JP5863642B2 - 炭化水素ストリームから硫化水素を捕捉する方法 - Google Patents
炭化水素ストリームから硫化水素を捕捉する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5863642B2 JP5863642B2 JP2012509149A JP2012509149A JP5863642B2 JP 5863642 B2 JP5863642 B2 JP 5863642B2 JP 2012509149 A JP2012509149 A JP 2012509149A JP 2012509149 A JP2012509149 A JP 2012509149A JP 5863642 B2 JP5863642 B2 JP 5863642B2
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- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 87
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 77
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 46
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 46
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxylic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C=O HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 15
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000604 Polyethylene Glycol 200 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002565 Polyethylene Glycol 400 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVOMRRWJQOJMPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trithiane Chemical compound C1CSSSC1 BVOMRRWJQOJMPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002582 Polyethylene Glycol 600 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002519 antifouling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012490 blank solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011885 synergistic combination Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1493—Selection of liquid materials for use as absorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
- C10G29/20—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
- C10G29/22—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms containing oxygen as the only hetero atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
- C10G29/20—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
- C10G29/22—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms containing oxygen as the only hetero atom
- C10G29/24—Aldehydes or ketones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1033—Oil well production fluids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/207—Acid gases, e.g. H2S, COS, SO2, HCN
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/80—Additives
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
Description
他の実施態様では、本発明はまた、炭化水素中の硫化水素を捕捉する方法に関し、炭化水素がグリオキシル酸及びポリエチレングリコールを含む捕捉添加剤で処理され、かかる処理が水溶性捕捉生成物を形成し、これは炭化水素から酸性条件下でも容易に分離され、従ってファウリングの問題も分解の問題も生じることないものである。
(DM)水中のグリオキサル溶液を、最終で5%グリオキサル含有量となるように調製した。H2Sガスを連続的にこの溶液に約30℃で約3時間通じた。溶液は約30分後にH2Sの沈殿により濁りはじめた。3時間後、水をオーブン、で約120℃で蒸発させた。オーブンで乾燥したサンプルの元素分析により、約30.52%C、約3.65%H及び約29.54%Sであることがわかった。オーブン乾燥残渣を水及びメタノールに不溶であった。この実施例は、グリオキサルはH2S捕捉剤として作用することを示すが,水不溶性の生成物を形成し、上で説明したように望ましい結果ではない。
実施例1を、グリオキシル酸を用いて繰り返し5%グリオキシル酸含有となるように調製した。溶液は実施の3時間後の終わりまで透明であった。オーブン乾燥サンプルの元素分析から、約23.58%C、約3.81%H及び27.05%Sであることが分かった。オーブン乾燥残渣は水及びメタノールに溶解性であった。この実施例は、グリオキシル酸がH2Sの捕捉剤であり得ることを示した。しかしグリオキサルと同じ濃度で驚くべきことに、水に可溶性生成物を与える結果となり、上で説明したことからこれは望ましい結果である。
実施例1においてPEGを用いて5%PEG含有量となるように調製した。H2Sの濃度は減少したが、非常にわずかであり、PEGはH2Sの好ましい捕捉剤ではないことがわかった。
硫化水素(H2S)の捕捉を、室温でH2Sガスで部分的に飽和させたケロシン油を用いて実施した。H2S濃度は表のそれぞれの実施例に示され、維持された。定められた捕捉剤サンプルをサンプル容器に添加された。捕捉剤が含まれた容器を振り混ぜて、それぞれの容器の気相中のH2Sの濃度を約20時間にわたりドラッガチューブを用いて測定した(室温)。ブランク試験は捕捉剤なしの条件で行われた。それぞれの実施例で用いたグリオキシル酸は市販品として利用可能な50%溶液である。形成された捕捉生成物は水に可溶性であり、酸性及び中性条件でも容易に水層に分離された。
Claims (11)
- 炭化水素中の硫化水素を捕捉するための硫化水素捕捉添加剤組成物であり、
当該組成物がアルデヒドとポリエチレングリコール(PEG)とからなり、及び
前記アルデヒドがグリオキシル酸であり、
前記組成物が、前記炭化水素中に存在する前記硫化水素と反応し、及び水可溶性の捕捉生成物を形成し、前記捕捉生成物は分解されることなく酸性pHにおいてさえも水性相中に安定に存在し、相分離により炭化水素から分離可能である、
組成物。 - 請求項1に記載の組成物であり、前記ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)が、分子量が200から1000ドルトンであるPEGから選択される、組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の組成物であり、前記ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)が200から600ドルトンであるPEGから選択される、組成物。
- 請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物であり、前記捕捉剤中の前記アルデヒドとPEGが、99:1から1:99の重量比である、組成物。
