JP5800831B2 - 高分解能質量分析法と薬理活性検査を利用した天然物の薬理活性物質発掘方法 - Google Patents
高分解能質量分析法と薬理活性検査を利用した天然物の薬理活性物質発掘方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
植物黄耆200gのエタノール抽出物を、液体クロマトグラフィー分離法を利用して11の分取物に分取した。使用された固定相はカラムに充填されたC18微細粒子であり、移動相は蒸留水とエタノールを使用した。移動相の組成変化に使用された溶媒勾配法は、10分間、100%蒸留水を適用した後、100分間、100%蒸留水から100%エタノールへ組成を変化させた。溶出液を各10分ごとに分取して11の分取物を得た(図1)。
各分取物の抗酸化活性を評価するために、DPPH(1,1‐Diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl)抗酸化検査を実施した。体内の活性ラジカルをなくす機能を有する抗酸化物質の活性度は、DPPH活性ラジカル消去活性測定により評価することができる。まず、各分取物を凍結乾燥させて得た抽出物粉末に50%エタノールを添加して、濃度100μg/mLの試料溶液1mLを各分取物ごとに1個ずつ、全部で11個製造した。11個の試料溶液をエタノールで2倍希釈した各試料溶液に、60μM DPPH溶液100μLを加える。30分放置後、各試料溶液において消去されたDPPHを、紫外線吸光検出器で、517nmでの吸光度で測定した。検証のための基準物質としてクロロゲン酸(chlorogenic acid)を使用した。測定された結果は、下記の表1に示し、図2に図示した。
高分解能質量分析器(Apex‐Qe 15T FT‐ICR MS:Bruker Daltonics社製)を使用して分取した11の分取物を測定して、質量スペクトルを得た。各分取物の質量測定時の平均分解能は400,000であり、平均質量測定誤差は1ppm以内であった。この質量スペクトルを基礎として、各々の分取物を構成している物質の分子量と相対的な含量を表示する質量プロファイルを作成した(図3)。
11の分取物{f1,f2,f3,…,f11}のうちi番目の分取物fiを質量分析器で分析して得た質量スペクトルに、276.204Da〜295.227Daまでの23のチャネルに分類した。このとき、各チャネルにおけるピーク強度(peak intensity)を{mi1,mi2,mi3,…,mi23 }で表わすと、mijは、i番目の分取物の質量スペクトルにおいてm/zを昇順整理したときに、j番目のピーク(peak)位置における強度(intensity)値である。また、Vj={m1j,m2j,m3j,…,m11j}(j=1,…,23)であるベクトルを、j番目のチャネルの質量分析プロファイル値として定義した。
と定義し、Cjが最大値であるjを、最も類似なパターンを示すチャネルと決定した。
活性度プロファイルと同一のパターンを示す分子量285.0755Da成分が活性成分であることを発掘し、分子式はC16H12O5であるものと即時的に決定することができた。標準品を利用した質量分析法と抗酸化活性度実験で発掘された化合物は、biochanin Aであるものと確認された(図5)。
Claims (11)
- 複数の試料の薬理活性を検査して活性度プロファイルを作成するステップ;
前記試料を質量分析器で分析して得られた質量スペクトルを基礎として、質量プロファイルを作成するステップ; 及び
前記活性度プロファイルと質量プロファイルとを、下記数式1で表わされる相関係数による相関係数比較方法を使用することにより、比較、分析して、薬理活性物質の分子量を決定するステップを含む、天然物の薬理活性物質発掘方法。
<数式1>
- 前記質量プロファイルを基礎として薬理活性物質の分子式を決定するステップをさらに含む、請求項1記載の天然物の薬理活性物質発掘方法。
- 前記試料は、天然抽出物又はその混合物である、請求項1記載の天然物の薬理活性物
発掘方法。 - 前記試料は、天然抽出物の分取物である、請求項1記載の天然物の薬理活性物質発掘方法。
- 前記分取物は、クロマトグラフィー分離法、溶解度差を利用した分液分離法、比重差を利用した分離法、密度差を利用した遠心分離法、固体試料抽出法(SPE; Solid Phase Extraction)及び色相差を利用した分離法からなる群より選択された一つ以上の方法を使用して分取したことである、請求項4記載の天然物の薬理活性物質発掘方法。
- 前記クロマトグラフィー分離法は、高性能液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)、液体クロマトグラフィー、ペーパークロマトグラフィー、イオン交換クロマトグラフィー、薄膜クロマトグラフィー、分配クロマトグラフィー、アフィニティークロマトグラフィー、ガスクロマトグラフィー、吸着クロマトグラフィー及びゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーからなる群より選択された一つ以上の方法を使用することである、請求項5記載の天然物の薬理活性物質発掘方法。
- 前記分子量を決定するステップにおいて、活性度プロファイルと質量プロファイルの比較、分析は、クラスタリングアルゴリズムを使用することである、請求項1記載の天然物の薬理活性物質発掘方法。
- 前記クラスタリングアルゴリズムは、プリンシパルコンポーネントアナリシス(Principal Component Analysis)又はサポートベクターマシン(Support Vector Machine)である、請求項7記載の天然物の薬理活性物質発掘方法。
- 前記活性度プロファイルを作成するステップにおいて、薬理活性検査は、生理活性調節作用又は疾病の予防及び治療作用を定量化することである、請求項1記載の天然物の薬理活性物質発掘方法。
- 前記活性度プロファイルを作成するステップにおいて、薬理活性検査は、抗酸化活性検査、抗癌検査、抗炎症検査及び抗菌検査の中から選択された一つ以上である、請求項1記載の天然物の薬理活性物質発掘方法。
- 前記質量プロファイルを作成するステップにおいて、質量プロファイルは、高分解能質量分析器で構成成分の分子量とその含量を測定して得られた質量スペクトルを基礎として作成することである、請求項1記載の天然物の薬理活性物質発掘方法。
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