JP2649029B2 - Vegetation mat - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vegetation mat used for a greening method such as a slope of a hillside or a river embankment, or a slope formed with road construction or land development.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, plants are vegetated and greened on the above-mentioned slopes in order to protect the slopes and maintain the landscape. In performing such greening, conventionally, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 4-238894 or Japanese Utility Model Publication No.
There is a vegetation mat as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 26117.

[0003] In the former publication, peat moss is mainly used as a vegetation material. Therefore, a vegetation mat which is light and has good workability is disclosed. However, since peat moss has water repellency, its initial water absorption is poor. Therefore, the vegetation mat is easy to dry, and the growth of the plant is not good. Also, for this reason, when a large amount of rain is encountered immediately after construction, the vegetation material often runs off from above and below the vegetation mat due to the precipitation.

On the other hand, the vegetation mat disclosed in the latter publication is advantageous from the viewpoint of preventing the vegetation material from flowing away. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the vegetation mat is a vegetable fiber mat 5 formed into a sheet having a thickness of 5 mm or less by blending vegetable fibers mainly composed of palm fiber into a nonwoven fabric.
1, under the main bark compost, organic matter fertilizer, plant organic fertilizer, slow-acting fertilizer, germination promoter, microbial propagation agent, soil conditioner, soil bacteria, water retention agent, warming agent, humectant Mixed with plant seeds into a plant growth base material 52 containing
A greening layer material 53 having a thickness of 30 mm to 30 mm is provided.
4, 55, and further covered with both front and back nets 56, 57, and sewn with fiber yarn 58 as a whole.

[0005]

Although the conventional vegetation mat shown in FIG. 10 is effective in preventing the vegetation layer material 53 from flowing out, the vegetation layer material 53 in contact with the slope is effective. Since it is relatively hard, the vegetation mat is poorly adapted to the slope, and the back surface of the mat tends to be partially raised from the slope, and the greening layer material 53 is corroded even if it contains moisture. Requires a long period of time, and the above-mentioned various fertilizers, soil conditioners, and the like do not easily fall onto the slope. Therefore, a gap is formed between the vegetation mat and the slope, and even if the seeds germinate, they hardly take root and often die. In short, since the greening layer material 53 composed of the plant seeds and the vegetation base material does not fall and adhere to the slope, it is difficult for the vegetation mat to dry and for the vegetation to grow.

[0006] When greening a slope using a vegetation mat, for example, on a cloth with seeds, for example, for the purpose of early stabilization of the slope, grass that grows relatively quickly and grass that grows slowly have the above-mentioned method. The seeds such as flowers, wildflowers, and trees useful for the revegetation of the surface are mixed.However, when various kinds of plant seeds are mixed in such a way, the grass has a very strong vitality, so the flowers, wildflowers, and trees are used. There is also a problem that only the pasture grows in a state where these trees and the like cannot grow, and it is not possible to restore the greening by the slope trees or the like as the final purpose.

[0007] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned matters, and is well-familiar to a slope, and prevents a vegetation material including a plant seed and a vegetation base material from flowing down from the upper surface and the lower surface due to precipitation. Germination of plant seeds
The vegetation can be steadily grown by performing good growth, and the runoff of the topsoil can be effectively prevented.Furthermore, the germination and growth of the plant seeds can be improved, and the slope can be stabilized early by pasture. The present invention provides a vegetation mat capable of germinating and growing plant seeds such as flowers, wild grasses, and trees, which are useful for restoring the greening of slopes, without being subjected to pressure from pasture and the like.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a vegetation mat according to the first aspect of the present invention is provided.
Between the upper sheet and the lower sheet made of at least partially decomposable material, a vegetation material layer comprising a plant seed and a vegetation base material is sandwiched, and germination and growth of the plant seed on the outer surface side of the upper sheet. First with possible eye contact
A second net is provided in the vegetation material layer, and a second net is provided at a cut portion to be cut during manufacturing.
Vegetable fiber material, non-woven between the upper and lower sheets
Cloth, polymer absorber, paper material with water absorption and moderate water resistance
Made of any one of laminated paper materials having
Characterized by intervening . Claim 2 of the present application
The vegetation mat of the invention described in
Between top sheet and bottom sheet made of decomposable material
A vegetation material layer composed of plant seeds and vegetation base material.
At the same time as plant seeds are
Attach a first net that has an eye for sprouting,
Providing a second net in the vegetation material layer;
A water-disintegrable sheet was attached between the face sheet and the first net
It is characterized by the following. In addition, according to claim 3 of the present application.
The vegetation mat according to the invention is an at least partially degradable element.
Plant seeds between the top and bottom sheets of wood
And a vegetation material layer composed of
Germination and growth of plant seeds on the outer side of the top sheet
Attaching a first net having a good fit, said vegetation material
Providing a second net in the material layer, and further comprising:
A water-disintegrable sheet is provided on the outer surface. Change
The vegetation mat of the invention described in claim 7 of the present application
Top sheet made of at least partially decomposable material
Between plant seeds and vegetation base material
While holding the vegetation material layer, the outside of the top sheet
No. 1 on the side of the surface, which has the aim of enabling germination and growth of plant seeds
And a second net in the vegetation material layer.
And the second net comprises a water retention bag, a fertilizer bag, a seed,
Having a bag body loaded with at least one of the child bags
It is characterized by.