- 請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の組成物であり、前記組成物中のPEGの含有量が1重量%から20重量%の範囲に含まれる、組成物。
- 炭化水素中の硫化水素を捕捉する方法であり、前記硫化水素を含む炭化水素が、グリオキシル酸及びポリエチレングリコール(PEG)からなる硫化水素捕捉添加剤組成物で処理することを含み、前記処理が、前記組成物と炭化水素中に存在する前記硫化水素とを反応させ、水可溶性の捕捉生成物を形成し、前記捕捉生成物が分解されることなく酸性pHにおいてさえも水性相中に安定に存在し、相分離により炭化水素から分離される、方法。
- 請求項6に記載された硫化水素を捕捉する方法であり、前記組成物が、1:0.1から1:2である前記炭化水素中の前記硫化水素と前記組成物の重量比(硫化水素:組成物)を達成するような量で取り込まれる、方法。
- 請求項6に記載された硫化水素を捕捉する方法であり、前記組成物が、1:0.2から1:1である前記炭化水素中の前記硫化水素と前記組成物の重量比(硫化水素:組成物)を達成するような量で取り込まれる、方法。
- 請求項6乃至8のいずれか一項に記載の方法であり、前記硫化水素を含む炭化水素が、原油、燃料油、酸ガス及び貯蔵タンク、容器、パイプライン中のアスファルト及び精製物を含む群から選択される、方法。
- 請求項1乃至5いずれか一項に記載の組成物であり、前記組成物が、硫化水素及びメルカプタンを含む硫黄化合物を捕捉する、組成物。
- 請求項6乃至9のいずれか一項に記載の方法であり、前記組成物が、硫化水素及びメルカプタンを含む硫黄化合物を捕捉する、方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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IN1185MU2009 | 2009-05-05 | ||
IN1185/MUM/2009 | 2009-05-05 | ||
PCT/IN2010/000286 WO2010128523A2 (en) | 2009-05-05 | 2010-05-03 | Method of scavenging hydrogen sulfide from hydrocarbon stream |
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JP2012525964A JP2012525964A (ja) | 2012-10-25 |
JP5863642B2 true JP5863642B2 (ja) | 2016-02-16 |
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US (1) | US8778172B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2427257B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5863642B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101814388B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102481512B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2010245644B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI1007586B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2760780C (ja) |
CL (1) | CL2011002762A1 (ja) |
CO (1) | CO6450635A2 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2406762T3 (ja) |
HR (1) | HRP20130378T1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2011011744A (ja) |
MY (1) | MY148744A (ja) |
PE (1) | PE20121139A1 (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2427257T3 (ja) |
SG (1) | SG175899A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010128523A2 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA201108129B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102481512B (zh) | 2009-05-05 | 2014-11-19 | 多尔夫凯塔尔化学制品(I)私人有限公司 | 从烃流中清除硫化氢的方法 |
CA2786077C (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2014-09-30 | Dorf Ketal Chemicals (India) Private Limited | Additive and method for removal of impurities formed due to sulfur compounds in crude oils containing calcium naphthenate |
ES2882131T3 (es) * | 2010-11-15 | 2021-12-01 | Dorf Ketal Chemicals India Private Ltd | Eliminación del calcio del petróleo crudo que contiene naftenato de calcio |
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CN102481512B (zh) | 2014-11-19 |
WO2010128523A2 (en) | 2010-11-11 |
US8778172B2 (en) | 2014-07-15 |
CA2760780C (en) | 2014-02-04 |
CA2760780A1 (en) | 2010-11-11 |
PE20121139A1 (es) | 2012-08-27 |
EP2427257A2 (en) | 2012-03-14 |
KR101814388B1 (ko) | 2018-01-03 |
EP2427257B1 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
HRP20130378T1 (hr) | 2013-06-30 |
MX2011011744A (es) | 2011-12-08 |
PL2427257T3 (pl) | 2013-07-31 |
ES2406762T3 (es) | 2013-06-10 |
ZA201108129B (en) | 2012-07-25 |
AU2010245644B2 (en) | 2014-05-08 |
MY148744A (en) | 2013-05-31 |
CL2011002762A1 (es) | 2012-04-13 |
JP2012525964A (ja) | 2012-10-25 |
SG175899A1 (en) | 2011-12-29 |
WO2010128523A3 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
WO2010128523A4 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
BRPI1007586A2 (pt) | 2017-01-31 |
CN102481512A (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
BRPI1007586B1 (pt) | 2020-10-27 |
AU2010245644A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
CO6450635A2 (es) | 2012-05-31 |
US20120055848A1 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
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