JP5726361B1 - Solar power system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar power generation system capable of increasing power generation efficiency per panel installation area and having a good cost-effectiveness ratio. SOLUTION: A pair of rails 2 are provided, a rotating shaft 1 of a plurality of main panels P1 to P4 is bridged between these rails, and an outermost main panel P4 is used as a fixed main panel, and the inner side of the fixed main panel P4. The main panels P1 to P3 in the above are used as movable main panels, and a solar power generation spare panel sP is provided below the movement trajectory of the movable main panels P1 to P3. Each of the main panels P1 to P4 keeps an interval where the shade caused by sunlight perpendicular to the light receiving surface at the maximum tilt angle does not reach the light receiving surface of the adjacent main panel, while the light receiving surfaces of the main panels P1 to P4 face each other. When it is set to 1, the movable main panels P1 to P3 are moved in a direction that maximizes the exposure area of the light receiving surface of the spare panel sP to sunlight. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar power generation system using solar energy.

In order to efficiently use a photovoltaic power generation panel that converts light energy into electric power, it is conventionally known to change the tilt angle of the panel according to a time zone.
An example is shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels. On the back side of each panel P, a rotating shaft 1 for adjusting the tilt angle of the panel P is fixed.

Such a panel P is, for example, in the morning time zone when the position of the sun is low, as shown in FIG. The P light-receiving surface is irradiated with sunlight from the east as close to orthogonal as possible.
Note that the maximum tilt angle is an angle set so that solar energy can be efficiently captured even in the morning hours when the position of the sun is low in consideration of various conditions of the apparatus.
Moreover, since the direction of the sun is different between morning and evening, the direction in which the panel P is tilted must be reversed. Therefore, in the evening, the light receiving surface of the panel P is directed westward. In this case, the inclination angle θ of the panel P is maintained at the maximum with respect to the horizontal line on the side opposite to when the panel P is directed eastward. Thus, also in the west, by maintaining the inclination angle θ at the maximum, the sunlight from the west is irradiated from the direction as close to a right angle as possible to the light receiving surface of the panel P.

On the other hand, after noon when the sun is close to directly above, the inclination angle θ of the panel P is set to zero as shown in FIG. 7B so that the light receiving surfaces of all the panels P face directly above. And even after noon, each panel P receives solar light that is substantially orthogonal so that efficient power generation is possible.
Moreover, each said panel P is arrange | positioned all at equal intervals by making the space | interval with the rotating shaft 1 of the adjacent panel P into L. As shown in FIG. Moreover, when the inclination angle θ of each panel P is maximized, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 7A, the shadow of the panel formed by the light orthogonal to each light receiving surface is not applied to the adjacent panel P. The interval L is set.

JP 2011-108703 A

In the conventional system, since the interval L is set so that the shadow of the panel when the inclination angle θ of each panel P is maximized does not reach the adjacent panel P, the inclination angle θ of each panel P is zero. Thus, when the light receiving surfaces of all the panels P are flush with each other, a gap S is formed between adjacent panels as shown in FIG.
When the inclination angle θ of each panel P is set to zero, as described above, it is a time zone with the strongest sunlight after noon, that is, a time zone with the highest power generation efficiency. The gap S that does not contribute to power generation at all during this time period is a large loss of energy. Therefore, there was a problem that the power generation efficiency per installation area of the panel P was lowered.
In addition, as described above, since the power generation efficiency per installation area is low, the conventional system has a problem that the cost-effectiveness ratio is deteriorated when installed in a narrow place.
An object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic power generation system that can increase power generation efficiency per panel installation area and has a good cost-effectiveness ratio.

