JP5775426B2 - 電子機器を製造するプロセス - Google Patents
電子機器を製造するプロセス Download PDFInfo
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- JP5775426B2 JP5775426B2 JP2011253306A JP2011253306A JP5775426B2 JP 5775426 B2 JP5775426 B2 JP 5775426B2 JP 2011253306 A JP2011253306 A JP 2011253306A JP 2011253306 A JP2011253306 A JP 2011253306A JP 5775426 B2 JP5775426 B2 JP 5775426B2
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- Prior art keywords
- dielectric
- dielectric material
- phase
- low
- layer
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02123—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon
- H01L21/02126—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material containing Si, O, and at least one of H, N, C, F, or other non-metal elements, e.g. SiOC, SiOC:H or SiONC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/303—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups H01B3/38 or H01B3/302
- H01B3/306—Polyimides or polyesterimides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/42—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/447—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from acrylic compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/46—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes silicones
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02118—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer carbon based polymeric organic or inorganic material, e.g. polyimides, poly cyclobutene or PVC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02282—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process liquid deposition, e.g. spin-coating, sol-gel techniques, spray coating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K10/00—Organic devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; Organic capacitors or resistors having potential barriers
- H10K10/40—Organic transistors
- H10K10/46—Field-effect transistors, e.g. organic thin-film transistors [OTFT]
- H10K10/462—Insulated gate field-effect transistors [IGFETs]
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- H10K10/471—Insulated gate field-effect transistors [IGFETs] characterised by the gate dielectrics the gate dielectric comprising only organic materials
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- H10K10/46—Field-effect transistors, e.g. organic thin-film transistors [OTFT]
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Description
ゲート電極は、金属薄膜、導電性ポリマー膜、導電性インクまたはペーストから製造される導電性膜であってもよく、または、基板自体が、ゲート電極、例えば、高濃度にドープされたケイ素であってもよい。ゲート電極の材料の例としては、限定されないが、アルミニウム、金、クロム、インジウムスズオキシド、導電性ポリマー、例えば、ポリスチレンスルホネートがドープされたポリ(3,4−エチレンジオキシチオフェン)(PSS−PEDOT)、カーボンブラック/グラファイトまたはコロイド状の銀をポリマーバインダーに分散させたもので構成される導電性インク/ペースト、例えば、ELECTRODAGTM(Acheson Colloids Companyから入手可能)が挙げられる。ゲート電極層は、金属または導電性金属酸化物の真空蒸発、スパッタリング、スピンコーティング、キャスト成形または印刷による、導電性ポリマー溶液または導電性インクからのコーティングによって調製することができる。ゲート電極層の厚みは、例えば、金属膜の場合、約10〜約200ナノメートルの範囲であり、ポリマー導電体の場合、約1〜約10マイクロメートルの範囲である。
