JP5562098B2 - バイオセンサ - Google Patents
バイオセンサ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5562098B2 JP5562098B2 JP2010081597A JP2010081597A JP5562098B2 JP 5562098 B2 JP5562098 B2 JP 5562098B2 JP 2010081597 A JP2010081597 A JP 2010081597A JP 2010081597 A JP2010081597 A JP 2010081597A JP 5562098 B2 JP5562098 B2 JP 5562098B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- reaction layer
- oxidoreductase
- glucose
- electrode
- biosensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 68
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- MMXZSJMASHPLLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrroloquinoline quinone Chemical compound C12=C(C(O)=O)C=C(C(O)=O)N=C2C(=O)C(=O)C2=C1NC(C(=O)O)=C2 MMXZSJMASHPLLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
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Landscapes
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Description
NAD+を添加する必要がある。
リンキノンを含むポリオールデヒドロゲナーゼ(PQQ−PDH)を用いる方法がある。
この方法は、下記式(7)の反応によって行われるため、溶存酸素の影響を受けない、反
応が簡便で複数の酵素を用いる必要がない、高価なNAD+を添加する必要がないなどの
メリットがある。
寸法比率は、説明の都合上誇張されており、実際の比率とは異なる場合がある。
本発明において使用される絶縁性基板1は、特に制限はなく従来公知のものを使用することができる。一例を挙げると、プラスチック、紙、ガラス、セラミックスなどが挙げられる。また、絶縁性基板1の形状やサイズについては、特に制限されない。
本発明のバイオセンサに使用する電極は、少なくとも作用極2と対極4とを含む。
絶縁層5を構成する材料は特に制限されないが、例えば、レジストインク、PETやポリエチレン等の樹脂、ガラス、セラミックス、紙などにより構成されうる。好ましくは、PETである。
上記の通り、第1実施形態においては、反応層10とカバー7とで挟まれた空間部Sが試料供給部を構成する。反応層10の厚さは特に制限はないが、好ましくは0.01〜50μm、より好ましくは0.05〜40μm、特に好ましくは0.1〜25μmにするとよい。この際の、厚みの制御方法としても特に制限はないが、例えば、反応層の原料の滴下量を適宜調節することにより、制御することができる。
本発明における反応層10(第1の反応層8、第2の反応層9)は、補欠分子族(「補酵素」とも称する)としてピロロキノリンキノン(PQQ)、フラビンアデニンジヌクレオチド(FAD)、またはフラビンモノヌクレオチド(FMN)を含む酸化還元酵素を含む。特に、補欠分子族としてピロロキノリンキノン(PQQ)を含むポリオール脱水素酵素が好ましい。なお、本発明においては、酸化還元酵素を単独で、または混合物の形態として使用してもよい。
また、本発明のバイオセンサを中性脂肪センサとして使用する場合においては、脂質を構成するエステル結合を加水分解する脂質分解酵素をさらに含むことが好ましい。かような脂質分解酵素として、具体的には、リポプロテインリパーゼ(LPL)、リパーゼ、エステラーゼが好適に挙げられる。特に、反応性の観点で、リポプロテインリパーゼ(LPL)が好ましい。
本発明における反応層10(第1の反応層8、第2の反応層9)は、電子伝達体(「電子受容体」とも称する場合がある)を含む。
本発明のバイオセンサにおいては、反応層10(第1の反応層8、第2の反応層9)が、界面活性剤を有する。界面活性剤が添加されることにより、反応層10(第1の反応層8、第2の反応層9)の溶解が促進されうる。