The first invention provides a pair of rails, spans the rotation axes of a plurality of main panels between the rails, allows the main panel to rotate around the rotation axis, and allows the tilt angle to be adjusted. Of the main panels, the outermost main panel is a fixed main panel fixed to the rail, and the main panel inside the fixed main panel is a movable main panel that moves along the pair of rails. A spare panel is provided below the movement trajectory of each movable main panel.
And each main panel maintains the space | interval which the shadow by the sunlight orthogonal to the light-receiving surface at the maximum inclination angle does not cover the light-receiving surface of an adjacent main panel, On the other hand, the light-receiving surface of each said main panel is made flush The movable main panel is moved in the process, and when each main panel becomes flush, the exposure area of the light receiving surface of the spare panel with respect to sunlight is maximized.
The outermost main panel serving as the fixed main panel is a main panel, which is a panel arranged at the outermost position among the plurality of panels arranged along the rail. Therefore, when a pair of panels located on the outermost sides of both of the panel arrangements along the rails are main panels, the pair of main panels is a fixed main panel, but one is the main panel and the other is the main panel. In the case of a spare panel, only one panel is a fixed main panel.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rotary drive mechanism for rotating the rotary shaft and continuously controlling the tilt angle of the main panel within the range of the maximum tilt angle, and the movable main panel in synchronization with the rotary drive mechanism. And a movement drive mechanism for moving along the line.
Then, the movement drive mechanism moves the main panel to a position that maintains an interval where the shade by sunlight perpendicular to the light receiving surface of the main panel does not reach the light receiving surface of the adjacent main panel according to the inclination angle of the main panel. It is characterized by having a configuration to be made.

  According to the first invention, when each main panel is at the maximum tilt angle, the shade of the panel formed by sunlight perpendicular to the panel is not applied to the adjacent panel, and the power generation capacity of each main panel is fully utilized. However, when the main panel is flush, the spare panel can be exposed to sunlight. Therefore, the power generation efficiency per panel installation area can be increased, and the cost-effectiveness ratio can also be increased.

According to the second invention, the inclination angle of the main panel can be continuously adjusted, and the position of the main panel can be adjusted according to the inclination angle. Even when the main panel is not at the maximum inclination angle, the power generation capacity of each main panel can be utilized to the maximum by maintaining a distance at which the shade by sunlight perpendicular to the main panel does not cover the adjacent main panel.
Further, in the process from the maximum inclination angle to the main panel being flush, the movable main panel is moved by the moving drive mechanism synchronized with the rotation drive mechanism so as to maintain the minimum interval that is not shaded. For example, the gaps between the main panels can be collectively formed at a position corresponding to the spare panel.
Therefore, even if the main panel is not flush with the main panel, the spare panel can be exposed to sunlight by the amount of the gathered gap, and power can be generated at the exposed portion.
In other words, when the main panel is not flush, the exposure area of the spare panel is not the maximum and is partially exposed, but power generation corresponding to the exposure area can be performed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the schematic diagram which showed the panel arrangement | positioning of 1st Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a) is the state in which the main panel became the maximum inclination, (b) is the state which made the main panel flush, (C) is a state in which the main panel has a maximum inclination in the opposite direction to (a). It is a top view of a 1st embodiment. It is the III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a schematic diagram of 2nd Embodiment. It is the VV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the schematic diagram which showed the panel arrangement | positioning of 3rd Embodiment, Comprising: (a) is the state in which the main panel became the maximum inclination, (b) is the state which made the main panel flush. It is the schematic diagram which showed the panel arrangement | positioning of the conventional system, Comprising: (a) is a state when a panel is the maximum inclination, (b) is the state which made the panel flush.

1st Embodiment of this invention is described using FIGS. 1-3.
FIGS. 1A to 1C are schematic views showing the arrangement and operation of the main panels P1 to P4 and the spare panel sP for photovoltaic power generation according to the first embodiment.
This 1st Embodiment is provided with the main panels P1-4 which fixed the rotating shaft 1 to the back surface, and the spare panel sP fixed below the main panel P1 in Fig.1 (a).

The main panels P1 to P4 and the spare panel sP are all photovoltaic power generation panels having the same configuration. The main panels P1 to P4 can adjust the tilt angle θ by rotating the rotary shaft 1.
Further, of the main panels P1 to P4, the main panels P1 to P3 are movable main panels of the present invention that can be adjusted in the left-right direction in the drawing by a moving drive mechanism, which will be described later, and the outermost main panel P4. Is a fixed main panel that does not move in the left-right direction.
The spare panel sP is provided below the movement locus of the main panels P1 to P3 which are the movable main panels.

In the first embodiment, for example, until 10:00 when the sun is low, the inclination angle θ of each of the main panels P1 to P4 is kept at the maximum inclination angle as shown in FIG. The interval L between the main panels P1 to P4 is maintained. This interval L is a distance that does not cover the adjacent main panels P2 to P4 due to sunlight formed by the sunlight orthogonal to the light receiving surfaces of the main panels P1 to P4, as in the conventional case shown in FIG.
1A to 1C, the central positions of the rotary shafts 1 at the maximum tilt angles of the main panels P1 to P4 are indicated by points a1 to a4, respectively, and the central positions of the rotary shafts 1 at the zero tilt angle are shown. These are indicated by points b1 to b4, respectively, which are the positions of main panels P1 to P4.