The water-soluble sheet in the present invention includes:
For example, it is preferable that the material does not dissolve in a relatively short time when it comes into contact with water such as rainfall, and a material made of a material such as polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter referred to as PVA) which can be completely dissolved in water is preferable. The water-disintegrable sheet does not immediately dissolve in water like a water-soluble sheet, but, for example, 30 to 50% pulp fiber, 35 to 45% polypropylene fiber, and 10 to 30%.
% Of powdery or fibrous PVA. Further, a pulp material or a material obtained by binding a material such as soup with a water-soluble sizing agent, or a water-disintegratable sheet with a tight mesh may be used.

The material of the first net 6 is not limited to a corrosion-resistant material made of synthetic fiber such as polyethylene, polypropylene or nylon which has been generally used in the past. Natural fibers such as cotton, silk, hemp, etc. that corrode and disappear over time, regenerated fibers such as viscose rayon made of regenerated cellulose, and viscose rayon fibers have higher tensile strength but higher strength over time. A corrosive material such as strong rayon fiber having the property of deteriorating and corroding may be used, and the first net may be configured to be subjected to an antibacterial treatment so that the corrosion time can be adjusted. .

The second net N ₁ of the present invention (FIGS. 1 to 6)
See), N 2 _(see FIG. 7), N 3 _(see FIG. 8) is the runoff of the lower sheet 2 and in exploded be the vegetation material layer S rainwater, effective between the first net 6 The first net (details will be described later) because it is necessary to drop the plant seeds 3 and the vegetation base material 4 from the vegetation material layer S and adhere to the slope n. ) Like 6,
It is preferable that the seed has at least a target that allows germination and growth of the plant seed. Therefore, the second net N ₁ ,
Examples of N ₂ and N ₃ include a single net or a double net. And, for example,
A second net N ₁ wherein simply stretched in the vegetation material layer S topsheet 1, the vegetation material from the lower sheet 2 can be prevented from erosion (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

Further, the second nets N ₂ (see FIG. 7) and N ₃ (see FIG. 8) provided in the vegetation material layer S load at least one of a water retention bag, a fertilizer bag, and a seed bag. It is preferable to have the bag body F made of. This is because the addition of the second net in addition to the first net provided on the top sheet has the following advantages in addition to preventing the vegetation material from flowing out.

That is, (1) In FIG. 7, when a seed bag 40 is carried in the bag body F, the plant seed 3 is contained in the vegetation material layer S. When different kinds of plant seeds are filled in the seed bag 40 provided at predetermined intervals with respect to the vegetation material layer S, for example, the vegetation material layer S is used for restoring greening of slopes such as flowers, wildflowers, and trees. Containing useful plant seeds 3,
On the other hand, by filling the seed bag 40 with the plant seeds 33 that grow fast and have strong vitality such as grass,
The grass seeds 33 and the like in the seed bag 40 are germinated and cultivated at an early stage, and the stabilization of the slope is quickly performed with the grass and the like. Thus, it is possible to germinate and grow plant seeds such as trees that are useful for the revegetation of the slope, and finally to perform revegetation with the trees or the like on the slope.
This seed bag 40 does not hinder germination and growth of vegetation,
In addition, it is made of a bag made of a soluble material such as a polymer film or a starch film dissolved in water or a water soluble paper with a cold gauze, for example, Bonric (manufactured by Venus Seishi Paper Co., Ltd.), and contains, for example, grass seeds.

