JP5835814B2 - 金属酵素阻害化合物 - Google Patents
金属酵素阻害化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5835814B2 JP5835814B2 JP2012547272A JP2012547272A JP5835814B2 JP 5835814 B2 JP5835814 B2 JP 5835814B2 JP 2012547272 A JP2012547272 A JP 2012547272A JP 2012547272 A JP2012547272 A JP 2012547272A JP 5835814 B2 JP5835814 B2 JP 5835814B2
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- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000244 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940068968 polysorbate 80 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004405 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010232 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylparaben Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108020001775 protein parts Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002685 pulmonary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005173 quadrupole mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEMKTZHHVJILDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N resmethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(C)C)C1C(=O)OCC1=COC(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 VEMKTZHHVJILDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940079832 sodium starch glycolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920003109 sodium starch glycolate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CAQKQIYWKXZJGD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-bromo-2,2-difluoroacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)Br CAQKQIYWKXZJGD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- QWCJHSGMANYXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfaphenazole Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=NN1C1=CC=CC=C1 QWCJHSGMANYXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004818 sulfaphenazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007910 systemic administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002381 testicular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005958 tetrahydrothienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 231100001274 therapeutic index Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000002088 tosyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000037317 transdermal delivery Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003741 tranylcypromine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AHZJKOKFZJYCLG-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluoromethanesulfonate;ytterbium(3+) Chemical compound [Yb+3].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F AHZJKOKFZJYCLG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002383 tung oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000402 unacceptable toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008170 walnut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004562 water dispersible granule Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
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Description
