JP5822709B2 - Double packaging greening material - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention provides a greening material in which seeds and a greening base material are encapsulated, which can surely form a diverse vegetation community in a deserted land that is difficult to access.

  Aviation revegetation is often used when revegetation is carried out in poorly accessible remote areas. The mainstream of aviation greening until now has been the method of mixing and stirring seeds, greening base material and water into wet slurry, packing them in buckets, transporting them to the site by helicopter, and spraying them in the air. In this method, the greening base material can be uniformly distributed according to the unevenness of the site topography, and the adhesion immediately after spraying is also good, but because the mixture of plant seeds, greening base material and water is carried to the site by helicopter or airplane. , Because there is a lot of water relative to the weight and the amount of important greening base material is reduced, it will not be effective unless it is sprayed in large quantities. For this reason, there were many problems from the economic aspect. In addition, it is difficult to ensure a sufficient thickness for plants that require a certain amount of greening base material thickness, such as woody plants, because they are easily washed away in a slurry state.

  And, as a conventional technique, there is also a small amount of method in which a dry greening base material, seeds, fertilizer, etc. are packed in a bucket and sprayed in the air. It was difficult to ensure the thickness of the greening base on the slope enough to grow.

  In addition, in the deserted greening areas where aerial greening is forced, greening is performed using conventional techniques similar to seed spraying. Although the minimum environment can be maintained by this method, compared to the greening method using a large amount of organic materials that support the growth of plants as in the normal slope, it is under extremely severe conditions in terms of nutrition and moisture. Will be placed. Because of this greening method, good and reliable establishment of the plant required additional sowing and additional fertilization for a minimum of 2-3 years after actual sowing, which required a lot of maintenance costs.

  First, in order to introduce woody plants into such a deserted wasteland, a slurry-like greening base material is sprayed in advance on the target site in advance, and then at least seeds, greening base material, fertilizer, polymer Using seed materials such as adhesives, anti-erosion materials, and fiber materials to prepare coated seed sticky materials by kneading them in a wet state, and then seeding the coated seeds by aviation A greening method characterized by construction is proposed. (For example, Patent Document 1)

  Secondly, a greening method has been proposed in which seeds and culture soil are enclosed in a bag made of water-soluble paper and sprayed from the air when spraying woody seeds aerial. (For example, Patent Document 2)

  Thirdly, a greening bag body for ecological conservation in which a greening base material, plant seeds and a porous structure material are packed in a natural fiber net, paper, non-woven fabric, etc. that are easily corroded, and the greening base material and plant There is also a method in which a mixture of greening pellets formed by compression molding of a seed is used as a material for aviation greening. (For example, Patent Document 3)

  Fourth, not only aerial greening, but also materials using seed packs containing seeds, soil and fertilizers in packaging bags made of water-soluble paper. (For example, Patent Document 4)

Invention of Japanese Patent No. 311649 Invention of JP-A-08-242614 Invention of JP 09-103125 A Invention of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-328803

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a greening material that reliably transports a greening base amount on which a woody plant can grow to an outlying wasteland to germinate and grow.

There are also problems with the seeds used. There are three main factors for seed germination: water, light, and temperature, but the factors that are considered important depend on the plant.
The seeds of pioneer woody plants, such as yamahagi, hazenoki, and nurde, that can easily invade wilderness can retain their germination function in dry wasteland. .
In addition, when nuts such as acorns are dried, the germination rate decreases, so a certain amount of water is required for storage.
It is known that herbaceous seeds such as Japanese pampas grass are difficult to germinate when buried deep in the soil, and the germination rate is remarkably lowered when buried deeper than 0.5 cm in the soil.

  For this reason, like patent document 1, if it is made to dry once after making it into a slurry form, seeds of pioneering woody plants, such as Yamagi, Hazenoki, Nurde, etc. contained in the pellet will cause germination failure and die. When acorns such as acorns are dried, germination rate decreases. In addition, grass seeds such as Japanese pampas grass cause poor germination when buried deep in the soil.

  In the invention of Patent Document 2, seeds and cultured soil are placed in a water-soluble pulp-based non-woven fabric or an ultraviolet-degradable synthetic fiber-containing corrosive bag, but herbaceous plants that are difficult to germinate when buried deeply by mixing the cultured soil and seeds. The germination rate of etc. decreases. Moreover, since only a dry or wet environment can be reproduced, a dry or wet environment cannot be created simultaneously, and the germination rate decreases depending on the type of woody plant.

