JP5771516B2 - レーザ接合方法 - Google Patents

レーザ接合方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
JP5771516B2
JP5771516B2 JP2011269559A JP2011269559A JP5771516B2 JP 5771516 B2 JP5771516 B2 JP 5771516B2 JP 2011269559 A JP2011269559 A JP 2011269559A JP 2011269559 A JP2011269559 A JP 2011269559A JP 5771516 B2 JP5771516 B2 JP 5771516B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
laser
resin
translucent resin
translucent
light
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2011269559A
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English (en)
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JP2013119111A (ja
Inventor
聡 荒井
聡 荒井
健史 千田
健史 千田
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Hitachi Ltd
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Hitachi Ltd
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Priority to JP2011269559A priority Critical patent/JP5771516B2/ja
Priority to US14/363,174 priority patent/US9421712B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2012/080667 priority patent/WO2013084758A1/ja
Publication of JP2013119111A publication Critical patent/JP2013119111A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP5771516B2 publication Critical patent/JP5771516B2/ja
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20Bonding
    • B23K26/32Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B23K26/324Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved involving non-metallic parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/50Working by transmitting the laser beam through or within the workpiece
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/16Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. infrared heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1603Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C65/1606Ultraviolet [UV] radiation, e.g. by ultraviolet excimer lasers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/022Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping
    • B29C66/0222Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping without removal of material, e.g. cleaning by air blowing or using brushes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/022Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping
    • B29C66/0224Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping with removal of material
    • B29C66/02245Abrading, e.g. grinding, sanding, sandblasting or scraping
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/024Thermal pre-treatments
    • B29C66/0246Cutting or perforating, e.g. burning away by using a laser or using hot air