本出願は、2009年12月31日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/291,491号の優先権を主張するものであり、その内容全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して、任意に置換されたアリール、任意に置換されたナフチル、任意に置換されたヘテロアリール、任意に置換されたアルキル、任意に置換されたアラルキル、任意に置換されたシクロアルキル、任意に置換されたヘテロシクロアルキル、任意に置換されたヘテロアリールアルキルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアリール−(ジ)フルオロアルキルであり、
R3は独立して、任意にH、置換されたアルキルまたは置換されたシクロアルキルである)。
式中、(I)もしくは(II)は、以下の化合物:
金属酵素が、チトクロームP450ファミリ、ヒストン脱アセチル化酵素、マトリックスメタロプロテイナーゼ、ホスホジエステラーゼ、シクロオキシゲナーゼ、炭酸脱水酵素および一酸化窒素合成酵素から選択される酵素クラスの一員であり、金属酵素は、アロマターゼ(CYP19)、シクロオキシゲナーゼ、ラノステロールデメチラーゼ(CYP51)、一酸化窒素合成酵素、トロンボキサン合成酵素(CYP5a)、甲状腺ペルオキシダーゼ、17−αヒドロキシラーゼ/17,20−リアーゼ(CYP17)、アルドステロン合成酵素(CYP11B2)、チトクロームP450 2A6、ヘムオキシゲナーゼ、インドールアミン2,3−ジオキシゲナーゼ、レチノイン酸ヒドロキシラーゼ(CYP26)またはビタミンDヒドロキシラーゼ(CYP24)であるか、
金属酵素が、17−αヒドロキシラーゼ/17,20−リアーゼ(CYP17)であるか、
金属酵素が、4−ヒドロキシフェニルピルビン酸ジオキシゲナーゼ、5−リポキシゲナーゼ、アデノシンデアミナーゼ、アルコール脱水素酵素、アミノペプチダーゼN、アンギオテンシン変換酵素、アロマターゼ(CYP19)、カルシニューリン、カルバモイルリン酸合成酵素、炭酸脱水酵素ファミリ、カテコール−O−メチル転移酵素、シクロオキシゲナーゼファミリ、ジヒドロピリミジン脱水素酵素−1、DNAポリメラーゼ、ファルネシル二リン酸合成酵素、ファルネシル転移酵素、フマル酸還元酵素、GABAアミノ基転移酵素、HIF−プロリルヒドロキシラーゼ、ヒストン脱アセチル化酵素ファミリ、HIVインテグラーゼ、HIV−1逆転写酵素、イソロイシンtRNAリガーゼ、ラノステロールデメチラーゼ(CYP51)、マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼファミリ、メチオニンアミノペプチダーゼ、中性エンドペプチダーゼ、一酸化窒素合成酵素ファミリ、ホスホジエステラーゼIII、ホスホジエステラーゼIV、ホスホジエステラーゼV、ピルビン酸フェレドキシン酸化還元酵素、腎臓ペプチダーゼ、リボヌクレオシド二リン酸還元酵素、トロンボキサン合成酵素(CYP5a)、甲状腺ペルオキシダーゼ、チロシナーゼ、ウレアーゼおよびキサンチン酸化酵素であるか、あるいは
金属酵素が、1−デオキシ−d−キシルロース−5−リン酸レダクトイソメラーゼ(DXR)、17−αヒドロキシラーゼ(CYP17)、アルドステロン合成酵素(CYP11B2)、アミノペプチダーゼP、炭疽菌致死因子、アルギナーゼ、β−ラクタマーゼ、チトクロームP450 2A6、D−Ala−D−Alaリガーゼ、ドーパミン−β−ヒドロキシラーゼ、エンドセリン変換酵素−1、グルタミン酸カルボキシペプチダーゼII、グルタミニルシクラーゼ、グリオキサラーゼ、ヘムオキシゲナーゼ、HPV/HSV E1ヘリカーゼ、インドールアミン2,3−ジオキシゲナーゼ、ロイコトリエンA4加水分解酵素、メチオニンアミノペプチダーゼ2、ペプチド脱ホルミル酵素、ホスホジエステラーゼVII、レラキサーゼ、レチノイン酸ヒドロキシラーゼ(CYP26)、TNF−α変換酵素(TACE)、UDP−(3−O−(R−3−ヒドロキシミリストイル))−N−アセチルグルコサミン脱アセチル化酵素(LpxC)、血管接着タンパク質−1(VAP−1)またはビタミンDヒドロキシラーゼ(CYP24)である方法であってもよい。
Berg, University Science Books, (1994); "Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions"
by Basolo and Pearson John Wiley & Sons Inc; 2nd edition (September 1967);
"Biological Inorganic Chemistry" by Ivano Bertini, Harry Gray, Ed
Stiefel, Joan Valentine, University Science Books (2007); Xue et al.
"Nature Chemical Biology", vol. 4, no. 2, 107-109 (2008)などの参考文献に例示されているように、金属と配位子との結合相互作用を評価する方法が当該技術分野で知られている。
2−(1−(6,7−ビス(ジフルオロメトキシ)ナフタレン−2−イル)−2−メチルプロピル)−2H−テトラゾール(1)、
2−(2−メチル−1−(6−(2,2,2−トリフルオロエトキシ)ナフタレン−2−イル)プロピル)−2H−テトラゾール(2)、
2−(1−(6,7−ジメトキシナフタレン−2−イル)−2−メチルプロピル)−2H−テトラゾール(3)、
2−(1−(6−(ジフルオロメトキシ)ナフタレン−2−イル)−2−メチルプロピル)−2H−テトラゾール(4)、
およびその薬学的に許容される塩、溶媒和物もしくは水和物から選択される。
本発明をより容易に理解できるように、便宜上ここで特定の用語を最初に定義する。
66:1-19を参照)。プロドラッグは、化合物の最終的な単離および精製の間に原位置で、あるいは好適なエステル化剤によってその遊離酸形態の精製された化合物またはヒドロキシルを別々に反応させることによって調製することができる。ヒドロキシル基は、カルボン酸による処理によってエステルに変換することができる。プロドラッグ部分の例としては、置換もしくは非置換の分岐鎖もしくは非分岐鎖状の低級アルキルエステル部分(例えば、プロピオン酸エステル)、低級アルケニルエステル、ジ低級アルキルアミノ低級アルキルエステル(例えば、ジメチルアミノエチルエステル)、アシルアミノ低級アルキルエステル(例えば、アセチルオキシメチルエステル)、アシルオキシ低級アルキルエステル(例えば、ピバロイルオキシメチルエステル)、アリールエステル(フェニルエステル)、アリール低級アルキルエステル(例えば、ベンジルエステル)、(例えば、メチル、ハロまたはメトキシ置換基によって)置換されたアリールおよびアリール低級アルキルエステル、アミド、低級アルキルアミド、ジ低級アルキルアミドおよびヒドロキシアミドが挙げられる。好ましいプロドラッグ部分は、プロピオン酸エステルおよびアシルエステルである。生体内で他の機構によって活性型に変換されるプロドラッグも含まれる。いくつかの態様では、本発明の化合物は、本明細書中の式のいずれかのプロドラッグである。
And Optimization in Organic Synthesis, 2nd Edition, Carlson R, Ed,
2005; Elsevier Science Ltd.; Jahnisch, K et al, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.
