JP5746518B2 - Cyclone foreign matter removal mechanism and cyclone equipped with the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cyclone that separates and removes dust contained in, for example, incineration exhaust gas, and the component contained in the exhaust gas becomes a compound that adheres and grows on the inner wall of the cyclone, and falls as a foreign object. The dust discharge unit is not blocked by this foreign matter, and when a foreign matter falls, the fall of the foreign matter is detected accurately and quickly before the dust discharge unit is closed. The present invention relates to a novel foreign matter removing mechanism that can be used and a cyclone equipped with the mechanism.

For example, livestock droppings such as chicken droppings, pig droppings, cow droppings, and compost (compost) of these droppings are appropriately heat treated such as incineration, melting, dry distillation, and carbonization for the purpose of weight reduction, detoxification, and recycling. The heat treatment exhaust gas G released during the heat treatment is introduced directly or indirectly into the cyclone 1 '(dust collector) after the heat treatment, for example, as shown in FIG. In general, dust D contained in the exhaust gas is separated and removed.
During the treatment with the cyclone 1 ′, components contained in livestock feces (heat treatment exhaust gas G) such as P and K adhere to the inner wall of the cyclone and grow. Further, these deposits are very hard, and even if the grown deposits are peeled off or dropped from the inner wall of the cyclone 1 ′, they are hardly crushed by the impact. Therefore, they are blocked by the dust discharge part of the cyclone 1 ′ ( (For this reason, the foreign matter W is the one that adheres and grows on the inner wall of the cyclone).

By the way, such a cyclone blockage is generally detected by, for example, differential pressure measurement between an exhaust gas inlet side and a dust discharge part (outlet) side, for example (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). It was extremely difficult to detect an occlusion with only the pressure value. In other words, the measured value of the differential pressure varies depending on the load amount of the equipment.For this reason, the judgment of blockage only with the differential pressure value is largely left to the operator's experience, and the judgment is somewhat different depending on the operator and the operating situation. (It was not an objective judgment). In addition, since there is a time lag between the actual occurrence of the blockage and the occurrence of the differential pressure value phenomenon (effect), the actual blockage may be in an excessive state when the blockage is discovered with the differential pressure value. Many early detections were extremely difficult. Of course, if the blockage is severe, not only the cyclone but also the entire processing equipment must be temporarily stopped to eliminate the blockage of the cyclone.
For this reason, there is a need for a method to prevent blockage of the cyclone (clogging due to the fall of foreign matter) in advance, and when the fall of foreign matter occurs, the situation can be determined at an initial stage using a method other than the differential pressure value. There has been a demand for a method of detecting quickly and accurately.

  For example, if two cyclones are arranged side by side in one heat treatment furnace, even if one cyclone is clogged, the heat treatment exhaust gas can be introduced into another cyclone. (By switching the cyclone that introduces the heat treatment exhaust gas), it may be possible to prevent the entire processing facility from being stopped. However, such a measure accepts the cyclone blockage and cannot be said to be a fundamental solution. Moreover, in the above measures, in order to smoothly operate (function) the second cyclone, it is necessary to always stand by in an operable state without using the second cyclone. However, it was not a reasonable measure because it required extra space and equipment.

JP-A-9-103708 JP-A-10-114430

  The present invention has been made in view of such a background.While the cyclone is in operation, foreign substances accompanying the introduced exhaust gas adhere to and grow on the inner wall of the cyclone, and even if it falls, It has a new foreign matter removal mechanism that can detect the situation very quickly and accurately with objectivity, so that the dust discharge part is not blocked and foreign matter falls. This is an attempt to develop a cyclone.

First, the foreign matter removing mechanism of the cyclone according to claim 1 is:
In introducing the heat treatment exhaust gas discharged from the heat treatment furnace into the cyclone, and separating and removing dust contained in the heat treatment exhaust gas while turning the heat treatment exhaust gas in the cyclone,
The cyclone has a dust discharge path for receiving dust separated from the heat treatment exhaust gas from the cyclone main body to the cyclone main body for turning the heat treatment exhaust gas introduced, and foreign matter adhered and grown on the inner wall of the cyclone during the operation of the cyclone. And a foreign matter discharge path for receiving from the cyclone body,
The bifurcated portion is provided with a classification device having a sorting hole, and when the foreign material grown larger than the sorting hole falls on the inner wall of the cyclone, the classification device catches the foreign material and sends it to the foreign material discharge path. In addition, the dust and foreign matter smaller than the sorting hole is sent through the classifier to the dust discharge path ,
And the dust discharge path is provided with a dust discharge device on the discharge side,
A temperature detection end is provided on the surface of the dust discharge device housing or on the dust discharge path between the classification device and the dust discharge device, so that the retention of foreign matter on the classification device is detected when the temperature decreases. It is characterized by that.

Further, the foreign matter removing mechanism of the cyclone according to claim 2 is in addition to the requirement of claim 1,
The foreign matter caught by the classifying device is provided with a foreign matter sending means for sending it from the classifying device to the foreign matter discharge path.