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/028Non-mechanical surface pre-treatments, i.e. by flame treatment, electric discharge treatment, plasma treatment, wave energy or particle radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/303Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
    • B29C66/3032Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30321Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of protrusions belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30322Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of protrusions belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined in the form of rugosity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53461Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7316Surface properties
    • B29C66/73161Roughness or rugosity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7316Surface properties
    • B29C66/73161Roughness or rugosity
    • B29C66/73162Roughness or rugosity of different roughness or rugosity, i.e. the roughness or rugosity of the surface of one of the parts to be joined being different from the roughness or rugosity of the surface of the other part
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/733General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence
    • B29C66/7336General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being opaque, transparent or translucent to visible light
    • B29C66/73365General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being opaque, transparent or translucent to visible light at least one of the parts to be joined being transparent or translucent to visible light
    • B29C66/73366General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being opaque, transparent or translucent to visible light at least one of the parts to be joined being transparent or translucent to visible light both parts to be joined being transparent or translucent to visible light
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81266Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
    • B29C66/81267Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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    • B23K2103/30Organic material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0827Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using UV radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
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    • B29L2031/756Microarticles, nanoarticles

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Description

本発明は、透光性の有機材料(熱可塑性樹脂、熱硬化性樹脂など)もしくは透光性の有機材料と無機材料を溶着することを特徴とするレーザ接合方法に関するものである。
熱可塑性樹脂は、優れた加工性と形状の自由度が大きいため、自動車や電機機器や医療・バイオ機器など一般産業用途に広く用いられており、熱可塑性樹脂が使われていない分野はないと言えるほど普及し、身近な材料となっている。当初は、木材や紙などの天然素材の代替として利用されていたが、今やプラスチック材料でなければつくり得ないという特殊な製品も数多く開発されるようになった。そのため、最適な材料を最適な加工方法で設計開発に生かせば、今までにない新しい製品を生み出す可能性がある。
