JP5830661B2 - Crop cultivation system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a crop growing system that controls the growth of crops (plants).

  Conventionally, a method for controlling the growth of a crop by irradiating the crop with light from an artificial light source is known. For example, the plant is irradiated with a mixed light of far-red light and red light near one or both of the light period near the start period and the end period in the light period of the plant, thereby treating the plant for a short day. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  Moreover, there exists a method which raises the sugar content of a fruit by irradiating at least one of far red light and red light for 1-3 hours after sunset with respect to a solanaceous plant (especially tomato) (for example, refer patent document 2). .

JP 2009-136155 A JP 2007-282544 A

  However, the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 mainly accelerates the flowering time of a plant and does not necessarily promote the growth of the plant. Therefore, for the purpose of extending the stem length that determines the commercial value of the plant. It may not be suitable. Moreover, although it is necessary to suppress the flower bud differentiation in order to extend stem length efficiently, this method does not mention any flower bud differentiation.

  In addition, the method disclosed in Patent Document 2 increases the fruit sugar content and does not necessarily promote the growth of the crop. Further, since the method is limited to solanaceous plants, it may not be applicable to other crops. There is sex. Also, this method makes no mention of flower bud differentiation.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem, and controls the day length by light irradiation from an artificial light source to efficiently promote the growth of the crop and suppress the bud differentiation of the crop, The object is to provide a crop cultivation system that can improve the quality.

The crop growing system of the present invention includes a first light source that irradiates far-red light having a peak wavelength in the wavelength range of 685 to 780 nm with respect to the crop, and red light having a peak wavelength in the wavelength range of 610 to 680 nm with respect to the crop. , A control unit that controls the irradiation operation of the first light source and the second light source, and a time for which the control unit performs the irradiation operation of the first light source and the second light source. A time setting unit for setting a band, wherein the first light source performs irradiation operation from a time period before an irradiation operation time period of the second light source, and the second light source Is set so that the irradiation operation is continuously performed with respect to the end of the irradiation operation of the first light source in the time zone after sunset.

  The time setting unit is preferably set so that the first light source irradiates from a time zone before sunset.

The time setting unit, it is preferable that the first light source is set to the irradiation operation to so that a portion of the time period from sunset to 3 hours before sunrise.

  The first light source and the second light source are preferably realized by controlling the wavelength of light emitted from one type of light source.

The second light source preferably emits red light so that the irradiance is 0.02 W / m ² or more and the integrated irradiance is 0.2 kJ / m ² or more.

  According to the present invention, the far-red light and the red light are sequentially irradiated to the crop, so that the growth of the crop is efficiently promoted and the flower bud differentiation is suppressed to improve the productivity and quality of the crop. Can be made.

The figure which shows the structure of the crop cultivation system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the spectral characteristic of the light irradiated from the 1st light source and 2nd light source which are used with the said system. The side view which shows arrangement | positioning with respect to the crop of the said 1st light source and 2nd light source. The top view which shows arrangement | positioning with respect to the crop of the said 1st light source and 2nd light source. The perspective view of the irradiation apparatus with which the said 1st light source and the 2nd light source were accommodated in one housing | casing. The figure which shows the light irradiation pattern of the 1st light source by Example 1, and a 2nd light source. The figure which shows the light irradiation pattern by the comparative example 1. FIG. The figure which shows the light irradiation pattern by the comparative example 2. FIG. The figure which shows the light irradiation pattern by the comparative example 3. FIG. The figure which shows the light irradiation pattern by the comparative example 4. The figure which shows the light irradiation pattern by the comparative example 5. FIG. The figure which shows the light irradiation pattern by the comparative example 6. FIG. The figure which shows the light irradiation pattern by the comparative example 7. FIG. The figure which shows the relationship between the average growth promotion difference of the said crop, and the light irradiation start time of a 1st light source. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a light irradiation pattern according to Example 2. The figure which shows the light irradiation pattern by the comparative example 8. FIG. The figure which shows the light irradiation pattern by the comparative example 9. FIG. The figure which shows the light irradiation pattern by the comparative example 10. FIG.

