JP5788599B2 - 反応性過酸化ラジカルをホストするカチオン性繊維、ならびにその作製方法および使用方法 - Google Patents
反応性過酸化ラジカルをホストするカチオン性繊維、ならびにその作製方法および使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
反応性繊維物質は、1分間から約1〜15分間、約20℃〜約30℃で、多量のアルミナ繊維(市販品)を、過硫酸塩由来の過硫酸アニオンを含有する溶液(0.001mM〜1M)と混合させることによって作製することができる。次いで、結果として得られる繊維を液体から分離して、過硫酸アニオンが当該繊維の外表面に結合する反応性繊維を得る。
反応性繊維物質は、1分間から約1〜約15分間、約20℃〜約30℃で、多量のセリア繊維(市販品)を、過硫酸塩由来の過硫酸アニオンを含有する溶液(約0.001mM〜約1M)と混合させることによって作製する。次いで、結果として得られる繊維を液体から分離して、過硫酸アニオンが当該繊維の外表面に結合する複数の反応性繊維を得る。
繊維の全体または一部がポリカチオン性ポリマー物質でコーティングされ、ポリカチオン性外表面を有するコーティング繊維が得られるように、多量の繊維(これらはカチオン性、アニオン性、または中性でもよい)を、ポリカチオン性ポリマー物質と混合することによって、反応性繊維物質を作製する。
反応性繊維物質のマットを、従来の不織布技術、例えば乾式布設または湿式布設などによって形成する。このようなマットを作製するために、乾式布設技術によって、所望のサイズおよび厚さのマットが形成されるまで、多量の過硫酸化アルミナ繊維物質を、表面上に析出させる。次いで、マットを使用するために表面から取り除く。マットを所望のサイズに作製または切断してもよい。
フィルターマットを、不織布技術によってポリカチオン性繊維物質から調製し、後続してペルオキシアニオンでコーティングする。
オゾン流または下流酸素プラズマは、ポリプロピレンなどの従来の疎水性ポリマー繊維(またはフィルター)の表面を酸化し、pH5以上でアニオン性になる高密度のカルボン酸塩を作製する。次いで、酸化したポリプロピレンを、1〜15分間、ポリエチレンイミン溶液(0.1M)に晒す。上記のように、49mmのフィルターは、約10mLの流体を要し得る。
典型的な用途において、スラリー状の繊維は、ポリアクリル酸塩などの少量のバインダーを使用して、厚さ約300μmのシートに乾燥する。このシートは、水処理に使用するらせん状フィルターモジュールに巻き付ける。
Claims (32)
- 正電荷を帯びた外表面を示す繊維と、
前記正電荷を帯びた外表面に結合している少なくとも1つの多価ペルオキシアニオンと、
を含む、
繊維物質。 - 少なくとも1つの多価ペルオキシアニオンが、電荷−電荷相互作用を介して結合している、
請求項1に記載の繊維物質。 - 繊維自体が正電荷を帯びていることにより、正電荷を帯びた外表面を供給する、
請求項1に記載の繊維物質。 - 繊維が、水溶液中でカチオン性の無機繊維である、
請求項1に記載の繊維物質。 - 繊維が、カーボンナノチューブ、セルロース、炭素繊維、酸化亜鉛、酸化ニッケル、アルミナ、セリア、およびこれらの組合せから選択される、
請求項1に記載の繊維物質。 - 正電荷を帯びた外表面が、繊維上のポリカチオン性ポリマーコーティングで構成されている、
請求項1に記載の繊維物質。 - 繊維がポリカチオン性ポリマーで少なくとも部分的にコーティングされて、繊維に正電荷を帯びた外表面を与えている、
請求項6に記載の繊維物質。 - 正電荷を帯びた外表面が、繊維を少なくとも部分的にコーティングしたポリカチオン性ポリマーで構成されている、
請求項6に記載の繊維物質。 - ポリカチオン性ポリマーが、ポリ(エチレンイミン)、ポリ(塩化ジアリルジメチルアンモニウム)、ポリアクリルアミド、高分子量第4級アミン、生体ポリマー、およびこれらの組合せから選択される、
請求項6に記載の繊維物質。 - 正電荷を帯びた外表面を示す繊維が、カチオン性ポリマーで少なくとも部分的にコーティングされた陰性または中性の繊維で構成される、
請求項1に記載の繊維物質。 - ペルオキシアニオンが、過硫酸アニオン(S2O8 2−)、ペルオキシ二リン酸アニオン(P2O8 4−)、過ケイ酸アニオン(SiO4 2−)、過ホウ酸アニオン(B2O4(OH)4 2−)、およびこれらの組合せから選択される、
