JP5852018B2 - 炭化水素をアップグレードするためのプロセス及びそのプロセスにおいて使用するための装置 - Google Patents
炭化水素をアップグレードするためのプロセス及びそのプロセスにおいて使用するための装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 56
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 55
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 55
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 49
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011275 tar sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 vacuum residue Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004533 oil dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- IOMXCGDXEUDZAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1511179 Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1N=NC1=NC=CS1 IOMXCGDXEUDZAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011165 process development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G31/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for
- C10G31/08—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by treating with water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1033—Oil well production fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1074—Vacuum distillates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1077—Vacuum residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
- C10G2300/308—Gravity, density, e.g. API
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/80—Additives
- C10G2300/805—Water
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
(a)毛細管が通っている毛細管混合機中で、炭化水素油を超臨界流体と混合して、体積で10:1から1:5の間の油対超臨界流体の比率を有する液滴の分散液を形成すること、
(b)超臨界流体条件下で、アップグレーディング反応が起こることを可能にするのに十分な滞留時間にわたって、反応域中の分散液を反応させ、それによって反応生成物を形成すること、及び
(c)反応生成物を、ガス、流出水、及びアップグレードした炭化水素相に分離すること、
を含むプロセスに関する。
(a)流体をこの流体の臨界温度を超える温度に加熱し、超臨界流体を形成するためのヒーター、
(b)入口と出口を有し、内径約0.25mmから約2.5mmの間の毛細管が通っている本管、及び毛細管と0から90°の間の角度で交差する注入管を含む毛細管混合機、
(c)超臨界流体をヒーターから毛細管混合機の注入管に供給するための流体の入口、
(d)炭化水素油を毛細管混合機の本管の入口に供給するための油の入口、
(e)毛細管混合機の本管の出口と接続可能な反応域、並びに
(f)反応域中で形成された生成物を、ガス、流出水、及びアップグレードした炭化水素相に分離するための反応域と接続可能な分離器、
を含むシステムに関する。
API比重は、ASTM試験法D4052−91に従い、デジタル密度計を使用して測定した。
Claims (17)
- 炭化水素をアップグレードするためのプロセスであって、
(a)入口と出口を有し、0.25mmから2.5mmの間の内径を有する毛細管が通っている本管、及び前記毛細管と0から90°の間の角度で交差する注入管を含む毛細管混合機中で、
本管内に設置された毛細管に注入され、毛細管の先端で液滴の微細な噴霧を形成する炭化水素油と注入管を通して供給される超臨界流体とを混合して、体積で10:1から1:5の間の油対超臨界流体の比率にて、超臨界流体中の炭化水素油の液滴の分散液を形成することであって、
この分散液が前記本管内の毛細管の外側で形成されること、
(b)超臨界流体条件下で、アップグレーディング反応が起こることを可能にするのに十分な滞留時間にわたって、反応域中の分散液を反応させ、それによって反応生成物を形成すること、及び
(c)反応生成物を、ガス、流出水、及びアップグレードした炭化水素相に分離すること、
を含む上記プロセス。 - 生成物のアップグレードした炭化水素相が、炭化水素油のAPI比重より少なくとも8°高いAPI比重を有する請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 炭化水素油が、約20°より低いAPI比重を有する請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- (a)のステップの前に、炭化水素油を約80℃から約400℃の間の温度に加熱することを更に含む請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 炭化水素油が、全重質石油原油、タールサンドビチューメン、石油原油から得られた重質炭化水素画分、重質真空軽油、減圧残油、石油タール、コールタール及びそれらの混合物からなる群から選択される炭化水素を含む請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 超臨界流体が、約374℃から約1000℃の間の温度の超臨界水を含む請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 反応域中の分散液が、外部から供給される触媒又は促進剤が何も存在しない中で反応する請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 反応域中の分散液が、外部から添加される水素が存在しない中で反応する請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 分散液が、反応域中で約1分から約6時間の間の滞留時間を有する請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 毛細管混合機中の油が、約1から約500cm/秒の間の空塔速度を有する請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 毛細管内の油が、約10から約1000の間のレイノルズ数を有する請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 炭化水素油が、本管内に設置された毛細管に注入され、毛細管の先端で液滴の微細な噴霧を形成し、毛細管の外側で超臨界流体中に徐々に溶解する、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 反応生成物の分離が、ガス、流出水、及びアップグレードした炭化水素相に、1つ又は複数の高圧分離器を使用することによって行われる、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記毛細管混合機が、並行に配置されている複数の毛細管混合機を含む、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 炭化水素をアップグレードするためのシステムであって、