Further, after 14:00, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), the light receiving surface is directed to the west as shown in FIG. 1 (a) so that the inclination angle θ of each of the main panels P1 to P4 maintains the maximum inclination angle. Yes. Even in the state of FIG. 1 (c), an interval L is maintained so that shade by sunlight perpendicular to the main panels P1 to P4 does not cover the adjacent main panels P2 to P4.
That is, in the time zone when the position of the sun is low, by keeping the inclination angle θ of the main panels P1 to P4 at the maximum inclination angle, the influence of the shade is reduced while making the sunlight close to a right angle with respect to the light receiving surface. I am doing so.

Note that it is almost impossible to make sunlight substantially orthogonal to the light receiving surfaces of the main panels P1 to P4 in all time zones of morning and evening. Even when the main panel interval L, which is not shaded and formed by orthogonal sunlight, is maintained in the state where the inclination angle θ is the maximum inclination angle, the main panels P1 to P1 actually formed by sunlight from a lower position are maintained. There is a time zone for the main panels P1 to P4 that are shaded by P4. This is because if the maximum inclination angle is increased in order to make sunlight close to the horizon in the morning and evening perpendicular to the light receiving surface, the wind pressure received by the main panels P1 to P4 increases during strong winds. In addition, it is not efficient to apply high costs to the fixing means of the main panels P1 to P4 so as to withstand the wind pressure during strong winds as a countermeasure for morning and evening hours when sunlight is weak.
Therefore, the maximum inclination angle is set to an optimum value in consideration of various conditions on the apparatus such as wind pressure. In this embodiment, the maximum inclination angle is set to 45 ° in consideration of the direction of sunlight and wind pressure.

On the other hand, during the period from 10:00 to 14:00, the main panels P1 to P3 are moved while changing the inclination angles of the main panels P1 to P4.
From 10:00 to noon, the main panels P1 to P4 are rotated in the direction of the arrow α from the state of FIG. 1A to change the tilt angle θ from the maximum tilt angle toward zero. While adjusting the tilt angle θ in this way, the main panels P1 to P3 are simultaneously moved in the direction of the arrow x, that is, toward the main panel P4 fixed to the left end. Then, as shown in FIG. 1B, the operation is stopped at a position where the gap between the adjacent main panels becomes s1.

The amount of movement of each main panel P1 to P3 from the state of FIG. 1 (a) to the state of FIG. 1 (b) varies depending on the positional relationship with the fixed main panel P4, and is as follows. .
The movement amount of the rightmost main panel P1 is the distance L1 from the point a1 to the point b1, the movement amount of the adjacent main panel P2 is the distance L2 from the point a2 to the point b2, and further the movement amount of the main panel P3 on the left side. Is L3 from point a3 to point b3.
In this way, when the main panels P1 to P3 are moved by a predetermined amount and brought close to the main panel P4, the main panels P1 to P4 are flush with each other at noon as shown in FIG. The gap between the main panels is s1.
The gap s1 is smaller than the gap S in the conventional system shown in FIG. 7 (b), and the difference between the gap S and s1 is formed at the right end of FIG. 1 (b). The light receiving surface of sP is exposed to sunlight.

  On the other hand, from noon to 14:00 when all the main panels P1 to P4 are flush with each other, the direction in which the main panels P1 to P3 are separated from the main panel P4 while the rotating shaft 1 is further rotated in the arrow α direction, that is, the arrows It is moved in the y direction so that the state shown in FIG. At this time, the main panels P1 to P4 face the west and set the tilt angle θ to the maximum tilt angle.

As described above, in the system of the first embodiment, when the main panels P1 to P4 are flush with each other, a gap is formed at a location corresponding to the spare panel sP, and the entire surface of the spare panel sP is exposed to the sun. It is exposed to light. Therefore, it is possible to generate power with the spare panels sP together with the main panels P1 to P4 that are flush with each other.
Therefore, unlike the prior art shown in FIG. 7B, the power generation efficiency per panel installation area can be increased and the cost-effectiveness ratio can be increased without wasting the gap S between the main panels P1 to P4.
In the evening, the main panels P1 to P4, which are in the state of FIG. 1C, maintain their positions and rotate the rotary shaft 1 in the arrow β direction so that the main panels P1 to P4 are flush with each other. Via the state shown in FIG. 1B, the state shown in FIG.