(2) In FIG. 8, when a fertilizer bag 41 is carried in the bag F, the fertilizer bag 4
By supplying the fast-acting, slow-acting and slow-acting fertilizer components filled in 1 to the plant seeds 3 contained in the vegetation material layer S, the plant seeds 3 can be germinated and grown satisfactorily on the slope. Note that a seed bag 40 is also carried in the bag body F. A water retention bag may be carried in place of the seed bag 40. In short, the water retention bag, the fertilizer bag, and the seed bag can be appropriately combined and carried in the bag body F. The fertilizer bag 41 has a thickness and a breathability such that fertilizer nutrients gradually seep out due to rainfall or the like, and is made of vinylon such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyester such as polyester, polyamide such as nylon, acrylic, etc. Non-woven fabric such as polyacrylonitrile, and other preferably soluble materials (for example, a nonwoven fabric of pulp or pulp, soluble paper, a bag made of biodegradable plastic, etc., such as a fertilizer, a soil conditioner, a water retention agent, etc. The fertilizer base material necessary for directly or indirectly growing the plant is accommodated.

[0015]

In the vegetation mat of the present invention, since the upper and lower sheets for covering the plant seeds and the vegetation base are made of water-soluble sheets, the whole is highly flexible. It fits well on the surface and adheres to the slope in a state where partial lifting is suppressed. Then, when the lower surface sheet in contact with the slope is decomposed, the plant seeds and the vegetation base material fall to the slope and easily adhere to the slope, so that a gap is hardly generated between the vegetation mat and the slope. The upper surface of the vegetation mat has a water-disintegrable sheet which is less soluble than a water-soluble sheet and
Since the net is provided, the plant seeds and the vegetation base material do not run off or freeze up even when rainfall occurs. Further, the first net prevents erosion of the slope. As described above, the vegetation mat forms a growth base suitable for growing plants on the slope, and various plants grow on the growth base.

Also, a second net is newly provided in the vegetation material layer separately from the first net attached to the outer surface side of the upper sheet, so that the lower sheet and the upper sheet are decomposed by rainwater or the like. Even if the vegetation material layer runoff,
The second net and the first net can be effectively prevented.

Furthermore, for example, since the second net has a bag, the fast-acting, slow-acting, and slow-acting fertilizer components filled in the fertilizer bag carried in the bag are combined with the vegetation material layer. And the plant seeds can be germinated and grown satisfactorily on the slope. Further, the plant seeds contained in the vegetation material layer, and a plant seed of a different type from the plant seeds contained in the vegetation material layer filled in the seed bag carried in the bag body in a good manner in terms of slope In addition to being able to germinate, for example, the vegetation material layer contains plant seeds such as flowers, wildflowers, and trees that are useful for restoring the greening of slopes, while the seed bags are fast-growing and provide vitality. By filling with strong plant seeds, the grass seeds and the like in the seed bag are germinated and grown at an early stage, and while stabilizing the slope at an early stage with the grass and the like, the peripheral portion of the seed bag is It is possible to germinate and grow plant seeds, such as trees, which are useful for the revegetation of the slope, without being subjected to pressure by grass and the like, and finally, it is possible to restore the revegetation by the trees on the slope.

[0018]

1 to 2 and 5 show a vegetation mat M according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numeral 2 denotes a water-soluble upper sheet and a lower sheet.
Reference numerals 3 and 4 denote a plant seed and a vegetation base material interposed between the two sheets 1 and 2, respectively.
To form the vegetation material layer S. Reference numeral 5 denotes a water-disintegrable sheet provided on the outer surface side of the top sheet 1, 6 denotes a first net provided on the outer surface side of the water-disintegrable sheet 5, and 7 denotes the sheets 1, 2, 5 and the net 6 collectively. Sewing thread to be sewn. Reference numeral 9 denotes a site where the adjacent vegetation mat M is cut.

Further, a second net N is provided in the vegetation material layer S.
₁ is stretched.

Next, the upper sheet 1 and the lower sheet 2 are formed of a completely water-soluble polymer material such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or a water-soluble material such as water-soluble paper. It is composed of

In FIGS. 1 and 5, reference numeral 8 denotes a cut portion, which is cut by a cut line 9 set in the width direction at the center of the cut portion 8 at the time of manufacturing the mat. In the cut portion 8, a mat 10 made of a vegetable fiber material is interposed between the upper sheet 1 and the lower sheet 2 instead of the plant seed 3 and the vegetation base material 4. As the vegetable fiber material, for example, a material obtained by molding a vegetable fiber mainly composed of coconut fiber into a mat shape is preferable.

In addition to the above, it is also used for a soft non-woven fabric formed by bonding a water-retaining rayon or cotton or other fiber with a water-soluble binder without compressing it into a mat, or a disposable diaper. As the mat 10, a polymer absorbent, a laminate of a paper material having water absorbency and a paper material having appropriate water resistance can be used.