(a)流体をこの流体の臨界温度を超える温度に加熱し、超臨界流体を形成するためのヒーター、
(b)入口と出口を有し、0.25mmから2.5mmの間の内径を有する毛細管が通っている本管、及び毛細管と0から90°の間の角度で交差する注入管を含む毛細管混合機であって、
本管内に設置された毛細管に注入され、毛細管の先端で液滴の微細な噴霧を形成する炭化水素油と注入管を通して供給される超臨界流体とを混合して分散液を形成することを可能とする前記毛細管混合機、
(c)超臨界流体をヒーターから毛細管混合機の注入管に供給するための流体の入口、
(d)炭化水素油を毛細管混合機の本管の入口に供給するための油の入口、
(e)毛細管混合機の本管の出口と流体連通している反応域、並びに
(f)反応域中で形成された生成物を、ガス、流出水、及びアップグレードした炭化水素相に分離するための反応域と流体連通している分離器、
を含む上記システム。 - 反応域からかすを除去する手段を更に含む請求項15に記載のシステム。
- 並行に配置されている複数の毛細管混合機を含む請求項15に記載のシステム。
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US12/711,124 | 2010-02-23 | ||
US12/711,124 US8197670B2 (en) | 2010-02-23 | 2010-02-23 | Process for upgrading hydrocarbons and device for use therein |
PCT/US2011/025091 WO2011106217A2 (en) | 2010-02-23 | 2011-02-16 | Process for upgrading hydrocarbons and device for use therein |
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JP2013520529A JP2013520529A (ja) | 2013-06-06 |
JP5852018B2 true JP5852018B2 (ja) | 2016-02-03 |
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JP (1) | JP5852018B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20130033356A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102712854B (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2011106217A2 (ja) |
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EP2908942B1 (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2020-08-12 | Applied Research Associates, Inc. | High-rate reactor system |
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CN105273753B (zh) * | 2014-07-07 | 2017-12-15 | 张殿奎 | 一种高中低温煤焦油的轻质化方法 |
US9567530B2 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2017-02-14 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process for heavy oil upgrading in a double-wall reactor |
KR101647237B1 (ko) * | 2014-12-29 | 2016-08-10 | 주식회사 효성 | 탄화수소 스트림 가열장치 |
US9802176B2 (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2017-10-31 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Method for mixing in a hydrocarbon conversion process |
DE102015206843A1 (de) * | 2015-04-16 | 2016-10-20 | Hte Gmbh The High Throughput Experimentation Company | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Versprühen von Flüssigkeiten und der Erzeugung von Feinstnebel |
US11162035B2 (en) | 2020-01-28 | 2021-11-02 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Catalytic upgrading of heavy oil with supercritical water |
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CA2790617A1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
CN102712854B (zh) | 2014-09-24 |
CA2790617C (en) | 2017-08-15 |
US20110203973A1 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
WO2011106217A3 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
CN102712854A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
US8197670B2 (en) | 2012-06-12 |
KR20130033356A (ko) | 2013-04-03 |
BR112012017430A2 (pt) | 2016-04-19 |
WO2011106217A2 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
JP2013520529A (ja) | 2013-06-06 |
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