JP5621842B2 - 有機発光装置およびこれを用いた光源装置 - Google Patents
有機発光装置およびこれを用いた光源装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5621842B2 JP5621842B2 JP2012509157A JP2012509157A JP5621842B2 JP 5621842 B2 JP5621842 B2 JP 5621842B2 JP 2012509157 A JP2012509157 A JP 2012509157A JP 2012509157 A JP2012509157 A JP 2012509157A JP 5621842 B2 JP5621842 B2 JP 5621842B2
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- light emitting
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- DJIDMBMICUTNOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(=CC=C(C=C1)N(C1=CC(=CC=C1)C)C1=C(C=CC=C1)N(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C1(=CC=C(C=C1)N(C1=CC(=CC=C1)C)C1=C(C=CC=C1)N(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 DJIDMBMICUTNOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUBDISDSCLKKRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1=C2C(C)(C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=C2C(C)(C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=C2C(C)(C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C1=C2C(C)(C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=C2C(C)(C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=C2C(C)(C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 SUBDISDSCLKKRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000284156 Clerodendrum quadriloculare Species 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001218 Pullulan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004373 Pullulan Substances 0.000 description 1
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004205 SiNX Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910007541 Zn O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006397 acrylic thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002490 anilino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- VMPVEPPRYRXYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-I antimony(5+);pentachloride Chemical compound Cl[Sb](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl VMPVEPPRYRXYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ba+2] OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WASXTVLPXHRVRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C WASXTVLPXHRVRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium oxide Inorganic materials [Cd]=O CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFEAAQFZALKQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Cd+2] CFEAAQFZALKQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBVAVBCYMYWNOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin 6 Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C3=CC4=CC=C(C=C4OC3=O)N(CC)CC)=NC2=C1 VBVAVBCYMYWNOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001925 cycloalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CO1 XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K gallium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ga](Cl)Cl UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PSCMQHVBLHHWTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K indium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[In](Cl)Cl PSCMQHVBLHHWTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002503 iridium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AOZVYCYMTUWJHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iridium(3+) pyridine-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Ir+3].