  A crop cultivation system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This system promotes the growth of crops (especially flowering plants) in a fully-closed plant seedling production system, facility cultivation such as an agricultural vinyl house or glass house, or outdoor cultivation.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the crop growing system 1 includes a first light source 2 that emits far-red light, a second light source 3 that emits red light, and a control unit 4 that controls the irradiation operation of these light sources 2 and 3. And a time setting unit 5 for setting a time zone for irradiating the control unit 4 with the light sources 2 and 3. The first light source 2, the second light source 3, and the time setting unit 5 are electrically connected to the control unit 4 through distribution lines 6, respectively. The 1st light source 2 and the 2nd light source 3 are arrange | positioned above the crop P accommodated in the housing | casing (refer FIG. 5 mentioned later) and planted in the fence F, and irradiate the crop P with light. The casing is made of a material having high thermal conductivity, excellent heat dissipation, and high light reflectivity, for example, a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel, or a resin such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

The first light source 2 irradiates far red light having a peak wavelength in a wavelength range of 685 to 780 nm. The first light source 2 includes a light emitter 21 that emits light including far-red light in the above wavelength range, and a light source 21 that is attached to cover the light emitting surface of the light emitter 21 and emits light from the light emitter 21. A far-red filter 22 that preferentially transmits far-red light. The light emitter 21 is, for example, a far-red LED that directly emits far-red light, a far-red fluorescent lamp, a far-red EL element, or an incandescent lamp or HID lamp that emits light containing far-red light (such as a high-pressure sodium lamp or a xenon lamp). ). The far-red filter 22 is composed of, for example, an optical filter that has been subjected to color resin, color glass, or optical multilayer film processing. The first light source 2 preferably emits far-red light so that the irradiance is 0.02 W / m ² or more and the integrated irradiance is 0.2 kJ / m ² or more. Irradiance is measured using a Leica light meter Li-250 and a sensor Li-200SA. When the light emitter 21 mainly emits far red light in the above wavelength range, the first light source 2 does not necessarily need to have the far red filter 22 and may be composed of only the light emitter 21.

The second light source 3 emits red light having a peak wavelength in a wavelength range of 610 to 680 nm. The second light source 3 includes a light emitter 31 that emits light including red light in the wavelength range, and a red light in the wavelength range of light emitted from the light emitter 31 that is attached to cover the light emitting surface of the light emitter 31. And a red filter 32 that preferentially transmits light. The light emitter 31 is composed of, for example, a red LED, a red fluorescent lamp, a red EL element that directly emits red light, or an incandescent lamp or HID lamp that emits light including red light. The red filter 32 is composed of, for example, an optical filter subjected to color resin, color glass, or optical multilayer film processing. The second light source 3 emits red light so that the irradiance is 0.02 W / m ² or more and the integrated irradiance is 0.2 kJ / m ² or more. In addition, when the light emitter 31 mainly emits red light, the second light source 3 does not necessarily have the red filter 32 and may be composed only of the light emitter 31.

  The control unit 4 includes a microcomputer, a relay, a switch, and the like, and is a dimming device that adjusts the output of far-red light emitted from the first light source 2 and the output of red light emitted from the second light source 3. Have. The light control device is composed of, for example, a light controller, and electrically controls the irradiance of light emitted from these light sources 2 and 3.

  The time setting unit 5 is configured by a timer, a microcomputer, and the like, and performs the irradiation operation of the first light source 2 and the second light source 3 at a time preset by the user. The time setting unit 5 performs the irradiation operation before sunset, in which the first light source 2 is a time zone before the irradiation operation time zone of the second light source 3, and the second light source 3 is in a time zone after sunset. Thus, the irradiation operation is set after the irradiation operation time zone of the first light source 2. The time setting unit 5 is set so that the first light source 2 ends the irradiation operation and the second light source 3 starts the irradiation operation. That is, the far-red light from the first light source 2 and the red light from the second light source 3 are continuously applied to the crop P. The time setting unit 5 includes an optical sensor that senses the intensity of sunlight (natural light), and determines the timing for irradiating the light sources 2 and 3 by sensing the brightness around the crop P using this optical sensor. May be. Further, the time setting unit 5 has a solar time switch in which the sunrise time and sunset time of one year are stored in advance, and the light sources 2 and 3 are irradiated on the basis of the sunset time stored in the solar time switch. The operation timing may be determined. Further, the time setting unit 5 may be configured integrally with the control unit 4.

