JP3854424B2 - Waste carbonization pyrolysis melting combustion equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used for dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion treatment of waste such as municipal waste, and separates pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue generated in the pyrolysis drum into pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue. By making improvements to the separation device, it is possible to prevent troubles caused by the accumulation of dust contained in the pyrolysis gas, and to enable the thermal decomposition of waste continuously and efficiently. The present invention relates to a decomposition melting combustion apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 12 shows an example of a conventional carbonization pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus for waste. In FIG. 12, 1 is a waste pit, 2 is a supply device, 3 is a pyrolysis drum, 3b is a heating tube, 4 is a separation device, 5 is a pyrolysis gas duct, 6 is a melting combustion device, 7 is a waste heat boiler, 8 is a dust collector, 9 is a gas purification device, 10 is an induction fan, 11 is a chimney, 12 is a steam heater, 13 is a steam turbine power generator, 14 is a cooling conveyor, 15 is a sorting device, 16 is a pulverizing device, 17 is a combustible fine powder storage tank, 18 is a blower, 19 is a hot air generator, 20 is a heated gas passage, and 21 is a circulation fan. , 22 is a heat exchanger, 23 is a burner, and 24 is a waste supply crane.
[0003]
Thus, the waste W supplied into the pyrolysis drum 3 by the supply device 2 is heated to a temperature of 300 ° C. to 600 ° C. for a certain period of time by the heated gas K under the interruption of air, After being converted into the decomposition residue D, the separation device 4 separates it into the pyrolysis gas G and the pyrolysis residue D by gravity.
[0004]
The separated pyrolysis gas G is sent from the separation device 4 through the pyrolysis gas duct 5 to the melting combustion device 6 where it is burned at a high temperature. The pyrolysis residue D is sent to the sorting device 15 via the cooling conveyor 14 and separated into a relatively coarse noncombustible solid and a fine combustible solid D ′. Further, the separated combustible solid D ′ is finely pulverized by the pulverizing device 16 and then supplied to the melting combustion device 6 and melted and burned together with the pyrolysis gas G at a temperature of 1200 ° C. or higher.
[0005]
The inside of the pyrolysis drum 3 and the melt combustion apparatus 6 are maintained at an appropriate negative pressure by the induction fan 10, whereby the pyrolysis gas G is sent from the pyrolysis drum 3 to the melt combustion apparatus 6 and melt combustion. The combustion exhaust gas G ′ from the device 6 is discharged into the atmosphere through the waste heat boiler 7, the dust collector 8, the gas purification device 9 and the chimney 11.
Note that the molten slag M formed in the molten combustion device 6 is sequentially taken out as a granulated slag.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The dry distillation pyrolysis melting and combustion apparatus configured as shown in FIG. 12 can efficiently melt waste W such as a large amount of municipal waste with high efficiency and has excellent practical utility. .
However, this type of dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus still has problems to be solved, and among these, deposits are generated in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 that leads the pyrolysis gas G from the pyrolysis drum 3 to the melting combustion apparatus 6. Problems such as dust have become a problem that needs immediate resolution.
[0007]
That is, a large amount of dust (5 to 10 g / Nm) is contained in the pyrolysis gas G separated in the separation device 4 provided on the outlet side of the pyrolysis drum 3. ^Three ) And the like, and such dust accumulates in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 over a long period of time, so that the smooth circulation of the pyrolysis gas G is hindered.
Further, the pyrolysis gas G contains a large amount of so-called tar components. When the temperature of the pyrolysis gas G becomes lower than the solidification temperature of the tar components (about 430 to 450 ° C.), the tar components are decomposed into the pyrolysis gas duct. 5 is solidified on the inner wall surface, and the accumulation of dust and the like is further promoted.
[0008]
Therefore, in order to prevent troubles due to the accumulation of dust and the like as described above, the pyrolysis gas duct 5 has a shape having as few horizontal portions as possible, and a method for making it difficult for dust and the like to accumulate in the pyrolysis gas duct 5, A method is employed in which the cracked gas duct 5 is constantly heated to a temperature of 450 ° C. to 480 ° C. by an electric heater (not shown) to reduce the solidification of tar components in the pyrolyzed gas duct 5.