特に、近年の製品の構造の複雑化及び低コスト化の流れにより、熱可塑性樹脂のメリットを生かした設計がなされ、2次加工技術も同様に重要となってきている。その中でも、近年、半導体レーザの普及により、レーザ溶着が注目されている。レーザ溶着は、樹脂のバリの発生が少ない非常にクリーンな接合技術であるため,バイオや医療関係の部品を対象としても研究が盛んに行われている。レーザ溶着の特長は,対象部のレーザ光照射部周辺のみを集中的に急速に加熱するので,精度が高くかつ歪が小さいこと,また,レーザを走査することにより,複雑な三次元形状物や大型品の溶着・接合が可能なこと,工数や部品数の削減による低コスト化を図ることができるなどである。しかしながら、一般的には透明な樹脂と黒色の樹脂を使用するため、透明樹脂同士の溶着は困難である。
透明樹脂同士のレーザ溶着として、特許文献1には透明樹脂部材間にレーザ光に対して吸収性で非常に薄い透明樹脂と同様の成分を持つ透明フィルムを介在させた状態で、レーザ照射することにより、溶着可能なことが記載されている。特許文献2には、透明樹脂部材の片側にトナーや塗料を所定のパターンで被着させることによって、レーザ照射することにより、溶着可能なことが記載されている。特許文献3では、透明樹脂の接合部の片側をサンドペーパーで荒らして凹凸面を形成し、その部分にレーザ照射することにより、透明樹脂同士も溶着できることが示されている。
特開2003−181931号公報 特開2004−1071号公報 特開2006−15405号公報
上記特許文献1で開示されている技術では、赤外線吸収透明フィルムを用いるが、吸収率が5〜8%と低く、フィルムの厚みが存在するため、安定的な熱伝導が起こらず、安定な溶着が困難であることが判明した。また、固体のフィルムを介在させるため、作業性が悪く、配置した時に一部撓んでしまい、隙間が発生することにより、接合状態が安定しないという課題もあった。
上記特許文献2で開示されている技術では、トナーや塗料を表面に蒸着させた状態でレーザ照射することが述べられているが、トナーや塗料の透明樹脂への密着性が低いために、例えば透明樹脂に同種材料を用いたとしても強度が弱いことが多々あった。さらに、転写した材質や固体の中間材の厚みや平坦度に依存して、接合状態が大きくばらつくため、接合前の管理が難しく、改善が切望されていた。
上記特許文献3で開示されている技術では、表面への微細な凹凸にレーザ吸収させることで、溶着を可能としているが、表面の凹凸の程度により吸収率が大きく異なるため、この効果のみでは安定的な溶着を得ることが困難であった。さらに、吸収率にばらつきが発生するため、精密なサイズで溶着部を形成することが困難なことも判明した。
本発明は、上記課題を解決し、透明樹脂を、透明な状態を保持した上で、安定かつ高強度にレーザ溶着することを目的とする。
本発明者らは、レーザ照射前に、少なくともレーザを透過する材質と反対側の透明樹脂の溶着界面側に紫外光を用いた光酸化処理(UVオゾン処理、エキシマ処理など)を行い、加圧した状態で、波長400nm以下の連続波もしくはパルスの紫外レーザ光、または、パルス幅10ps以下の超短パルスのレーザ光を照射することで、透明性を維持した上で、透明樹脂同士の安定かつ高強度な溶着が可能なことを見出した。また、本発明では、同種のみならず、異種樹脂にも対応可能であることも明らかになった。
本発明では、上記課題を解決するために、透明樹脂に光酸化処理を行って、可視光の透過率を維持したままレーザ透過率を低下させ、この樹脂に接合対象の部材をレーザ接合を行う。
本発明によれば、透明な状態を保持した上で、透明な熱可塑性樹脂同士を、安定かつ高強度にレーザ溶着することが可能となる。また、同時に接合部の界面の密着性を向上させることが可能であるため、異種材料同士の組み合わせも可能となる。
本発明の透明熱可塑性樹脂同士のレーザ溶着方法の一実施例を示す図である。 COP樹脂に光酸化処理を実施した場合の各波長における透過率の結果を示す図である。 COC樹脂に光酸化処理を実施した場合の各波長における透過率の結果を示す図である。 PC樹脂に光酸化処理を実施した場合の各波長における透過率の結果を示す図である。 PS樹脂に光酸化処理を実施した場合の各波長における透過率の結果を示す図である。 本発明の透明熱可塑性樹脂同士のレーザ溶着方法の一実施例を示す図である。 本発明の透明熱可塑性樹脂同士のレーザ溶着方法の他の実施例を示す図である。 本発明の透明熱可塑性樹脂同士のレーザ溶着方法の他の実施例を示す図である。 本発明の透明熱可塑性樹脂同士のレーザ溶着方法の他の実施例を示す図である。 (a)〜(e)は、本発明の透明熱可塑性樹脂の3層の接合体を形成するレーザ溶着方法の実施例を示す図である。 (a)〜(d)は、本発明の透明熱可塑性樹脂の3層の接合体を形成するレーザ溶着方法の他の実施例を示す図である。 本発明のレーザ接合方法の適用を想定したDNAシーケンサ用のフローセルの模式図である。
本発明の実施の形態について以下に説明する。本発明で用いる透明熱可塑性樹脂は、非結晶性もしくは結晶性樹脂からなり、特に、波長400nm以上での透過率が70%以上の透明樹脂を対象とする。非結晶性樹脂としては、ポリスチレン(PS)、ポリカーボネート(PC)、ポリアリレート(PAR)、ポリメチルメタアクリル酸メチル(PMMA)、シクロオレフィンポリマー(COP)、シクロオレフィンコポリマー(COC)、ポリサルホン(PSF)、ポリエーテルサルホン(PES)、が挙げられる。結晶性樹脂としては、ポリエチレン(PE)、ポリプロプレン(PP)、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリアミド(PA)などが挙げられる。また、それらのアロイ材やフィラーを含んだ透明な熱可塑性樹脂、また、特殊グレードの透明熱可塑性樹脂も対象となる。樹脂の形態としては、一般的な成形品のみならず、フィルムも対象となる。さらに、樹脂は熱可塑性のみならず熱硬化樹脂を用いても良い。
また、実施例内では透明な樹脂を用いているが、これに限らず、透光性を有していれば、半透明など少し色を有していてもよい。半透明でも、本発明によれば可視光の透過率を変化させないためその色が変化せず、本発明の効果を奏することができるからである。
レーザ溶着の条件は、材料のレーザ照射波長における透過・吸収率、熱伝導率を考慮した上で、レーザスポットサイズ、パワー、照射時間、加圧力を決定する。レーザ接合に用いる光源は、紫外流域の波長を有するレーザが対象となる。その場合、半導体レーザ、エキシマレーザ、また、パルス発振し、高次高調波を出射可能なNd:YAGレーザ、Nd:YVO4レーザなども可能である。また、レーザ単体で紫外光を発生しなくても、10ピコ秒よりもパルス幅が短いレーザ光を入射した場合、熱可塑性樹脂には非線形な吸収が起こる。そのため、Ti:Sahhireレーザなども対象となる。
レーザ光源の強度分布は、ガウシアン、トップハット、リング型など付属するレンズによって様々な強度分布にすることが可能であるが、溶着状態を均一にしやすいという点で、トップハット型もしくは中央部の強度が最大値の50%以上となるリング型の強度分布を用いた光源を使用することが望ましい。
また、溶着前の段階で透明熱可塑性樹脂には、一度アルコールなどで脱脂しておくと良い。なお、透明熱可塑性樹脂に酸化処理を実施する場合は、酸化処理の前に脱脂をする必要がある。
レーザ溶着では、加圧を行う必要があるため、加圧に用いる加圧材は、透明な材料を用いるのが良い。但し、レーザ照射側の材質の十分な放熱を考慮すると、特に熱伝導率が高いガラスを用いることが望ましい。さらに、加圧材の表面は鏡面仕上げにしておくことが望ましい。
図1は、本発明の透明樹脂同士のレーザ接合方法の実施例を示す平面図である。本実施例では、レーザ光20が透過する第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2と、第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2と同一もしくは異なる第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂1からなり、レーザ溶着前に、少なくとも第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂1の接合界面側に、光酸化処理を施し、加圧した状態で、波長400nm以下の紫外領域のレーザ光20もしくはパルス幅10ps以下のレーザ光20を照射し、レーザ溶着することを特徴とする。
光酸化処理としては、UVオゾン処理やエキシマUV処理などの紫外光を用いた処理を利用することが望ましい。その処理によって、光酸化層3が新たに形成され、波長400nm以下の光の吸収率が劇的に向上する。酸化処理向けの光源としてはランプ、LED、レーザどの形態でも構わない。なお、光酸化層3は厚すぎると強度低下の要因となるため、50nm以下であることが望ましい。また、レーザ溶着の場合、レーザ光20が照射された部分のみ局所的に接合が可能となるが、光酸化処理を局所的に実施しておき、その局所的に光酸化処理した部分よりもスポットの大きいレーザを照射すれば、多少レーザ光源の位置がずれたとしても溶着したい部分のみ精密に接合が可能となる。そのため、場合によっては、マスクなどをかけた上で局所的に光酸化処理を実施することが望ましい。
図2には、シクロオレフィンポリマー(COP)にUVオゾン処理を実施した場合の光透過率の結果を示している。特に、(a)には波長305nm-1090nmの透過率を、(b)には、図2(a)を拡大した波長305-410nmの透過率を示す。また、酸化処理の他の方法として、酸素プラズマ処理を実施した場合についても示す。
この結果、UVオゾン処理を実施することにより、可視域や赤外域での光の透過率つまり吸収率はそれほど変わらないのに対して、紫外域での光の吸収率が大幅に向上していることがわかる。さらに、UVオゾン処理時間の増加により、紫外域での光の吸収率がより向上することもわかった。また、他の酸化処理である酸素プラズマ処理では、透過率つまり吸収率は変化していないこともわかる。図3には、シクロオレフィンコポリマー(COC)、図4には、ポリカーボネート(PC)、図5には、ポリスチレン(PS)に対する同様の結果を示す。これらの結果からもシクロオレフィンポリマーと同様の傾向を示していることが明らかになった。さらに、305nm以下の光吸収率も向上していることもわかっている。したがって、UVオゾン処理により、透明樹脂の可視域や赤外域での光の特性を大きく変化させないで、紫外域のみの光の吸収率を大きく向上させることが可能となる。そのため、樹脂材の種類によっては、光酸化処理は局所的に実施せず、全面処理を実施した状態で、レーザ溶着しても透明性は確保できる。すなわち、光酸化処理後でも、透明樹脂に場合には可視光において70%以上の透過率を有し、半透明樹脂の場合でも光酸化処理前に対して70%以上の透過率を有する。
入射するレーザ20は、紫外領域のレーザ光が有効であり、紫外半導体レーザ、赤外の半導体レーザもしくは固体レーザなどのレーザ光源の高次高調波が該当する。その場合、連続波でも良いし、パルスでも構わない。また、パルス幅10ps以下のレーザ光を照射すると、三次の非線形光学効果により、多光子吸収が発生しやすくなる。そのため、パルス幅10ps以下のレーザ光を用いる場合は、レーザ20の波長は紫外領域でなくても良い。
レーザ溶着は、レーザ照射により、光吸収性が向上した第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂1が溶融もしくは軟化し、第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2に密着もしくは濡れることで起こる。前処理として光酸化処理をすると透明熱可塑性樹脂表面に極性基が増加もしく新たに発生し、それに伴い表面エネルギーは向上する。そのため、異種の透明熱可塑性樹脂を接合する場合は、光吸収性を向上させるために第二の透明樹脂1に光酸化処理を実施したとしても、第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2の表面エネルギー≧第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂1の表面エネルギーとする必要がある。