In the first embodiment, the inclination angle θ is continuously adjusted from 10 o'clock to 14 o'clock, and the positions of the main panels P1 to P3 are simultaneously controlled to continuously change the inclination angle θ panel. Rotation and movement are controlled in synchronization so as to maintain the interval between the main panels P1 to P3 so that the shade due to sunlight orthogonal to is not applied to the adjacent main panel.
In the range where the inclination angle θ of the main panel does not reach the maximum inclination angle, the interval between the main panels P1 to P4 that does not cover the adjacent main panel is smaller than the interval L at the maximum inclination angle. Accordingly, the main panels P1 to P3 are moved to the fixed main panel P4 side, and a gap is formed at a position corresponding to the spare panel sP. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1B, even when the main panels P1 to P4 are not flush with each other, a gap is formed on the spare panel sP side, and a part of the spare panel sP is sunlit from the gap. The portion exposed to light can be used for power generation.

However, according to the present invention, when all the main panels P1 to P4 are flush with each other, it is sufficient that the exposed area of the spare panel sP is maximized, and the rotation and movement of the main panels P1 to P4 are as described above. You do not need to synchronize with. For example, the rotation drive mechanism and the movement activation mechanism may be operated separately.
In the first embodiment, the interval between the main panels P <b> 1 to P <b> 4 is adjusted while continuously adjusting the tilt angle θ according to the sun direction from 10:00 to 14:00 when the sunlight becomes strong. The tilt angle θ may be adjusted intermittently according to the time zone, and the same tilt angle may be maintained for a certain time.
Further, the inclination angle of the main panels P1 to P4 is controlled according to the position of the sun by using a tracking sensor for tracking sunlight or calculating the position of the sun based on the data of the scientific chronology. It may be.

Below, the specific example of the rotational drive mechanism which rotates the main panels P1-P4 of this 1st Embodiment and the movement drive mechanism which moves the main panels P1-P3 is demonstrated.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the panel unit U including the main panels P to P4 and the spare panel sP. Each of the main panels P1 to P4 and the spare panel sP corresponds to the state shown in FIG. The panel unit U is installed so as to be entirely inclined so that the light receiving surfaces of all the panels P1 to P4 and sP face south. In FIG. 1, the installation surface is described as a horizontal plane.
In FIG. 2, the main panels P <b> 1 to P <b> 4 and the spare panel sP are shown smaller than the bevel gears 6 and 7, which will be described later, in order to explain the rotation drive mechanism and the movement drive mechanism. The actual main panels P1 to P4 and the spare panel sP are larger than those shown in FIG. 2 compared to other members, but the size is not particularly limited. A plurality of main panels may be fixed to one rotating shaft 1.

The rotating shaft 1 is fixed to the back surface of each of the main panels P1 to P4, and both ends thereof protrude from both ends of the main panels P1 to P4, and the protruding portions slide on the pair of guide rails 2 and 2. It is provided via the member 3.
The guide rail 2 is a metal rail fixed on a base (not shown). As shown in FIG. 3, the guide rail 2 spans a slide member 3 having a U-shaped cross section. 3 is movable relative to the guide rail 2.
Further, a rolling ball 4 is interposed between the slide member 3 and the guide rail 2.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 2 a is a ball holding groove formed in the guide rail 2, and reference numeral 3 a is a ball holding groove formed in the slide member 3. A plurality of balls 4 held in a space formed by these ball holding grooves 2a and 3a continuously move, and the movement of the slide member 3 moving along the guide rail 2 is made smooth.
Further, here, the slide member 3 that spans the rotating shaft 1 of the main panel P1 will be described with reference to FIG. 3 in which the lower slide member 3 in FIG. 2 is shown in cross section, but it corresponds to the main panels P1 to P4. All the slide members 3 have the same configuration.

The upper and lower sides sandwiching the main panels P1 to P4 and the spare panel sP are symmetrical with respect to the center line of the panels P1 to P4.
Further, the main panel P4 at the left end among the main panels P1 to P4 is a fixed main panel and does not move along the guide rail 2. In FIG. 2, the rotary shaft 1 is spanned over the same slide member 3 as the other main panels P1 to P3. However, the rotary shaft 1 of the main panel P4 may be supported by a member that does not slide. The movement of the slide member 3 to be performed may be restricted.

