JP5619868B2 - 水性エマルションを解乳化および分離するための解乳化組成物、系および方法 - Google Patents
水性エマルションを解乳化および分離するための解乳化組成物、系および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5619868B2 JP5619868B2 JP2012503399A JP2012503399A JP5619868B2 JP 5619868 B2 JP5619868 B2 JP 5619868B2 JP 2012503399 A JP2012503399 A JP 2012503399A JP 2012503399 A JP2012503399 A JP 2012503399A JP 5619868 B2 JP5619868 B2 JP 5619868B2
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Images
Classifications
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G33/04—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with chemical means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
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- B01D17/047—Breaking emulsions with separation aids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G7/04—Dewatering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1003—Waste materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- C10G2300/1011—Biomass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/44—Solvents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
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- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
本発明は、生物産物[bioproduct]などのような有機材料を処理する間に形成された水性エマルションおよび油中水滴型エマルションを解乳化および分離するために有用であり得る第四級有機ポリシロキサンを含む組成物および系に関する。
例えば医薬、殺虫剤、食品添加物、溶媒、燃料などのような多種多様の生物産物を生成するために、バイオプロセス[bioprocess]を用いることができる。バイオプロセスは、例えばトウモロコシ、穀物、藻類や他の天然由来有機供給源などのような再生可能原料供給源を利用することができ、石油系原料に依存する従来の合成経路に対して、環境に優しく安価な代替案に可能性をもたらす。例えば、細菌、菌類、カビなどのような微生物を用いる生物学的プロセス[biological process]を介して有益な最終産物を産生できることは、ますます増えつつある派生産物を得る有望な方法であることを証明している。
エマルションは、化学的、物理的、または電解的手段によって破壊することができる。成分を分離するためにエマルションを破壊することを、解乳化や分解[resolution]ともいう。本明細書で用いられる「解乳化すること」または「解乳化」とは、エマルションの2以上の構成を分離すること、例えば水性相または水相から有機相または油相を分離することを意味する。エマルションを破壊または分離するためには、乳化した液滴が融合できるように、エマルションを安定させる要因を崩壊させなければならない。乳化した液滴に蓄積された電荷は、液滴の電荷と反対の電荷を導入することによって中和することができる。本発明の組成物は、エマルションの負に帯電した成分、例えば微生物や有機物などの有機成分、を中和できるカチオン性成分を含む。
aは、0〜200の整数であり;
bは、0〜200の整数であり;
cは、1〜200または1〜100の整数であり;
R1が存在する場合、それぞれのR1は、−(CH2)nCH3(式中、nは0〜32または0〜10の整数である)およびフェニルから選択され;
R2が存在する場合、それぞれのR2は、−(CH2)3−(OCH2CH2)x−(OCH2CH(CH3))y−(OCH2CH2)z−OHである]
であり;
R’は、下記(a)〜(c):
から選択され;ならびに
x、yおよびzの各々は、0〜22または0〜20の整数からそれぞれ独立に選択され、いくつかの態様においてはx、yおよびzの合計が少なくとも1である。
抽出溶媒としてジイソブチルケトンを用いたS.スピノーザの発酵培養液を含むエマルションの相分離を、カチオン性第四級有機ポリシロキサン塩、または、カチオン性第四級有機ポリシロキサン塩と第四級エピハロヒドリン/ポリアミン共重合体との混合物[mixture]、のいずれかを含む本発明の解乳化組成物を用いて評価した。ヘキシレングリコール、水およびそれらの混和物[blends]を、解乳化組成物の担体溶媒として用いた。下記の実施例で使用した発酵培養液は、天然供給源由来の様々なタンパク質、炭水化物、脂質、微量元素および/またはpH緩衝用の電解質を含む。
抽出溶媒としてジイソブチルケトンを用いたS.スピノーザの発酵培養液の相分離を、実施例1に記載した同じ手順を用いて評価した。本発明の解乳化組成物は、KR-C1620第四級エピハロヒドリン/ポリアミン共重合体組成物と、KR-DP0320第四級有機ポリシロキサン塩との混合物または混和物を含む。様々な混和比について、遠心分離1分後の界面レベルを表3および図3にまとめた。第四級有機ポリシロキサン塩を含む組成物は、より速い分離速度を示し、相分離の完全性が向上した。第四級エピハロヒドリン・ポリアミン単独ではS.スピノーザ培養液に対する解乳化能は限定的であったが、第四級有機ポリシロキサン塩を添加すると、解乳化剤の分離効率が顕著に向上した。