但し、同種の透明熱可塑性樹脂同士においては、相溶性を有しているため、レーザのパワーを大きくすれば、透明熱可塑性樹脂1は流動し、互いに混ざり合いが起こるため、例え、そのエネルギー関係が逆転したとしても溶着性には大きな悪影響は及ぼさない。
さらに、異種の透明熱可塑性樹脂を溶着する場合、第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂1のガラス転移温度もしくは融点≧第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2のガラス転移温度もしくは融点とした組み合わせとしておくことが望ましい。一般的に、非結晶性樹脂の場合にはガラス転移温度のみ存在し、明確な融点は示さないのに対して、結晶性樹脂の場合は、ガラス転移温度と融点が明確に存在する。レーザ溶着においては、非結晶性樹脂はガラス転移温度を、結晶性樹脂の場合は、融点を考慮して、上記関係を満たすことが望ましい。
また、本実施例では、透明樹脂同士を接合している。光酸化処理を行う第二の透明樹脂は樹脂でなければならないが、第一の透明樹脂の代わりにガラス、半導体、鉱石など透光性を有する他の材料の部材を用いてもよい。
なお、本実施例では、第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2側からレーザ照射を行っているが、第二の熱可塑性樹脂1側からレーザ照射を行ってもよい。光酸化処理されるのは表面近くの薄い領域のみであるので、第二の透明熱可塑性1側からレーザ照射しても、十分に接合面付近で吸収されるからである。
図6は、本発明の透明樹脂同士のレーザ接合方法の別の実施例を示す平面図である。本実施例では、実施例1の実施形態に加え、レーザ溶着前に、レーザ光が透過する第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2にも酸化処理を実施し、酸化層4を形成した上で、レーザ溶着することを特徴としている。熱可塑性樹脂は、成形時に少なからずヒケが発生するため、ヒケにより、多少隙間が大きくなってしまった場合、密着しにくくなり、溶着不良となる場合がある。その場合、第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2に対しても、光酸化処理を実施しておき、光吸収率をある程度まで向上させておくことで第一の熱可塑性樹脂2も熱吸収により膨張させ、第二の熱可塑性樹脂1と密着させやすくすることが可能となる。
本手法は、同種の透明熱可塑性樹脂及び異種の透明熱可塑性樹脂ともに有効な手段であるが、第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂1の光吸収率>第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2の光吸収率とすることが望ましい。但し、異種の透明熱可塑性樹脂を溶着する場合は、第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2の表面エネルギー≧第二の透明な熱可塑性樹脂1の表面エネルギーとする必要があるため、光吸収率も踏まえて、処理時間や強度を決める必要がある。しかしながら、接合する透明熱可塑性樹脂の組み合わせによっては、第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂1の光吸収率の向上を優先した場合、第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂1の表面エネルギーの方が大きくなりすぎてしまい、溶着状態が悪くなってしまう場合がある。その場合、第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂1への酸化処理は、光酸化処理以外の光吸収率が変化せず、表面エネルギーを向上させることが可能なプラズマ処理、コロナ処理、紫外以外の波長を使用するレーザ処理を実施することが望ましい。そのようにすることで、多くの組み合わせで、第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂1の紫外領域での光吸収率を大幅に増大させた上で、第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2の表面エネルギー≧第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂1の表面エネルギーとすることが可能となる。なお、本組合せの場合、第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂はレーザ光が透過する側の樹脂である。
図7は、本発明の透明樹脂同士のレーザ接合方法の別の実施例を示す平面図である。本実施例では、実施例1の形態に加え、レーザ溶着前に、第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂1の接合界面側に光酸化処理を施した上で、微細な凹凸5を形成しておき、互いにレーザ溶着することを特徴としている。このようにすることにより、第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂1の光吸収率をさらに向上させることが可能となる。微細な凹凸5は、シボ加工を施した金型の転写を利用、サンドブラスト、サンドペーパー処理、レーザ処理、薬液処理を実施することで形成が可能であり、その後、光酸化処理することが望ましい。但し、透明熱可塑性樹脂の種類によっては、紫外レーザ処理のみで、光酸化処理3と微細な凹凸5を共に形成できる。なお、微細な凹凸はRa5μm以下とすることが望ましい。