2004 43: 406およびその中の参考文献)。さらなる反応スキームおよび手順は、市販の構造検索可能なデータベースソフトウェア、例えば、SciFinder(登録商標)(米国化学会のCAS部門)およびCrossFire Beilstein(登録商標)(Elsevier MDL社)を用いて、またはGoogle(登録商標)などのインターネット検索エンジンを用いる適切なキーワード検索によって、あるいは米国特許商標庁テキストデータベースなどのキーワードデータベースによって、当業者が決定してもよい。
一態様では、本発明は、金属酵素活性を調整するのに十分な量および条件下で対象を式IもしくはIIの化合物に接触させることを含む、対象における細胞の金属酵素活性の調整方法を提供する。
一態様では、本発明は、本明細書中の式(例えば、式I、IIまたはIII)のいずれかの化合物と、薬学的に許容される担体とを含む医薬組成物を提供する。
Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 66:1-19 (1977)を参照)。本発明の特定の具体的な化合物は、本化合物を塩基または酸付加塩のいずれか一方に変換させることができる塩基性および酸性の両官能基を含む。当業者に知られている他の薬学的に許容される担体は本発明に適している。
& Woodbury, "General Principles," In: Goodman and Gilman's The
Pharmaceutical Basis of Therapeutics, Chapter 1, pp. 1-46, latest edition,
Pagamonon Pressおよび本明細書に引用されている参考文献を参照されたく、その開示内容が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本明細書中の化合物および組成物は、本明細書中の化合物を植物(例えば、種、苗、草、雑草、穀物)に接触させることを含む植物の表面にいる微生物の金属酵素活性を調整する方法で使用することができる。本化合物または組成物を、対象の植物、田畑または他の農業領域に投与する(例えば、接触させる、塗布する、噴霧する、霧吹きする、散布するなど)ことによって、本明細書中の化合物および組成物を使用して、植物、田畑または他の農業領域を治療することができる(例えば、除草剤、殺虫剤、成長調整剤など)。この投与は出芽前または後であってもよい。この投与は治療または予防措置のいずれかとしてであってもよい。
本明細書のスキーム中の構造の可変部分に関する定義は、本明細書に詳述されている式の中の対応する位置の可変部分の定義に相応している。
化合物A(40g、0.21mol)のCH2Cl2(600mL)撹拌溶液に、−5℃で塩化イソブチリル(34mL、0.31mol)を添加した後、窒素雰囲気下で20分間にわたってAlCl3(56.8g、0.42mol)を数回に分けて添加した。反応物を放置してゆっくりと室温まで温め、3時間撹拌し、反応混合物を氷冷水(200mL)に入れ、有機層を分離した。次いで、水層をCH2Cl2(2×100mL)で抽出し、一緒にした有機抽出物を、5%NaHCO3溶液(100mL)、水(100mL)、塩水(100mL)で洗浄し、無水Na2SO4で乾燥した。真空中での濾過および蒸発後、粗製材料をn−ヘキサンで洗浄して、化合物B(35g、0.13mol、63%)を灰色がかった白色の固体として得た。1H NMR (200 MHz, CDCl3):
δ8.34 (s, 1 H), 7.90 (dd, J = 8.6,1.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.26
(s, 1 H), 7.14 (s, 1 H), 4.03 (s, 6 H), 3.79-3.63 (m, 1 H), 1.27 (d, J = 7.0
Hz, 6H)。MS (ESI): m/z 259 [M+H]+。
δ8.29 (s, 1 H), 7.88 (dd, J = 8.8, 1.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.68 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1 H),
7.36 (s, 1 H), 7.26 (s, 1 H), 5.88 (br s, 2 H), 3.79-3.63 (m, 1 H), 1.27 (d, J
= 6.8 Hz, 6 H)。
8.5, 1.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.86 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.79 (s, 1 H), 7.68 (s, 1 H),
6.67 (t, JF,H = 73 Hz, 1 H),