[0009]
However, in the operation of an actual dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus, it is impossible to eliminate the accumulation of dust and the like in the pyrolysis gas duct 5. Etc. may be deposited. In this case, the operation of the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus is stopped, and an operator removes dust or the like accumulated in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 from a manhole or the like.
As a result, the operation of the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus is interrupted, and there is a problem that the amount of waste processing is reduced and the energy consumption is increased.
[0010]
The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems in the pyrolysis gas duct of a conventional dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus, and introduces the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis drum to the melting combustion apparatus. It is intended to provide a dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus that can efficiently and continuously melt waste with less energy consumption by preventing dust and the like from accumulating inside. This is the main object of the invention.
[0011]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 of the present application is directed to pyrolysis pyrolysis of waste material into pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue, and is connected to the outlet side of the pyrolysis drum. Separation device that separates and discharges pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue discharged from the drum into pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue, and melting to burn and burn the separated pyrolysis gas and combustibles in the pyrolysis residue In a waste dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus comprising a combustion apparatus and a pyrolysis gas duct for guiding the separated pyrolysis gas from the separation apparatus to the melting combustion apparatus, the separation apparatus is disposed in the casing and the casing. And a casing for the pyrolysis gas outlet at the top, a pyrolysis residue outlet at the bottom, and an insertion port for a discharge pipe for introducing the pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis drum into the body. Each has before A casing with a separation chamber communicating with the pyrolysis drum through the discharge pipe is formed inside, and one side edge of two plates in which the above-mentioned separation plate is combined so that the vertical cross-sectional shape is a mountain shape is integrated. By doing so, a space part into which most of the pyrolysis gas introduced from the discharge pipe into the separation chamber flows is formed between the plates, and the space part is at the same height as the insertion port of the discharge pipe or above the insertion port. A separation plate that is rotatably supported by the casing at both ends of one side edge thereof, and is introduced into the separation chamber from the pyrolysis drum and flows into the space portion. Dust contained in pyrolysis gas is separated by colliding gas, and separation is performed by detouring pyrolysis gas in the space by the collision and leading to the pyrolysis gas outlet side. Gravity separation of dust types to promote, and further the basic configuration of the invention that has a structure that shake off dust types adhering thereto by rotating the separation plate.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram of a dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a waste pit, 2 is a supply device, 3 is a pyrolysis drum, 4 is a separation device, 5 is a pyrolysis gas duct, 6 is a melting combustion device, 7 is a waste heat boiler, 8 is a dust collector, 9 is a gas purification device, 10 is an induction fan, 11 is a chimney, 12 is a steam heater, 13 is a steam turbine generator, 14 is a cooling conveyor, 15 is a sorting device, 16 is a pulverizer, 17 is a combustible fine powder storage tank, 17 'is a dust collection ash storage tank, 18 is a blower, 18 ′ Is a blower, 19 is a hot air generating furnace, 20 is a heated gas passage, 21 is a circulation fan, 22 is a heat exchanger, 23 is a burner, 24 is a waste supply crane, 25 is a casing of the separation device 5, and 26 is a casing 25 is a separation plate disposed in 25, and 27 is a separation plate 26 A lifting shaft.
[0015]
2 and 3 are schematic longitudinal sectional views of the separation device 4. The separation device 4 thermally decomposes the pyrolysis gas G and the pyrolysis residue D discharged from the pyrolysis drum 3 with the pyrolysis gas G by gravity. The residue D is separated and discharged, and includes a casing 25 connected to the pyrolysis drum 3 and a separation plate 26 disposed in the casing 25.