As shown in FIG. 3, a bearing member 5 that rotatably supports the rotary shaft 1 is fixed to the upper surface of the slide member 3. The rotary shaft 1 is passed through the bearing member 5, and a first bevel gear 6 is fixed to the tip thereof.
The first bevel gear 6 is meshed with a second bevel gear 7 having a rotation transmission shaft 8 passing therethrough (see FIG. 2). The second bevel gear 7 is mounted so as to be capable of relative movement in the axial direction, although the rotation with respect to the rotation transmission shaft 8 is restricted. Therefore, the rotation of the rotation transmission shaft 8 is transmitted to the second bevel gear 7 and further transmitted to the first bevel gear 6.

  Further, a connecting plate 9 is fixed to the end face of the slide member 3 on the second bevel gear 7 side, and the tip end side is brought into contact with the end face of the second bevel gear 7. The connecting plate 9 is provided with a large hole through which the rotation transmission shaft 8 passes, and is configured so as not to contact the rotation transmission shaft 8 in contact with the end face of the second bevel gear 7. Therefore, the connecting plate 9 can move in the axial direction together with the slide member 3 without hindering the rotation of the rotation transmission shaft 8.

Next, the rotation drive mechanism that rotates each of the rotating shafts 1 will be described.
A pair of drive shafts 10, 10 arranged in a straight line is connected to the output shaft of the rotation motor M 1, and a third bevel gear 11 is attached to the tip of each drive shaft 10, 10. Further, a fourth bevel gear 12 is fixed to one end of the rotation transmission shaft 8 and is arranged so as to mesh with the third bevel gear 11. The rotation motor M1 is driven and controlled by a controller (not shown).
Further, the end of the rotation transmission shaft 8 penetrating the fourth bevel gear 12 is rotatably supported by a bearing member 13 fixed to a base (not shown).
Reference numeral 14 in the drawing denotes a bearing member that rotatably supports the drive shaft 10.

In the rotational drive mechanism configured as described above, when the rotation motor M1 rotates, the rotational force is transmitted from the drive shaft 10 to the third bevel gear 11, and via the fourth bevel gear 12 engaged with the third bevel gear 11. It is transmitted to the rotation transmission shaft 8. When the rotation transmission shaft 8 rotates, all the second bevel gears 7 provided on the rotation transmission shaft 8 rotate, and all the rotation shafts 1 rotate via the first bevel gear 6. Thereby, the inclination | tilt angle of each main panel P1-P4 is adjusted.
An inclination angle corresponding to a time zone is set in advance in the controller, and the controller controls the amount of rotation of the rotary shaft 1 in accordance with the set value.

On the other hand, a moving drive mechanism that moves the main panels P1 to P3, which are movable main panels among the main panels P1 to P4, along the guide rail 2 will be described below.
In addition to the rotating motor M1, a moving motor M2 that can be controlled by the controller is provided, and a gear box 15 is connected to the output shaft thereof. The gear box 15 is provided with a gear for adjusting the rotational speed of the moving motor M2, and connected to the first to third shafts 16, 17, and 18 that are rotated by the moving motor M2. Yes.
The first to third shafts 16 to 18 for movement are rotatably supported by a bearing member 19, and pulleys 20, 21 and 22 having the same diameter are fixed to the respective end portions.
The rotation speed adjusted by the gear box 15 is such that the first shaft 16 for rotation is the fastest, and the second shaft 17 and the third shaft 18 are slowed in this order.

  In the vicinity of the fixed main panel P4, pulleys 24, 25, and 26 that are rotatably supported by bearing members 23 are provided at positions corresponding to the pulleys 20, 21, and 22, respectively. Then, endless wires w1, w2, and w3 are placed between the corresponding pair of pulleys. That is, the wire w1 is laid between the pulleys 20 and 24, the wire w2 is laid between the pulleys 21 and 25, and the wire w3 is laid between the pulleys 22 and 26.

Further, wire fixing members 27 to 29 that pass through the rotating shaft 1 and are relatively rotatable are attached to the rotating shafts 1 of the main panels P1 to P3. And the both ends of the said wire w1, w2, w3 are being fixed to the both sides of these wire fixing members 27-29. That is, the wires w1, w2, and w3 laid between the pair of pulleys are configured endlessly via the wire fixing members 27 to 29.
Therefore, if the wires w1, w2, and w3 are moved, the wire fixing members 27 to 29 can be moved.