  FIG. 2 shows the spectral characteristics of the far-red light emitted from the first light source 2 and the red light emitted from the second light source 3. The solid line indicates the spectral characteristics of far red light emitted from the first light source 2 composed of the light emitter 21 composed of a fluorescent lamp and the far red filter 22, and this far red light has a peak wavelength at approximately 740 nm. The alternate long and short dash line indicates the spectral characteristics of far-red light emitted from the first light source 2 composed of the light emitter 21 composed of a far-red LED, and this far-red light has a peak wavelength of approximately 735 nm. On the other hand, the broken line indicates the spectral characteristics of the red light emitted from the second light source 3 composed of the light emitter 31 and the red filter 32 formed of a fluorescent lamp, and this red light has a peak wavelength of approximately 660 nm. An alternate long and two short dashes line indicates a spectral characteristic of red light emitted from the second light source 3 including the light emitter 31 formed of a red LED, and the red light has a peak wavelength of approximately 630 nm.

  The first light source 2 and the second light source 3 are usually disposed above the crop P. However, when the crop P is tall or has many branches and leaves, there is a possibility that a sufficient amount of light may not be irradiated to the bottom or the inside of the crop P only with the light sources 2 and 3 disposed above. . Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, in addition to the upper first light source 2a and the upper second light source 3a above the crop P (hereinafter, referred to as the upper light sources 2a and 3a), the first and second light sources are also laterally and below the crop P. The light source 2 and the second light source 3 are arranged. A side first light source 2b and a side second light source 3b (hereinafter referred to as side light sources 2b and 3b) are arranged on the side of the crop P, and a lower first light source 2c and A lower second light source 3c (hereinafter referred to as lower light sources 2c and 3c) is arranged. Thereby, even if the crop P is tall and has many branches and leaves, a sufficient amount of light from the first light source 2 and the second light source 3 can be irradiated to the entire crop P. Here, the side light sources 2b and 3b and the lower light sources 2c and 3c are arranged so that the mounting angle can be adjusted so that light can be irradiated to the crop P at an arbitrary angle. The arrangement and number of the side light sources 2b and 3b and the lower light sources 2c and 3c are not limited to those shown in the drawing.

  FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of the upper light sources 2a and 3a, the side light sources 2b and 3b, and the lower light sources 2c and 3c with respect to the crop P when viewed from above. In the illustrated example, the first light source 2 and the second light source 3 are shown as a single member for the sake of simplicity. The upper light sources 2a and 3a, the side light sources 2b and 3b, and the lower light sources 2c and 3c are equally arranged around the crop P, respectively. A plurality of the upper light sources 2a and 3a are arranged above the crop P at a predetermined interval substantially parallel to the direction in which the ridges F extend (the direction in which the crops P are continuous). The side light sources 2b and 3b are waterproofed by being covered with a cylinder or the like, and are spaced apart from each other by a certain distance to the side of the crop P in the region between the ridges F, approximately parallel to the direction in which the ridges F extend. Several are arranged. The lower light sources 2c and 3c are waterproofed by being covered with a cylinder or the like, and a plurality of lower light sources 2c and 3c are arranged on the ground between the ridges F at a predetermined interval substantially parallel to the direction in which the ridges F extend. With such an arrangement, even when the crop P is connected over a wide range with respect to the light irradiation range of each light source 2, 3, a sufficient amount of light is irradiated to the crop P. be able to. The arrangement and number of the upper light sources 2a and 3a, the side light sources 2b and 3b, and the lower light sources 2c and 3c are not limited to those shown in the drawing. Further, the side light sources 2b and 3b and the lower light sources 2c and 3c may be configured by a continuous light source such as a hollow light guide type lighting device, an optical fiber, or an EL device formed into an elongated shape.