また、図8で示すように、第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2の溶着界面側にも微細な凹凸6を形成しておくことも熱膨張時に密着させやすくする点で有効となる。以上示した微細な凹凸5,6の形成に加え、第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2への酸化処理の併用も非常に有効な手段となる。但し、微細な凹凸5,6と酸化処理の併用を行ったとしても、第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂1の光吸収率>第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2の光吸収率とすることが望ましい。
図9は、本発明の透明樹脂同士のレーザ接合方法の別の実施例を示す平面図である。本実施例では、実施例1の実施形態に加え、レーザ溶着前に、第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂1の接合界面側に光酸化処理を施した上で、液状の中間材7を介した状態で、加圧し、レーザ溶着することを特徴としている。成形時のひけなどにより隙間が発生してしまう場合、隙間部分は空気が存在する。空気の熱伝導率は例えば100℃で0.032W/mKと非常に小さいため、レーザ照射時に、光吸収性を持つ第二の熱可塑性樹脂1の熱膨張によって、第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2への接触が起こらない場合、第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2への十分な熱伝導が起こらず、光吸収性を持つ第二の熱可塑性樹脂1は、異常な発熱により熱分解し、溶着不良となる。また、密着した場合でも局所的にみの場合は、不十分な溶着となる。
一方で、水の熱伝導率は80℃で0.67W/mKと、空気に比べ20倍程度大きく、中間材7として使用することで、光吸収性を持つ第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂1の熱膨張時に、熱伝導を起こしやすくすることが可能となる。したがって、中間材7は、粘度が1000mPa・s以下であるとともに、熱伝導率が少なくとも0.2W/mK以上の液状の材質を用いることが望ましく、純水のみならず、アルコールなど可燃性の低い溶剤、プライマー、接着剤などレーザ照射時に揮発する材料が好適である。また、中間材7を介することで、第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂2の接合面の界面での反射の影響を減らすことが可能となり、より効果的に溶着することも可能となる。
以上より、中間材7を含有することは、隙間が発生した場合において、溶着強度の低減の割合を小さくできるロバストな方法であり、これまで示した実施例2,3での方法を併用するとさらに有効な手段となる。また、事前に中間材7を併用することで、密着しているため、加圧時に位置ずれが起こらないこともメリットである。その場合、加圧前に事前に位置出しできるという点で工程によっては有利となる場合もある。なお、本発明では、熱可塑性樹脂材の形態として。剛性の低いフィルムを用いた場合など、加圧による密着を確保することが困難な場合において特に有効な方法である。
図10は、本発明の透明樹脂同士のレーザ接合方法の別の実施例を示す平面図であり、三層の透明な熱可塑性樹脂の接合体を形成するレーザ接合方法である。
光酸化処理した第二の透明樹脂に第一の透明樹脂を密着させ(図10(a))、そこに紫外域のレーザ照射して溶着させ(図10(b))、その後、第一の透明樹脂の接合した面とは反対面に光酸化処理を行い(図10(c))、そこに第三の透明樹脂を密着させ(図10(d))、レーザ照射することで(図10(e))、三枚の透明樹脂を接合する。紫外域のレーザを使用する場合、接合界面側に光酸化処理を実施し、加圧、レーザ照射を繰り返すことで三層の透明な接合体を形成することが可能となる。
これに対して、図11で示した方法では、レーザ光源に超短パルスを使用する。両面に光酸化処理した第二の透明樹脂に第一の透明樹脂を密着させ(図11(a))、そこに超短パルスのレーザ照射して溶着させ(図11(b))、第一の透明樹脂の接合した面とは反対面に第三の透明樹脂を密着させ(図11(c))、レーザ照射することで(図11(d))、三枚の透明樹脂を接合する。そのため、三層を加圧した状態で、光酸化処理を施した接合部分のみに焦点を合わせることで、非線形吸収を起こさせ、接合体を形成できる点でメリットがある。そのため、樹脂は一括して光酸化処理を実施しておけば良く、工程を省ける点でメリットが大きい。
また、これらの方法は三層のみに限らず、それ以上の数の積層も可能である。
図12は、本発明のレーザ接合方法を用いて、DNAシーケンサ用フローセル40の流路部41の周りを封止した時の一例を示す斜視図である。特に、バイオ系や医療系部品の場合、透明体同士の接合が望まれており、かつ、アウトガスや異物を出来る限り除去したいため、本方法を適用するのに最も有効な対象である。また、光ピックアップ、カメラモジュール、マイクロプロジェクタなどレーザ光を使用する製品は、複数のレンズを使用しており、それら複数のレンズ同士の直接接合にも使用可能となる。以上で述べた製品例のみならず、透明な材料同士を接合する対象であれば、本方法はそれら製品全般に有効である。
以上、実施例1−6で述べた本構成は、透明熱可塑性樹脂のみならず、透明熱硬化樹脂でも良く、一方は、ガラス、半導体、鉱石などの無機物も対象の範囲に含まれる。
1…第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂、2…第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂、3…第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂の接合界面の光酸化層、4…第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂の接合界面の酸化層、5…第二の透明熱可塑性樹脂の接合界面の微小凹凸、6…第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂の接合界面の微小凹凸、7…中間材、8…第三の透明熱可塑性樹脂との接合用に第一の透明熱可塑性樹脂の接合界面に形成された光酸化層、9…第三の透明熱可塑性樹脂、10…溶着界面、11…溶着部、20…レーザ光、30…加圧材、40…DNAシーケンサ用フローセル、41…流路、42…孔。