  Further, the foreign matter removing mechanism of the cyclone according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in addition to the requirement of claim 2, the foreign matter sending means for sending the foreign matter caught by the classification device from the classification device to the foreign matter discharge path is At least one of the inclination of the classification device that can be naturally dropped toward the foreign matter discharge path, the transfer by the screw conveyor, and the extrusion by the pusher is applied.

Further, the foreign matter removing mechanism of the cyclone according to claim 4 is in addition to the requirements of claim 1, 2, or 3 ,
The cyclone is characterized in that a foreign matter detection sensor for detecting a foreign matter caught by a classifier is provided.

Moreover, the foreign matter removing mechanism of the cyclone according to claim 5 is in addition to the requirements of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 ,
The foreign matter discharge passage is for the gate of the opened and closed in the receiving opening for receiving the material from the classification device Ru provided,
The gate is opened when the presence of foreign matter is detected on the classifier by a temperature drop signal at the temperature detection end and / or a foreign matter detection signal from the foreign matter detection sensor.

The foreign matter removing mechanism of the cyclone according to claim 6 is in addition to the requirements of claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 ,
The cyclone is characterized in that the heat treatment exhaust gas when the chicken manure is incinerated is introduced.

The cyclone according to claim 7 is:
In a cyclone that introduces heat treatment exhaust gas containing dust and separates and removes dust contained in the heat treatment exhaust gas while turning the heat treatment exhaust gas inside the device,
The cyclone comprises the foreign matter removing mechanism according to claim 1, 2 , 3, 4, 5 or 6 .

The above-described problems can be solved by using the configuration of the invention described in each of the claims.
According to the first or seventh aspect of the invention, the cyclone main body is provided with a dust discharge path for discharging dust and a foreign substance discharge path for discharging foreign matter in a bifurcated shape, and the bifurcated portion has a selection hole. Since the classification device is provided, even if the foreign matter that has adhered to the inner wall of the cyclone and grows with time peels off and falls, large foreign matter that cannot pass through the sorting hole of the classification device can be caught by the classification device. Further, since the foreign matter caught by the classifier is sent to the foreign matter discharge path and is not sent to the dust discharge path, blockage (clogging) of the dust discharge path can be prevented.
In addition, a temperature detection end is provided on the surface of the dust discharge device housing or on the dust discharge path between the classification device and the dust discharge device, and detects the retention of foreign matter on the classification device by the temperature drop of these parts. For this reason, the operator can accurately determine the retention of the foreign matter based on the temperature drop at the temperature detection end (the blockage can be predicted). That is, since the temperature measurement position of these temperature detection ends is below the classification device, if foreign matter accumulates on the classification device and heat transfer from above the cyclone decreases, the temperature decreases rapidly at the measurement position. Detection by the temperature detection end is also performed promptly. For this reason, it is possible to quickly catch stagnation on the classification device due to foreign matters at an extremely early stage (in other words, a sign stage), and to eliminate this quickly.
In addition, the detected temperature is taken as a signal to a programmable controller that manages the automatic operation of the equipment, so that it can be used to control the operation of the equipment such as the opening operation of the foreign matter discharge path, the transfer operation by the screw conveyor, and the extrusion operation by the pusher. can do.
In the past, such cyclone occlusions were often detected only by the differential pressure value, but in this case, skill and experience are required to determine whether or not occlusions occurred, and Since it took a long time for the phenomenon to occur as an abnormality of the actual differential pressure value after the blockage occurred, there were many cases where excessive blockage had already occurred when the differential pressure value was detected, and the work to remove the clog was also troublesome. It was work that took.

According to the second or seventh aspect of the present invention, since the foreign matter sending means for sending the foreign matter caught by the classifier to the foreign matter discharge path is provided, the foreign matter is surely discharged without stagnation on the classifier. Can be sent to the road. For this reason, the cyclone can be continuously operated without interfering with the operation of separating and removing the original dust of the cyclone.

According to the invention of claim 3 or 7 , at least one of the inclination of the classification device, the screw conveyor, and the pusher is applied as the foreign material delivery means for sending the foreign material caught by the classification device from the classification device to the foreign material discharge path. Therefore, an appropriate foreign material delivery means can be applied depending on the property of the foreign material (the property of the object to be processed), the processing conditions (such as the temperature of the heat treatment exhaust gas introduced into the cyclone), and the like. Of course, the foreign substance delivery means can be used in a combined form such as using a pusher while inclining the classification device. In this case, even if the foreign substance is large (heavy) or slightly fluid. It can be reliably fed into the foreign matter discharge path.

According to the invention of claim 4 or 7 , since the foreign matter detection sensor is provided, the presence of the foreign matter can be reliably detected on the classifier, and it can cope with foreign matter removal (sending to the foreign matter discharge path), or It can be used for control operations during operation.