  The light distribution and the amount of light of the upper light sources 2a and 3a, the side light sources 2b and 3b, and the lower light sources 2c and 3c are adjusted according to the growth of the crop P. For example, when the crop P is in the initial growth stage and is still small, the upper light sources 2a and 3a far from the crop P are turned off, and the side light sources 2b and 3b and the lower light sources 2c and 3c close to the crop P are turned on. . At this time, the side light sources 2b and 3b and the lower light sources 2c and 3c are adjusted so that the light distribution is set narrow by adjusting their attachment angles and the like so that the crop P can be irradiated with light intensively. The In addition, since the branches and leaves of the crop P in the initial growth stage are not sufficiently developed, the light irradiated to the crop P can spread throughout the crop P even if the amount of light is low. For this reason, the side light sources 2b and 3b and the lower light sources 2c and 3c may reduce the amount of light emitted.

  On the other hand, when the crop P grows greatly, all of the upper light sources 2a and 3a, the side light sources 2b and 3b, and the lower light sources 2c and 3c are turned on. At this time, the side light sources 2b and 3b and the lower light sources 2c and 3c are adjusted so that the light distribution is widely set by adjusting their mounting angles and the like, so that light can be irradiated to a wide range of the crop P. The In addition, since the crop P that has grown greatly is tall and can have many branches and leaves, the light irradiated to the crop P does not reach every corner of the crop P unless the amount of light is high. Therefore, it is preferable that the upper light sources 2a and 3a, the side light sources 2b and 3b, and the lower light sources 2c and 3c respectively increase the amount of light to be irradiated.

  In the present embodiment, the first light source 2 and the second light source 3 are individually housed in a housing. However, as shown in FIG. . At this time, the 1st light source 2 and the 2nd light source 3 are alternately arrange | positioned in the housing | casing 7 so that light can be uniformly irradiated with respect to the crop P, respectively.

  The growth (elongation) promoting effect and the flower bud differentiation inhibiting effect given to the crop P by the crop growing system 1 configured as described above can be obtained by actually cultivating chrysanthemum (variety: Say Prince) using the crop growing system 1. confirmed. The growth promoting effect was confirmed by calculating the average number of days required for the stem height of about 80% of chrysanthemums to be 80 cm or more. The effect of inhibiting the differentiation of flower buds was confirmed by calculating the proportion of undifferentiated flower buds in 100 randomly extracted chrysanthemum strains.

Example 1
Chrysanthemum was planted at the end of October and harvested after approximately 4 months of cultivation until February of the following year. During this period, light irradiation by the crop growing system 1 was performed for 40 days from the time of planting until the beginning of December when the stem height was 40 cm or more. FIG. 6 shows a light irradiation pattern in Example 1. In addition, this figure shows the light irradiation timing of the 1st light source 2 and the 2nd light source 3, Comprising: It does not necessarily compare the relative radiation intensity with sunlight. The same applies to the drawings relating to Example 2 and Comparative Example described below. In the first embodiment, the far-red light from the first light source 2 is irradiated to the chrysanthemum for 2 hours from 2 hours before sunset to sunset, and the red light from the second light source 3 is emitted from sunset. Irradiated against chrysanthemum for 3 hours. That is, the far-red light from the first light source 2 and the red light from the second light source 3 were continuously irradiated on the chrysanthemum with sunset in between. As the first light source 2, the above-described far red LED was used (see FIG. 2). The first light source 2 is disposed above the 20 / ^{m 2} of Density in crop P, it was irradiated with far-red light to the crop P irradiance of 0.03 W / ^{m 2.} As the second light source 3, the above-described red LED was used. The second light source 3 is disposed above the crop P at a density of 10 / m ² , and irradiates the crop P with red light at an irradiance of 0.02 W / m ² . After the light irradiation by the crop growing system 1 was completed in early December, chrysanthemums were cultivated under the irradiation of only sunlight until they flowered. As a result, as shown in Table 1, the chrysanthemum according to Example 1 reached an average stem length of 80 cm or more in 93 days, and flower bud differentiation was suppressed by 98%.