[0016]
Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the casing 25 includes a body portion 25 a in a vertical posture formed in a rectangular tube shape, and a quadrangular pyramid-shaped ceiling portion provided continuously with the upper end of the body portion 25 a. 25b and a quadrangular pyramid bottom 25c connected to the lower end of the body 25a, and the space surrounded by the body 25a, the ceiling 25b and the bottom 25c gravitates the pyrolysis gas G and the pyrolysis residue D. Thus, the separation chamber 25d is separated into the pyrolysis gas G and the pyrolysis residue D.
Further, a pyrolysis gas outlet 25e for discharging the pyrolysis gas G is formed in the ceiling portion 25b of the casing 25. The pyrolysis gas outlet 25e is connected to the molten combustion apparatus 6 via the pyrolysis gas duct 5. Communication connection is established.
Further, a pyrolysis residue outlet 25f for discharging the pyrolysis residue D is formed at the bottom 25c of the casing 25. The pyrolysis residue outlet 25f is disposed inside the cooling conveyor 14 via a discharge chute (not shown). Communication connection to.
[0017]
A discharge pipe 3a constituting a part of the pyrolysis drum 3 is rotatably inserted into the barrel 25a of the casing 25 so as to penetrate through one side wall of the barrel 25a. The pyrolysis gas G and pyrolysis residue D are discharged from the discharge pipe 3a into the separation chamber 25d.
A seal mechanism (not shown) is interposed between the casing 25 and the discharge pipe 3a so that the pyrolysis gas G in the separation chamber 25d does not leak out of the casing 25.
[0018]
On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the separation plate 26 is movably disposed in the separation chamber 25d of the casing 25 and along the path from the outlet of the discharge pipe 3a to the pyrolysis gas outlet 25e of the casing 25. The dust contained in the pyrolysis gas G is separated by colliding with the pyrolysis gas G discharged from the discharge pipe 3a into the separation chamber 25d, and the pyrolysis gas G is separated from the separation chamber 25d. The inside of 25d is detoured and led to the pyrolysis gas outlet 25e.
[0019]
Specifically, the separation plate 26 is formed by combining two metal plates in a mountain shape, and is fixed to the support shaft 27 laid in the casing 25 in a mountain shape by welding.
The support shaft 27 is rotatably disposed in the separation chamber 25d of the casing 25 between the outlet of the discharge pipe 3a and the pyrolysis gas outlet 25e and in a posture along the axis of the pyrolysis drum 3. A cylindrical support portion 27a, which is rotatably supported by a cylindrical bearing 28 provided opposite to the upper end portion of the body portion 25a of the casing 25, and to which the separation plate 26 is fixed in a mountain shape; It comprises a shaft-like rotational operation portion 27b that is fixed to one end portion of 27a by welding and penetrates the body portion 25a of the casing 25 and projects out of the casing 25.
Accordingly, the separation plate 26 fixed to the support shaft 27 is arranged in the separation chamber 25d of the casing 25 and in the middle of the path from the outlet of the discharge pipe 3a to the pyrolysis gas outlet 25e of the casing 25. . As a result, most of the pyrolysis gas G discharged from the discharge pipe 3a into the separation chamber 25d collides with the separation plate 26 when flowing through the separation chamber 25d toward the pyrolysis gas outlet 25e, and is separated. It flows to the pyrolysis gas outlet 25e while bypassing the inside of the chamber 25d.
Further, the separation plate 26 can be rotated around the support shaft 27 by rotating the rotation operation portion 27b of the support shaft 27 protruding outward from the casing 25 manually or by a drive device (not shown) such as a motor. it can.
[0020]
In FIG. 4, 29 is a reinforcing rib of the separation plate 26, 30 is a gland packing for sealing interposed between the rotary operation portion 27b and the bearing 28, and 31 is a gland packing presser.
[0021]
The size, shape, arrangement position, etc. of the separation plate 26 can prevent collision with the casing 25 when the separation plate 26 rotates, and the pyrolysis gas G discharged from the discharge pipe 3a into the separation chamber 25d is large. Each part is selected so as to flow into the space surrounded by the separation plate 26, collide with the separation plate 26, and then flow to the pyrolysis gas outlet 25e while bypassing the separation chamber 25d.
