JP5856948B2 - エレクトロルミネッセンス装置 - Google Patents
エレクトロルミネッセンス装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5856948B2 JP5856948B2 JP2012509123A JP2012509123A JP5856948B2 JP 5856948 B2 JP5856948 B2 JP 5856948B2 JP 2012509123 A JP2012509123 A JP 2012509123A JP 2012509123 A JP2012509123 A JP 2012509123A JP 5856948 B2 JP5856948 B2 JP 5856948B2
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- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 185
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 105
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- AWXGSYPUMWKTBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-carbazol-9-yl-n,n-bis(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 AWXGSYPUMWKTBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 101000837344 Homo sapiens T-cell leukemia translocation-altered gene protein Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102100028692 T-cell leukemia translocation-altered gene protein Human genes 0.000 description 6
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RICKKZXCGCSLIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[carboxymethyl-[[3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl]methyl]amino]ethyl-[[3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl]methyl]amino]acetic acid Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CN(CCN(CC(O)=O)CC=2C(=C(C)N=CC=2CO)O)CC(O)=O)=C1O RICKKZXCGCSLIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3,5-bis(1-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)phenyl]-1-phenylbenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C1C1=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004518 low pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoxaline Chemical compound N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- RKVIAZWOECXCCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-carbazol-9-yl-n,n-diphenylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21)C1=CC=CC=C1 RKVIAZWOECXCCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCPGBPKLXYETTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylphenanthro[9,10-b]pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=NC(C)=CN=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 DCPGBPKLXYETTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101500028161 Homo sapiens Tumor necrosis factor-binding protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102400000089 Tumor necrosis factor-binding protein 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical compound [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004556 carbazol-9-yl group Chemical group C1=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3N(C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000547 conjugated polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000412 dendrimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000736 dendritic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010893 electron trap Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004770 highest occupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005524 hole trap Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004768 lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960002796 polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PFBLRDXPNUJYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)OOC(C)(C)C PFBLRDXPNUJYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
- H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
- H10K50/13—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light comprising stacked EL layers within one EL unit
- H10K50/131—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light comprising stacked EL layers within one EL unit with spacer layers between the electroluminescent layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
- H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/321—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3]
- H10K85/324—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3] comprising aluminium, e.g. Alq3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/341—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes
- H10K85/342—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes comprising iridium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Description
特に前記層の材料及びその厚さが開示され、以下の略語が使用される。α−NPD:N,N0−ジフェニル−N,N0−ビス(1−ナフチル)−1,10−ビフェニル−4,40−ジアミン;Ir(MDQ)2(acac):ビス(2−メチルジベンゾール[F,H]キノキサリン)(アセチルアセトネート)−IR−(III);TBPI:1,3,5−トリス−(1−フェニル−1H−ベンズイミダゾール−2−イル)−ベンゼン;TCTA:4,4’,4’’−トリス(カルバゾール−9−イル)−トリフェニルアミン;Ir(ppy)3:トリス−(フェニル−ピリジル)−IR;CBP:4,4’−ビス(カルバゾール−9−イル)−ビフェニル;Spiro−DPVBi:4,4ビス−2,2−ジフェニルビニル−1,1−スピロビフェニル;BAlq:アルミニウム(III)ビス(2−メチル−8−キノリネート)−4−フェニルフェノレート。