When the moving motor M2 rotates and the first to third shafts 16 to 18 rotate, the pulleys 20 to 22 rotate, and the wires w1, w2, and w3 move the rotating shaft 1 together with the wire fixing members 27 to 29. The main panels P1 to P3 are moved. At this time, since both ends of each rotating shaft 1 are supported by the slide member 3, the main panels P1 to P3 move smoothly without resistance.
The moving direction of the main panels P1 to P3 can be changed to the arrow x direction or the y direction depending on the rotation direction of the moving motor M2.
Further, the movement amounts of the main panels P1 to P3 are the ratios of the distances L1, L2, and L3 shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C, and the shafts 16, 17, and 18 in the gear box 15 are used. The rotation speed is adjusted.

Therefore, from the state of FIG. 2 in which all the main panels P1 to P4 are flush with each other and the entire surface of the spare panel sP is exposed, the rotation motor M1 is driven to change the inclination angle θ of each of the panels P1 to P4. If the movement motor M2 is driven and the wires w1, w2, and w3 are moved in the arrow y direction, the inclination angle θ is the maximum inclination angle, and the main panel P1 covers the spare panel sP. It can be in the state of.
When each main panel P1 to P3 moves in the arrow y direction, the first bevel gear 6 provided on the rotating shaft 1 pushes the second bevel gear 7 engaged therewith in the arrow y direction. The meshing of the bevel gears 6 and 7 is maintained. Therefore, the inclination angle θ can be adjusted while moving the main panels P1 to P3 along the guide rail 2 in the direction of the arrow y.

Moreover, if the motor M1 for rotation is rotated in the arrow (beta) direction of FIG. 1 from the state of FIG.1 (c), each main panel P1-P4 can be made into the state of Fig.1 (a).
Further, from the state of FIG. 1 (a), if the motor M2 is driven and the wires w1, w2, and w3 are moved in the direction of the arrow x by rotating the motor M1 in the direction of the arrow α, P1 to P3 are close to the main panel P4 and can be in the same state as shown in FIG. 1B and FIG.
And when each main panel P1-P3 moves to the arrow x direction, since the support plate 9 fixed to the said slide member 3 pushes the edge part of the 2nd bevel gear 7 to the arrow x direction, it is 1st, 2nd. The meshing of the bevel gears 6 and 7 is maintained. Therefore, when the main panels P1 to P3 are moved along the guide rail 2 in the direction of the arrow x, the inclination angle θ can be adjusted at the same time.
As described above, the panel unit U shown in FIG. 2 is installed so that the light receiving surfaces of all the panels P1 to P4 and sP are generally inclined toward the south. It is preferable to adjust according to the season.

The second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is different from the first embodiment in the mechanism for adjusting the tilt angle θ of the main panels P1 to P4, but the arrangement and movement of the main panels P1 to P4 and the spare panel sP are different. The state is the same as in the first embodiment. And the same code | symbol as FIG.1, 2 is used for the component which has a function similar to the said 1st Embodiment.
In the second embodiment, a pair of guide rails 30, 30 fixed to a base (not shown) and arranged in parallel are provided, and the rotary shaft 1 is bridged between the guide rails 30, 30.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a state viewed from the outside of one guide rail 30, and shows only the main panels P1 and P2 among the main panels P1 to P4 and the spare panel sP.

The guide rail 30 is a rail having a U-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. 5, and a shaft holding member 31 is incorporated inside. The shaft holding member 31 is a rectangular parallelepiped member made of oil-impregnated metal so that it can slide smoothly in the guide rail 30.
Further, the shaft holding member 31 is formed with a shaft hole 31a and rotatably supports the rotating shaft 1 fixed to each of the main panels P1 to P4 via a bearing member 32 provided on the inner periphery thereof.
Further, a wire for moving the shaft holding member 31 along the guide rail 30 is fixed to the side surface of the shaft holding member 31 in the guide rail 30.

4 and 5, only the wire w1 corresponding to the main panel P1 is shown. Actually, however, the corresponding wires w1, w2, and w2 are respectively connected to the shaft holding members 31 corresponding to the movable main panels P1 to P3. w3 is fixed.
However, since the shaft holding member 31 that holds the rotation shaft of the main panel P4 serving as the fixed main panel does not slide in the guide rail 30, the wire is not fixed and it is not necessary to be slidable.