Further, the separation plate 26, the support shaft 27, the bearing 28, and the reinforcing rib 29 are each formed of a metal material (for example, stainless steel) having excellent corrosion resistance and heat resistance.
[0022]
Next, the operation of the waste carbonization pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The waste W stored in the waste pit 1 is sequentially supplied into the pyrolysis drum 3 by the supply device 2, and is heated through the heating pipe of the pyrolysis drum 3 in a state where substantially oxygen is shut off. The gas K is heated from room temperature to a temperature of 300 ° C. to 600 ° C., preferably 400 ° C. to 500 ° C. By stirring and mixing in this state for about 1 hour, the waste W in the pyrolysis drum 3 is pyrolyzed, and a pyrolysis gas G and a solid pyrolysis residue D are generated.
[0023]
Thermal decomposition of the waste W is usually completed in about 1 hour, and approximately 75 wt% of pyrolysis gas G and 25 wt% of pyrolysis residue D are generated.
The generated pyrolysis gas G is moisture, CO, CO ₂ , H ₂ In addition, it is mainly composed of hydrocarbons and also contains some dust and tar. The lower heating value is about 1500 to 2000 kcal / kg.
Further, the generated pyrolysis residue D is homogenized by stirring and mixing in the pyrolysis drum 3 and becomes particles of uniform size. The pyrolysis residue D is mainly composed of carbon and ash, but the carbon content varies depending on the particle size of the pyrolysis residue D, and the smaller the particle size, the greater the carbon content. For example, when the particle size of the pyrolysis residue D is 5 mm or less, the carbon content is approximately 35 wt%.
[0024]
The pyrolysis gas G and the pyrolysis residue D generated in the pyrolysis drum 3 are discharged from the discharge pipe 3a of the pyrolysis drum 3 into the separation chamber 25d of the adjacent separation device 4, where the pyrolysis gas is caused by gravity. G and pyrolysis residue D are separated.
[0025]
At this time, most of the pyrolysis gas G discharged from the discharge pipe 3a into the separation chamber 25d collides with the separation plate 26 to change the flow direction, and the pyrolysis gas outlet is bypassed while bypassing the separation chamber 25d. Go to 25e. That is, most of the pyrolysis gas G is discharged from the outlet of the discharge pipe 3a into the space surrounded by the separation plate 26, and collides with the inner surface of the separation plate 26 to change the flow direction downward. Thereafter, when the lower end of the separation plate 26 is exceeded, the flow direction is changed upward, and the gas flows between the casing 25 and the separation plate 26 toward the pyrolysis gas outlet 25e.
In this way, the pyrolysis gas G collides with the separation plate 26 in the separation chamber 25d and flows to the pyrolysis gas outlet 25e while bypassing the separation chamber 25d, so that the flow velocity becomes slow, and the pyrolysis is performed during this time. The dusts contained in the gas G are removed by gravity separation. The removed dusts fall to the pyrolysis residue outlet 25f side.
[0026]
The pyrolysis gas G that has been separated in the separation chamber 25d and from which dust has been removed is supplied to the melting combustion device 6 through the pyrolysis gas duct 5 to be combustible solids D ′ (carbon residue) and dust collection which will be described later. So-called melt combustion is performed together with the ash E.
[0027]
On the other hand, the pyrolysis residue D is discharged into the cooling conveyor 14 from the pyrolysis residue outlet 25f together with the dusts separated from the pyrolysis gas G, and a temperature of about 400 ° C. to 500 ° C. on the cooling conveyor 14. After being cooled to a temperature of about 80 ° C. or lower, the sorting device 15 sorts valuable materials such as iron and aluminum, thereby separating the combustible solid D ′ mainly composed of combustible materials. .
[0028]
The separated combustible solid material D ′ is pulverized by the pulverizer 16 and stored in the combustible fine powder storage tank 17, and then is collected by dust from the waste heat boiler 7 or the dust collector 8 by air transportation. In parallel to the melt combustion apparatus 6 where it is burned together with the pyrolysis gas G.