6.65 (t, JF,H = 73 Hz, 1 H), 3.72-3.65 (m, 1 H), 1.27 (d, J =
7.0 Hz, 6 H)。
δ7.80-7.72 (m, 2 H), 7.64 (s, 2 H), 7.50 (dd, J = 8.4, 1.8 Hz, 1 H), 6.63 (t, JF,H
= 72 Hz, 2 H), 4.58-4.53 (m, 1 H), 2.10-2.00 (m, 1 H), 1.95 (d, J = 3.0 Hz, 1
H), 1.00 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 3 H), 0.84 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 3 H)。
δ7.81-7.72 (m, 2 H), 7.65 (s, 2 H), 7.53 (dd, J = 8.6, 1.8 Hz, 1 H), 6.62 (t, JF,H
= 74 Hz, 2 H), 4.75 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.38-2.28 (m, 1 H), 1.14 (d, J = 6.4
Hz, 3 H), 0.87 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 3 H)。
7.81 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.72 (dd, J = 8.5, 1.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.67-7.64 (m, 2 H),
(t, JF,H = 73 Hz, 2 H), 5.65 (d, J = 11.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.04-2.99 (m, 1
H), 0.91 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 3 H), 0.87 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 3 H)。MS (ESI): m/z 385 [M+H]+。HPLC:
94.4%。
化合物G(1.0g、5.91mmol)のDMF(10mL)撹拌溶液に、室温でK2CO3(2.44g、17.75mmol)およびCF3CH2I(3.72g、17.75mmol)を添加した。反応混合物を60℃で16時間加熱した。反応混合物を水(25mL)で希釈した後、水層をEtOAc(3×50mL)で抽出した。一緒にした有機抽出物を、水(50mL)、塩水(50mL)で洗浄し、無水Na2SO4で乾燥した。真空中での溶媒の濾過および蒸発後、粗製材料を、15%EtOAc/ヘキサンで溶出させるカラムクロマトグラフィ(SiO2、100〜200メッシュ)で精製して、化合物H(0.47g、1.87mmol、32%)を淡黄色の固体として得た。1H NMR (200 MHz, CDCl3): δ8.18 (s, 1 H), 7.83 (t, J = 9.4
Hz, 2 H), 7.60 (dd, J = 8.6, 1.4 Hz,1 H), 7.32 (dd, J = 8.8, 2.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.18
(app s, 1 H), 4.50 (q, J = 8.0 Hz, 2 H)。MS (ESI): m/z
252.1 [M+H]+。
δ8.42 (s, 1 H), 8.05 (dd, J = 8.6, 1.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.92 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1 H),
7.80 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.29 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.17 (app s, 1 H), 4.50
(q, J = 8.2 Hz, 2 H), 3.77-3.63 (m, 1 H), 1.28 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 6 H)。MS (ESI): m/z 297 [M+H]+。
δ7.78 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.73-7.71 (m, 2 H), 7.47 (dd, J = 9.0, 2.0 Hz, 1