有機半導体層として用いるのに適した材料としては、アセン、例えば、アントラセン、テトラセン、ペンタセン、置換ペンタセン、ペリレン、フラーレン、フタロシアニン、オリゴチオフェン、ポリチオフェン、これらの置換誘導体が挙げられる。いくつかの実施形態では、有機半導体層は、液体処理可能な材料から作られる。適切な半導体材料の例としては、ポリチオフェン、オリゴチオフェン、米国特許第6,621,099号、第6,774,393号、第6,770,904号、第6,949,762号に記載の半導体ポリマーが挙げられ、この開示内容は、その全体が本明細書に参考として組み込まれる。さらに、適切な材料としては、「Organic Thin−film transistors for Large Area Electronics」、C.D.DimitrakopoulosおよびP.R.L.Malenfant、Adv.Mater.、Vol.12、No.2、pp.99−117(2002)に開示されている半導体ポリマーが挙げられ、この開示内容も、本明細書に参考として組み込まれる。
ゲート誘電体の組成および作成を本明細書に記載している。いくつかの実施形態では、誘電体は、硬度に架橋した丈夫な層である。誘電層は、熱酸発生剤、または熱酸発生剤の分解生成物を含む。ある実施形態では、誘電体は、相分離していない均一層である。他の実施形態では、誘電体は、相が分離したゲート誘電体であり、ゲート誘電体の第1の相と第2の相とが互いに接している。他の実施形態では、相間は、第1の相と第2の相との間に存在する。いくつかの実施形態では、ゲート誘電体の第1の相が、半導体層と接しており;他の実施形態では、界面層は、第1の相と半導体層との間に存在する。いくつかの実施形態では、ゲート誘電体の第1の相および第2の相の両方が半導体層と接している。他の実施形態では、ゲート誘電体の第1の相および第2の相の両方が半導体層と接しており、半導体層と第1の相との接触面積が、薄膜トランジスタのチャネル領域(ソース電極とドレイン電極との間の領域)における半導体層と第2の相との接触面積よりも大きい。
0.08グラムのポリ(4−ビニルフェノール)(PVP、Aldrich、Mw=25,000)および0.08グラムのメラミン−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂(Aldrich、n−ブタノール中、84wt%)を、1.0グラムのn−ブタノールに溶解した。その後、この混合物に、0.1グラムのポリ(メチルシルセスキオキサン)(PMSSQ)溶液(n−ブタノール中、約26wt%)を加えた。得られた誘電性組成物を0.2μmシリンジフィルターで濾過し、ガラス基板の上部に2000rpmで60秒間スピンコーティングした。80℃で約5分間乾燥した後、誘電層を140℃で30分間硬化させた。硬化させた後、誘電層の厚みは、530nmであると測定された。次いで、誘電層をn−ブタノールで十分に洗浄し、誘電層の厚みを再び測定した。膜の厚みが減っていないことがわかり、このことは、丈夫な誘電層であることを示すものであった。
比較例1の配合物をガラス基板の上にスピンコーティングした。80℃で約5分間乾燥した後、誘電層を120℃で10分間硬化させた。n−ブタノールで洗浄した後、基板の上に膜は残らなかった。このことは、120℃で10分間硬化させた後、誘電層が適切に架橋しなかったことを示していた。
比較例1の配合物をガラス基板の上にスピンコーティングした。80℃で約5分間乾燥した後、誘電層を140℃で2分間硬化させた。n−ブタノールで洗浄した後、基板の上に膜は残らなかった。このことは、140℃で2分間硬化させた後、誘電層が適切に架橋しなかったことを示していた。
0.012グラムのNACURE(登録商標)5225(イソプロパノール中、有効成分25%)と、熱酸発生剤とを、比較例1の配合物に加えた。スピンコーティングし、乾燥させた後、誘電層を120℃で10分間硬化させた。次いで、得られた誘電層をn−ブタノールで十分に洗浄した。n−ブタノールで洗浄する前と後に、誘電性の厚みを測定した。洗浄後に膜の厚みは減っておらず、このことは、適切に架橋した丈夫な誘電層を示すものであった。
実施例2は、実施例1に記載されるように行ったが、硬化を140℃で2分間行った。n−ブタノールで洗浄した後、膜の厚みの減少は観察されなかった。
実施例3は、実施例1に記載されるように行ったが、硬化を120℃で2分間行った。n−ブタノールで洗浄した後、膜の厚みは、洗浄前の97%であった。
表Aは、実施例の結果をまとめたものである。表Aでは、熱酸発生剤を加えることで、丈夫な架橋した誘電層をもたらしつつ、硬化温度を下げ、硬化時間を短くすることができることを示している。
ポリエチレンテレフタレート基板の上に、アルミニウムゲート電極とともに薄膜トランジスタを製造した。熱酸発生剤を含む実施例1の配合物を、アルミニウムゲート電極の上部に2000rpmでスピンコーティングした後、120℃で10分間硬化させた。硬化させた後、ポリチオフェン、PQTを誘電層の上に1000rpmで120秒間スピンコーティングすることによって、半導体層を誘電層の上部に作成し、次いで、減圧乾燥機中、140℃で10分間アニーリングした。次いで、PQT半導体層の上部で金ソース/ドレイン電極を蒸発させ、デバイスを完成させた。
Claims (2)
- 基板の上に、誘電性材料と、架橋剤と、熱酸発生剤とを含む誘電性組成物を堆積させることと;
前記誘電性組成物を加熱してこの誘電性組成物を硬化させ、前記基板の上に誘電層を作成することとを含み、
前記誘電性材料は、シルセスキオキサン、かご型シルセスキオキサン(POSS)、ポリシルセスキオキサン、シラン基を有するポリアクリレート、シラン基を有するポリビニル、シラン基を有するポリイミド、シラン基を有するポリエステル、シラン基を有するポリエーテル、シラン基を有するポリケトン、シラン基を有するポリスルホンから選択されるケイ素含有材料を含み、
前記誘電性材料は、低k誘電性ポリマー及び高k誘電性ポリマーを含み、前記ケイ素含有材料は低k誘電性ポリマーであり、
前記熱酸発生剤は、アミンで保護されたヒドロカルビルスルホン酸又はアミンで中和されたヒドロカルビルスルホン酸であることを特徴とする電子機器を製造するプロセス。 - 前記ケイ素含有材料は、シルセスキオキサン、かご型シルセスキオキサン(POSS)、ポリシルセスキオキサン及びこれらの混合物から選択される酸感受性誘電性材料であり、
前記高k誘電性ポリマーは、ポリイミド、ポリエステル、ポリエーテル、ポリアクリレート、ポリビニル、ポリケトン、ポリスルホン、分子状ガラス化合物及びこれらの混合物から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電子機器を製造するプロセス。
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