JP5868178B2 - メタノールの製造方法 - Google Patents
メタノールの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5868178B2 JP5868178B2 JP2011535322A JP2011535322A JP5868178B2 JP 5868178 B2 JP5868178 B2 JP 5868178B2 JP 2011535322 A JP2011535322 A JP 2011535322A JP 2011535322 A JP2011535322 A JP 2011535322A JP 5868178 B2 JP5868178 B2 JP 5868178B2
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- water
- oxide
- methanol
- catalyst
- reaction
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 382
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 107
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 98
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 47
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001195 gallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 74
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 11
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- -1 fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RXKJFZQQPQGTFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxyacetone Chemical compound OCC(=O)CO RXKJFZQQPQGTFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal Chemical compound OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC1OC(C(O)=O)C(O)C(O)C1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNQZXJOMYWMBOU-VKHMYHEASA-N D-glyceraldehyde Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)C=O MNQZXJOMYWMBOU-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019485 Safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GFCDJPPBUCXJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Zn+2].[Cu]=O Chemical compound [O-2].[Zn+2].[Cu]=O GFCDJPPBUCXJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001320 aldopentoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JYXHVKAPLIVOAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum zinc oxocopper oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Al+3].[O-2].[Zn+2].[Cu]=O JYXHVKAPLIVOAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N batilol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCC(O)CO OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008162 cooking oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940120503 dihydroxyacetone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010702 ether synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007210 heterogeneous catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002581 ketopentoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002586 ketotetroses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002588 ketotrioses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003641 trioses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 description 1
- OUWMFFSIXVELDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc chromium(3+) oxocopper oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Zn+2].[O-2].[Cr+3].[Cu]=O OUWMFFSIXVELDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
- C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
- C07C29/153—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the catalyst used
- C07C29/154—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the catalyst used containing copper, silver, gold, or compounds thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/80—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with zinc, cadmium or mercury
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
- B01J37/031—Precipitation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/04—Mixing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/42—Platinum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/44—Palladium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/755—Nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Description
水溶性有機化合物は、酸素原子を2つ以上有し;少なくとも炭素原子、水素原子および酸素原子から構成され、かつ酸素原子を2つ以上有することが好ましく;少なくとも炭素原子、水素原子および酸素原子から構成され、かつ炭素原子に結合した酸素原子を2つ以上有することがより好ましい。
本発明において、水溶性有機化合物とともに用いられる水は、液体の状態であっても水蒸気であってもよい。エネルギー低減の観点から、水は液体の状態で用いることが好ましい。
本発明のメタノールの製造方法は、メタノール合成触媒(A)が存在する工程を少なくとも有する。これにより、転化反応で生成した炭素酸化物と水素とが、メタノール合成触媒(A)の存在下に反応して、メタノールが生成する。
本発明のメタノールの製造方法は、水溶性有機化合物と水とを、200〜500℃(好ましくは200〜400℃)の温度で、炭素酸化物および水素を含む気体に転化させる反応の触媒(B)(以下「転化触媒(B)」ともいう。)が存在する工程を有することが好ましい。
転化工程(1)は、通常は200〜500℃、好ましくは200〜400℃の温度で実施される。前記温度であれば、一酸化炭素に対する二酸化炭素の生成割合が高くなるとともに、エネルギー低減の観点からも有利となる。
メタノール合成工程(2)の反応条件は、転化工程(1)で得られた気体中の炭素酸化物および水素の濃度や、メタノール合成触媒(A)の使用量により異なる。例えば、反応温度は通常200〜350℃、好ましくは200〜300℃の範囲に、反応圧力は通常1〜30MPa、好ましくは1〜15MPaの範囲に設定すればよい。
水溶性有機化合物として、油脂からバイオディーゼル燃料用の脂肪酸メチルエステルを製造するプロセスにおいて副生するグリセリンを用いた。グリセリンに、グリセリン含有量が10重量%となるように水を加えて(ここで、モル比(水/グリセリン)は50である。)、水溶液(以下「グリセリン水溶液」ともいう。)を調製した。
Claims (9)
- 多価アルコール(但し、糖類を除く。)および糖類から選択される少なくとも1種の水溶性有機化合物と水とからメタノールを製造する方法であって、
(1)前記水溶性有機化合物と水とを、200〜500℃の温度で、炭素酸化物および水素を含む気体に転化させる工程、ならびに(2)酸化銅、酸化亜鉛および酸化ケイ素を含むメタノール合成触媒(A)の存在下、該炭素酸化物と該水素とを反応させる工程を有し、
前記工程(1)で得られた前記炭素酸化物が少なくとも二酸化炭素(CO2)を含み、一酸化炭素(CO)と二酸化炭素(CO2)とのモル比(CO/CO2)が1以下であり、
前記工程(1)で得られた気体を、200℃以上に維持したまま、前記工程(2)に供給し、
全工程を200〜500℃の温度で行う
ことを特徴とするメタノールの製造方法。 - 前記水溶性有機化合物が、グリセリンであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のメタノールの製造方法。
- 前記グリセリンが、油脂由来のグリセリンであることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のメタノールの製造方法。
- 前記メタノール合成触媒(A)が、酸化アルミニウムをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載のメタノールの製造方法。
- 前記メタノール合成触媒(A)が、酸化ガリウムおよび酸化ジルコニウムから選択される少なくとも1種の酸化物をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載のメタノールの製造方法。
- 前記工程(1)を、白金、ニッケルおよびパラジウムから選択される少なくとも1種を担持した担体からなる固体触媒の存在下に行うことを特徴とする請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載のメタノールの製造方法。
- 前記水溶性有機化合物を水溶液の状態で反応器に供給することを特徴とする請求項1〜6の何れか一項に記載のメタノールの製造方法。
- 工程(1)で用いられる水溶性有機化合物と水とのモル比(水/水溶性有機化合物)が、2〜600であることを特徴とする請求項1〜7の何れか一項に記載のメタノールの製造方法。
- 工程(1)で得られ、工程(2)に供給される気体が、水をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜8の何れか一項に記載のメタノールの製造方法。
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