H), 7.22 (dd, J = 8.5, 2.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.15 (s, 1 H), 4.52-4.44 (m, 3 H),
2.07-2.05 (m, 1 H), 1.88 (s, 1 H), 1.04 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 3 H), 0.83 (d, J = 6.5
Hz, 3 H)。MS
(ESI): m/z 299 [M++1]。
δ8.50 (s, 1 H), 7.92 (s, 1 H), 7.80 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.56-7.68 (m, 2 H),
7.22 (dd, J = 9.0, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.13 (s, 1 H), 5.64 (d, J = 11.0 Hz, 1 H),
4.47 (q, J = 8.0 Hz, 2 H), 3.04-2.99 (m, 1 H), 0.92 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 3 H), 0.95
(d, J = 6.5 Hz, 3 H)。HPLC: 97.3%。
テトラゾール(0.32g、4.6mmol)の乾燥アセトニトリル(2mL)撹拌溶液に、不活性雰囲気下、10℃で、塩化チオニル(0.16mL、2.3mmol)のアセトニトリル(1mL)溶液を滴下し、得られた混合物を10℃で1時間撹拌した。次いで、K2CO3(0.23g、1.73mmol)を反応混合物に滴下した後、10℃で化合物K(0.3g、1.15mmol)のアセトニトリル(2mL)溶液を滴下した。添加の完了後、反応混合物を放置して室温にし、16時間撹拌した。揮発性物質を真空蒸発させ、得られた残留物を水(10mL)で希釈し、EtOAc(2×30mL)で抽出した。一緒にした有機相を塩水で洗浄し、無水Na2SO4で乾燥し、真空中で濾過および蒸発させた。粗製材料を、25%アセトン/ヘキサンで溶出させるカラムクロマトグラフィ(SiO2、100〜200メッシュ)で精製して、化合物3(0.10g、0.32mmol、27.8%)を固体として得た。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): δ8.62 (s, 1 H), 7.73-7.65 (m, 2
H), 7.38 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.10 (s, 2 H), 5.27 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.99
(s, 6 H), 2.97-2.92 (m, 1 H), 0.97-0.91 (m, 6 H)。HPLC:
98.8%。質量: m/z 243 [M+-CH2N4+1]。
化合物G(10.0g、0.05mol)のDMF(100mL)撹拌溶液に、不活性雰囲気下、室温で、K2CO3(48.9g、0.35mol)および2−ブロモ−2,2−ジフルオロ酢酸エチル(59g、0.29mol)を添加した。反応混合物を110℃まで徐々に加熱し、48時間撹拌し続けた。反応の進行をTLCで監視した。反応混合物を水(100mL)で希釈し、ジエチルエーテル(3×100mL)で抽出した。一緒にした有機相を、水(100mL)、塩水(100mL)で洗浄し、無水Na2SO4で乾燥し、真空中で濾過および濃縮した。粗製材料をカラムクロマトグラフィ(SiO2、100〜200メッシュ)で精製して、化合物L(2.0g、0.009mol、15.5%)を灰色がかった白色の固体として得た。1H NMR (200 MHz, CDCl3):
δ8.23 (s, 1 H), 7.90 (t, J = 8.8 Hz, 2 H), 7.65 (dd, J = 8.6, 1.6 Hz, 1 H),
7.54 (app s, 1 H), 7.40 (dd, J = 9.2, 2.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.67 (t, JF,H =
73.0 Hz, 1 H)。MS (ESI): m/z 221 [M+H]+。
δ8.46 (s, 1 H), 8.09-7.95 (m, 2 H), 7.85 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.52 (app s, 1
H), 7.35 (dd, J = 8.8, 2.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.67 (t, JF,H = 73.4 Hz, 1 H),