According to the invention described in claim 5 or 7 , when it is determined that there is a foreign substance on the classification device based on the temperature decrease signal at the temperature detection end and / or the foreign substance detection signal of the foreign substance detection sensor, the foreign substance discharge path gate is Since it is opened and closed during normal operation of the cyclone, it is efficient (smooth) to perform the original treatment of the cyclone, that is, to separate the dust from the heat treatment exhaust gas and to discharge the separated dust out of the cyclone from the dust discharge path. To).
Of course, the gate of the foreign matter discharge path may be always open. In this case, a part of the dust separated from the heat treatment exhaust gas is sent to the foreign matter discharge path, so the dust is discharged from the dust discharge path. It is adopted when the necessity to do is low.

Moreover, according to the invention of claim 6 or 7 , exhaust gas when incinerating chicken manure is introduced into the cyclone, and in this case, it is easy to generate foreign substances that are hard and difficult to pulverize even when dropped. In the present invention, even in such a case, the cyclone can be effectively blocked. That is, chicken manure contains P, K, Ca, etc., and in the cyclone, compounds due to these components are easily formed, and it is considered that this compound adheres to the inner wall of the cyclone and grows into a layered or massive foreign matter. When such a compound is observed at room temperature, it is extremely hard and difficult to crush even if it is peeled off or dropped from the inner wall of the cyclone. But it can be caught by the classifier and can prevent the cyclone from being blocked.

Explanatory drawing (a) which shows an example of the cyclone provided with the foreign material removal mechanism of this invention, and explanatory drawing which partially shows the Example which provided the foreign material detection means (foreign material detection sensor) in the foreign material reception side of a foreign material discharge path ( b) and a skeletal perspective view (c) partially showing the classifier. It is explanatory drawing which shows the dust discharge apparatus provided in a dust discharge path. It is explanatory drawing which shows the Example which raised the rigidity of the classification apparatus with the reinforcing material, Comprising: Side surface sectional drawing which shows a classification apparatus in the installation state (inclined state), and the direction (downward) of the classification apparatus of this state It is the bottom view (projection figure) seen from the side. An explanatory view (a) showing an embodiment of a cyclone in which foreign matter caught by a classifier is sent to a foreign matter discharge path (foreign matter storage pot) by a screw conveyor, and a case where an opening / closing gate is provided in the foreign matter discharge path. It is explanatory drawing (b) shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing (a) which shows the Example of the cyclone which sent the foreign material caught with the classification device to a foreign material discharge channel (foreign material storage pot) with a pusher, and the Example which provided the classification device and the pusher diagonally It is explanatory drawing (b) shown in figure. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that the dust discharge part of a cyclone is obstruct | occluded by the foreign material adhering to a cyclone inner wall growing, and peeling and dropping after that.

The mode for carrying out the present invention includes one described in the following embodiments, and further includes various methods that can be improved within the technical idea.
In the description, the cyclone 1 having the foreign matter removing mechanism will be described first, and then the foreign matter removing mechanism will be explained while explaining the operation mode of the cyclone 1.

The cyclone 1 is introduced with a heat treatment exhaust gas G generated when an object to be treated such as chicken manure is incinerated. First, an incinerator (not shown) for incinerating chicken manure and the like will be described. The incinerator incinerates an object to be treated such as chicken manure, and a fluidized incinerator (apparatus) by the applicant of the present application can be applied to the incinerator and is preferable.
In order to form a stable fluidized bed at a high temperature, the fluidized incinerator is filled with a certain amount of silica sand at the bottom of the furnace and heated to an appropriate temperature from the bottom of the sand layer (for example, heated by an exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger). ) Fluidized air is sent to form a vigorous fluid state. The treated material such as chicken manure is put on the sand layer and dispersed by vigorous fluidization movement of the sand layer particles, instantly water evaporation, product temperature rises, quickly subdivided, and contact with hot air It gets better and is incinerated / burned.

Note that the equipment provided in the preceding stage of the cyclone 1 is not limited to the incinerator described above, and other examples include a melting furnace, a carbonization furnace, a carbonization furnace, and the like. Collectively a heat treatment furnace. Further, the gas discharged from such a heat treatment furnace and introduced into the cyclone is the heat treatment exhaust gas G.
Moreover, as a to-be-processed object, animal droppings, such as cow droppings and pig droppings, and compost (compost) of these droppings are mentioned besides chicken droppings.

  Heat treatment exhaust gas G discharged from such a heat treatment furnace is introduced into the cyclone 1, and dust D contained in the heat treatment exhaust gas G is separated and removed by the cyclone 1. In other words, the cyclone 1 sends the heat treatment exhaust gas G taken in as a swirling airflow gradually to the center lower part, thereby causing the dust D (solid particles floating in the swirling airflow) contained in the heat treatment exhaust gas G to be cyclone by the action of centrifugal force. It collides with the inner wall of 1 and is finally separated from the swirling airflow, collected in the cone-shaped conical lower part (dust discharge part), and discharged from here. The air from which the dust D has been removed (hereinafter referred to as dust removal air A) is discharged from the upper part of the cyclone 1.