[0023] Such a mat 10 may easily without dissolving in water, and has good fixing-assimilable to Homen n, when the construction stage of the local, at the junction of the vegetation mat M, the cut Even if the portion 8 is folded downward and folded, it does not disappear immediately, it is possible to effectively prevent the runoff of the plant seeds 3 and the vegetation base material 4, and also in the cut portions 8, the plant seeds 3 can be satisfactorily removed. It can germinate and grow. By the way,
The mat 10 has, for example, a width of 25 cm, a length of 1 m, and a thickness of 5
Although a sheet formed in a rectangular sheet shape of about 6 mm is used, it is preferable that as the thickness of the vegetation mat M increases, the thickness of the mat 10 also increases. If two mats 10 are combined and a water retention material or a fertilizer is interposed therebetween, more favorable germination and growth can be promoted in the cut portion 8.

When two mats 10 are put together and a water retention material such as vermiculite or perlite or a fertilizer such as a general chemical fertilizer or a bark compost is sandwiched between the mats 10, the cut portion 8 has It can promote better germination and growth.

Examples of the plant seeds 3 sandwiched between the upper sheet 1 and the lower sheet 2 include seeds of exotic plants such as grasses and seeds of native plants such as flower plant seeds, wild grasses and trees. Used. Specifically, as forage seeds, there are creeping red fescue, highland bentgrass, red top, bermudagrass, Kentucky bluegrass, and the like. , Fly fly, California poppy, purple hananana, gypsophila, cosmos, celosia, kawaraneshiko, daisies, etc.
Japanese pampas grass, Medohagi, there is such as Japanese knotweed. Further, examples of tree plants include red pine, yabu-shabu, weasel, yamahagi, and komatsuna. Then, seeds of these plants are appropriately mixed.

The vegetation base material 4 is a base material necessary for plant growth and soil improvement, for example, general chemical fertilizers and soil improvers, organic materials such as bark compost and peat moss, and inorganic materials such as vermiculite and perlite. And the like are appropriately mixed.

The water-disintegrable sheet 5 provided between the top sheet 1 and the first net 6 is different from the water-soluble top sheet 1 and the bottom sheet 2, etc. It has the property of not melting, for example, 30 to 50% pulp fiber and 35 to 45%
Water-decomposable non-woven fabric composed of polypropylene fibers of 10% to 30% and powdery or fibrous PVA.

Here, if the addition ratio of pulp fiber is 30% or less, problems of dispersibility and strength due to dissolution of PVA due to moisture absorption occur. On the other hand, if this ratio is 50%, polypropylene fiber In addition, the addition ratio of PVA or PVA is reduced, and a problem of solubility due to moisture and a problem of strength occur.

Further, the addition ratio of the polypropylene fiber is 3
If it is 5% or less, solubility problems and strength problems due to moisture occur. On the other hand, if it is 45% or more, the addition ratio of pulp fiber or PVA decreases, and the solubility problem due to moisture decreases. Derive.

If the proportion of PVA is set to 10% or less, a problem of solubility due to moisture occurs. On the other hand, if the proportion is 30% or more, the proportion of pulp fiber or polypropylene fiber is reduced, and the strength is reduced. The above problems occur.

From the above, the pulp fiber, the polypropylene fiber and the PVA are blended in the above-mentioned ratio so as to obtain solubility and a certain strength.

The first net 6 serves to prevent the frost heave and the run-off of the plant seeds 3 and the vegetation base material 4 in the state where the top sheet 1 is melted, together with the water-decomposable sheet 5, and at least the plant It is necessary that the seeds 3 have a target capable of germinating and growing. In this embodiment, the first net 6 is made of a synthetic fiber such as polyethylene, polypropylene or nylon which has been generally used in the past, and has corrosion resistance.

In addition to the corrosion-resistant material, the first net 6 may be made of natural fibers such as cotton, silk, hemp, etc., which are decomposed and corroded by microorganisms and disappear over time, and regenerated cellulose. Regenerated fibers such as viscose rayon, or corrosive materials such as high-strength rayon fibers, which have high tensile strength compared to viscose rayon fibers, but have the property of decreasing in strength over time and corroding, Further, the net may be configured to be subjected to antibacterial treatment so that the corrosion time can be adjusted.

As the first net having been subjected to the antibacterial treatment, for example, a "vegetation netting" (Japanese Patent Application No. 4-355600) filed by the present applicant on December 19, 1992 as a patent application
No.). Therefore, the configuration of this net will be described briefly.

There are the following techniques for obtaining the first net subjected to the antibacterial treatment. One is a net composed of the corrosive material alone, or a net formed using a blended fiber composed of any of the corrosive materials and a synthetic fiber such as nylon and polypropylene.
An antibacterial agent containing dimethylbenzylammonium chloride as an active ingredient is applied, sprayed, or
The net is immersed in a treatment tank containing an antibacterial agent.