  Moreover, in the comparative example 1, as shown in FIG. 7, neither the far red light from the 1st light source 2 nor the red light from the 2nd light source 3 was irradiated, but only sunlight was irradiated with respect to chrysanthemum. . As a result, as shown in Table 1, the chrysanthemum according to Comparative Example 1 required an average of 115 days for the stem height to be 80 cm or more, and only 2% of flower bud differentiation was suppressed. This result shows that the crop cultivation system 1 efficiently promotes chrysanthemum growth and suppresses chrysanthemum flower bud differentiation.

  In Comparative Example 2, as shown in FIG. 8, in addition to sunlight irradiation, light irradiation (illuminance: 20 lux) with an incandescent lamp at night was performed on chrysanthemum. As a result, as shown in Table 1, the chrysanthemum according to Comparative Example 2 required an average of 102 days to reach a stem height of 80 cm or more, and 92% flower bud differentiation was suppressed. Although this result is not so remarkable as the crop cultivation system 1, it shows that light irradiation with an incandescent lamp promotes chrysanthemum growth and suppresses chrysanthemum flower bud differentiation.

  In Comparative Example 3, as shown in FIG. 9, in addition to sunlight irradiation and incandescent lamp irradiation in the night of Comparative Example 2, incandescent lamp irradiation was performed for 2 hours from sunset to sunset. . As a result, the chrysanthemum according to Comparative Example 3, as shown in Table 1, required an average of 100 days for the stem height to be 80 cm or more, and 90% flower bud differentiation was suppressed. Since this result is not much different from the result of Comparative Example 2, it is shown that even if incandescent lamp irradiation is performed before sunset, chrysanthemum growth promotion and flower bud differentiation inhibition are not significantly affected.

  In Comparative Example 4, as shown in FIG. 10, in addition to sunlight, far-red light from the first light source 2 is irradiated to chrysanthemum from 2 hours before sunset to sunset, The red light from the light source 3 of No. 2 was not irradiated. As a result, as shown in Table 1, the chrysanthemum according to Comparative Example 4 required an average of 116 days to reach a stem height of 80 cm or more, and only 8% of flower bud differentiation was suppressed. This result shows that the far-red light from the first light source 2 alone can hardly promote the growth of chrysanthemum and suppress the flower bud differentiation.

  In Comparative Example 5, as shown in FIG. 11, in addition to sunlight, red light from the second light source 3 is irradiated to chrysanthemum for 3 hours from sunset, and far-red light from the first light source 2 is irradiated. Was not irradiated. As a result, as shown in Table 1, the chrysanthemum according to Comparative Example 5 required an average of 103 days for the stem height to be 80 cm or more, and 87% of flower bud differentiation was suppressed. This result shows that the chrysanthemum growth can be promoted to some extent and the chrysanthemum flower bud differentiation can be suppressed by irradiation with red light from the second light source 3 alone. However, since the effect of Comparative Example 5 is weaker than that of Example 1, far-red light irradiation from the first light source 2 is required for efficient promotion of chrysanthemum growth and suppression of flower bud differentiation. It became clear.

  In Comparative Example 6, as shown in FIG. 12, in addition to sunlight, far-red light from the first light source 2 is irradiated to chrysanthemum for 5 hours from 2 hours before sunset, and the second light source 3 Red light from the sun was radiated against chrysanthemum for 3 hours from sunset. That is, the far-red light from the first light source 2 and the red light from the second light source 3 were irradiated on the chrysanthemum overlappingly in 3 hours after sunset. As a result, as shown in Table 1, the chrysanthemum according to Comparative Example 6 required an average of 104 days for the stem height to be 80 cm or more, and 93% of flower bud differentiation was suppressed. The growth promoting effect and flower bud differentiation inhibiting effect of Comparative Example 6 are weaker than those of Example 1. Therefore, for efficient growth promotion and suppression of flower bud differentiation, it is necessary to separately irradiate chrysanthemum with far-red light from the first light source 2 and red light from the second light source 3. I understood.