For this reason, as shown in FIG. 1 as an example, the cyclone 1 according to the present invention further includes a cyclone main body 2 and a dust discharge path 3 that are connected to each other in the same manner as a general cyclone. A foreign matter discharge path 4 is provided in parallel or branched with respect to the dust discharge path 3. That is, the cyclone 1 according to the present invention is provided with a dust discharge path 3 and a foreign substance discharge path 4 in a bifurcated shape with respect to the cyclone body 2.
The bifurcated portion is provided with a classification device 5 having a sorting hole 51, and dust D smaller than the sorting hole 51 passes (passes through) the sorting hole 51 and is sent to the dust discharge path 3. Is. In other words, a thing larger than the sorting hole 51 (foreign matter W) is caught by the classification device 5, and this foreign matter W is sent from the classification device 5 to the foreign matter discharge path 4 by the foreign matter delivery means 6.
The dust discharge path 3 is provided with a dust discharge device 7 for discharging the dust D to the outside and a temperature detection means 8 for detecting the temperature of the dust discharge path 3.
Further, the foreign matter discharge path 4 is provided with a foreign matter detecting means 9 at a foreign matter receiving port (near the classification device 5).
Hereinafter, the cyclone body 2, the dust discharge path 3, and the foreign matter discharge path 4 will be described in more detail.

First, the cyclone body 2 will be described. The cyclone body 2 is a portion that takes in the heat treatment exhaust gas G from the tangential direction of the circular cyclone 1 in plan view and sends it to the lower part while turning it (see FIG. 6). For this reason, the cyclone body 2 is formed by connecting a cone-shaped truncated cone portion to the lower side of a columnar (cylindrical) portion.
Here, the intake port for the heat treatment exhaust gas G is referred to as an exhaust gas inlet port 21, and the portion for discharging the dust removal air A formed at the upper center of the cyclone 1 is referred to as an air discharge port 22. Moreover, the inside (inner wall) of the cyclone 1 is formed by lining a refractory brick (chamotte) having a thickness of about 100 mm as an example. Thereby, the fire resistance of the cyclone 1 is improved, and the introduction temperature of the heat treatment exhaust gas G introduced into the cyclone 1 can be increased. Therefore, the temperature of the dust removal air A discharged from the cyclone 1 can also be increased, and if the equipment includes a heat exchanger downstream of the cyclone 1 from the dust removal air A, for example, the heat recovery by the heat exchanger can be performed. It can be done efficiently.
In addition, as another method for improving the fire resistance of the cyclone 1, it is possible to put a mold inside the cyclone and to cast and cast a caster (caster slurry), or to use a heat-resistant steel plate. Yes (a cyclone with only steel plates).

Next, the dust discharge path 3 will be described. The dust discharge path 3 is a path for discharging the dust D separated / removed from the heat treatment exhaust gas G, so that the dust discharge path 3 extends from the cyclone body 2 so as to be in a straight line almost directly below the cyclone body 2. Connected to become mainstream.
As described above, the dust discharge path 3 is provided with the dust discharge device 7 and the temperature detection means 8, and among these, the dust discharge device 7 seals the inside of the cyclone 1 (the cyclone body 2) with the dust D. It is for taking out (discharging). Here, as an example of the dust discharge device 7, a double damper 71 is provided as shown in FIG. 2, but a rotary valve can be provided as the dust discharge device 7. In short, the dust discharge device 7 is shut off from the outside. It is only necessary that the dust D can be discharged in the state.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, the temperature detection means 8 includes a temperature detection end 81 attached to the casing surface 72 of the upper damper of the double damper 71 as a main component. This is to quickly detect that the foreign matter W has accumulated on the classification device 5 by the temperature drop of the part. That is, when foreign matter W accumulates on the classification device 5, heat transfer to the dust discharge device 7, which is a lower space than the classification device 5, decreases, and the temperature of the housing surface 72 immediately decreases. By detecting the temperature drop of the surface 72, it is possible to quickly and surely detect that the foreign matter W has stayed on the classifier 5 at an extremely early stage (existing rather than staying). Of course, the form in which the temperature detection end 81 is installed on the housing surface 72 is easy to attach the temperature detection end 81 and perform maintenance. In addition, the upper portion of the double damper 71 often has a small cross-sectional area of the dust discharge path 3, so that a bridge (clogging) due to dust D may occur. Since it can be detected, it is possible to deal with the bridge promptly.
Note that the temperature detection end 81 is not necessarily provided on the housing surface 72 of the double damper 71 but may be provided at another position. For example, the temperature detection end 81 is a space portion where the dust D below the classification device 5 falls, It can also be provided at a position that does not interfere with the operation of the damper 71. Or it is also possible to provide a detection end (substantially temperature sensing part) in the fireproof brick above the dust discharger 7.

In the present invention, the dust discharge path 3 is provided so as to branch the foreign matter discharge path 4 (in a branched manner). That is, the dust discharge path 3 and the foreign matter discharge path 4 are provided to the cyclone main body 2 so as to be bifurcated.
The foreign matter discharge path 4 adheres to the inner wall of the cyclone 1 and is a path for collecting the foreign matter W when it grows and falls with time. It is not transferred to the road 3.

That is, the classifying device 5 having the sorting hole 51 as described above is provided at the branching portion, that is, the bifurcated portion between the dust discharging path 3 and the foreign matter discharging path 4, and without passing through the sorting hole 51. A large foreign substance W placed on the classification device 5 is caught (captured) here and sent to the foreign substance discharge path 4.
Of course, the small foreign matter W that passes (passes through) the sorting hole 51 does not have the possibility of blocking the dust discharge path 3 (dust discharge portion), does not cause a problem in the operation of the double damper 71, and is recovered. When there is no possibility of causing a problem when the dust D is used for some purpose, it is sent to the dust discharge path 3 as it is together with the dust D. Therefore, the size of the sorting hole 51 of the classifying device 5 (allowable passage size) is set so as not to pass the foreign matter W having a size larger than the foreign matter W having a size larger than this size. Is preset.

Here, it is considered that the classifying device 5 is generally configured by assembling a round bar or a square bar rod having appropriate rigidity in a cross shape vertically and horizontally so as to withstand the drop impact of the foreign matter W. (So-called lattice shape). In this case, it is preferable that the unevenness of the rod does not appear on the lattice surface on which the caught foreign substance W is placed. This is because the classifier 5 is installed in an inclined state as shown in FIG. This is because it slides down to the foreign matter discharge passage 4 or rolls down. Incidentally, when the classification device 5 is formed in such a lattice shape, the sorting hole 51 is generally formed in a substantially square shape.
For example, when the classification device 5 is formed by intersecting vertical and horizontal rods (as an example, round steel having a diameter of about 9 mm) so as to overlap each other, a step of the rod is generated above the intersecting members. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), if a rod having an axial direction is arranged on the foreign matter discharge path 4 side and is positioned above the intersection, the foreign substance W is guided to the foreign matter discharge path 4. It is thought that it acts as a guide rail, and the foreign substance W caught by the classifier 5 can be slid down toward the foreign substance discharge path 4 as it is.

Of course, the classification device 5 does not necessarily need to be formed by integrating rods in a cross shape. For example, a perforated plate in which a large number of selection holes 51 are drilled with a laser or the like is applied to a metal plate material having an appropriate plate thickness (rigidity). It is also possible. Incidentally, in this case, the sorting hole 51 is normally opened in a circular shape and, of course, is opened to a diameter that does not allow the foreign object W to pass through.
Further, as the classifying device 5, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to use a thin metal plate (so-called screen) having a large number of sorting holes 51. In this case, the strength as the classifying device 5 is increased. In order to ensure, the screen is supported from below by a reinforcing material 52 having appropriate rigidity. At this time, of course, the reinforcing member 52 is attached at a position where it does not overlap the sorting hole 51 so as not to obstruct the passage of the dust D through the sorting hole 51.
As described above, the classifier 5 preferably has a downward slope toward the foreign matter discharge path 4 so that the foreign matter W caught here can be naturally sent to the foreign matter discharge path 4 side. As described above, the foreign substance W caught by the classifying device 5 and actively responsible for transferring the foreign substance W from the classifying device 5 toward the foreign substance discharge passage 4 (here, inclined) is used as the foreign substance sending means 6, and in particular, the classifying apparatus 5. The reference numeral 61 is attached to the inclination of (a foreign means sending means 6).

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an openable / closable gate is provided on the foreign matter receiving side (near the classifier 5) of the foreign matter discharge passage 4 (this is referred to as an open / close gate 41). The cylinder 42 is controlled to open and close (slide). The open / close gate 41 can be controlled to be opened only when the foreign substance W caught by the classifier 5 is sent to the foreign substance discharge path 4 and to communicate with the cyclone main body 2 (that is, closed during normal operation of the cyclone 1). Keep it).
Of course, the foreign matter discharge path 4 (open / close gate 41) may be always open (including the case where the open / close gate 41 is not provided from the beginning). That is, in this case, a part of the dust D separated from the heat treatment exhaust gas G is also sent to the foreign matter discharge passage 4 and flows into the foreign matter storage pot 43, so that it is necessary to discharge the dust D from the dust discharge passage 3. This is a technique that is used when the nature is low.
Incidentally closing gate 41 is not necessarily only it is opened and closed by a linear sliding operation such as an air cylinder, it is possible to open and close by rotation (so-called flap valve).