請求項1に記載の繊維物質。 - 繊維が、生来から水溶液中でポリカチオン性である外表面を含み、ペルオキシアニオンが、過硫酸アニオン(S2O8 2−)、ペルオキシ二リン酸アニオン(P2O8 4−)、過ケイ酸アニオン(SiO4 2−)、過ホウ酸アニオン(B2O4(OH)4 2−)、およびこれらの組合せから選択される、
請求項1に記載の繊維物質。 - 繊維が、アルミナ、セリアおよびこれらの組合せから選択され、ペルオキシアニオンが、過硫酸アニオン(S2O8 2−)、ペルオキシ二リン酸アニオン(P2O8 4−)、過ケイ酸アニオン(SiO4 2−)、過ホウ酸アニオン(B2O4(OH)4 2−)、およびこれらの組合せから選択される、
請求項1に記載の繊維物質。 - 繊維がアルミナであり、ペルオキシアニオンが過硫酸アニオンである、
請求項1に記載の繊維物質。 - 繊維がポリカチオン性ポリマーで少なくとも部分的にコーティングされており、ペルオキシアニオンが過ケイ酸アニオンである、
請求項1に記載の繊維物質。 - 複数の繊維を含み、複数の繊維のそれぞれが、正電荷を帯びた外表面を示す繊維、および電荷−電荷相互作用によって正電荷を帯びた外表面に結合している少なくとも1つの多価ペルオキシアニオンを含む、
繊維マット。 - 少なくとも1つの多価ペルオキシアニオンが電荷−電荷相互作用を介して結合している、
請求項16に記載の繊維マット。 - 正電荷を帯びた外表面を示す繊維、および正電荷を帯びた外表面に結合している少なくとも1つの多価ペルオキシアニオンを含む繊維物質に、流体流を接触させること、
を含む、流体流を精製する方法。 - 少なくとも1つの多価ペルオキシアニオンが、電荷−電荷相互作用を介して結合している、
請求項18に記載の方法。
- 流体流がガスまたは液体である、
請求項18に記載の方法。 - 少なくとも1つの多価ペルオキシアニオンが、接触の前に、UV、熱、遷移金属イオンとの反応、またはこれらの組合せによって活性化される、
請求項18に記載の方法。 - 流体流が、流体流から除去されるべき有機汚染物質を少なくとも1種含む、
請求項18に記載の方法。 - 少なくとも1種の有機汚染物質が、ベンゼン、トルエン、エチルベンゼン、キシレン、1,1−ジクロロエタン、1,2−ジクロロベンゼン、1,3−ジクロロベンゼン、塩化ビニル、塩化メチレン、クロロホルム、アルドリン、クロルデン、DDT、ディルドリン、エンドリン、ヘプタクロル、ヘキサクロロベンゼン、マイレックス、ポリ塩化ビフェニル、ポリ塩化ジベンゾ−パラ−ダイオキシン、ポリ塩化ジベンゾフラン、およびトクサフェン、ならびにこれらの組合せを含む、
請求項22に記載の方法。 - 流体流との接触後に、多価ペルオキシアニオンを含有する水溶液に繊維を接触させることによって、繊維上に結合している多価ペルオキシアニオンを再生すること、
をさらに含む、請求項18に記載の方法。 - 繊維がアルミナを含み、多価ペルオキシアニオンが過硫酸アニオンを含む、
請求項18に記載の方法。 - ポリカチオン性外表面を含む繊維を準備することと、
ポリカチオン性外表面を有する繊維を、少なくとも1つのペルオキシアニオンを含む溶液と接触させることと、
を含む、繊維を作製する方法。 - 繊維を準備することが、水溶液中でポリカチオン性であるポリマーで繊維を少なくとも部分的にコーティングする工程を含む、
請求項26に記載の方法。 - ポリカチオン性ポリマーが、ポリ(エチレンイミン)、ポリ(塩化ジアリルジメチルアンモニウム)、ポリアクリルアミド、高分子量第4級アミン、生体ポリマー、およびこれらの組合せから選択される、
請求項27に記載の方法。 - 繊維が、カーボンナノチューブ、セルロース、炭素繊維、酸化亜鉛、酸化ニッケル、アルミナ、セリア、およびこれらの組合せから選択される、
請求項26に記載の方法。 - 少なくとも1つのペルオキシアニオンが、過硫酸アニオン(S2O8 2−)、ペルオキソ二リン酸アニオン(P2O8 4−)、過ケイ酸アニオン(SiO4 2−)、過ホウ酸アニオン(B2O4(OH)4 2−)、およびこれらの組合せから選択される、
請求項26に記載の方法。 - 繊維がアルミナであり、ペルオキシアニオンが過硫酸アニオンである、
請求項26に記載の方法。 - 繊維が、ポリカチオン性ポリマーで少なくとも部分的にコーティングされており、ペルオキシアニオンが過ケイ酸アニオンである、
請求項26に記載の方法。
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