As the warp or weft constituting the first net, the corrosive material or the blended fiber is used, and the antibacterial agent is previously added to the warp or weft material. The first net is knitted with warps and wefts internally added.

The first net constructed in this way has the necessary strength, for example, in the latter half to two years when it is laid on the slope, and thereafter is gradually corroded and homogenized with the soil. Has excellent properties.

As the sewing thread 7 for sewing the sheets 1, 2, 5, 5, the first and second nets 6, N and the mat 10, jute cotton or rayon is suitable.

Next, a method of manufacturing the vegetation mat M having the above configuration will be briefly described with reference to FIGS.

A lower sheet 2 made of a PVA sheet shown in FIG. 4A is flowed on a conveyor (not shown), and a vegetation base material 4 and plant seeds 3 are dropped and sprayed. And FIG.
(B), the placed second net _{N 1.} Then, as shown in FIG. 4 (C), the vegetation base material 4 and the plant seeds 3 are dropped and sprayed on the lower sheet 2 including the second net N ₁ and the vegetation base material 4 and the plant seeds 3 to form a vegetation material layer. Second for S
To bury the net _{N 1.} This plant seed 3, vegetation base material 4
In the spraying, the non-spraying zone Z having a predetermined width in which the plant seeds 3 and the vegetation base material 4 are not sprayed at predetermined intervals (see FIG. 5).
Is formed. As shown in FIG. 4D, a PVA sheet to be the top sheet 1 is supplied to cover the top surface of the vegetation material layer S.

Next, a mat 10 is placed in the non-spraying zone Z.
Input. The spacing between the mats 10, 10 is preferably about 10 m when the thickness of the vegetation mat M is 1 cm, about 5 m when it is 2 cm, and about 3 m when it is 3 cm.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4 (E), both ends 2a of the lower sheet 2 in the traveling direction are turned upward by a folding device (not shown), and overlap with the both ends 1a of the upper sheet 1 to form an upper sheet. 1 and both end portions 1a and 1b in the traveling direction of the lower sheet 2 are sealed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4 (F), the water-disintegrable sheet 5 is supplied, and the folded portion 2a and the top sheet 1 are supplied.
The upper surface of the water-disintegrable sheet 5 is further covered with a first net 6 as shown in FIG.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 4H and 5, the lower sheet 2, the second net N ₁ , the upper sheet 1,
Mat 1 with water-disintegrable sheet 5 and first net 6
0 are collectively sewn by a sewing machine (not shown). This sewing is preferably performed at a relatively small interval (fine mesh) in the folded portion 2a, and the other portions are preferably performed at a relatively large interval (coarse mesh). Reference numeral in FIG. 4 (H) and 5 25
Indicates a sewing needle of the sewing machine.

After the sewing, the mat 10 is cut by a cutting device (not shown) at the cut portion 8 into which the mat 10 has been put, so that the mat 10 has a predetermined length and a predetermined length, as shown in FIGS. A vegetation mat M having a width is formed.
The vegetation mat M is wound into a roll by an appropriate winding device (not shown).

Further, in the vegetation mat M, since the PVA sheet is used as the upper sheet 1 and the lower sheet 2 that cover the plant seeds 3 and the vegetation base material 4, dust does not accumulate at the time of manufacturing. The working environment is well maintained. Further, when sewing is performed by the sewing machine, a small hole is formed by the sewing needle 25 penetrating the upper sheet 1 and the lower sheet 2, and the sheet portion around the small hole acts to close the small hole. Therefore, the plant seeds 3 and the vegetation base material 4 between the upper sheet 1 and the lower sheet 2 do not leak. Since the PVA sheet is used as the upper sheet 1 and the lower sheet 2, the cut portion 8 is replaced with a plant fiber mat 10 mainly composed of coconut fibers and a non-woven water-disintegrable sheet 5 instead of PVA. It is also possible to configure by heat sealing the sheet. Further, the PVA sheet can be obtained at a low cost, and an inexpensive vegetation mat M can be obtained.

Further, in the vegetation mat M, both side edges 2a in the traveling direction of the lower sheet 2 are folded upward, so that both side edges 1a of the upper sheet 1 are wrapped by the both side edges 2a. Therefore, the plant seeds 3 and the vegetation base material 4 interposed in a scattered state between the sheets 1 and 2 do not leak to the outside. Further, since both end portions 2a are turned upward so as to overlap with both end portions 1a of the top sheet 1, the plant seeds 3 between the two sheets 1 and 2 are combined with the mat 10 interposed in the cut portion 8. And the vegetation base material 4 is completely covered by the two sheets 1 and 2 and does not leak outside.