  In Comparative Example 7, as shown in FIG. 13, in addition to sunlight, far-red light from the first light source 2 is used for 1 hour from 2 hours before sunset to 1 hour before sunset. The red light from the second light source 3 was irradiated to chrysanthemum for 3 hours from sunset. That is, a one-hour blank was provided between the far red light irradiation from the first light source 2 and the red light irradiation from the second light source 3. As a result, the chrysanthemum according to Comparative Example 7, as shown in Table 1, required an average of 101 days for the stem height to be 80 cm or more, and 91% flower bud differentiation was suppressed. The growth promoting effect and flower bud differentiation inhibiting effect of Comparative Example 7 are weaker than those of Example 1. Therefore, it was found that if there is a blank between the far red light irradiation from the first light source 2 and the red light irradiation from the second light source 3, the growth promoting effect and the flower bud differentiation inhibiting effect are reduced.

  As described above, according to the crop growing system 1 of the present embodiment, the far-red light from the first light source 2 and the red light from the second light source 3 are continuously irradiated to the crop P. Therefore, the growth of the crop P can be efficiently promoted and the flower bud differentiation of the crop P can be suppressed. Thereby, since the cultivation cycle of the crop P is shortened, the yield of the crop P increases and productivity improves. Moreover, since the flower bud differentiation of the crop P is suppressed and the stem length is increased, the quality of the crop P is improved. Here, the far red light from the first light source 2 and the red light from the second light source 3 do not necessarily have to be continuously irradiated to the crop P. First, the crop P is irradiated with the far red light from the first light source 2, and then the red light from the second light source 3 is irradiated. That is, the crop P is irradiated with the far red light and the red light. Can be obtained sequentially, the same effects as in the present embodiment can be obtained.

  Next, a crop cultivation system according to a modification of the present embodiment will be described. The crop growing system of this modification has the same configuration as the above-described crop growing system 1, and differs from the crop growing system 1 only in the light irradiation patterns from the first light source 2 and the second light source 3.

  FIG. 14 shows the relationship between the irradiation start time of far red light from the first light source 2 and the average growth promotion difference of chrysanthemum. As can be seen from FIG. 14, the average growth promotion difference of chrysanthemum is +16 cm even when the irradiation start time of far-red light changes in the range from 15:00 to 3 hours before sunrise (approximately 3:00 in FIG. 14). Although the value is kept around, it decreases significantly after 3 hours before sunrise. Therefore, in this modification, the first light source 2 performs the irradiation operation in a part of the time zone from sunset to 3 hours before sunrise, and the second light source 3 performs the irradiation operation time of the first light source 2. The irradiation operation is set to be performed from a time zone later than the belt.

(Example 2)
The growth promoting effect and the flower bud differentiation inhibiting effect that the crop cultivation system of this modification gives to the crop P were confirmed by actually cultivating chrysanthemum using this system in the same manner as the crop cultivation system 1 described above. In Example 2, as shown in FIG. 15, in addition to sunlight, far-red light from the first light source 2 is irradiated for 2 hours from 1 hour after sunset, and immediately thereafter, from the second light source 3. Of red light was irradiated for 3 hours. As a result, as shown in Table 2, the chrysanthemums according to Example 2 reached a stem height of 80 cm or more in an average of 88 days, and 99% of flower bud differentiation was suppressed.

  In Comparative Example 8 with respect to Example 2, as shown in FIG. 16, in addition to sunlight, far-red light from the first light source 2 is irradiated to chrysanthemum for 1 hour after sunset, Red light from the second light source 3 was not irradiated. As a result, as shown in Table 2, the chrysanthemum according to Comparative Example 8 required an average of 103 days to reach a stem height of 80 cm or more, and only 7% of flower bud differentiation was suppressed. This result shows that the far-red light from the first light source 2 alone can hardly promote the growth of chrysanthemum and suppress the flower bud differentiation.