3.77-3.64 (m, 1 H), 1.28 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 6 H)。MS (ESI):
m/z 265 [M+H]+。
δ7.85-7.76 (m, 3 H), 7.52-7.47 (m, 2 H), 7.30 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.62 (t, JF,H
= 73.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.55 (dd, J = 6.6, 2.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.11-2.01 (m, 1 H), 1.92 (app
s, 1 H), 1.02 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 3 H), 0.83 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 3 H)。MS
(ESI): m/z 268 [M+H]+。
7.85 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.80 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.40 (dd, J = 8.5, 1.5
Hz, 1 H), 7.49 (s, 1 H), 7.40 (dd, J = 9.0, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.61 (t, JF,H
= 73.5 Hz, 1 H), 5.65 (d, J = 11 Hz, 1 H), 3.05-3.00 (m, 1 H), 0.92 (d, J = 7.0
Hz, 3 H), 0.87 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 3 H)。MS (ESI): m/z 319
[M+H]+。HPLC: 93.9%。
1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3):
δ8.50 (s, 1 H), 7.96 (s, 1 H), 7.85 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.80 (d, J = 9.0 Hz,
1 H), 7.40 (dd, J = 8.5, 1.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.49 (s, 1 H), 7.40 (dd, J = 9.0, 2.5
Hz, 1 H), 6.61 (t, JF,H = 73.5 Hz, 1 H), 5.65 (d, J = 11 Hz, 1 H),
3.05-3.00 (m, 1 H), 0.92 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 3 H), 0.87 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 3 H)。HPLC: 99.2%。
キラルHPLC:保持時間=10.2分[カラム:Chiralpak IC、250×4.6mm、5u、移動相:A)n−ヘキサン、B)IPA、定組成:A:B(90:10)、流量:1.00mL/分、希釈液:EtOH:ヘキサン(20:80)]。
旋光度[α]D:38.2°(c=0.5w/v%のMeOH溶液)。
A.CYP17の阻害
以下の手順に従って、CYP17活性をアッセイした。DMSO:ACN(50:50のv/v)での連続希釈によって、各試験化合物およびイソ酵素阻害剤(ケトコナゾール)の溶液を、2700、540、90、18、3、0.6および0.1μMの濃度で別々に調製した。次いで、個々の試験化合物およびイソ酵素阻害剤溶液を、135、27、4.5、0.9、0.15、0.03および0.005μMの濃度まで、脱イオン水(50:950v/v)で20倍に希釈した。最終反応混合物中の試験化合物または阻害剤混合物に起因する有機溶媒の割合は1%である。貯蔵したラット睾丸ミクロソーム懸濁液(20mg/ml)をリン酸緩衝液で希釈して、1.25mg/mlの懸濁液を得た。NADPH溶液を、2.5倍の濃度のリン酸緩衝液で調製した。基質の原液を、DMSO:MeCN(50:50v/v)で調製し、混合し、リン酸緩衝液で希釈して、5μMの基質を含有する単一の溶液を得た。最終反応混合物中の基質混合物に起因する有機溶媒の割合は、1%である。基質溶液およびミクロソーム懸濁液を、1:1の体積比で一緒にし、混合し、PCRプレートの反応ウェルに分注した。各濃度の個々の試験化合物または阻害剤溶液をウェルに添加し、繰り返しの吸引/分注サイクルによって混合した。活性制御のために、試験化合物溶液の代わりに空試験化合物希釈液を添加した。反応混合物を放置して、37℃で約2分間平衡させた後、NADPH溶液を添加して、反応を開始させ、次いで、反応混合物をピペットで混合した。ここに開示されている主題化合物は、表1に示す範囲のIC50を呈する。