[0048] Now, the vegetation mat M having a second net N ₁ in to the vegetation material layer S, which is manufactured as described above,
For example, it is laid on the slope as follows. That is, as shown in FIG.
Are arranged in the width direction such that the length direction is the vertical direction of the slope n, and a part of the width direction overlaps with each other, and a fastening tool 27 such as an anchor is provided. Is fixed to the slope n. In this case, the top of the slope n,
That is, as shown in the enlarged view in the figure, the cut portions 8 formed at both ends in the length direction are developed at the staggered portion, and the fastening tool 27 is inserted through the cut portions 8. At the joint between the vegetation mats M, M, the cut portion 8 is
Side, and a fastener 27 is provided so as to pass through the folded portion.

At this time, separately from the first net 6, the vegetation mat M is placed on the slope n with the fastener 27 while the second net N ₁ is newly provided in the vegetation material layer S. Will be laid. According to the construction of the green slope, the water disintegrable sheet 5
Apart from the first net 6 that is attached to the outer surface of the so formed in said second net N ₁ newly the vegetation material layer S and the lower sheet 2 and the upper surface sheet 1 is decomposed, such as by rain water Even if done, the runoff of the vegetation material layer S can be effectively prevented by the first net 5.

In addition, since the upper and lower sheets 1 and 2 of the vegetation mat M are made of thin water-soluble sheets, the entire mat is rich in flexibility, and even if there are some irregularities on the slope n, the slope n Satisfactorily, and adheres to the slope n without being partially lifted. And the vegetation mat M
At the beginning, the plant seeds 3 and the vegetation base material 4 are covered with the two sheets 1 and 2, and their outflow is effectively prevented.

When water is applied to the vegetation mat M due to rainfall or water sprinkling, the upper sheet 1 and the lower sheet 2 are quickly dissolved, and in particular, the lower sheet 2 in contact with the slope n is faster than the upper sheet 1. Dissolve in Therefore, the plant seeds 3 and the vegetation base material 4 in the vegetation mat M adhere to the slope n without any gap, and the second net N
_The plant seeds 3 easily germinate without disturbing the seedlings 1, and the germinated seedlings grow reliably with the supply of fertilizer and water.

On the other hand, the top sheet 1 of the vegetation mat M
Since the water-disintegrable sheet 5 and the net 6 which are harder to dissolve than the PVA sheet are provided,
A mat 10 that is not easily dissolved in water
Are fixed on the slope n, so that the plant seeds 3 and the vegetation base material 4 on the slope n are favorably and suitably held, and the frost heaving and runoff of the plant seeds 3 and the vegetation base material 4 are effective. Is prevented.

The mat 10 is assimilated with the slope n when the plant grows, so that the plant can sufficiently take root and, like the other parts, can be planted at an early stage without any uneven growth. It can be achieved reliably.

As a water-soluble sheet, the mat 10 is assimilated with the slope n when the plant grows, so that the plant can sufficiently take root and grow like the other parts. Early and even greening without unevenness can be ensured.

Then, the upper sheet 1 and the lower sheet 2
As the water-soluble sheet used for each, a water-soluble polymer film may be used in addition to the PVA sheet. Further, as the water-disintegrable sheet 5, a sheet obtained by binding soup, polypropylene, nylon, or the like with a water-soluble paste such as PVA, or a water-disintegratable paper obtained by binding paper made of a pulp material with a water-soluble paste can be used. further,
A net T having a tight mesh as shown in FIG. 9 may be used. In this case, the net T is preferably formed from a corrosive material such as viscose rayon.

[0056] Further, as the second constituent material of the net N _1, it is preferably used the same materials and essentially the first net. That is, in addition to the corrosion-resistant material used for the first net, for example, natural fibers such as cotton, silk, and hemp, which are decomposed and corroded by microorganisms and disappear over time, and regenerated fibers such as viscose rayon made of regenerated cellulose Alternatively, a corrosive material such as strong rayon fiber, which has a higher tensile strength than viscose rayon fiber but has the property of deteriorating over time and corroding, may be used. To adjust the corrosion time.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, the plant seed 3
In addition, the upper sheet 1, the water-disintegrable sheet 5 and the net 6 are provided above the vegetation base material 4, and only the lower sheet 2 is provided below the plant seed 3 and the vegetation base material 4. However, this configuration may be variously changed as described below.

That is, a vegetation mat M in which a water-disintegrable sheet is attached to the lower surface of the lower sheet 2 may be used. Needless to say, this water-disintegrable sheet can be composed of various types similarly to the above-mentioned water-disintegrable sheet 5. In the vegetation mat M configured as described above, since the lower surface sheet 2 made of a water-soluble sheet does not directly contact the slope n, there is an advantage that the construction can be performed even when the slope n has some moisture. Alternatively, the upper sheet 1 or the lower sheet 2 may be formed of a sheet material that is at least partially decomposed, such as a water-decomposable sheet or a biodegradable sheet as described above.

FIG. 7 shows the second vegetation material layer S provided in the vegetation material layer S.
₂ shows a second embodiment of the present invention in which a net N2 has a bag body F in which a seed bag 40 is loaded.

In FIG. 7, a seed bag 40 is placed in the bag body F.
The seed bag 40 in which the plant seeds 3 are contained in the vegetation material layer S and plant seeds of a type different from the plant seeds 3 are provided at predetermined intervals with respect to the vegetation material layer S Is filled in. Since this embodiment has a character container configuration, for example, plant seeds 3 such as flowers, wildflowers, and trees, which are useful for restoring the greening of the slope, are formed in the vegetation material layer S.
On the other hand, the seed bag 40 is filled with a plant seed 33 having a high growth rate and a high vitality such as grass, so that the grass seed 33 and the like in the seed bag 40 can be germinated and grown at an early stage. The germination of plant seeds, such as trees, useful for restoring the greening of the slope, without receiving pressure from the grass or the like in the periphery of the seed bag 40 while stabilizing the slope at an early stage with the grass. It can be grown, and finally can be re-greened by the trees on the slope. The seed bag 40 does not hinder the germination and growth of the vegetation, and furthermore, a polymer film or a starch film or a water-soluble paper with a cold gauze dissolved by moisture,
For example, it is made of a bag made of a soluble material such as Bonric (manufactured by Venus Paper Co., Ltd.), and contains, for example, grass seeds.

FIG. 8 shows the second vegetation material layer S provided in the vegetation material layer S.
₃ shows a third embodiment of the present invention in which a net N3 has a bag body F in which a fertilizer bag 41 and a seed bag 40 are loaded. FIG.
In the case where the fertilizer bag 41 is carried in the bag body F, the fast-acting, slow-acting,
By supplying a slow-acting fertilizer component to the plant seed 3 contained in the vegetation material layer S, the plant seed 3 can be germinated and grown satisfactorily on the slope. Note that a seed bag 40 is also carried in the bag body F. A water retention bag may be carried in place of the seed bag 40. In short, the water retention bag, the fertilizer bag, and the seed bag can be appropriately combined and carried in the bag body F. The fertilizer bag 41 has a thickness and a breathability such that fertilizer nutrients gradually seep out due to rainfall or the like, and is made of vinylon such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyester such as polyester, polyamide such as nylon, acrylic, etc. Non-woven fabric such as polyacrylonitrile, and other preferably soluble materials (for example, a nonwoven fabric of pulp or pulp, soluble paper, a bag made of biodegradable plastic, etc., such as a fertilizer, a soil conditioner, a water retention agent, etc. The fertilizer base material necessary for directly or indirectly growing the plant is accommodated.

[0062] In this way, the second embodiment, the second net N ₂ is from a bag body F, a plant seed 3 contained in the vegetation material layer S, carried on the bag in the F Plant seeds of a type different from the plant seeds 3 contained in the vegetation material layer S filled in the seed bag 40, which can be germinated satisfactorily on the slope n. By containing plant seeds useful for revegetation of the slope n such as wild grasses and trees, on the other hand, the seed bag 40 is filled with fast-growing and viable plant seeds such as pasture in the seed bag 40. The grass seeds and the like in the bag 40 are germinated and grown at an early stage, and the steep slope n is stabilized early with the grass and the like, without being subjected to pressure by the grass and the like around the seed bag 40, Trees, etc. useful for the revegetation of slope n Can be germinated and grown, and finally can be restored to greenery using trees on the slope n. In the third embodiment, since the second net N ₃ has the bag F, the quick-acting, slow-acting, and slow-acting properties filled in the fertilizer bag 41 carried in the bag F are used. The fertilizer component can be supplied to the plant seed 3 contained in the vegetation material layer S, and the plant seed 3 can be germinated and grown satisfactorily on the slope.

[0063]

As described above, in the vegetation mat of the present invention, since the upper and lower sheets covering the plant seeds and the vegetation base material are composed of the water-soluble sheets, partial lifting is suppressed. Adhere to the slope in the state that was done. Then, when the lower surface sheet in contact with the slope is decomposed, the plant seeds and the vegetation base material fall to the slope and easily adhere to the slope, so that a gap is hardly generated between the vegetation mat and the slope. In addition, since the upper surface side of the vegetation mat is provided with a water-disintegrable sheet and a first net which are less soluble than a water-soluble sheet, the plant seeds and the vegetation base material may be washed away or froze even in the event of rainfall. There is no. In addition, the first net effectively prevents erosion on the slope with the second net.