  In Comparative Example 9, as shown in FIG. 17, in addition to sunlight, red light from the second light source 3 is applied to the chrysanthemum for 3 hours from 3 hours after sunset. Of far-red light was not irradiated. As a result, as shown in Table 2, the chrysanthemum according to Comparative Example 9 required an average of 104 days for the stem height to be 80 cm or more, and 86% of flower bud differentiation was suppressed. This result shows that the chrysanthemum growth can be promoted to some extent and the chrysanthemum flower bud differentiation can be suppressed by irradiation with red light from the second light source 3 alone. However, since the effect of Comparative Example 9 is weaker than that of Example 2, far-red light irradiation from the first light source 2 is required for efficient promotion of chrysanthemum growth and suppression of flower bud differentiation. It became clear.

  In Comparative Example 10, as shown in FIG. 18, in addition to sunlight, far-red light from the first light source 2 is irradiated to chrysanthemum for 1 hour after sunset, and the second light source 3 The red light from was irradiated to chrysanthemum for 3 hours from 4 hours after sunset. That is, a one-hour blank was provided between the far red light irradiation from the first light source 2 and the red light irradiation from the second light source 3. As a result, as shown in Table 2, the chrysanthemum according to Comparative Example 10 required an average of 99 days for the stem height to be 80 cm or more, and 90% flower bud differentiation was suppressed. The growth promoting effect and flower bud differentiation inhibiting effect of Comparative Example 10 are weaker than those of Example 2. Therefore, it was found that if there is a blank between the far red light irradiation from the first light source 2 and the red light irradiation from the second light source 3, the growth promoting effect and the flower bud differentiation inhibiting effect are reduced.

  As described above, according to this modification, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the above embodiment. Also in this modified example, the far-red light from the first light source 2 and the red light from the second light source 3 do not necessarily have to be continuously applied to the crop P. Even if it is configured to irradiate, the same effect as this modification can be obtained.

  In this embodiment and its modification, the crop cultivation system is installed in a place where sunlight is irradiated, but may be installed in a completely closed plant production factory where sunlight does not reach. In this case, the first light source 2 and the second light source 3 are on / off controlled based on, for example, the light / dark schedule of an artificial light source used for growing the crop P. In addition, this crop growing system can be used throughout the year, but it can be used effectively particularly in the short days from autumn to early spring when sunlight is reduced.

  In addition, the crop cultivation system which concerns on this invention is not limited to the said embodiment and its modification, A various deformation | transformation is possible. For example, the first light source and the second light source may be realized by controlling the wavelength of light emitted from one type of light source. This can be realized, for example, by using an incandescent lamp that emits visible light of any wavelength as a light source, and appropriately combining this incandescent lamp with a far-red filter or a red filter.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crop cultivation system 2 1st light source 3 2nd light source 4 Control part 5 Time setting part P Crop

Claims (5)

A first light source that irradiates a crop with far-red light having a peak wavelength in a wavelength range of 685 to 780 nm;
A second light source that irradiates the crop with red light having a peak wavelength in a wavelength range of 610 to 680 nm;
A control unit for controlling the irradiation operation of the first light source and the second light source;
A time setting unit for setting a time zone for irradiating the first light source and the second light source to the control unit, and
The time setting unit, the first light source illuminates work from the time period before the irradiation operation than the time period of the second light source, the first light source the second light source is in the time period after sunset A crop-cultivating system, which is set so as to continuously irradiate when the irradiation operation ends .   2. The crop growing system according to claim 1, wherein the time setting unit is set so that the first light source irradiates from a time zone before sunset. The time setting unit, according to claim 1, wherein the first light source is set to the irradiation operation to so that a portion of the time period from sunset to 3 hours before sunrise Crop cultivation system. Said first and second light sources is claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is realized by controlling the wavelength of the light emitted from one light source Crop cultivation system. Said second light source is a irradiance 0.02 W / ^{m 2} or more, the integrated irradiance, and irradiating the red light so as to 0.2kJ / ^{m 2} or more claims 1 to Item 5. The crop cultivation system according to any one of Items 4 to 4.

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