Reference numeral 91 in the figure denotes a foreign matter detection sensor (presence detection sensor) as the foreign matter detection means 9, and the foreign matter W caught by the classification device 5 slips down on the classification device 5 toward the foreign matter discharge path 4. At this time (or when it rolls down), the sensing rod 91A of the foreign matter detection sensor 91 is contacted and the sensing rod 91A is displaced to detect the presence of the foreign matter W. Here, the contact-type foreign matter detection sensor 91 having the sensing rod 91A is taken as an example. However, for example, an optical detector comprising a light projecting element and a light receiving element is installed in the foreign matter discharge path 4, and the foreign matter W becomes an optical path. A non-contact sensor or the like that detects the presence of the foreign substance W by blocking the light can be applied.
The foreign matter detection sensor 91 can be linked to the open / close gate 41 of the foreign matter discharge path 4. That is, the open / close gate 41 can be automatically opened by driving the air cylinder 42 by the detection signal of the foreign matter detection sensor 91. Of course, it is also possible to open and close the open / close gate 41 periodically (every predetermined time elapses) during the operation of the cyclone 1.
Note that the open / close gate 41 can be opened (opened / closed) when the temperature detection end 81 detects a decrease in temperature, regardless of the detection signal of the foreign matter detection sensor 91, or the foreign matter detection sensor 91 and the temperature detection end. It is also possible to provide both 81 and open the open / close gate 41 by detecting one of them.

  In addition, a foreign matter storage pot 43 that temporarily stores foreign matter W received (sent) from the cyclone main body 2 is installed at the transfer end portion (feed end portion) of the foreign matter discharge path 4. Therefore, the foreign matter discharge path 4 is formed in a bent state so as to have a downward slope toward the foreign matter storage pot 43 as shown in FIG. 1A, for example, and the foreign matter W received (passed) from the open / close gate 41. However, it is preferably formed so as to naturally fall to the foreign matter storage pot 43.

Note that the foreign substance delivery means 6 that actively sends the foreign substance W caught by the classifier 5 to the foreign substance discharge path 4 from the classifier 5 is not necessarily limited to the inclination 61 of the classifier, for example, FIG. It is also possible to apply a screw conveyor 62 as shown in FIG. Here, in the present embodiment, the classifying device 5 is provided almost horizontally, and the screw conveyor 62 is installed along the upper side thereof.
Incidentally, the screw conveyor 62 rotates a shaft (screw blade 62B) with a spiral blade in a casing-shaped trough 62A to transfer the foreign material W on the classification device 5 in the axial direction (foreign material discharge path 4). To do. Further, in the embodiment shown in this figure, it is considered that the screw conveyor 62 is also responsible for the opening / closing gate 41 and the foreign matter discharge path 4 in FIG. 1 (the screw conveyor 62 enters the foreign matter discharge path 4). ing).
In addition, when the screw conveyor 62 is used, it is considered that a configuration without the open / close gate 41 is general as shown in FIG. 4A. For example, as shown in FIG. It is possible to provide the open / close gate 41 in the path through which the foreign matter W is dropped from the screw conveyor 62 to the foreign matter storage pot 43.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the classifier 5 and the screw conveyor 62 are provided almost horizontally. However, the classifier 5 is provided so as to have a downward slope toward the foreign matter discharge path 4, and the screw conveyor 62 is provided. Can also be provided in the same inclined state, whereby the foreign matter W can be more reliably transferred to the foreign matter discharge path 4 (foreign matter storage pot 43). Incidentally, in this case, both of the inclination 61 of the classifier and the screw conveyor 62 correspond to the foreign substance delivery means 6.
When the screw conveyor 62 is used as the foreign material sending means 6, the open / close gate 41 is opened by the temperature lowering signal detected by the temperature detection end 81 and the screw conveyor 62 is started, so that the foreign material on the classifier 5 W is scraped to the screw blades 62B of the conveyor and sent to the foreign matter storage pot 43.

Further, as the foreign substance sending means 6, for example, a pusher 63 shown in FIG. 5A can be applied. 5A, the classifier 5 and the pusher 63 are provided almost horizontally, but the classifier 5 is inclined downward toward the foreign material discharge path 4 as shown in FIG. 5B. The pusher 63 can be provided in the same inclined state. Incidentally, in this case as well, both the inclination 61 and the pusher 63 of the classifying device correspond to the foreign substance delivery means 6.
When the pusher 63 is used as the foreign matter sending means 6, the open / close gate 41 is opened by the temperature lowering signal detected by the temperature detection end 81 and the pusher 63 is activated, so that the foreign matter W is removed from the classifier 5. It is pushed out to the foreign substance storage pot 43 side.
In FIG. 5A, the open / close gate 41 is illustrated as a so-called flap valve that rotates to open and close. However, when the foreign object detection sensor 91 is also provided, as shown in FIG. It is preferable to take a form (from the viewpoint of the overall configuration of the apparatus).
Incidentally, the foreign object detection sensor 91 is suitable for use in the case where the classification device 5 is installed at an inclination because of the configuration for detecting the foreign material W rolling down from the classification device 5 installed at an angle. Because of the structure in which the screw blade 62B enters the foreign matter discharge path 4, the foreign matter detection sensor 91 is generally not installed even if the classification device 5 is installed at an inclination.