Claims (16)

  1. 第二の透光性樹脂に、光酸化処理を行う光酸化処理工程と、
    前記第二の透光性樹脂の前記光酸化処理を行った面を、第一の透光性部材に対向させ、前記第一の透光性部材と前記第二の透光性樹脂との接合面にレーザ光を照射して前記第一の透光性部材と前記第二の透光性樹脂とを接合させる接合工程と、
    を含むことを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
  2. 請求項1において、
    前記第一の透光性部材及び前記第二の透光性樹脂は透明であり、可視光及び赤外域の透過率が70%以上であることを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
  3. 請求項1または2において、
    前記第二の透光性樹脂は、光酸化処理後の可視光及び赤外域の透過率が、光酸化処理前の70%以上であることを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
  4. 請求項1乃至3のいずれかにおいて、
    前記レーザ光は、波長400nm以下の紫外領域のレーザ光であることを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
  5. 請求項1乃至3のいずれかにおいて、
    前記レーザ光は、パルス幅10ps以下の超短パルスレーザ光であることを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
  6. 請求項1乃至5のいずれかにおいて、
    前記光酸化処理は、紫外線を用いたUVオゾンもしくはエキシマ処理としたことを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
  7. 請求項1乃至6のいずれかにおいて、
    前記接合工程では、前記第一の透光性部材と前記第二の透光性樹脂との接合面を加圧しながら接合することを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
  8. 請求項1乃至7のいずれかにおいて、
    前記第一の透光性部材は、第一の透光性樹脂であり、
    前記第一の透光性樹脂と前記第二の透光性樹脂は相溶性を有する同種の熱可塑性樹脂であることを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
  9. 請求項1乃至7のいずれかにおいて、
    前記第一の透光性部材は、第一の透光性樹脂であり、
    前記第一の透光性樹脂と前記第二の透光性樹脂は、相溶性の有しない異種の熱可塑性樹脂であり、
    前記第一の透光性樹脂の接合面側の表面エネルギーを前記第二の透光性樹脂の接合面側の表面エネルギーより大きくした状態で、接合することを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
  10. 請求項1乃至7のいずれかにおいて、
    前記第一の透光性部材は、第一の透光性樹脂であり、
    前記第一の透光性樹脂と前記第二の透光性樹脂は、相溶性の有しない異種の熱可塑性樹脂であり、
    前記第一の透光性樹脂のガラス転移温度もしくは融点に比べ、前記第二の透光性樹脂のガラス転移温度もしくは融点が大きい状態で、接合することを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
  11. 請求項1乃至10のいずれかにおいて、
    前記光酸化処理を行った領域よりも広い領域に前記レーザ照射を行うことを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
  12. 請求項1乃至11のいずれかにおいて、
    前記第一の透光性部材は、第一の透光性樹脂であり、
    前記第一の透光性樹脂に、前記プラズマ処理、コロナ処理、レーザ処理のいずれかの表面改質処理を実施する表面改質処理工程を有し、
    前記第二の透光性樹脂の前記光酸化処理を行った面と、前記第一の透光性樹脂の前記表面改質処理を行った面とをレーザ接合することを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
  13. 請求項1乃至11のいずれかにおいて、
    前記第一の透光性部材は、第一の透光性樹脂であり、
    前記第一の透光性樹脂の接合面にも光酸化処理を行うことを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
  14. 請求項1乃至13のいずれかにおいて、
    少なくとも前記第二の透光性樹脂の接合界面側に微細な凹凸を形成した状態で接合することを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
  15. 請求項1乃至14のいずれかにおいて、
    前記第二の透光性樹脂の光吸収率を前記第一の透光性部材よりも大きくした状態で、前記第一の透光性部材側から前記レーザを照射して接合することを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
  16. 請求項1乃至15のいずれかにおいて、
    前記第一の透光性部材と第二の透光性樹脂との間に、透光性な液状の材質を介在させた状態で、レーザを照射して接合することを特徴とするレーザ接合方法。
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