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1 AOZVYCYMTUWJHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- SDVOZSYGHFDAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,4-diphenyl-n-[4-[4-(n-(4-phenylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]phenyl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=C1 SDVOZSYGHFDAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UESCWGWMHJXIKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[3,5-bis[4-(n-(2-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]phenyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=C(C=C(C=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 UESCWGWMHJXIKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJBQKUSEQIRKDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-[bis(9,9-dimethylfluoren-2-yl)amino]phenyl]phenyl]-n-(9,9-dimethylfluoren-2-yl)-9,9-dimethylfluoren-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)(C)C3=CC(N(C=4C=CC(=CC=4)C=4C=CC(=CC=4)N(C=4C=C5C(C)(C)C6=CC=CC=C6C5=CC=4)C=4C=C5C(C)(C)C6=CC=CC=C6C5=CC=4)C4=CC=C5C6=CC=CC=C6C(C5=C4)(C)C)=CC=C3C2=C1 ZJBQKUSEQIRKDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VOFUROIFQGPCGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N nile red Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=NC4=CC=C(N(CC)CC)C=C4OC3=CC(=O)C2=C1 VOFUROIFQGPCGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000368 omega-hydroxypoly(furan-2,5-diylmethylene) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perinone Chemical class C12=NC3=CC=CC=C3N2C(=O)C2=CC=C3C4=C2C1=CC=C4C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C13 DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001792 phenanthrenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920000548 poly(silane) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FVRNDBHWWSPNOM-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Sr+2] FVRNDBHWWSPNOM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001637 strontium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- XSVXWCZFSFKRDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl-(3-triphenylsilylphenyl)silane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Si](C=1C=C(C=CC=1)[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 XSVXWCZFSFKRDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/852—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising a resonant cavity structure, e.g. Bragg reflector pair
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Description
L1≧λ2/4 …(式1)
L1cosθ1=λ1(1/4+n/2)
(nは0以上の整数、0<θ1≦60) …(式2)
L2≧λ4/4 …(式3)
L2cosθ2=λ3(1/4+n/2)
(nは0以上の整数、0<θ2≦60) …(式4)
L3≧λ6/4 …(式5)
L3cosθ3=λ5(1/4+n/2)
(nは0以上の整数、0<θ3≦60) …(式6)
L4≧λ8/4 …(式7)
L4cosθ4=λ7(1/4+n/2)
(nは0以上の整数、0<θ4≦60) …(式8)
Lp1≧λp2/4 …(式9)
Lp1cosθp1=λp1(1/4+n/2)
(nは0以上の整数、0<θp1≦60) …(式10)
L5≧λ10/4 …(式11)
L5cosθ5=λ9(1/4+n/2)
(nは0以上の整数、0<θ5≦60) …(式12)
始めに、粒子の溶剤への分散性を高め、塗布後の粒子同士の凝集を抑制するため、粒子表面をシランカップリング剤で化学修飾する、または、粒子に分散剤を添加する。この粒子をバインダ材料とともに有機溶剤に分散する。こうして光取出し層形成塗料を調製する。この塗料を上部透明電極(IZOまたはITO基板)に塗布し、バインダ材料を硬化させ、光取出し層を形成する。
(A)粒子の種類
光取出し層を形成する粒子の屈折率は透明電極の屈折率より高い必要がある。透明電極はITOまたはIZOなので、屈折率はおおよそ2.0である。光を染み出させるためには、粒子の屈折率は透明電極の屈折率以上であることが必要である。そこで、粒子として、屈折率が2.0以上のものを選択する。また照明の場合は、発せられる光が着色しないよう可視領域で白又は淡色のものが望ましい。具体的には酸化チタン(屈折率:2.5〜2.7),酸化ジルコニウム(屈折率:2.4),チタン酸バリウム(屈折率:2.4),チタン酸ストロンチウム(屈折率:2.37),酸化ビスマス(屈折率:2.45)等が挙げられる。また、信号機(緑色,黄色,赤色)や警告灯(赤色)のように所望の発光色が有色の場合は、その色と類似の色の粒子を使用できる。青色を発光させる場合は酸化銅(屈折率:2.71)等の青色粒子を、赤色を発光させる場合は酸化第二鉄(屈折率:3.01)等の赤色粒子を、黄色を発光させる場合は酸化カドミウム(屈折率:2.49)等の黄色粒子を使用できる。
粒子の平均粒子径は0.5μm以上10μm以下が好適である。また平均粒子径は0.8μm以上5.0μm以下が更に好適である。
これら屈折率の大きな粒子は一般に比重も大きい。例えば、酸化ジルコニウムの比重は6.1、酸化チタンの比重は4.1以上4.2以下、チタン酸バリウムの比重は6.1もある。そのため、粒子の表面をシランカップリング剤で化学修飾することにより溶剤中での分散性を高める。
まず、有機溶剤にシランカップリング剤を添加し、これに粒子を加え、数時間攪拌する。溶剤をエバポレータで揮発させた後、粒子を120℃で30分間加熱する。これにより、シランカップリング剤がケイ素−酸素結合を介して粒子表面に結合する。
−(CH2)3NHCOCH3,−(CH2)3NHCOCH2CH3,−(CH2)3NHCOC3H7,−(CH2)3NHCOC4H9,−(CH2)3NHCOC5H11,−(CH2)3NHCOC6H13,−(CH2)3NHCOC7H15,−(CH2)3NHCOC8H17
−(CH2)3NHCO2CH3,−(CH2)3NHCO2CH2CH3,−(CH2)3NHCO2C3H7,−(CH2)3NHCO2C4H9,−(CH2)3NHCO2C5H11,−(CH2)3NHCO2C6H13,−(CH2)3NHCO2C7H15,−(CH2)3NHCO2C8H17
粒子が無機物であるため、バインダ材料として無機物との密着性が高いエポキシ樹脂が好適である。これ以外の有機物ではアクリル樹脂,ポリカーボネート樹脂,シクロオレフィン系樹脂等の透明性が高く、好適である。
表面が化学修飾された粒子を、表面が化学修飾された透明電極表面に化学結合させる。その後、減圧下、樹脂を粒子間に充填し、粒子間の空隙を埋める。
粒子は上述の(1)の方法で用いた粒子と同様のものを用いる。
高屈折率の微粒子間に含浸しやすい点を考慮して、バインダとして低弾性の樹脂が好適である。また、現実には透明電極表面にはうねり等があり、かならずしも平坦ではない。そのため、バインダが全く変形しなければ、密着性も低くなる。そこで、透明電極表面への密着性を向上させるため、バインダの貯蔵弾性率を下げる。これにより、透明電極表面から圧力をかけた場合、バインダが変形し、透明電極とバインダとの間に気泡がほとんど入らず、透明電極と微粒子とを密着できるようになる。
L1≧λ2/4 …(数式1)
L1cosθ=λ1(1/4+n/2)
(nは0以上の整数、0<θ≦60) …(数式2)
L2≧λ4/4 …(数式3)
L2cosθ=λ3(1/4+n/2)
(nは0以上の整数、0<θ≦60) …(数式4)
2 下部反射電極
3,17 正孔輸送層
4,13,13′ 緑色発光層
5,5′ 電子輸送層
6,6′ バッファ層
7 上部透明電極
8 光取出し層
9 空気層
10 封止基板
12 青色発光層
14,14′ 赤色発光層
15,15′ 電子注入層
16 電荷発生層
18 正孔阻止層
19 第1の赤緑発光ユニット
19′ 第2の赤緑発光ユニット
20 青発光ユニット
Claims (11)
- 第一の基板および第二の基板と、
前記第一の基板および前記第二の基板の間に配置された光取出し層と、
前記光取出し層および前記第一の基板の間に配置された透明電極と、
前記透明電極および前記第一の基板の間に配置された反射電極と、
前記透明電極および前記反射電極の間に配置された第一の発光ユニットと、を有し、
前記光取出し層には粒子およびバインダが含まれ、
前記粒子の屈折率は前記透明電極の屈折率より高く、
前記第一の発光ユニットには第一の発光色を有する第一の発光層が含まれ、
前記第一の発光層における第一の発光点から前記反射電極までの光学長をL1とし、
前記第一の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる長波長側の波長をλ2とし、
前記第一の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる短波長側の波長をλ1とした場合、
下記式1および式2の関係を満たす有機発光装置。
L1≧λ2/4 …(式1)
L1cosθ1=λ1(1/4+n/2)
(nは0以上の整数、0°<θ1≦60°) …(式2) - 請求項1において、
前記第一の発光ユニットには第二の発光色を有する第二の発光層が含まれ、
前記第一の発光層における第一の発光点から前記反射電極までの光学長及び前記第二の発光層における第二の発光点から前記反射電極までの光学長を比較した場合、短い方の光学長をL2とし、
前記第一の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる長波長側の波長及び前記第二の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる長波長側の波長を比較した場合、長い方の波長をλ4とし、
前記第一の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる短波長側の波長および前記第二の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる短波長側の波長を比較した場合、短い方の波長をλ3とした場合、
前記式1および式2の代わりに式3および式4の関係を満たす有機発光装置。
L2≧λ4/4 …(式3)
L2cosθ2=λ3(1/4+n/2)
(nは0以上の整数、0°<θ2≦60°) …(式4) - 請求項2において、
前記第一の発光ユニットには第三の発光色を有する第三の発光層が含まれ、
前記第一の発光層における第一の発光点から前記反射電極までの光学長、前記第二の発光層における第二の発光点から前記反射電極までの光学長および前記第三の発光層における第三の発光点から前記反射電極までの光学長を比較した場合、一番短い光学長をL3とし、
前記第一の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる長波長側の波長、前記第二の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる長波長側の波長および前記第三の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる長波長側の波長を比較した場合、一番長い波長をλ6とし、
前記第一の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる短波長側の波長、前
記第二の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる短波長側の波長および前
記第三の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる短波長側の波長を比較し
た場合、一番短い波長をλ5とした場合、
前記式3の代わりに下記式5の関係を満たし、
前記式4の代わりに下記式6の関係を満たす有機発光装置。
L3≧λ6/4 …(式5)
L3cosθ3=λ5(1/4+n/2)
(nは0以上の整数、0°<θ3≦60°) …(式6) - 請求項1において、
前記透明電極および前記反射電極の間に第二の発光ユニットが配置され、
前記第一の発光ユニットおよび前記第二の発光ユニットの間には電荷発生層が配置され、
前記第二の発光ユニットには第二の発光色を有する第二の発光層が含まれ、
前記第二の発光層における発光点から前記反射電極までの光学長をL4とし、
前記第二の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる長波長側の波長をλ8とし、
前記第二の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる短波長側の波長をλ7とした場合、
下記式7および下記式8の関係を満たす有機発光装置。
L4≧λ8/4 …(式7)
L4cosθ4=λ7(1/4+n/2)
(nは0以上の整数、0°<θ4≦60°) …(式8) - 請求項4において、
前記第二の発光ユニットには第三の発光色を有する第三の発光層が含まれ、
前記第二の発光層における第二の発光点から前記反射電極までの光学長及び前記第三の発光層における第三の発光点から前記反射電極までの光学長を比較した場合、短い方の光学長をLp1とし、
前記第二の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる長波長側の波長及び前記第三の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる長波長側の波長を比較した場合、長い方の波長をλp2とし、
前記第二の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる短波長側の波長及び前記第三の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる短波長側の波長を比較した場合、短い方の波長をλp1とし、
前記式7および前記式8の代わりに下記式9および下記式10の関係を満たす有機発光装置。
Lp1≧λp2/4 …(式9)
Lp1cosθp1=λp1(1/4+n/2)
(nは0以上の整数、0°<θp1≦60°)…(式10) - 請求項3において、
前記第一の発光色は青色であり、
前記第二の発光色は緑色であり、
前記第三の発光色は赤色であり、
前記反射電極から前記透明電極に向かって、前記第一の発光層,前記第二の発光層,前記第三の発光層の順に配置される有機発光装置。 - 請求項5において、
前記第一の発光色は青色であり、
前記第二の発光色および前記第三の発光色の一方は赤色であり、他方は緑色である有機発光装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記第一の発光ユニットには第二の発光色を有する第二の発光層が含まれ、
前記第二の発光層における第二の発光点から前記反射電極までの光学長をL5とし、
前記第二の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる長波長側の波長をλ10とし、
前記第二の発光色の発光スペクトルの最大強度の1%の強度となる短波長側の波長をλ9とした場合、
下記式11および式12の関係を満たす有機発光装置。
L5≧λ10/4 …(式11)
L5cosθ5=λ9(1/4+n/2)
(nは0以上の整数、0°<θ5≦60°) …(式12) - 請求項1において、
前記光取出し層は粘着層を介して前記第二の基板に接着される有機発光装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記第一の発光ユニットは、正孔輸送層,電子輸送層,バッファ層,正孔注入層および電子注入層を有する有機発光装置。 - 請求項1において、
駆動装置を有する光源装置。
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