  Furthermore, in the invention of Patent Document 3, so-called growth bases and seeds are introduced into corrosive paper or the like. However, since corrosive paper is single, in order to cope with plants having different germination conditions, the decomposition rate differs. Corrosion paper must be used. The invention of Patent Document 4 has the same problem.

  On the other hand, when changing the spray ratio of wet and dry single paper packs and spraying them on the deserted land that is the target of greening, plant communities for each single species are formed by spraying the green packs. A vegetation community with the diversity of pioneering plants and woody plants cannot be formed.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies, and as a result, a greening material that forms a diverse vegetation community by forming a double package structure that encloses a greening base material and the like. Completed the invention.

  The first aspect of the present invention is a greening material applied to an inaccessible deserted land lacking a vegetation base that is indispensable for the growth of a plant, inside a package made of water-soluble paper. It is to enclose a greening base material and seeds composed of at least one kind of mineral supply material and ion exchange material in a double package that encloses the package and a package made of different water-soluble paper.

  The second of the present invention is to make the shape of the double package made of water-soluble paper into a tetrahedron with sides of about 15 cm to 25 cm.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects are obtained.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the germination rate from being lowered in both wet and dry states depending on the kind of seeds, and to ensure greening.

  According to the present invention 2, since it is a soft green base material wrapped in a shape of a tetrahedron and a paper container, it hardly rolls following the unevenness of the slope after falling.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a greening material made of a tetrahedral double package.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the greening material according to the first aspect of the present invention, a mineral is supplied to a double package that encloses a package made of water-soluble paper and the package made of water-soluble paper inside the package made of water-soluble paper. It is characterized by enclosing a greening base material comprising at least one material and an ion exchange material and seeds.

  From the viewpoint of beneficial components for plants, the mineral supply material is CaO 6 mass% to 70 mass%, T-Fe 3.1 mass% or more, P2O5 0.3 mass% or more, Al2O3 4.8. A mineral-containing substance with a mass% or less is suitable, and steel slag is exemplified. Further, it is more preferable that iron powder, graphite powder or the like, which is a mineral filling material, is included.

  Steel slag is blast furnace slag discharged from blast furnace such as blast furnace granulated slag, blast furnace slow-cooled slag, hot metal pretreatment slag (desulfurization slag, desiliconization slag, dephosphorization slag), converter slag, electric furnace slag, stainless steel It is a slag formed in any refining vessel used for melting molten steel such as slag.

  The mineral-containing material may be carbonized steel slag. Steel slag can elute and extract a large amount of calcium, which is a nutrient source for plants. However, unsaturated calcium in steel slag is brought into contact with a carbon dioxide-containing gas to perform a carbonation reaction to form calcium carbonate. By using the steel slag after carbonation treatment as a mineral-containing substance, it becomes possible to efficiently elute and extract minerals such as magnesium, silicon, phosphorus and iron in addition to calcium.

  An ion exchange material is characterized by a carbon ratio (C / N ratio) of 10 or more, an organic content of 70% or more, a pH of -1.1 to 9.0, and an electrical conductivity of 2.0 mS / cm or less. For example, artificial humus, bark compost, peat moss, and humus.

  Artificial humus can be bark compost, peat moss, humus, or undegraded vegetation, tree chips, or wastewater discharged from factories, offices, sewage at end-of-life sewage treatment plants, human waste, livestock excretion. One or two or more kinds of humus soil produced by curing an organic material containing at least one kind of sludge obtained by fermentation treatment and its treated product with an acidic liquid are mixed.

  The greening base material requires at least one of a mineral supply material and an ion exchange material. Or it may contain both a mineral supply material and an ion-exchange substance, and a fertilizer, a soil vitality agent, a binder, and a water retention material can be added according to a weather condition and soil nutrient conditions. In addition, the greening base material preferably has a moisture content of 50 to 70%, but may be hydrolyzed or dried if the conditions are not met.

  The double package used for the greening material is a package made of water-soluble paper, in which a package other than the package is enclosed. The inner package is called the inner package, and the outer package is the outer package. It is called an outer package. By having two package bodies, there are two spaces, the inside of the inner package body is referred to as an inner space, and the space between the inner package body and the outer package body is referred to as an outer space.

