリン脂質接合体の非哺乳類由来の混合物を含む製剤であって、該混合物は、(a)ホスファチジルセリン(PS)に接合したリノール酸(C18:2)、(b)PSに接合したドコサヘキサエン酸(DHA)、および(f)PSに接合したエイコサペンタエン酸(EPA)を含み、混合物中の、(a)のw/w% /(b)のw/w% は、0.09から3.6であり、(a)のw/w% /(f)のw/w% は、0.23から9.4であり、
PSに接合したリノール酸の重量%がPSに接合した全ての脂肪酸に対して2.7%から39.6%であり、PSに接合したDHAの重量%がPSに接合した全ての脂肪酸に対して10.9%から29.6%であり、PSに接合したEPAの重量%がPSに接合した全ての脂肪酸に対して4.2%から11.5%であり、および、PSに接合したリノレン酸の重量%がPSに接合した全ての脂肪酸に対して0.2%から3.2%であることを特徴とする製剤。 - 前記セリングリセロリン脂質が、前記製剤の少なくとも10% w/wを構成する、請求項1に記載の製剤。
- 前記セリングリセロリン脂質が前記製剤の少なくとも20% w/wを構成する、請求項2に記載の製剤。
- 前記セリングリセロリン脂質が前記製剤の少なくとも40% w/wを構成する、請求項3に記載の製剤。
- 前記セリングリセロリン脂質が前記製剤の少なくとも50% w/wを構成する、請求項4に記載の製剤。
- 前記セリングリセロリン脂質が前記製剤の少なくとも54% w/wを構成する、請求項5に記載の製剤。
- 認知病又は認知障害を病んでいる対象の状態を改善するための、請求項1に記載の製剤を含む組成物。
- 加齢に伴う記憶障害及び/または軽度認知障害を病んでいる対象の状態を改善するための、請求項1に記載の製剤を含む組成物。
- 認知病又は認知障害を病んでいる対象の状態を改善するための、請求項1に記載の製剤を含む栄養組成物。
- 加齢に伴う記憶障害及び/または軽度認知障害を病んでいる対象の状態を改善するための、請求項1に記載の製剤を含む栄養組成物。
- 認知病又は認知障害を病んでいる対象の状態を改善するための、請求項1に記載の製剤を含む医薬品組成物。
- 加齢に伴う記憶障害及び/または軽度認知障害を病んでいる対象の状態を改善するための、請求項1に記載の製剤を含む医薬品組成物。
- 認知病又は認知障害を病んでいる対象の状態を改善するための、請求項1に記載の製剤を含む栄養補助組成物。
- 加齢に伴う記憶障害及び/または軽度認知障害を病んでいる対象の状態を改善するための、請求項1に記載の製剤を含む栄養補助組成物。
- 認知病又は認知障害を病んでいる対象の状態を改善するための、請求項1に記載の製剤を含む機能性食品。
- 加齢に伴う記憶障害及び/または軽度認知障害を病んでいる対象の状態を改善するための、請求項1に記載の製剤を含む機能性食品。
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