The cyclone 1 provided with the foreign matter removing mechanism of the present invention has the basic structure as described above. Hereinafter, the operation mode of the cyclone 1 will be described mainly with reference to FIG. The mechanism will be described.
(1) Normal Cyclone Separation / Removal Treatment Heat treatment exhaust gas G taken into the cyclone 1 from the exhaust gas inlet 21 turns to the lower dust discharge path 3 (dust discharge device 7) while turning inside the cyclone 1. Sent. In the meantime, the dust D contained in the heat treatment exhaust gas G is separated by the collision with the inner wall of the cyclone, and the dust D passes through the sorting hole 51 of the classifier 5 to reach the dust discharge path 3 and is discharged from the dust discharge device 7. The Here, for example, a dust discharge device 7 such as a double damper 71 as shown in FIG. 2 is provided on the dust discharge side of the dust discharge path 3 to maintain a high temperature state in the cyclone 1 (in the cyclone main body 2). The dust D is discharged (taken out). That is, in order to discharge the dust D from the cyclone 1, first, only the upper damper is opened, the dust D is sent between the upper and lower dampers (after dropping), and then the upper damper is now opened. The lower damper is opened in a closed state, and the dust D is discharged out of the cyclone 1. Thus, when taking out the dust D, the dust D is taken out so that the upper and lower dampers are not opened together.
Further, the dust removal air A after the dust D is separated and removed from the heat treatment exhaust gas G is discharged from above the cyclone 1 (air discharge port 22).

(2) Adhesion / growth of foreign matter on the inner wall of the cyclone During the normal separation / removal treatment of the cyclone 1, components contained in the heat treatment exhaust gas G become compounds depending on the type and temperature of the heat treatment exhaust gas G. It may adhere to the inner wall of the cyclone 1 as a foreign substance W, which grows with time. Specifically, when animal dung such as chicken dung containing P, K, Ca, etc. is incinerated, and the temperature of the heat treatment exhaust gas G is as high as about 800 ° C., it contains components such as P, K, Ca, etc. The foreign substance W which is a compound is easy to adhere and grow.

(3) Catch of foreign matter by classifier Note that the foreign matter W, which is a compound containing the above-described components such as P, K, and Ca, is extremely hard and peels off from the inner wall of the cyclone 1 and collides with the classifier 5. The classifier 5 catches a thing larger than the sorting hole 51 (foreign matter W). Of course, the foreign matter W smaller than the size of the sorting hole 51 passes through the classification device 5 and is discharged (collected) together with the dust D. In other words, the classification device 5 is configured so as to allow the foreign matter W to be discharged (processed) together with the dust D and to have a size that does not hinder or to block the dust discharge portion, and to capture a larger size. The size of the sorting hole 51 is set in advance.

(4) Transfer of foreign matter to the foreign matter discharge path (discharge)
The foreign matter W caught (captured) by the classifying device 5 is actively sent toward the foreign matter discharge path 4 on the classifying device 5 by the foreign matter sending means 6. As this foreign material sending means 6, for example, an inclination 61 previously given to the classification device 5 can be cited. In this case, the foreign material W caught by the classification device 5 is directed toward the foreign material discharge path 4 on the classification device 5. Is naturally slipped down (or rolled down) and reaches the open / close gate 41.
The foreign substance W that has reached the opening / closing gate 41 comes into contact with, for example, the foreign substance detection sensor 91 provided in the vicinity of the opening / closing gate 41 (see FIG. 1). 41 is opened. Of course, the foreign matter detection sensor 91 is not necessarily provided, and is not necessary when the opening / closing gate 41 is opened periodically (every predetermined time elapses).
In this way, the foreign matter W sent into the foreign matter discharge path 4 naturally falls in this route, finally reaches the foreign matter storage pot 43, and is temporarily stored therein.
In the above description, the open / close gate 41 is kept closed during normal operation, and the foreign matter W is opened only when the foreign matter W is fed into the foreign matter discharge path 4. This is to suppress the transfer. Therefore, when part of the dust D may be transferred to the foreign matter storage pot 43 together with the foreign matter W, the open / close gate 41 may be left open or the open / close gate 41 itself may not be provided. .

As described above, in the present invention, the cyclone 1 is prevented from being blocked by the foreign matter W. However, the temperature detection end 81 is provided on the casing surface 72 of the upper damper of the double damper 71 to operate the cyclone 1. During this, it is preferable to always detect this temperature. Then, it is determined that the foreign substance W dropped from the cyclone is present on the classification device 5 based on the temperature decrease signal of the temperature detection end 81 and the detection signal of the foreign substance detection sensor 91, and measures such as foreign substance removal are taken. Is taken.
Here, it is determined that the stay is detected when the temperature of the casing surface 72 is lowered. When no stay is occurring, the dust discharge path 3 is connected to the dust D and the gas flowing from the cyclone 1 (the cyclone body 2). This is because the temperature rises, and when the foreign matter W stays in the classification device 5, the high temperature dust D and gas do not flow into the dust discharge path 3, and the equipment temperature of the dust discharge path 3 decreases. .
In addition, with this method for judging stay by temperature, anyone can objectively judge stay without depending on the experience and skill level of the operator. In addition, since the temperature change in the dust discharge passage 3 has a fast reaction from the occurrence of stagnation (because it is determined by the temperature of the part very close to the classification device 5 that causes stagnation), detection by temperature can detect stagnation early (retention of stagnation). This can be detected at an extremely early stage), and accordingly, the removal work of the foreign matter W that has caused the stagnation is facilitated.