抽出溶媒としてジイソブチルケトンを用いたS.スピノーザの発酵培養液の相分離を、実施例1に記載した同じ手順を用いて評価した。本発明の解乳化組成物は、第四級有機ポリシロキサン塩と、第四級エピハロヒドリン・ポリアミン、または、p(DADMAC)のいずれかとの混合物または混和物を含んでいた。様々な混和比について、遠心分離1分後の界面レベルを表4にまとめた。第四級有機ポリシロキサン塩を含む組成物は、分離速度がより速く、相分離の完全性が向上した。第四級エピハロヒドリン・ポリアミン、または、p(DADMAC)のいずれか単独ではS.スピノーザ培養液に対する解乳化能は限定的であったが、第四級有機ポリシロキサン塩を添加すると、解乳化剤の分離効率が顕著に向上した。
抽出溶媒としてジイソブチルケトンを用いたS.スピノーザの発酵培養液の相分離を、実施例1に記載した同じ手順を用いて評価した。本発明の解乳化組成物は、KR-DP0356(第四級有機ポリシロキサン塩)とKR-C1630(第四級エピハロヒドリン・ポリアミン共重合体)との混和物を含んでいた。プロピレングリコールおよび水は、解乳化組成物の担体溶媒であった。様々な処理比について、遠心分離1分後および5分後それぞれの界面レベルを表6にまとめた。組成物の成分および量を表5および6に示す。
抽出溶媒としてトルエンを用いたサッカロマイセス・セレヴィシエ発酵生物培養液の相分離を評価した。この生物培養液を、溶媒1部に対して培養液1部の比で、トルエンと混合した。本発明の解乳化組成物は、KR-DP0320(第四級有機ポリシロキサン塩)および担体溶媒(ヘキシレングリコール)を含んでいた。生物培養液に添加された解乳化剤の量は、培養液1リットル当り解乳化剤組成物4,830μLであった。この生物培養液を、上記の実施例1と同じ手順を用いて分離した。この結果を、下記の表7に示す。目盛り上で5.0mLの相分離を、実質的に完全な分離であると見なした。
抽出溶媒としてトルエンを用いた、ペプトンと牛肉エキスとからなる生物培養液の相分離を評価した。この生物培養液は、極めて高いタンパク含有量を有し、水性/有機系においてエマルション安定剤として作用する生物素材[biologically based material]であった。この培養液の濃度は、牛肉エキスとペプトンとが重量で約10%であり、残りは脱イオン水であった。この生物培養液を、トルエン20部に対して培養液13部の比でトルエン溶媒と混合した。KR-DP0320(第四級有機ポリシロキサン塩)とヘキシレングリコール(担体溶媒)とを含む本発明の解乳化組成物を、生物培養液1リットル当り3,000マイクロリットルの第四級有機ポリシロキサン塩組成物の用量比で添加した。下記の表8に記載の解乳化剤および量にした以外は、上記実施例1と同様の手順を用いてこの生物培養液を分離した。目盛り上で3.8mLの相分離を実質的に完全な分離であると見なした。
Claims (13)
- 水性相と有機相とを含むエマルションを解乳化するための組成物であって、
該エマルションは、生物産物、微生物、酵素、タンパク質、脂質、ビタミン、炭水化物、脂肪、アミノ酸およびそれらの混合物からなる群から選ばれる1以上の成分を含み、かつ、
少なくとも一種の有機ポリシロキサンまたはその塩を、該水性相を該有機相から少なくとも部分的に分離させるのに有効な量で含み、
前記有機ポリシロキサンまたはその塩が、式(I)または(II):
aは、0〜200の整数であり;
bは、0〜200の整数であり;
cは、1〜200の整数であり;
R1が存在する場合、それぞれのR1は、−(CH2)nCH3(式中、nは0〜10の整数である)およびフェニルから選択され;
R2が存在する場合、それぞれのR2は、−(CH2)3−(OCH2CH2)x−(OCH2CH(CH3))y−(OCH2CH2)z−OHである]であり;
R'は、下記(a)〜(c):
から選択され;ならびに
x、yおよびzの各々は、0〜20の整数からそれぞれ独立に選択される、組成物。 - さらに、少なくとも一種の有機溶媒を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記有機溶媒が、酢酸アミル、メチルエチルケトン、アミルアルコール、ブチルアルコール、トルエン、ヘプタン、ベンジルアルコール、ジイソブチルケトン、ベンゼン、キシレン、ナフサ、ナフタレン及びメタノールからなる群より選ばれる、請求項2に記載の組成物。
- 前記エマルションがスピノサドを含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- (a)水性相と有機相とを含むエマルションであって、該エマルションは、生物産物、微生物、酵素、タンパク質、脂質、ビタミン、炭水化物、脂肪、アミノ酸およびそれらの混合物からなる群から選ばれる1以上の成分を含む;および
(b)水性相を有機相から少なくとも部分的に分離させるのに有効な量の請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の組成物であって、該有機相が少なくとも一種の溶媒を含む組成物
を含む混合物。 - 前記有機相が少なくとも一種の有機溶媒を含む、請求項9に記載の混合物。
- (a)水性相と有機相とを含むエマルションであって、該有機相が少なくとも一種の溶媒を含み、生物産物、微生物、酵素、タンパク質、脂質、ビタミン、炭水化物、脂肪、アミノ酸およびそれらの混合物からなる群から選ばれる1以上の成分を含む該エマルションに、請求項1に記載の組成物の有効量を添加することを含む、水性相と有機相とを含むエマルションを解乳化するための方法。
- 前記有機相が少なくとも一種の有機溶媒を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記エマルションがスピノサドを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
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R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |