JP5763677B2 - 電解質配合物 - Google Patents
電解質配合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5763677B2 JP5763677B2 JP2012548371A JP2012548371A JP5763677B2 JP 5763677 B2 JP5763677 B2 JP 5763677B2 JP 2012548371 A JP2012548371 A JP 2012548371A JP 2012548371 A JP2012548371 A JP 2012548371A JP 5763677 B2 JP5763677 B2 JP 5763677B2
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 97
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 77
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- -1 n-octyl Chemical group 0.000 description 67
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 17
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- SHPPDRZENGVOOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butylbenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(CCCC)C=NC2=C1 SHPPDRZENGVOOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 101100368959 Arabidopsis thaliana TFCB gene Proteins 0.000 description 5
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 5
- RUZFCIYKTUUGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyano(fluoro)borinate 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium Chemical compound [O-]B(F)C#N.[O-]B(F)C#N.[O-]B(F)C#N.CC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1.CC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1.CC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1 RUZFCIYKTUUGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
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- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiocyanic acid Chemical compound SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXELHGDYRQLRQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCC[N+]1(C)CCCC1 PXELHGDYRQLRQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YQFWGCSKGJMGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCC[N+]1(C)CCCC1 YQFWGCSKGJMGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
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- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
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- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- JKOADRMSALOJAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dihexylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCC[N+]1(CCCCCC)CCCC1 JKOADRMSALOJAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DYXBSXBXZNSAPO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1,1-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-ium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C[N+]1(C)CCCC1 DYXBSXBXZNSAPO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ARSMIBSHEYKMJT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1,3-dimethylimidazolium iodide Chemical compound [I-].CN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 ARSMIBSHEYKMJT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IDTCZPKYVMKLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methoxyethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound COCC[N+]1(C)CCCC1 IDTCZPKYVMKLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RBWZYEBXRQLADY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium;[cyano(fluoro)boranyl]formonitrile Chemical compound N#CB(F)C#N.N#CB(F)C#N.CCCC[N+]1(C)CCCC1 RBWZYEBXRQLADY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IQQRAVYLUAZUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 IQQRAVYLUAZUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IKQCDTXBZKMPBB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 IKQCDTXBZKMPBB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XIPZVAFVVCJUQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptyl-1-hexylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCCC[N+]1(CCCCCC)CCCC1 XIPZVAFVVCJUQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XGWCAUNVXQXUIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexyl-1-nonylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC[N+]1(CCCCCC)CCCC1 XGWCAUNVXQXUIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AROZXIPMFUNQLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexyl-1-octylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+]1(CCCCCC)CCCC1 AROZXIPMFUNQLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JQCSUVJDBHJKNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxy-ethyl Chemical group C[CH]OC JQCSUVJDBHJKNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWVMHGUBIOZASN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-3-prop-2-enylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CN1C=C[N+](CC=C)=C1 WWVMHGUBIOZASN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WVDDUSFOSWWJJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-3-propylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 WVDDUSFOSWWJJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IVCMUVGRRDWTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-methyl-3-propylimidazol-1-ium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 IVCMUVGRRDWTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000000530 1-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000069 2-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004975 3-butenyl group Chemical group C(CC=C)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000474 3-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DCAQJERIPLQFFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCCC)C1=CC(=NC=C1)C1=NC=CC(=C1)CCCCCCCCC.N1=C(C=C(C=C1)C(=O)O)C1=NC=CC(=C1)C(=O)O Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCC)C1=CC(=NC=C1)C1=NC=CC(=C1)CCCCCCCCC.N1=C(C=C(C=C1)C(=O)O)C1=NC=CC(=C1)C(=O)O DCAQJERIPLQFFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Pyrrolidinium ion Chemical compound C1CC[NH2+]C1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPZKSTNINBZLAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].N#CB(F)C#N.N#CB(F)C#N Chemical compound [K].N#CB(F)C#N.N#CB(F)C#N CPZKSTNINBZLAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000157 electrochemical-induced impedance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- ZJYYHGLJYGJLLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidinium thiocyanate Chemical compound SC#N.NC(N)=N ZJYYHGLJYGJLLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006038 hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005980 hexynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004693 imidazolium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004184 methoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QIAZNDAYSCULMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dibutylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCC[N+]1(CCCC)CCCC1 QIAZNDAYSCULMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVHJNCLVABFYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-didecylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC[N+]1(CCCCCCCCCC)CCCC1 MVHJNCLVABFYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWZSCBSKFVJMJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-diethylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CC[N+]1(CC)CCCC1 PWZSCBSKFVJMJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WBHKHVSKPJNNQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dipropylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCC[N+]1(CCC)CCCC1 WBHKHVSKPJNNQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCUGPPHNMASOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trimethylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CC=1N(C)C=C[N+]=1C KCUGPPHNMASOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXLZUALXSYVAIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1C MXLZUALXSYVAIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALCHQGUERSZDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-di(nonyl)imidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCN1C=C[N+](CCCCCCCCC)=C1 ALCHQGUERSZDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SGZJDICMAIEXMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dibutyl-2h-imidazole Chemical compound CCCCN1CN(CCCC)C=C1 SGZJDICMAIEXMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSALGRWEBFJQAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-didecylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN1C=C[N+](CCCCCCCCCC)=C1 ZSALGRWEBFJQAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLJSMWDFUFADIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diethylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CCN1C=C[N+](CC)=C1 XLJSMWDFUFADIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIGYPNHHZUHDCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diheptylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCCCN1C=C[N+](CCCCCCC)=C1 NIGYPNHHZUHDCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGRBYPFRBRYULL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihexylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCCN1C=C[N+](CCCCCC)=C1 QGRBYPFRBRYULL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVVRUQBMAZRKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dimethylimidazolium Chemical compound CN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 HVVRUQBMAZRKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWPAOAULUAPZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioctylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN1C=C[N+](CCCCCCCC)=C1 JWPAOAULUAPZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MZVQCGYRPIFHBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dipentylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCN1C=C[N+](CCCCC)=C1 MZVQCGYRPIFHBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HPHJLXQRQWXQGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCOCC[N+]1(C)CCCC1 HPHJLXQRQWXQGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOBMQZJXYHTQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-3-methylimidazol-3-ium Chemical compound CCOCC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1 BOBMQZJXYHTQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ISRFWLYSLBASFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-1-hexylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCC[N+]1(CCCC)CCCC1 ISRFWLYSLBASFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ILEUMJQBHUIAII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-1-nonylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC[N+]1(CCCC)CCCC1 ILEUMJQBHUIAII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBKRPLNRDHUION-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-1-pentylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCC[N+]1(CCCC)CCCC1 YBKRPLNRDHUION-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HODMCOIBCPNLAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-1-propylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCC[N+]1(CCC)CCCC1 HODMCOIBCPNLAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUAXVBUVQVRIIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazol-3-ium Chemical compound CCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1C XUAXVBUVQVRIIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVGFZLMUUOYRDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-(2-methoxyethyl)imidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CCCC[N+]=1C=CN(CCOC)C=1 NVGFZLMUUOYRDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYARJXBHOOZQQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-ethylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CCCC[N+]=1C=CN(CC)C=1 JYARJXBHOOZQQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XREPTGNZZKNFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 XREPTGNZZKNFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AYQNLVKSAIKDHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-propylimidazol-3-ium Chemical compound CCCCN1C=C[N+](CCC)=C1 AYQNLVKSAIKDHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCDJCIZOGUUMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decyl-1-ethylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC[N+]1(CC)CCCC1 WCDJCIZOGUUMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005767 propoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[#8]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002059 quaternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical group COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C07D213/20—Quaternary compounds thereof
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Description
電解質の用語を、本明細書中で以下に定義する電解質配合物の意味において使用し、同等に本開示内での電解質配合物に対して使用する。
ジフルオロジシアノボレートアニオンを含む配合物は、対電極におけるレドックス対種(例えばI−およびI3 −)のネルンスト拡散抵抗ならびに電荷移動抵抗を、上記で定義した低温で低減すると考えられている。
Kt+[B(CN)2F2]− (I)
式中、Kt+は、以下の群
R1’〜R10’は、各々、互いに独立して
R1’およびR4’が同時にはHではないことを前提として、H、
1〜20個のC原子を有し、任意にフッ素化もしくはパーフルオロ化されていてもよい、直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルキル、
2〜20個のC原子および1つもしくは2つ以上の二重結合を有し、任意にフッ素化もしくはパーフルオロ化されていてもよい、直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルケニル、
2〜20個のC原子および1つもしくは2つ以上の三重結合を有し、任意にフッ素化もしくはパーフルオロ化されていてもよい、直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルキニル、または
2〜8個のC原子を有する直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルコキシアルキル
を示す、
で表される少なくとも1種の化合物を含む電解質配合物に関する。
電解質配合物は、前記の必要な、または任意の構成成分を含有し(include)、もしくは含み(comprise)、本質的にそれからなるか、またはそれからなってもよい。
置換基R1’およびR4’は、各々、互いに独立して、特に好ましくはメチル、エチル、イソプロピル、プロピル、ブチル、sec−ブチル、tert−ブチル、n−ペンチルまたはn−ヘキシルである。それらは、極めて特に好ましくはメチル、エチル、n−ブチルまたはn−ヘキシルである。ピロリジニウムまたはイミダゾリウムにおいて、2つの置換基R1’およびR4’は、好ましくは異なっている。
好ましい1−アルケニル−3−アルキルイミダゾリウムカチオンは、例えば1−アリル−3−メチル−イミダゾリウムまたは1−アリル−2,3−ジメチルイミダゾリウムである。
したがって、本発明の電解質配合物は、基本的に、溶解したかまたは溶融した状態で存在する、すなわちイオン種の運動によって電気伝導性を支持する少なくとも1種の物質の存在により電気的に伝導性の媒体である。
本発明の目的のために、モル濃度は、25℃における濃度を指す。
当該少なくとも1種の他の塩または好ましい他の塩のカチオンを、四級窒素原子を含む有機化合物、好ましくは環状有機カチオン、例えばピリジニウム、イミダゾリウム、トリアゾリウム、ピロリジニウムまたはモルホリニウムの中から選択してもよい。
の群から選択される少なくとも1種の他のヨウ化物を含む。
本発明の電解質配合物は、好ましくはヨウ素(I2)を含む。好ましくは、それは、0.0005〜7mol/dm3、より好ましくは0.01〜5mol/dm3および最も好ましくは0.05〜1mol/dm3のI2を含む。
Kt+[B(CN)2F2]− (I)
式中、Kt+は、
R1’〜R10’は、各々、互いに独立して
R1’およびR4’が同時にはHではないことを前提として、H、
1〜20個のC原子を有し、任意にフッ素化もしくはパーフルオロ化されていてもよい、直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルキル、
2〜20個のC原子および1つもしくは2つ以上の二重結合を有し、任意にフッ素化もしくはパーフルオロ化されていてもよい、直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルケニル、
2〜20個のC原子および1つもしくは2つ以上の三重結合を有し、任意にフッ素化もしくはパーフルオロ化されていてもよい、直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルキニル、または
2〜8個のC原子を有する直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルコキシアルキル
を示す、
で表される少なくとも1種の化合物を含む、前記デバイスに関する。
量子ドット増感太陽電池は、例えばUS 6,861,722に開示されている。色素増感太陽電池において、色素を使用して、太陽光を吸収して、電気的エネルギーに変換する。色素の例は、EP 0 986 079 A2、EP 1 180 774 A2またはEP 1 507 307 A1に開示されている。
好ましい態様において、色素をホスフィン酸で共吸着する。ホスフィン酸の好ましい例は、M. Wang et al, Dalton Trans., 2009, 10015-10020に開示されているビス(3,3−ジメチル−ブチル)−ホスフィン酸(DINHOP)である。
色素Z907Naは、NaRu(2,2’−ビピリジン−4−カルボン酸−4’−カルボキシレート)(4,4’−ジノニル−2,2’−ビピリジン)(NCS)2を意味する。
本発明の好ましい態様において、半導体は、Si、TiO2、SnO2、Fe2O3、WO3、ZnO、Nb2O5、CdS、ZnS、PbS、Bi2S3、CdSe、GaP、InP、GaAs、CdTe、CuInS2および/またはCuInSe2の群から選択された材料に基づく。好ましくは、半導体は、メソ多孔性表面を含み、したがって任意に色素によって覆われ、電解質に接触している表面を増大させる。好ましくは、半導体は、ガラス支持体またはプラスチックもしくは金属箔上に存在する。好ましくは、支持体は伝導性である。
1−エチル−3−メチルイミダゾリウムテトラシアノボレートおよび1−エチル−3−メチルイミダゾリウムジフルオロジシアノボレートを、WO 2004/072089、例9および15に従って合成する。
以下の電解質配合物を合成して、本発明の電解質配合物の、emim TCBまたはemim TFCBを含む従来技術の電解質配合物と相対しての予期されない利点を例証する。
モル比:36 mmimI、36 emimI、5 I2、48 emimDDB、2 guaSCN、10 NBBにおいて得た電解質配合物B;
モル比:36 mmimI、36 emimI、5 I2、48 emimTFCB、2 guaSCN、10 NBBにおいて得た電解質配合物C;
モル比:60 emimI、5 I2、60 bmplTCB、2 guaSCN、10 NBBにおいて得た電解質配合物D;
モル比:60 emimI、5 I2、60 bmplDDB、2 guaSCN、10 NBBにおいて得た電解質配合物E;
モル比:60 mmplI、5 I2、60 emimTCB、2 guaSCN、10 NBBにおいて得た電解質配合物F;
モル比:60 mmplI、5 I2、60 emimDDB、2 guaSCN、10 NBBにおいて得た電解質配合物G。
化合物mmimI、emimI、mmplI、mpimI、I2、NBBおよびguaSCNは、商業的に入手できるか、または既知の文献、例えばBonhote, P et al. Inorg. Chem. 1996, 35, 1168-1178に従って合成される。
色素増感太陽電池を、US 5,728,487またはWO 2007/093961に開示されているように製作する:
光電流−電圧曲線の測定を、温度制御を伴ったAir Mass 1.5模擬太陽光(AM 1.5)の下で行う。4mm×4mmのフォトマスクを、例3に従って製作したデバイスの最上部上に配置して、光投影域を規定する。セルギャップは、25〜30ミクロンの範囲内である。
図2は、10℃、25℃、42℃および57℃における表2のための根拠を形成する、本発明による電解質配合物Bを含むデバイスBについての光電流密度−電圧曲線を示す。
例3に従って製作したデバイスAおよびBのインピーダンスを、10℃および25℃で、AM1.5の下で、Gamry R600インピーダンスアナライザーを使用することによって測定して、太陽光発電性能の差異の原因である要因を識別する。
図5は、電解質配合物Aを含むデバイスAのインピーダンススペクトルを示す。
以下の電解質配合物を例3に従って合成し、例3に従って製造したDSSC試験セルにおいて電解質として使用する:
モル比:36 mmimI、36 emimI、5 I2、72 bmpl TCB、2 guaSCN、10 NBBにおいて得た電解質配合物H;
モル比:36 mmimI、36 emimI、5 I2、72 bmpl DDB、2 guaSCN、10 NBBにおいて得た電解質配合物J。
Claims (9)
- 式(I)
Kt+[B(CN)2F2]− (I)
式中、Kt+は、以下の群
ここで、置換基
R1’〜R10’は、各々、互いに独立して
R1’およびR4’が同時にはHではないことを前提として、H、
1〜20個のC原子を有し、任意にフッ素化もしくはパーフルオロ化されていてもよい、直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルキル、
2〜20個のC原子および1つもしくは2つ以上の二重結合を有し、任意にフッ素化もしくはパーフルオロ化されていてもよい、直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルケニル、
2〜20個のC原子および1つもしくは2つ以上の三重結合を有し、任意にフッ素化もしくはパーフルオロ化されていてもよい、直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルキニル、または
2〜8個のC原子を有する直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルコキシアルキル
を示す、
で表される少なくとも1種の化合物を含み、アニオンジフルオロジシアノボレートを0.1〜5.5Mのモル濃度において含む、光電子デバイス用電解質配合物。 - 式(I)で表される化合物のKt+が、
- 式(I)で表される化合物のKt+が、
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の電解質配合物を含む光電子デバイスであって、光電池、発光デバイス、エレクトロクロミックおよび/またはフォトエレクトロクロミックデバイスである、前記デバイス。
- 色素または量子ドット増感太陽電池である、請求項4に記載のデバイス。
- 色素増感太陽電池である、請求項4に記載のデバイス。
- 半導体、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の電解質配合物および対電極を含む、請求項6に記載のデバイス。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の電解質配合物の、光電池、発光デバイス、エレクトロクロミックおよび/またはフォトエレクトロクロミックデバイスである光電子デバイスにおける使用。
- デバイスが色素増感太陽電池である、請求項8に記載の使用。
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