Further, a second net is newly provided in the vegetation material layer separately from the first net attached to the outer surface side of the upper sheet, so that the lower sheet and the upper sheet are decomposed by rainwater or the like. Even if the vegetation material layer runoff,
The second net and the first net can be effectively prevented.

Further, for example, since the second net has a bag, the fast-acting, slow-acting and slow-acting fertilizer components filled in the fertilizer bag carried in the bag are added to the vegetation material layer. By supplying the seeds to the plant seeds, the plant seeds can be germinated and grown satisfactorily on the slope. Further, the plant seeds contained in the vegetation material layer, and a plant seed of a different type from the plant seeds contained in the vegetation material layer filled in the seed bag carried in the bag body in a good manner in terms of slope In addition to being able to germinate, for example, the vegetation material layer contains plant seeds such as flowers, wildflowers, and trees that are useful for restoring the greening of slopes, while the seed bags are fast-growing and provide vitality. By filling with strong plant seeds, the grass seeds and the like in the seed bag are germinated and grown at an early stage, and while stabilizing the slope at an early stage with the grass and the like, the peripheral portion of the seed bag is It is possible to germinate and grow plant seeds, such as trees, which are useful for the revegetation of the slope, without being subjected to pressure by grass and the like, and finally, it is possible to restore the revegetation by the trees on the slope.

Thus, according to the vegetation mat of the present invention, a growth base suitable for growing plants is formed on the slope,
Various plants can be successfully grown on this growth base.

[0067] In addition, vegetable fiber material, non-woven
Cloth, polymer absorber, paper material with water absorption and moderate water resistance
Made of any one of laminated paper materials having
The plant seeds and vegetation from the cut part
The base material can be prevented from running off, and its cut
Good germination and growth of plant seeds even in parts
Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially broken perspective view showing a vegetation mat according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the vegetation mat in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the vegetation mat in the same embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a view for explaining a manufacturing process of a vegetation mat in the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of a vegetation mat in the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a state in which the vegetation mat in the above embodiment is laid on a slope.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a vegetation mat according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a vegetation mat according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of a water-disintegrable sheet.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Top sheet, 2 ... Bottom sheet, 2a ... Side edge part, 3 ...
Plant seed, 4 ... vegetation base material, 5, T: water-disintegrable sheet, 6 ...
1st net, 8 ... cut part, 40 ... seed bag, 41 ...
Fertilizer bag, n: slope, M: vegetation mat, S: vegetation material layer,
F ... bag _{Corps, N 1, N 2, N} 3 ... the second of the net.

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A vegetation material layer comprising a plant seed and a vegetation base material is sandwiched between an upper sheet and a lower sheet made of a material that can be decomposed at least partially, and a plant is provided on an outer surface side of the upper sheet. A first net having an eye for allowing seeds to germinate and grow is provided , a second net is provided in the vegetation material layer, and a cut cut during production
Plant between the top sheet and the bottom sheet in the part
Fiber material, non-woven fabric, polymer absorbent, water-absorbing paper
And a laminate of paper with moderate water resistance
A vegetation mat characterized by interposing a mat made of the same. 2. A material which is at least partially decomposable.
Between the top sheet and the bottom sheet
While sandwiching the vegetation material layer consisting of the base material,
Aim for germination and growth of plant seeds on the outer side of the top sheet
A first net having a vegetative material layer
A vegetation mat comprising a second net, and a water-disintegrable sheet provided between the top sheet and the first net. 3. A material which is at least partially decomposable.
Between the top sheet and the bottom sheet
While sandwiching the vegetation material layer consisting of the base material,
Aim for germination and growth of plant seeds on the outer side of the top sheet
A first net having a vegetative material layer
A vegetation mat comprising a second net, and a water-disintegrable sheet attached to the outer surface of the lower sheet. 4. The vegetation mat according to claim 1, wherein the upper sheet and the lower sheet are made of a polyvinyl alcohol sheet. 5. The vegetation net according to claim 1, wherein the second net is a single net. 6. The vegetation net according to claim 1, wherein the second net comprises a double net. 7. An at least partially decomposable material.
Between the upper sheet and the lower surface sheet comprising, plant seeds and vegetation
While sandwiching the vegetation material layer consisting of the base material,
Aim for germination and growth of plant seeds on the outer side of the top sheet
A first net having a vegetative material layer
A vegetation mat comprising a second net , wherein the second net has a bag body loaded with at least one of a water retention bag, a fertilizer bag, and a seed bag.