さらに、より高電圧を供給することでEL装置の明るさレベルを変更することができる。即ち、前記装置から発光する全光量が増加する。さらなり実施態様において、低い明るさレベル及び低電圧供給で空の青色が達成され、高い明るさレベル及び高電圧供給により明るい暖かな白色が達成される。従って、好ましい実施態様において、色は供給電圧及び明るさレベルにより調節され得る。さらに、黒体曲線に沿う色シフトが、望ましい及び/又は高い効率ですべての明るさレベルで可能となる。
前記スタックは9層からなり、CVD技術により基板(図示されていない)上に堆積される約100nm(ボトム)のITOアノードから開始される。前記ITO上には次の層が見られる。即ち、α−NPD層、厚さ約10nm、α−NPD:10%Ir(MDQ)2acac層、厚さ約10nm、TCTA:15%Ir(ppy)3層、厚さ約10nm、TBPi層間層2、厚さ約3nm、SpiroDPVBi層、厚さ約10nm、BAIq層、厚さ約50nm、LiF層、厚さ約1nm、及びAl層、厚さ約100nmである。
Claims (9)
- エレクトロルミネッセンス装置であり、前記装置は:基板、2つの電極及び前記2つの電極の間に配されたスタックを含み、前記スタックは少なくとも2つの異なる発光色を持つエレクトロルミネッセンス発光層及び少なくとも2つの隣接するエレクトロルミネッセンス発光層の間に設けられる少なくともひとつの層間層を含み、前記エレクトロルミネッセンス発光層はエレクトロルミネッセンス分子を含み、及び前記層間層が非ドープ層間層であり、前記層間層の厚さが2nm以上かつ3nm以下の厚さであり、前記層間層は、電子及び正孔の輸送のためのバリアとして機能し、かつ、前記層間層によって分離される少なくとも2つのエレクトロルミネッセンス発光層のそれぞれに存在するエレクトロルミネッセンス分子の浸入を可能にする材料で構成されることで、前記エレクトロルミネッセンス分子を含むインターフェース領域を含み、前記層間層内での前記電子の移動性が前記層間層内での前記ホールの移動性とは異なり、その結果前記層間層内での前記電子の電場依存性が前記層間層内での前記ホールの電場依存性とは異なり、前記エレクトロルミネッセンス装置がさらに、前記エレクトロルミネッセンス装置の色を調節するために電力及び/又は電圧源が前記電極に接続され、前記EL装置へ変更電圧及び/又はパルス駆動方式を与えて、前記エレクトロルミネッセンス装置が明るさのレベルが一定又は変動するレベルで色調節する、エレクトロルミネッセンス装置。
- 請求項1に記載のエレクトロルミネッセンス装置であり、前記少なくともひとつの電極が透明又は半透明である、エレクトロルミネッセンス装置。
- 請求項1に記載のエレクトロルミネッセンス装置であり、前記エレクトロルミネッセンス装置がOLED装置であり、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス分子を含む少なくとも2つのエレクトロルミネッセンス発光層を含む、エレクトロルミネッセンス装置。
- 請求項1に記載のエレクトロルミネッセンス装置であり、前記発光色が補色である、エレクトロルミネッセンス装置。
- 請求項1に記載のエレクトロルミネッセンス装置であり、前記基板が、透明又は半透明基板、ガラス基板、柔軟性基板及び/又はポリマー基板を含む群から選択される、エレクトロルミネッセンス装置。
- 請求項1に記載のエレクトロルミネッセンス装置を含む、光源、ランプ、昼光ランプ、モニタ又はテレビ。
- 請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載のエレクトロルミネッセンス装置又は請求項6に記載の光源、ランプ、昼光ランプ、モニタ又はテレビの色を調節する方法であり、前記電極へ供給する電圧を変化させる、方法。
- 請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載のエレクトロルミネッセンス装置又は請求項6に記載の光源、ランプ、昼光ランプ、モニタ又はテレビの色を、前記装置の一定の明るさで調節する方法であり、パルス駆動方式を前記装置に適用する、方法。
- 請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載のエレクトロルミネッセンス装置の製造方法であり、前記方法が:
(a)基板を準備し;及び
(b)前記基板上に順に、第一の電極、エレクトロルミネッセンス分子を含み異なる発光色を持つ少なくとも2つのエレクトロルミネッセンス発光層のスタック及び前記少なくとも2つの隣接する発光層の間に設けられる厚さ2nm以上かつ3nm以下の層間層及び第二の電極を堆積し、前記層間層が非ドープ層間層であり、
前記層間層内での前記電子の移動性が前記層間層内での前記ホールの移動性とは異なり、前記層間層内での前記電子の電場依存性が前記層間層内での前記ホールの電場依存性とは異なり、さらに
前記エレクトロルミネッセンス装置の色を調節するために電力及び/又は電圧源が準備され、前記電力及び/又は電圧源が前記電極に接続され、前記EL装置へ変更電圧及び/又はパルス駆動方式を与えて、前記エレクトロルミネッセンス装置が明るさのレベルが一定又は変動するレベルで色調節する、製造方法。
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PCT/IB2010/051845 WO2010128426A1 (en) | 2009-05-05 | 2010-04-28 | Electroluminescent device |
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CN104037349A (zh) * | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-10 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 叠层有机电致发光器件及其制备方法 |
KR102081248B1 (ko) * | 2013-06-05 | 2020-02-26 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기 발광 표시 장치 |
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JP5857006B2 (ja) * | 2013-07-31 | 2016-02-10 | Lumiotec株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセント素子及び照明装置 |
KR102126544B1 (ko) * | 2013-12-30 | 2020-06-24 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기 전계 발광 소자 및 유기 전계 발광 표시 장치 |
CN103682117B (zh) * | 2013-12-31 | 2017-10-27 | 北京维信诺科技有限公司 | 一种有机发光照明装置 |
KR102260480B1 (ko) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-06-02 | 연세대학교 산학협력단 | 유기 발광 소자 및 그 제조 방법 |
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US6872472B2 (en) | 2002-02-15 | 2005-03-29 | Eastman Kodak Company | Providing an organic electroluminescent device having stacked electroluminescent units |
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JP2005150082A (ja) | 2003-10-24 | 2005-06-09 | Pentax Corp | 白色有機エレクトロルミネセンス素子 |
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US7192659B2 (en) | 2004-04-14 | 2007-03-20 | Eastman Kodak Company | OLED device using reduced drive voltage |
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JP2006210848A (ja) * | 2005-01-31 | 2006-08-10 | Toyota Industries Corp | 発光装置及び有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の駆動方法 |
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JP2008530810A (ja) * | 2005-02-17 | 2008-08-07 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | パターニングされた発光層厚を持つoled装置 |
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TW201106781A (en) | 2011-02-16 |
TWI593310B (zh) | 2017-07-21 |
WO2010128426A1 (en) | 2010-11-11 |
EP2427925A1 (en) | 2012-03-14 |
US20120146488A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
US8624485B2 (en) | 2014-01-07 |
KR20120027294A (ko) | 2012-03-21 |
CN102414858A (zh) | 2012-04-11 |
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