On the other hand, a substantially triangular connecting plate 33 is fixed to the side surfaces of the main panels P1 to P4, and the rotating shaft 1 is passed through the connecting plate 33 and fixed by welding or the like.
Further, a support shaft 34 is fixed near the lower end of the connecting plate 33 by welding or the like, and a tip thereof is provided in a swing rail 36 having a U-shaped cross section via a shaft holding member 35. The shaft holding member 35 is an oil-impregnated metal member similar to the shaft holding member 31 and is slidable in the swing rail 36.
Further, a shaft hole 35a is formed in the shaft holding member 35, and the support shaft 34 is rotatably supported by a bearing member 37 provided on the inner periphery thereof.
The swing rail 36 is supported in parallel with the guide rail 30 by a plurality of connecting plates 33 provided on the main panels P1 to P4.

A rotation motor M1 is provided near the end of the guide rail 30, and one end of the connecting shaft 38 is fixed to the rotating shaft 39, and the swing rail 36 is rotated to the other end of the connecting shaft 38. Connected freely.
When the rotating shaft 39 of the rotating motor M1 is rotated, for example, in the direction of the arrow α, the swing rail 36 swings due to the rotation of the connecting shaft 39 and moves to a position indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. As a result, the main panels P1 to P4 are inclined together with the connecting plate 33 connected to the shaft holding member 35 provided in the swing rail 36. In FIG. 4, only the state in which the main panel P1 is tilted is indicated by a two-dot chain line, but all the main panels P1 to P4 provided on the guide rail 30 are similarly tilted.
Thus, by tilting the swing rail 36, the tilt angles of the main panels P1 to P4 can be adjusted.

  The wires w1, w2, and w3 fixed to the shaft holding member 31 provided on the guide rail 30 are moved by the same movement drive mechanism as that of the first embodiment. Specifically, the moving motor M2 shown in FIG. 2, the driving pulleys 20, 21, 22 and the driven pulleys 24, 25, 26 driven by the moving motor M2 via the gear box 15 are provided. In addition, the wires w1, w2, and w3 are laid around the pair of pulleys, and the wires w1, w2, and w3 are fixed to the shaft holding members 31, respectively.

The main panels P1 to P3 can be moved by driving the moving motor M2 and moving the wires w1, w2, and w3. Thus, when the main panels P1 to P3 move, the shaft holding member 31 slides inside the guide rail 30, and the shaft holding member 35 slides inside the swing rail 36.
In the second embodiment, as described above, the shaft holding members 31 and 35 are made of oil-impregnated metal so that the sliding resistance with respect to the rails 30 and 36 is reduced. However, the shaft holding members 31 and 35 are not limited to oil-impregnated metal as long as the sliding resistance can be reduced.

Also in the second embodiment, the controller (not shown) drives and controls the rotation motor M1 and the movement motor M2 according to the time zone. It can control as shown to Fig.1 (a)-(c).
Therefore, also in the second embodiment, in the time zone where the position of the sun is low, the main panels P1 to P4 are kept in the main panel P1 to P4 while reducing the shade applied to the adjacent main panels P1 to P4 with the main panel P1 to P4 having the maximum inclination. When they are flush with each other, the exposed area of the light receiving surface of the spare panel sP can be maximized to increase the power generation efficiency per panel installation area and to increase the cost-effectiveness ratio.
Note that the rotation drive mechanism and the movement drive mechanism of the second embodiment may or may not be synchronized.

In the second embodiment, a link mechanism is used as a rotation drive mechanism for adjusting the tilt angles of the main panels P1 to P4. The structure of the rotation drive mechanism is the same as that of the first and second embodiments. Not limited to. Various mechanisms can be used, such as those that use the rotational motion of the drive source as it is for the rotation of the rotary shaft 1, and those that rotate the rotary shaft 1 by converting a linear motion such as a linear motion actuator into a rotational motion.
Furthermore, the configuration of the moving drive mechanism that moves the main panels P1 to P4 along the guide rail is not limited to that of the above embodiment. For example, instead of the wires w1 to w3, a chain or a belt may be used, or the rotational force may be converted into a linear motion using a rack and pinion or a link mechanism.
Furthermore, the drive sources of the rotation drive mechanism and the movement start mechanism can be shared. For example, the rotation motor M1 may be used for moving the movable main panel.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment in which the arrangement of the main panel is different from the first embodiment.
In the third embodiment, the spare panel sP is positioned at the center of the four main panels P1 to P4 arranged along the guide rails 2 and 2, and the outer main panels P1 and P4 are fixed main panels. .
FIG. 6A shows a state in which the inclination angle θ is set to the maximum inclination angle in a predetermined time zone in the morning, for example.
In this state, when the main panels P1 to P4 are made flush with each other in the state of FIG. 6B, the two main panels P2 and P3 in the center are rotated while rotating the rotary shaft 1 in the direction of the arrow α. Is moved to expose the light receiving surface of the spare panel sP, which was behind the main panel P3, to the sun.
The same mechanism as that of the first embodiment or the second embodiment can be used as the rotation drive mechanism that controls the tilt angles of the main panels P1 to P4.