That is, the combustible solid D ′ having a high carbon content supplied into the melt combustion apparatus 6 is about 1300 ° C. which is about 100 to 150 ° C. higher than the melting temperature of ash in the melt combustion apparatus 6 together with the pyrolysis gas G. It is burned at a high temperature, flows into a molten slag M along an inclined bottom surface, and is discharged from a slag discharge port to a slag water-cooled conveyor (not shown) to form a so-called granulated slag.
[0029]
The combustion exhaust gas G ′ having a high temperature of about 1100 to 1200 ° C. generated in the melt combustion apparatus 6 is sent to the waste heat boiler 7 and is cooled to about 200 ° C. by heat recovery in the waste heat boiler 7. Thereafter, the combustion exhaust gas G is discharged from the chimney 11 to the atmosphere after dusts are removed by the dust collector 8 and harmful substances such as HCl, SOx, NOx are removed by the gas purification device 9. .
[0030]
When the operation of the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus is continued for a long time, there is a possibility that dusts contained in the pyrolysis gas G adhere to the separation plate 26 in the separation chamber 25d of the separation apparatus 4. is there. For this purpose, the support shaft 27 is periodically rotated to rotate the separation plate 26. As a result, the separation plate 26 is subjected to vibration and impact, and dust attached to the separation plate 26 is removed. As a result, adhesion of dust to the separation plate 26 is prevented. The dust that has been removed is discharged together with the pyrolysis residue D from the pyrolysis residue outlet 25f.
[0031]
As described above, the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus separates dust contained in the pyrolysis gas G by the separation plate 26 in the separation chamber 25d, and discharges it together with the pyrolysis residue D. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent dust from accumulating in the pyrolysis gas duct 5.
2 and FIG. 3, the pyrolysis pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus has a length of 27 m of the pyrolysis gas duct 5, a flow velocity of about 15 m / sec in the duct of the pyrolysis gas G, and a pressure loss of 30 mmAq. When actually operated under the conditions, there was no adhesion of dusts to the pyrolysis gas duct 5 and the separation plate 26, and the operation was possible without any abnormality.
[0032]
5 to 10 show other examples of the separation plate 26 disposed in the separation device 4.
That is, the separation plate 26 shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B is formed larger than the separation plate 26 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and can swing within the separation chamber 25d via the support shaft 27. It is arranged.
[0033]
The separation plate 26 shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B is formed larger than the separation plate 26 shown in FIG. 5, and the lower part of the two metal plates forming the separation plate 26 is the casing 25. It is bent so as to be parallel to the body portion 25a, and is swingably disposed in the separation chamber 25d via a support shaft 27.
[0034]
7A and 7B, one of the two metal plates forming the separation plate 26 is one metal plate (the metal plate far from the outlet of the discharge pipe 3a). It is formed so as to be larger than the metal plate (the metal plate closer to the outlet of the discharge pipe 3a), and in a posture orthogonal to the axis of the pyrolysis drum 3 in the separation chamber 25d and via the support shaft 27. And can be swung freely.
[0035]
In the separation plate 26 shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, two metal plates forming the separation plate 26 are formed in the same size, and the separation chamber 25d has an axis with respect to the axis of the pyrolysis drum 3. Are arranged so as to be swingable through a support shaft 27.
[0036]
The separation plate 26 shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B and the separation plate 26 shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B are both separated by a single large metal plate. Arranged in a fixed state in the chamber 25d so as to face the outlet of the discharge pipe 3a and to partition the upper space of the separation chamber 25d in the front-rear direction (the left-right direction in FIGS. 9A and 10A). It is installed.
[0037]
The separation device 4 using the separation plate 26 having the shape shown in FIGS. 5 to 10 can also exhibit the same effects as the separation device 4 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and dust is generated in the pyrolysis gas duct 5. Accumulation can be reliably prevented.