  Since the greening material of the present invention has the two spaces described above, it is possible to mix a wet seed storage space and a dry seed storage space.

  For example, by encapsulating a greening base material in the interior space, the moisture state is maintained by moisture, and nuts such as pioneering woody seeds with a deep germination depth and acorns such as buried woody seeds. Add Do not enclose the greening base material in the outer space, create a dry state, add grass seeds that are herbaceous seeds with a shallow germination depth.

  The spread greening material first melts the outer package by rainwater, etc., and herbaceous seeds germinate and grow in a shallow place to fix the vegetation base. Next, the inner package melts, and the seeds of wood that require germination depth germinate and grow, so that a variety of herbaceous and woody varieties can be formed.

  Depending on the surrounding environment, the state of each space in the package can be optimized. For example, if a herbaceous plant community such as Japanese pampas grass is formed around the area where the greening material is sprayed, seeds can be expected to fly by the wind, and the seeds in the outer space may be reduced or not added.

  Furthermore, germination of herbaceous seeds can be promoted by enclosing a small amount of dry greening base in the outer space.

  A second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the greening material according to the first aspect of the present invention, the shape of the double package is a tetrahedron with sides of 15 cm to 25 cm. Because it is a tetrahedron shape and a soft greening base material wrapped in paper, it tends to stop following the unevenness of the slope after falling, so it does not roll easily. In addition, the greening base material and the binder contained in the water-soluble paper react with the rain due to the rain and settle on the natural ground, providing a stable base.

  In order to confirm the effect of the present invention, the change in the number of surviving plants was investigated.

  In the example, the greening base material 4 was sealed in the inner space G of the double package 1 composed of the inner package 2 and the outer package 3. The greening base material 4 was prepared by mixing 11 g of dephosphorized slag as a mineral supply material and 90 g of artificial humus soil as an ion exchange material, and adjusting the water content to 60% by mass. The inner space greening base material 4 was mixed with 20 komatsunagi seeds 5 and 5 oak seeds 5 in the outer space G ′ of the double package 1. Three bags of this double package 1 were placed in the medium and sprayed with 1 L of water per day.

  In Comparative Example 1, the greening base material 4 was enclosed in the single package 1. This greening base material was mixed with 11 g of dephosphorized slag as a mineral supply material and 90 g of artificial humus as an ion exchange material, and adjusted to a moisture content of 15% by mass. 20 seeds of Komatsunagi, 5 seeds of Quercus 5 and 20 seeds of Susuki were encapsulated in the greening base material. Three bags of this single package 2 were placed in the medium and sprayed with 1 L of water per day.

  In Comparative Example 2, the greening base material 3 was enclosed in the single package 1. The greening base material 4 was prepared by mixing 11 g of dephosphorized slag as a mineral supply material and 90 g of artificial humus soil as an ion exchange material, and adjusting the water content to 60% by mass. The greening base material 4 was filled with 20 komatsunegi seeds 5, 5 oak seeds 5, and 20 suede seeds 5. Three bags of this single package 2 were placed in the medium and sprayed with 1 L of water per day.

  Various survival transitions are shown in (Table 1). As for the survival transition of the Susuki, the survival number of the Example was higher than Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 encapsulated together with the greening base material 4. As for the survival transition of Japanese oak and Komatsunagi, the number of survival was higher in Comparative Example 2 and Example encapsulated with a wet greening base than in Comparative Example 1 encapsulated with a dry greening base.

In the example using the double package, the number of survivors was good in all three plant species.
(Table 1)

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can provide a revegetation material that can reliably form a diverse vegetation community in a revegetation work performed in a difficult-to-access place such as a deserted land in the back.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Double package 2 ... Inner package 3 ... Outer package 4 ... Tree planting base material 5 ... Seed G ... Inner space of double package 1 G '... Outer space of double package 1

Claims (2)

A revegetation material that is applied to difficult-to-access remote deserted areas lacking a vegetation base that is essential for the growth of the plant. enclosing the greening base material and woody seeds comprising at least one of the mineral feed material and the ion-exchange material in a double package space enclosing the package made of paper, the outer space enclosing the herbaceous seeds A double package greening material characterized by that.
  The double package greening material according to claim 1, wherein the double package is a tetrahedron having a side of 15 cm to 25 cm.