JP5595844B2 - 自動食器洗い機においてガラス製品を表面腐食から保護するための組成物 - Google Patents
自動食器洗い機においてガラス製品を表面腐食から保護するための組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5595844B2 JP5595844B2 JP2010204674A JP2010204674A JP5595844B2 JP 5595844 B2 JP5595844 B2 JP 5595844B2 JP 2010204674 A JP2010204674 A JP 2010204674A JP 2010204674 A JP2010204674 A JP 2010204674A JP 5595844 B2 JP5595844 B2 JP 5595844B2
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- zinc
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- ttw
- glass
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- VOSQOLXQDQZVCL-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;chloride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] VOSQOLXQDQZVCL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JGPDIWYMBVWJCD-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dodecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O JGPDIWYMBVWJCD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RNZCSKGULNFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;hydrogen sulfate;hydroxide Chemical compound O.[Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RNZCSKGULNFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOTYOGEQAZIFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M zinc;hydroxide;nitrate Chemical compound [OH-].[Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O QAOTYOGEQAZIFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CPYIZQLXMGRKSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Zn+2] CPYIZQLXMGRKSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPEJZWGMHAKWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;oxalate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZPEJZWGMHAKWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0073—Anticorrosion compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/10—Carbonates ; Bicarbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/1233—Carbonates, e.g. calcite or dolomite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
- C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
- C11D3/1253—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite
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Description
粒子状亜鉛含有物質(PZCM)は、配合された組成物中でほとんど不溶性のままである。特定の非限定的実施形態で有用なPZCMの例には、以下を挙げることができる。
TTW ADW洗剤組成物中でPZCMを使用することの多くの効果には、Zn2+イオンが可溶性にならずに化学的に利用可能であることが必要である。これは、「亜鉛反応活性度」と呼ばれる。PZCMの特定の物理的性質は、亜鉛反応活性度に影響を与える可能性を有する。発明者たちは、PZCM亜鉛反応活性度を最適化することに基づいて、より有効なTTW ADW洗剤組成物の製剤を開発した。
結晶構造のより少ないPZCMでは、相対亜鉛反応活性度がより高くなる可能性がある。粒子の結晶の欠陥又は結晶性の一体性を、X線回析(XRD)パターンの反射の半値全幅(FWHM)により測定することができる。理論に束縛されるものではないが、FWHM値が大きいほどPZCMにおいて結晶化度のレベルが低いことが想定される。亜鉛反応活性度は、結晶化度が減少すると増大すると思われる。いかなる好適なPZCM結晶化度も使用されてよい。例えば、好適な結晶化度値は、200(約13°2θ、6.9Å)反射ピークで、約0.01〜1.00、又は約0.1〜約1.00、又は約0.1〜約0.90、又は約0.20〜約0.90、あるいは約0.40〜約0.86FWHM単位の範囲で変わってもよい。
TTW ADW洗剤組成物中のPZCM粒子は、いかなる適切な平均粒径を有してもよい。特定の非限定的実施形態において、より小さい粒径が相対亜鉛反応活性度(%)の増大に正比例することが判明している。適切な平均粒径には、約10nm〜約100μm、又は約10nm〜約50μm、又は約10nm〜約30μm、又は約10nm〜約20μm、又は約10nm〜約10μm、あるいは約100nm〜約10μmの範囲が挙げられるが、それらに限定されない。別の非限定的実施形態において、PZCMは、約15μm未満、又は約10μm未満、あるいは約5μm未満の平均粒径を有してもよい。
いかなる好適なPZCM粒径分布を使用してもよい。好適なPZCM粒径分布には、約1nm〜約150μm、又は約1nm〜約100μm、又は約1nm〜約50μm、又は約1nm〜約30μm、又は約1nm〜約20μm、又は1nm〜約10μm、又は約1nm〜約1μm、又は1nm〜約500nm、又は約1nm〜約100nm、又は約1nm〜約50nm、又は約1nm〜約30nm、又は約1nm〜約20nm、あるいは約1nm以下〜約10nmの範囲が挙げられるが、それらに限定されない。
上記で既に定義されているように、ZCLMは、PZCMのサブクラスである。層状構造は、主に二次元で起こっている結晶の成長を有するものである。層構造を、全ての原子が明確に画定された層に組み込まれるものとしてだけではなく、ギャラリーイオン(gallery ion)と呼ばれる、層の間にイオン又は分子があるものとして記載することが慣例的である(A.F.ウェルズ(A.F.Wells)の「構造無機化学(Structural Inorganic Chemistry)」、クラレンドン出版(Clarendon Press)、1975年)。例えば、ZCLMは、層に組み込まれている及び/又はギャラリーイオンのより不安定な構成成分として、Zn2+イオンを有してもよい。
[M2+ 1-xM2+ 1+x(OH)3(1-y)]+An- (1=3y)/n・nH2O
式中、2つの金属イオンは異なっていてもよく、もし同じであり、亜鉛で表される場合には、式は、[Zn1+x(OH)2]2x+2xA-・nH2Oに簡素化される(H.モリオカ(Morioka)、H.タガヤ(Tagaya)、M.カラス(Karasu)、J.カドカワ(Kadokawa)、K.チバ(Chiba)、無機化学(Inorg.Chem.)1999年、38、4211〜6を参照すること)。この後者の式(式中、x=0.4)は、ヒドロキシ塩化亜鉛(zinc hydroxychloride)及びヒドロキシ硝酸亜鉛(zinc hydroxynitrate)のような一般物質を表す。二価のアニオンが一価のアニオンを置き換える時、これらは水亜鉛鉱にも関連する。
シリカガラスが、角共有Si−O四面体を欠いている対称性及び周期性の連続三次元(3D)網状組織であることは、よく知られている(W.H.ザカリアセン(Zachariasen)、米国化学会誌(J.Am.Chem.Soc.)54、3841、1932年を参照すること)。Si4+イオンは、網状組織形成イオンである。各四面体の頂点において、2つの四面体の間で共有されているものは、架橋酸素として知られている酸素原子である。
3Zn(OH)2.2ZnCO3又はZn5(OH)6(CO3)2
を有してもよく、また図1で示されるように、幾つかの八面体の空間をもつZn2+イオン形成水滑石型水酸化物層から成る。幾つかのZn2+イオンは、水酸化物層の外側に四面体(Td)配位で空間部位の真上及び真下に位置する。層間アニオンはTd Zn2+イオンに弱く結合して、Td配位を完成する。洗浄溶液において、不安定なTd Zn2+イオンを有するADW洗剤組成物は、典型的なアルカリ性pHにおいて安定している。
本明細書に記載されているTTW ADW洗剤組成物は、洗浄サイクルの少なくとも幾らかの部分の間にTTW ADW洗剤組成物により処理された時、ガラス製品の表面に少なくとも幾らかのガラス製品表面腐食保護を提供する。
いかなる好適な量又は形態のいかなる好適な洗剤活性物質もが、TTW ADW洗剤組成物で使用されてよい。好適な洗剤活性物質には、界面活性剤、泡抑制剤、ビルダー系、漂白系、酵素、及びこれらの混合物が挙げられるが、それらに限定されない。
本明細書に記載されているTTW ADW洗剤組成物は、1つ以上の好適な界面活性剤を、任意で、いかなる好適な量又は形態で界面活性剤系に含んでもよい。好適な界面活性剤には、アニオン性界面活性剤、カチオン性界面活性剤、非イオン性界面活性剤、両性界面活性剤(amphoteric surfactants)、両性界面活性剤(ampholytic surfactants)、双極性界面活性剤、及びこれらの混合物が挙げられる。例えば、混合界面活性剤系は、1つ以上の異なる種類の上記で記載される界面活性剤を含んでもよい。
いかなる好適な泡抑制剤がいかなる好適な量又は形態で使用されてもよい。使用に適した泡抑制剤は、低起泡性であってもよく、低曇点非イオン性界面活性剤(上記で記載されている)、及び高級起泡界面活性剤とその中で泡抑制剤として作用する低曇点非イオン性界面活性剤との混合物を挙げることができる(PCT国際公開特許WO93/08876、欧州特許0,705,324、米国特許第6,593,287号、同第6,326,341号、同第5,576,281号を参照すること)。特定の実施形態において、1つ以上の泡抑制剤は、組成物の約0重量%〜約30重量%、又は約0.2重量%〜約30重量%、又は約0.5重量%〜約10重量%、あるいは約1重量%〜約5重量%の量で存在してもよい。
いかなる好適なビルダーをいかなる好適な量又は形態で含むいかなる好適なビルダー系が使用されてもよい。いかなる従来のビルダーも本明細書での使用に好適である。例えば、好適なビルダー類には、クエン酸塩、リン酸塩(例えば、トリポリリン酸ナトリウム、トリポリリン酸カリウム、トリポリリン酸ナトリウムとトリポリリンカリウムとの混合、ピロリン酸ナトリウム若しくはピロリン酸カリウム又はピロリン酸ナトリウムとピロリン酸カリウムとの混合)、アルミノケイ酸塩物質、ケイ酸塩、ポリカルボン酸塩及び脂肪酸、エチレンジアミン四酢酸のような物質、アミノポリホスホネート類のような金属イオン封鎖剤、エチレンジアミンテトラメチレンホスホン酸、並びにジエチレントリアミンペンタメチレンホスホン酸が挙げられるが、それらに限定されない。
いかなる好適な酵素及び/又は酵素安定化系がいかなる好適な量又は形態で使用されてもよい。使用に適した酵素には、プロテアーゼ、アミラーゼ、リパーゼ、セルラーゼ、ペルオキシダーゼ、及びこれらの混合物が挙げられるが、それらに限定されない。改善された漂白剤適合性を有するアミラーゼ及び/又はプロテアーゼが市販されている。実際の問題として、TTW ADW洗剤組成物は、組成物1g当たりの重量で約5mgまで、より典型的には約0.01mg〜約3mgの量の活性酵素を含んでもよい。プロテアーゼ酵素は、通常、組成物1g当たり0.005〜0.1アンソン単位(AU)の活性を提供するのに十分な濃度で、又は市販の酵素製剤の0.01重量%〜1重量%の濃度で、このような市販製剤中に存在する。
いかなる好適な漂白剤がいかなる好適な量又は形態で使用されてもよい。使用に適した漂白剤には、塩素及び酸素漂白剤が挙げられるが、それらに限定されない。特定の実施形態において、漂白剤又は系は、組成物の約0重量%〜約30重量%、又は約1重量%〜約15重量%、又は約1重量%〜約10重量%、あるいは約2重量%〜約6重量%の量で存在してもよい。
いかなる好適な補助剤成分がいかなる好適な量及び形態で使用されてもよい。好適な補助剤成分には、他の洗浄剤(例えば、界面活性剤、補助界面活性剤)、キレート化剤、金属イオン封鎖剤、アルカリ性供給源、軟水剤、二次溶解度変性剤、増粘剤、酸、汚れ放出ポリマー類、分散性ポリマー類、ヒドロトロープ類、結合剤、担体媒質、抗菌活性物質、洗剤充填剤、研磨剤、消泡剤、再付着防止剤、閾値剤又は系、審美性向上剤、(すなわち、染料、着色剤、香料など)、油類、溶媒、及びこれらの混合物が挙げられるが、それらに限定されない。
いかなる好適な分散性ポリマーがいかなる好適な量で使用されてもよい。重合して適切な分散性ポリマー類(例えば、ホモポリマー類、コポリマー類、又はターポリマー類)を形成できる不飽和モノマー酸には、アクリル酸、マレイン酸(又は無水マレイン酸)、フマル酸、イタコン酸、アコニット酸、メサコン酸、シトラコン酸、及びメチレンマロン酸が挙げられる。メチルビニルエーテル、スチレン、エチレンなどのようなカルボキシレートラジカル類を含有しないモノマーセグメントの存在は、このようなセグメントが分散性ポリマーの約50重量%を超えて構成しないという条件下で好適である可能性がある。好適な分散性ポリマー類には、米国特許3,308,067号、同第3,308,067号及び同第4,379,080号で開示されているものが挙げられるが、それらに限定されない。
HO(CH2CH2O)m(CH2CH(CH3)O)n(CH(CH3)CH2O)OH
式中、m、n及びoは、上記で示された分子量及び温度要件を満たす整数である。
いかなる好適な担体媒質がいかなる好適な形態においていかなる好適な量で使用されてもよい。好適な担体媒質には、所望のTTW ADW洗剤組成物の形態に応じて、液体と固体の両方が挙げられる。固体担体媒質は、乾燥粉末、顆粒、錠剤、封入製品、及びこれらの組み合わせで使用されてもよい。好適な固体担体媒質には、周囲温度で非活性の固体である担体媒質が挙げられるが、それに限定されない。例えば、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)のようないかなる好適な有機ポリマーが使用されてもよい。特定の実施形態において、固体担体媒質は、前記組成物の約0.01重量%〜約20重量%、又は約0.01重量%〜約10重量%、あるいは約0.01重量%〜約5重量%の範囲の量で存在してもよい。
いかなる好適な製品形態が使用されてもよい。好適な製品形態には、固体、顆粒、粉末、液体、ゲル、ペースト、半固体、錠剤、水溶性小袋、及びこれらの組み合わせが挙げられるが、それらに限定されない。TTW ADW洗剤組成物は、また、ガラス製品の表面腐食を低減するために、(a)パッケージ、(b)有効量の亜鉛含有層状物質を含むスルーザウォッシュ自動食器洗い洗剤組成物、(c)洗剤活性物質、(d)任意で、補助剤成分及び(e)TTW ADW洗剤組成物の使用説明書を含んでもよいキットを含む、例えば処理システムの一部として、いかなる好適な形態で包装されてもよい。TTW ADW洗剤組成物は、処理システムの一部として、単一区画水溶性小袋及び/又は他の構成成分との負の相互作用が低減されるように、複数区画水溶性小袋に配合されてもよい。
任意の好適な形態(例えば、固体、液体、ゲル)でTTW ADW洗剤組成物を製造するために、好適なプロセス工程を幾つでも有するいかなる好適な方法が使用されてもよい。本明細書で開示されているTTW ADW洗剤組成物は、いかなる好適な形態でいかなる好適な量のZCLMで配合されてもよい。TTW ADW洗剤組成物は、粉末、顆粒、結晶、コア粒子、コア粒子の凝集体、粒塊、粒子、フレーク、押出品、プリルの形態で、又は複合物(例えば、複合粒子、フレーク、押出品、プリルの形態)として、及びこれらの組み合わせで製造されるZCLMを含んでもよい。ZCLMは、砕けにくく、水溶性若しくは水分散性であってもよく、並びに/又は約20℃〜約70℃の温度範囲で溶解、分散及び/若しくは溶融してもよい。
試験1〜3は、特に指示のない限り、同一又は同様の基材(例えば、ガラス、ガラススライド、及び/又はプレート)を使用する同一の条件下で実施される。それぞれの試験において、基材は、ゼネラル・エレクトリック(General Electric)モデルGE2000自動食器洗い機において、以下の洗浄条件:0mg/L(0gpg)水−54℃(130°F)、標準洗浄サイクル、加熱乾燥サイクル入で50〜100サイクル洗浄される。GE2000の上段ラックに以下の基材が置かれる:4個のリビー(Libbey)53非熱処理283.5g(10oz)コリンズ(Collins)グラス、3個のリビー8564SRブリストル・バレー(Bristol Valley)241g(8 1/2oz)白ワイングラス、3個のリビー139 368.5g(13oz)イングリッシュ・ハイボール(English Hi-Ball)グラス、3個のルミナーク・メトロ(Luminarc Metro)453.6g(16oz)クーラーズ(Coolers)又は340g(12oz)ビバレッジ(Beverage)グラス(1つの試験に1つのサイズのみを使用)、1個のロンシャン・クリスタル・ダルク(Longchamp Cristal d’Arques)160g(5 3/4oz)ワイングラス、及び1個のアンカー・ホッキング・プー(Anchor Hocking Pooh)(CZ84730B)226.8g(8oz)ジュースグラス(1つの箱に1つ以上のデザインがある場合は、1つの試験に1つのデザインのみを使用)。GE2000の下段のラックに以下の基材が置かれる:2枚のリビー・サンレイ(Libbey Sunray)No.15532ディナープレート23.5cm(9 1/4in)、及び2枚のギブソン・ブラック・ストーンウエア(Gibson black stoneware)ディナープレート#3568DP(選択肢−使用しない場合は、2枚のバラスト(ballast)ディナープレートに代える)。
有効量のZCLMを含有する多様な洗剤組成物の多様な形態(すなわち、液体−ゲル、粉末若しくは顆粒、錠剤又は水溶性小袋)が使用され、同じ形態でZCLMのないこれらの洗剤組成物と比較される。これらの試験の結果は、表I〜VIに表される。試験結果は、TTW ADW洗剤組成物における有効量のZCLMの存在により、著しいガラス製品腐食効果保護がもたらされることを示す。
以下の50サイクル試験の結果は、製造プロセス中にTTW ADW洗剤組成物に混合されたZCH粉末と分散ZCLM複合粒子(PEG8000及びZCHを含む)との使用を比較した、ガラスケアに対する改善された性能を示す。試験結果は表VIIにまとめられている。
試験2の50サイクル試験と、異なる粒径を用いる複数サイクル及び浸積技術を組み合わせて実施される長時間の多変数試験との比較が実施される。試験の試験条件は以下の通りである:GE2000機は、手動で無効にされ23時間の連続洗浄に延長された主洗浄サイクルを用いて使用され、その後、標準のすすぎ及び乾燥サイクルが続く。第1の洗浄期の洗浄時間は、約24時間である。第2の洗浄期において、このプロセスは、新たな投入量の洗剤組成物及び洗浄水の添加の後、同じセットのグラスで直ちに1回繰り返される。両方の洗浄期の総洗浄時間は、約48時間である。軟水(0〜17mg/L(0〜1gpg))が使用される。温度調節器を有する外部加熱要素が機械に組み込まれて、連続主洗浄サイクル(浸積)の全体を通して洗浄温度を65℃(150°F)に維持する。24時間の第2洗浄期の終了時に、グラスは乾燥され、ライトボックス中で等級付けされ、撮影される。試験結果は、表VIIIにまとめられている。
試験4は、ZCLM粒子結晶化度の間接的な測定である。X線回折(XRD)パターンの反射のFWHM(半値全幅)は、結晶性の欠陥の測定値であり、計測的要因と物理的要因との組み合わせである。同様の解像度の機器を用いて、結晶の欠陥又は結晶性の一体性を、準結晶特性に反応しやすいピークのFWHMに関連付けることができる。この手法に従って、結晶性の歪み/完全性が種々のZCLM試料に割り当てられる。
Claims (4)
- a)0.001重量%〜20重量%の亜鉛含有層状物質と、
b)酵素と、
c)分散性ポリマー又は担体媒質の1つ以上と、
d)界面活性剤、補助界面活性剤、キレート化剤、金属イオン封鎖剤、アルカリ性供給源、軟水剤、二次溶解度変性剤、増粘剤、酸、汚れ放出ポリマー、ヒドロトロープ、結合剤、抗菌活性物質、洗剤充填剤、研磨剤、消泡剤、再付着防止剤、閾値剤、審美性向上剤、油及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される補助剤成分と
を含む、家庭用、施設用、工業用及び/又は商業用の、スルーザウォッシュ自動食器洗い洗剤組成物であって、
前記亜鉛含有層状物質が、水酸化硫酸亜鉛である組成物。 - 前記組成物が、0.01重量%〜6重量%の酵素安定化系を含み、前記酵素安定化系が、カルシウムイオン、ホウ酸、プロピレングリコール、ボロン酸及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物が、ケイ酸ナトリウムを含む請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 前記亜鉛含有層状物質が、前記組成物の0.001重量%〜10重量%で存在する請求項1に記載の組成物。
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-
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- 2004-10-12 US US10/963,165 patent/US7271138B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-18 MX MXPA06004159A patent/MXPA06004159A/es unknown
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JP2011017019A (ja) | 2011-01-27 |
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CA2542697C (en) | 2011-04-12 |
CA2542697A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
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