[0038]
FIG. 11 is a system diagram showing the main part of the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus is disposed in the casing 25 of the separation apparatus 4. The separation plate 26 is movably disposed, and is provided with a soot blower 32 that blows steam S into the pyrolysis gas duct 5 to blow off dust accumulated in the pyrolysis gas duct 5. The other parts excluding the soot blower 32 have the same configuration as that of FIG.
[0039]
The pyrolysis gas duct 5 is formed in a substantially inverted U shape (or a substantially square shape) in which dusts contained in the pyrolysis gas G are difficult to accumulate. 6 is connected in communication.
[0040]
The soot blower 32 is connected to a plurality of steam blowing nozzles 33a to 33n provided at intervals in the pyrolysis gas duct 5, the steam blowing nozzles 33a to 33n, and the steam heater 12, and each steam blowing nozzle. A steam pipe 34 for supplying steam S to 33a to 33n, and a plurality of steam control valves 35a to 35n (electromagnetic) that are provided in the steam pipe 34 and control the supply amount of the steam S to the steam blowing nozzles 33a to 33n. Valve), a drain trap 36 connected to the steam pipe 34, and a pressure detector 37a are disposed in the separation device 4, and the pressure P upstream of the pyrolysis gas duct 5 is disposed. ₁ The pressure detector 38a for measuring the pressure and the pressure detectors 37b to 37f are arranged between the steam blowing nozzles 33a to 33n, and the pressure P of each part in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 is measured. ₂ ~ P ₆ A plurality of pressure detectors 38b to 38f for detecting the pressure and a pressure detector 37n are disposed in the melting combustion device 6 and the pressure P downstream of the pyrolysis gas duct 5 is detected. _n The detected pressure is compared with respect to at least one pressure detector combination among a plurality of pressure detector combinations arbitrarily determined in advance from among the plurality of pressure detectors 38a to 38n. The valve control device 39 transmits a valve opening signal to the steam control valve when the comparison value reaches a set value.
[0041]
The valve control device 39 detects the pressure detection value P from each of the pressure detectors 38a to 38n. ₁ ~ P _n And two pressure detection values (for example, P _Three And P _Five , P _Four And P _Five , P _Four And P ₆ , P _Five And P ₆ If the difference between the two detection values exceeds the set value, the pressure located downstream from the steam control valve in the vicinity of the pressure detection part of both pressure detectors located upstream. A valve opening signal is sequentially transmitted to the steam control valve in the vicinity of the pressure detection unit of the detector at regular time intervals.
For example, the pressure detection values P on the upstream side and the downstream side of the pyrolysis gas duct 5 ₁ , P _n In contrast to both detected values P ₁ , P _n If the difference exceeds the set value, it is determined that the deposit such as dust in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 has exceeded the allowable range, and the steam control valve 35a located on the upstream side of the pyrolysis gas duct 5 is determined. The valve opening signals are sequentially transmitted to the steam control valves 35a to 35n at predetermined time intervals in order. Similarly, the pressure detection value P _Four And P _Five When the difference between the two exceeds a set value, valve opening signals are sequentially transmitted to the steam control valves 35c to 35e at predetermined time intervals.
[0042]
The pressure signal from the pressure detector 38a is also input to the control panel (not shown) of the induction fan 10, and the pressure P in the pyrolysis drum 3 and the separation device 4 during steady operation. ₁ Is approximately -20 mmH by controlling the air flow of the induction fan 10 ₂ A negative pressure of about O is maintained. In addition, the pressure P in the melt combustion apparatus 6 during steady operation _n Is about -60 to -70 mmH ₂ A negative pressure of about O is maintained.
[0043]
Thus, in the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus, the pressure P upstream of the pyrolysis gas duct 5 (inside the pyrolysis drum 3). ₁ Is a substantially constant value (about −20 mmH by the operation control of the induction fan 10. ₂ O degree). Accordingly, when the amount of dust accumulated in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 increases, the pressure loss in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 increases, and the pressure P on the downstream side of the pyrolysis gas duct 5 (in the molten combustion device 6). _n Is about -120mmH ₂ About -150mmH from O position ₂ It descends to the O position.
[0044]
Pressure P on the upstream side (in the pyrolysis drum 3) of the pyrolysis gas duct 5 ₁ And the pressure P downstream of the pyrolysis gas duct 5 (in the molten combustion device 6) _n Are continuously detected by the pressure detector 38a and the pressure detector 38n and input to the valve control device 39.
In the valve control device 39, the pressure detection signals from both the pressure detectors 38a and 38n are compared, and the pressure P ₁ And pressure P _n Difference from (P ₁ -P _n ) Is a set value (for example, 100 to 120 mmH) ₂ O) If it becomes above, a valve opening / closing signal will be transmitted from the valve control device 39 to each of the steam control valves 35a to 35n at a predetermined timing, and each of the steam control valves 35a to 35n will be upstream after a certain time. The steam control valves 35a to 35n are sequentially opened and closed. The opening / closing operation of each of the steam control valves 35a to 35n is performed during the steady operation of the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus, and therefore it is needless to say that the operation of the apparatus itself need not be stopped.
[0045]
By opening and closing the steam control valves 35a to 35n, the steam S introduced from the steam superheater 12 is accumulated in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 from the steam blowing nozzles 33a to 33n. Injected in the direction of scattering.
Thereby, the dusts accumulated in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 are sequentially blown to the downstream side, and finally sent into the melt combustion apparatus 6.
[0046]
When the dust accumulated in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 is scattered by the blowing of the steam S from the steam blowing nozzles 33a to 33n and sent into the melting combustion apparatus 6, the detected pressure P of the pressure detector 38n. _n Rises and the pressure value during steady operation (approximately −60 to −70 mmH ₂ Return to O). That is, the difference between the two pressure detection values (P ₁ -P _n ) Is the set value (about 40-50mmH) ₂ When it is reduced to O), the opening / closing operations of the steam control valves 35a to 35n are automatically stopped.
[0047]
As described above, the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention separates the dusts contained in the pyrolysis gas G by the separation plate 26 in the separation chamber 25d. This is discharged together with the pyrolysis residue D, and further, a soot blower 32 is provided in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 so that dust accumulated in the pyrolysis gas duct 5 is blown off by the steam S. It is possible to prevent the deposits from occurring even more reliably.
[0048]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the separation plate 26 having a mountain shape or an inverted V-shaped cross section is disposed in the separation chamber 25d of the separation device 4. The size and the like are not limited to those described above, and may be any shape and size as long as dusts contained in the pyrolysis gas G can be separated.
[0049]
In the second embodiment, the upstream pressure P of the pyrolysis gas duct 5 is increased. ₁ And downstream pressure P _n However, the combination of the detected pressure values to be compared is set in advance as appropriate. For example, the detected pressure P _Four And detected pressure P _Five You may make it contrast. That is, the detected pressure P _Four And detected pressure P _Five Is the set value (about 50-80mmH ₂ O) If it becomes more than this, a valve opening / closing signal is transmitted from the valve control device 39 to each of the steam control valves 35c to 35e at a predetermined timing, and in order from the steam blowing nozzles 33c, 33d, 33e, a certain time interval is provided in order. The steam S may be ejected only for a certain time.
[0050]
In the second embodiment, each of the steam control valves 35a to 35n or the plurality of steam valves is opened and closed in order from the upstream side to the downstream side at regular time intervals. Conversely, each steam control valve 35a to 35n or a plurality of steam control valves is opened and closed at regular time intervals in order from the downstream side to the upstream side, and dust is blown away to the upstream side (separator 4 side). May be.
[0051]
In the second embodiment, only one steam blowing nozzle 35a to 35n is always operated and the steam S is blown in order. However, the plurality of steam control valves 35a to 35n are simultaneously turned on. An open state is also possible.
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the invention of claim 1 of the present application has a structure in which the separation plate for separating the dusts contained in the pyrolysis gas is disposed in the separation chamber of the casing forming the separation device. The dust contained in the pyrolysis gas does not accumulate in the gas duct, and the blockage of the pyrolysis gas duct due to the accumulation of dust can be reliably prevented.
As a result, continuous operation of the dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus becomes possible, and waste can be melted with higher efficiency and energy consumption can be greatly reduced.
Further, since dusts in the pyrolysis gas can be separated simply by disposing a separation plate in the separation chamber, the structure is very simple, the cost is not so much, and it is economical. However, it can be easily installed in an existing separation apparatus and is extremely convenient.
Furthermore, by integrating one side edge of two plates, which are a combination of the separation plates provided in the separation chamber so that the longitudinal cross-sectional shape is a mountain shape, a large amount of pyrolysis gas introduced from the discharge pipe between the plates. Forming a space portion into which the portion flows, and positioning the space portion at the same height as the insertion port of the discharge pipe or above the insertion port, and pivotally supporting both sides of the one end edge on the casing, The pyrolysis gas introduced into the separation chamber from the pyrolysis drum and collided with the pyrolysis gas flowing into the space portion is separated to separate dust contained in the pyrolysis gas, and the pyrolysis gas is bypassed in the space portion by the collision. Separating to the pyrolysis gas outlet side to promote gravity separation of the dust separated by the collision, and further rotating the separation plate to remove the dust attached to the separation plate Board It is. As a result, the structure of the separation plate can be simplified, and the separation plate can be separated and removed more efficiently by using the separation plate having a simple structure. Even when it adheres, the dust adhering to the separation plate can be removed by rotating the separation plate.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram of a dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus for waste according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a separation device of a dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a main part of the separation device.
FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the separation device.
FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of the separation device.
FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of the separation device.
FIG. 8 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of the separation device.
FIG. 9 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of the separation device.
FIG. 10 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of the separation device.
FIG. 11 is a system diagram showing a main part of a dry distillation pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus for waste according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is an entire system diagram showing an example of a conventional waste carbonization pyrolysis melting combustion apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 is a pyrolysis drum, 4 is a separation device, 5 is a pyrolysis gas duct, 6 is a melting combustion device, 25 is a casing, 25d is a separation chamber, 25e is a pyrolysis gas outlet, 25f is a pyrolysis residue outlet, and 26 is a separation plate , 32 is a soot blower, G is a pyrolysis gas, D is a pyrolysis residue, W is waste, and S is steam.

Claims (1)

A pyrolysis drum that pyrolyzes waste into pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue, and a pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue discharged from the pyrolysis drum that are connected to the outlet side of the pyrolysis drum and pyrolysis gas Separation device that separates into pyrolysis residue and discharges, melting combustion device that melts and burns the separated pyrolysis gas and combustibles in the pyrolysis residue, and melt combustion of the separated pyrolysis gas from the separation device In a dry distillation pyrolysis melting and combustion apparatus for waste having a pyrolysis gas duct leading to the apparatus, the separation device is formed from a casing and a separation plate disposed in the casing, and the casing is disposed at an upper portion. Separation chamber having a pyrolysis gas outlet, a pyrolysis residue outlet at the bottom, and an insertion port for a discharge pipe for introducing the thermal separation gas from the pyrolysis drum into the body, and communicating with the pyrolysis drum through the discharge pipe And a casing formed therein, also the separation plate, from the discharge pipe to the plates by vertical cross-section are integrated one side edge of the two plates in combination so that a mountain into the separation chamber A space part into which most of the introduced pyrolysis gas flows is formed, and the space part is positioned at the same height as the insertion port of the discharge pipe or above the insertion port, and both ends of one side edge thereof are arranged. A separation plate is rotatably supported on the casing, and is included in the pyrolysis gas by colliding with the separation plate, the pyrolysis gas introduced from the pyrolysis drum into the separation chamber and flowing into the space. The separated dusts are separated, and the pyrolysis gas is diverted in the space by the collision and led to the pyrolysis gas outlet side to promote the gravity separation of the separated dusts. Carbonization heat separation melt combustion apparatus of waste characterized in that a configuration that shake off dust types adhering thereto by rotating the.

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