A.肝臓チトクロームP450酵素の阻害
各試験化合物の溶液を、DMSO:MeCN(50:50v/v)での連続希釈によって、20000、6000、2000、600、200および60μMの濃度で別々に調製した。次いで、個々の試験化合物溶液を、1000、300、100、30、10および3μMの濃度まで、DMSO:MeCN:脱イオン水(5:5:180v/v/v)で20倍に希釈した。イソ酵素阻害剤(それぞれ、イソ酵素2C9、2C19および3A4の具体的な阻害剤としてのスルファフェナゾール、トラニルシプロミンおよびケトコナゾール)の混合物を、DMSO:ACN(50:50v/v)での連続希釈によって、6000、2000、600、200、60、20、6および2μMの濃度の各阻害剤を含有するように調製した。次いで、混合阻害剤溶液を、300、100、30、10、3、1、0.3および0.1のμMの濃度まで、DMSO:MeCN:脱イオン水(5:5:180v/v/v)で20倍に希釈した。最終反応混合物中の試験化合物または阻害剤混合物に起因する有機溶媒の割合は、2%v/vであった。
本出願の全体にわたって引用されている全ての参考文献(文献、取得済特許、公開特許出願および同時係属中の特許出願を含む)の内容全体が参照により本明細書に明示的に組み込まれる。
当業者であれば、本明細書に記載されている本発明の具体的な実施形態の多くの均等物を知っているか、日常の実験のみを用いて確認することができるであろう。そのような均等物は、以下の特許請求の範囲によって包含されるものである。
Claims (28)
- R1は置換されたナフチルであり、R2はアルキルであり、R3はHである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R1は、アルキル、アルコキシ、ハロアルコキシ、シアノ、ハロ、アミノ、モノアルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノまたはヘテロアリールから独立して選択された1、2、3または4つの置換基で置換されたナフチルである、請求項2に記載の化合物。
- 2−(1−(6,7−ビス(ジフルオロメトキシ)ナフタレン−2−イル)−2−メチルプロピル)−2H−テトラゾール(1)、
2−(2−メチル−1−(6−(2,2,2−トリフルオロエトキシ)ナフタレン−2−イル)プロピル)−2H−テトラゾール(2)、
2−(1−(6,7−ジメトキシナフタレン−2−イル)−2−メチルプロピル)−2H−テトラゾール(3)、
2−(1−(6−(ジフルオロメトキシ)ナフタレン−2−イル)−2−メチルプロピル)−2H−テトラゾール(4)、
またはそれらの塩、溶媒和物、もしくは水和物である、
請求項1に記載の化合物。 - 前記化合物は、CYP17阻害剤として特定されている、請求項1、4、または5のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- 請求項1、4、または5のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を金属酵素に接触させることを含む、金属酵素活性を阻害するための医薬組成物であって、
前記金属酵素は17−αヒドロキシラーゼ/17,20−リアーゼ(CYP17)である、医薬組成物。 - 前記接触は生体内接触である、請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記接触は生体外接触である、請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記化合物を対象に投与することをさらに含む、請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。
- 式(III)の前記化合物は、CYP17に対してIC50<0.46μMであり、CYP2C9、CYP2C19およびCYP3A4に対してIC50>4.8μMである活性範囲を有するものとして特定されている、請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。
- 金属酵素活性を調整するのに十分な量および条件下で対象を請求項1に記載の化合物に接触させるために使用することを含む、対象における金属酵素活性を調整するための医薬組成物であって、
前記金属酵素は17−αヒドロキシラーゼ/17,20−リアーゼ(CYP17)である、医薬組成物。 - 対象に有効量の請求項1に記載の化合物を投与するために使用することを含む、金属酵素に関連する障害または疾患に罹患しているか罹患しやすい対象を治療するための医薬組成物であって、
前記金属酵素は17−αヒドロキシラーゼ/17,20−リアーゼ(CYP17)である、医薬組成物。 - 対象が金属酵素に関連する障害または疾患の治療を必要としているものとして特定され、それを必要としている前記対象が前記疾患に対して治療されるように、前記対象に有効量の請求項1に記載の化合物を投与するために使用することを含む、金属酵素に関連する障害または疾患に罹患しているか罹患しやすい対象を治療するための医薬組成物であって、
前記金属酵素は17−αヒドロキシラーゼ/17,20−リアーゼ(CYP17)である、医薬組成物。 - 対象が金属酵素媒介性障害または疾患の治療を必要としているものとして特定され、それを必要としている前記対象における金属酵素活性が調整されるように、前記対象に有効量の請求項1に記載の化合物を投与するために使用することを含む、金属酵素媒介性障害または疾患に罹患しているか罹患しやすい対象を治療するための医薬組成物であって、
前記金属酵素は17−αヒドロキシラーゼ/17,20−リアーゼ(CYP17)である、医薬組成物。 - 前記疾患または障害は、癌である、請求項12〜15のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記疾患または障害は、前立腺癌、乳癌、アンドロゲン依存性癌、エストロゲン依存性癌、副腎過形成症、前立腺肥大、男性化症、多毛症、男性型脱毛症、思春期早発症、子宮内膜症、子宮筋腫、子宮癌、乳腺症、多嚢胞性卵巣症候群、不妊症、座瘡、機能性卵巣アンドロゲン過剰、慢性無排卵を伴う高アンドロゲン症、高アンドロゲン症、早発性副腎皮質徴候発現、副腎もしくはアンドロゲン過剰、または子宮筋腫である、請求項12〜15のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 植物の中または表面における真菌増殖の治療または予防において使用するための、請求項1に記載の化合物と農学的に許容される担体とを含む、組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の化合物を植物に接触させることを含む、植物の中または表面における金属酵素媒介性疾患または障害の治療または予防方法であって、
前記金属酵素は17−αヒドロキシラーゼ/17,20−リアーゼ(CYP17)である、方法。 - 請求項1、4、または5のいずれかに記載の化合物を植物に接触させることを含む、植物の表面にいる微生物における金属酵素活性の阻害方法であって、
前記金属酵素は17−αヒドロキシラーゼ/17,20−リアーゼ(CYP17)である、方法。 - 請求項1、4、または5のいずれかに記載の化合物を植物に接触させることを含む、植物の中または表面における真菌性疾患または障害の治療または予防方法であって、
前記真菌性疾患または障害は17−αヒドロキシラーゼ/17,20−リアーゼ(CYP17)によって媒介される、方法。 - 請求項1、4、または5のいずれかに記載の化合物を植物に接触させることを含む、植物の中または表面における真菌増殖の治療または予防方法であって、
前記真菌増殖は17−αヒドロキシラーゼ/17,20−リアーゼ(CYP17)によって媒介される、方法。 - 請求項1、4、または5のいずれかに記載の化合物を植物に接触させることを含む、植物の中または表面にいる微生物の阻害方法であって、
前記微生物は17−αヒドロキシラーゼ/17,20−リアーゼ(CYP17)によって媒介される、方法。 - エポキシコナゾール、テブコナゾール、フルキンコナゾール、フルトリアホール、メトコナゾール、ミクロブタニル、シプロコナゾール、プロチオコナゾールおよびプロピコナゾールから選択されるアゾール殺菌剤をさらに含む、請求項18に記載の組成物。
- トリフロキシストロビン、ピラクロストロビン、オリサストロビン、フルオキサストロビンおよびアゾキシストロビン群からのストロビルリン殺菌剤をさらに含む、請求項18に記載の組成物。
- 前立腺癌、乳癌、アンドロゲン依存性癌、エストロゲン依存性癌、副腎過形成症、前立腺肥大、男性化症、多毛症、男性型脱毛症、思春期早発症、子宮内膜症、子宮筋腫、子宮癌、乳腺症、多嚢胞性卵巣症候群、不妊症、座瘡、機能性卵巣アンドロゲン過剰、慢性無排卵を伴う高アンドロゲン症、高アンドロゲン症、早発性副腎皮質徴候発現、副腎もしくはアンドロゲン過剰、または子宮筋腫を治療するために使用される、請求項1に記載の化合物と薬学的に許容される担体とを含む、組成物。
- さらなる治療薬をさらに含む、請求項26に記載の組成物。
- 抗癌剤、化学療法剤、抗血管新生薬、細胞毒性薬、または抗細胞増殖薬であるさらなる治療薬をさらに含む、請求項26に記載の組成物。
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