In the above description, the heat treatment exhaust gas G mainly discharged from the heat treatment furnace is assumed to be directly introduced into the cyclone 1, but the heat treatment exhaust gas G discharged from the heat treatment furnace is once introduced into the heat exchanger. After that, it is possible to introduce the heat treatment exhaust gas from here into the cyclone 1 (a form in which the heat treatment exhaust gas G is indirectly introduced into the cyclone 1).
In the above description, the cyclone 1 having a foreign matter removal mechanism integrally (incorporated) has been described. However, main components of the foreign matter removal mechanism such as the foreign matter discharge path 4 and the classifier 5 are retrofitted to a conventional cyclone. In order to realize the cyclone 1 of the present invention, the foreign matter discharge path 4 and the classification device 5 can be formed as a component unit independent of the cyclone.

1 Cyclone (Cyclone with foreign matter removal mechanism)
2 Cyclone body 3 Dust discharge path 4 Foreign matter discharge path 5 Classification device 6 Foreign matter sending means 7 Dust discharge device 8 Temperature detection means 9 Foreign matter detection means

2 Cyclone body 21 Exhaust gas inlet 22 Air outlet

3 Dust discharge passage

4 Foreign matter discharge passage 41 Opening / closing gate 42 Air cylinder 43 Foreign matter storage pot

5 Classifier 51 Sorting hole 52 Reinforcing material

6 Foreign object delivery means 61 Inclination of classifier 62 Screw conveyor 62A Trough 62B Screw blade (shaft)
63 Pusher

7 Dust ejector 71 Double damper 72 Case surface

8 Temperature detection means 81 Temperature detection end

9 Foreign object detection means 91 Foreign object detection sensor 91A Sensing rod

W Foreign matter (attachment / growth)
G Heat treatment exhaust gas D Dust A Dust removal air

Claims (7)

In introducing the heat treatment exhaust gas discharged from the heat treatment furnace into the cyclone, and separating and removing dust contained in the heat treatment exhaust gas while turning the heat treatment exhaust gas in the cyclone,
The cyclone has a dust discharge path for receiving dust separated from the heat treatment exhaust gas from the cyclone main body to the cyclone main body for turning the heat treatment exhaust gas introduced, and foreign matter adhered and grown on the inner wall of the cyclone during the operation of the cyclone. And a foreign matter discharge path for receiving from the cyclone body,
The bifurcated portion is provided with a classification device having a sorting hole, and when the foreign material grown larger than the sorting hole falls on the inner wall of the cyclone, the classification device catches the foreign material and sends it to the foreign material discharge path. In addition, the dust and foreign matter smaller than the sorting hole is sent through the classifier to the dust discharge path ,
And the dust discharge path is provided with a dust discharge device on the discharge side,
A temperature detection end is provided on the surface of the dust discharge device housing or on the dust discharge path between the classification device and the dust discharge device, so that the retention of foreign matter on the classification device is detected when the temperature decreases. A cyclone foreign material removal mechanism characterized by that.
The foreign matter removing mechanism for a cyclone according to claim 1, further comprising a foreign matter sending means for sending foreign matter caught by the classifying device to the foreign matter discharge path from the classifying device.
The foreign substance delivery means for sending the foreign matter caught by the classifier to the foreign substance discharge path is as follows: the inclination of the classifier that can naturally drop the caught foreign substance toward the foreign substance discharge path, transfer by a screw conveyor, extrusion by a pusher 3. The cyclone foreign matter removing mechanism according to claim 2, wherein at least one of them is applied.
The cyclone foreign matter removing mechanism according to claim 1, 2 or 3 , wherein the cyclone is provided with a foreign matter detection sensor for detecting the foreign matter caught by the classifier.
The foreign matter discharge passage is for the gate of the opened and closed in the receiving opening for receiving the material from the classification device Ru provided,
The gate is opened when the presence of foreign matter is detected on the classifier by a temperature drop signal at the temperature detection end and / or a foreign matter detection signal from the foreign matter detection sensor . The cyclone foreign matter removing mechanism according to 3 or 4 .
The cyclone foreign matter removing mechanism according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 , wherein the cyclone is introduced with heat treatment exhaust gas when the chicken manure is incinerated.
In a cyclone that introduces heat treatment exhaust gas containing dust and separates and removes dust contained in the heat treatment exhaust gas while turning the heat treatment exhaust gas inside the device,
A cyclone comprising the foreign matter removing mechanism according to claim 1, 2 , 3, 4, 5 or 6 .

Images