(グルコースを基質とする非酸化還元酵素)
本発明における反応層10(第1の反応層8、第2の反応層9)は、グルコースを基質とする非酸化還元酵素を含む。グルコースを基質とする非酸化還元酵素の添加は、本発明の重要な特徴である。上述のように、バイオセンサの測定においては、被測定物質の酸化還元反応を利用して、還元型となった電子伝達体が電流を流すことにより、電流値が被測定物質の濃度を反映した測定値を与える。そのため、非測定物質以外で電子伝達体を還元する、すなわち酸化還元反応を生じるような夾雑物があれば、そのような夾雑物は正確な測定を妨げることになる。一方、非酸化還元酵素による酵素反応は、電子伝達体の還元に寄与することはない。そのため、夾雑物を非酸化還元反応によって測定に影響しない物質に変換できれば、より正確な測定が可能になる。さらに、被測定物質が違っていても一般的に試料として血糖を含む全血が使用されることや、精製条件が様々でも比較的GDHが混入しやすいことを考慮し、本発明ではグルコースを基質とする非酸化還元酵素を使用する。
本発明における反応層10(第1の反応層8、第2の反応層9)は、さらに、親水性高分子を含んでもよい。
本発明のバイオセンサにおける反応層10または第1の反応層8、第2の反応層9を形成する方法にも特に制限はないが、例えば、以下の方法が挙げられる。
本発明において使用される試料は、好ましくは、溶液形態である。溶液形態における溶媒としても特に制限されず、従来公知の溶媒を適宜参照し、あるいは組み合わせて適用することができる。
(実施例)
電極は、DEP Chip EP−N(有限会社バイオデバイステクノロジー製)を使用した。DEP Chip EP−Nは、絶縁性基板1の上に、それぞれカーボンからなる作用極2、参照極3、対極4が形成され、絶縁層5を挟んで、カーボンからなる作用極作用部分2−1、銀塩化銀からなる参照極作用部分3−1、カーボンからなる対極作用部分4−1が形成されている。
LPL層にグルコースを基質とする非酸化還元酵素であるヘキソキナーゼを添加しないこと以外は、実施例と同様に中性脂肪センサを作製し、測定を行った。その結果を図5に示す。
2 作用極、
2−1 作用極作用部分、
3 参照極、
3−1 参照極作用部分、
4 対極、
4−1 対極作用部分、
5 絶縁層、
6(6a、6b) 接着剤、
7 カバー、
8 第1の反応層、
9 第2の反応層、
10 反応層、
S 空間部。
Claims (8)
- 絶縁性基板と、前記絶縁性基板上に形成されてなる、少なくとも作用極および対極を含む電極と、前記電極上に形成されてなる試料供給部と、を有するバイオセンサであって、
前記試料供給部が、
少なくとも補欠分子族としてピロロキノリンキノン(PQQ)、フラビンアデニンジヌクレオチド(FAD)、またはフラビンモノヌクレオチド(FMN)を含む酸化還元酵素と、
電子伝達体と、
界面活性剤と、
グルコースを基質とする非酸化還元酵素と、
を含む反応層を有し、
前記非酸化還元酵素は前記酸化還元酵素と同じ反応層に含まれる、バイオセンサ。 - 前記反応層が、さらに脂質分解酵素を含む、請求項1に記載のバイオセンサ。
- 前記グルコースを基質とする非酸化還元酵素が、ヘキソキナーゼ、グルコキナーゼ、グルコースイソメラーゼ、トレハロースシンターゼ、スクロースシンターゼおよびラクトースシンターゼからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1または2に記載のバイオセンサ。
- 前記グルコースを基質とする非酸化還元酵素を、1センサあたり0.5〜25U含む、請求項3に記載のバイオセンサ。
- 前記酸化還元酵素が、補欠分子族としてピロロキノリンキノン(PQQ)を含むポリオール脱水素酵素である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のバイオセンサ。
- 前記反応層が、前記酸化還元酵素を含む層と前記脂質分解酵素を含む層とを有する、請求項2〜5のいずれか1項に記載のバイオセンサ。
- 前記反応層が、電極上に形成される第1の反応層と、前記第1の反応層と分離されて形成されてなる第2の反応層を有し、
前記第1の反応層が、前記グルコースを基質とする非酸化還元酵素および前記電子伝達体の一方を含み、かつ、
前記第2の反応層が、他方を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のバイオセンサ。 - 前記反応層が、さらに親水性高分子を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のバイオセンサ。
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