In the third embodiment, when the spare panel sP is exposed from the state of FIG. 6A as shown in FIG. 6B, one main panel P2 is moved in the direction of the arrow y, One main panel P3 is moved in the direction of the arrow x.
The moving drive mechanism for moving the main panels P2 and P3 can use a moving motor M2 and a wire as in the first embodiment.
However, in the third embodiment, since only two main panels P2 and P3 of the main panels P1 to P4 are movable main panels, the wires and the like can be connected only to the main panels P2 and P3. That's fine.
Further, since the main panels P2 and P3 move in opposite directions, it is necessary to adjust the movement direction using a gear or the like.

  Also in the third embodiment, similarly to the other embodiments, a controller (not shown) controls the position of the main panels P1 to P4 together with the inclination angle θ, and each main panel P1 in a time zone where the position of the sun is low. When the main panels P1 to P4 are flush with each other while reducing the shade on the adjacent main panels P1 to P4 with the maximum inclination of P4, the exposure area of the light receiving surface of the spare panel sP is maximized, The power generation efficiency per installation area can be increased and the cost-effectiveness ratio can be increased.

In the third embodiment, two of the four main panels P1 to P4 are fixed main panels. Therefore, the number of movable main panels can be reduced compared to the first and second embodiments. .
Furthermore, the movement amount of the main panels P2 and P3 moving toward the outer fixed main panels P1 and P4 is a distance L4 as shown in FIG. 6B. This distance L4 is equivalent to the distance L3 shown in FIG. 1, and is shorter than the distances L1 and L2.
Therefore, when the spare panel sP is provided at the center of the main panel as in the third embodiment, the movable main panel is compared with the case where the spare panel sP is provided at one end as shown in FIG. The number can be reduced and the moving distance of each movable main panel can be shortened. Accordingly, the power consumption of the movement drive mechanism can be reduced, and the structure of the movement drive mechanism can be simplified.

  In the first to third embodiments, one spare panel 1 and four main panels are used. However, the number of main panels in the direction along the guide rail is not limited to the above embodiment. . It is preferable to set the optimum number of sheets that can effectively use the installation area according to the maximum inclination angle of each main panel, the size of each main panel, and the spare panel.

  This is useful for solar power generation systems in places where the installation area is limited.

P1 to P4 Main panel sP Preliminary panel θ Tilt 1 Rotating shaft 2 Guide rail 30 Guide rail M1 Rotating motor M2 Moving motor L (Panel) spacing

Claims (2)

A pair of rails are provided, the rotation axes of a plurality of main panels are bridged between the rails, the main panel is rotated around the rotation axis, and the tilt angle can be adjusted.
Among the main panels, the outermost main panel is a fixed main panel fixed to the rail,
The main panel located inside the fixed main panel is a movable main panel that moves along the pair of rails,
Provide a spare panel below the movement trajectory of each of the movable main panels,
While each of the main panels has a maximum inclination angle, the shade caused by sunlight perpendicular to the light receiving surface is kept at an interval that does not reach the light receiving surface of the adjacent main panel,
When the movable main panel is moved in the process of making the light receiving surface of each main panel flush, and when each main panel becomes flush, the exposure area of the light receiving surface of the spare panel to sunlight is maximized. A solar power generation system configured as follows. A rotation drive mechanism for rotating the rotation shaft and continuously controlling the tilt angle of the main panel in the range of the maximum tilt angle;
A movable drive mechanism that moves the movable main panel along the rail in synchronization with the rotational drive mechanism;
The moving drive mechanism is configured to move the main panel to a position that maintains an interval where the shade due to sunlight perpendicular to the light receiving surface of the main panel does not cover the light receiving surface of the adjacent main panel according to the inclination angle of the main panel. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1.

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