JP5543497B2 - 有機電気装置のための封入方法 - Google Patents
有機電気装置のための封入方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5543497B2 JP5543497B2 JP2011552914A JP2011552914A JP5543497B2 JP 5543497 B2 JP5543497 B2 JP 5543497B2 JP 2011552914 A JP2011552914 A JP 2011552914A JP 2011552914 A JP2011552914 A JP 2011552914A JP 5543497 B2 JP5543497 B2 JP 5543497B2
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- H01L23/31—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape
- H01L23/3157—Partial encapsulation or coating
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- H01L2924/11—Device type
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Description
本発明は、the U.S. Department of Energyからの、助成金番号DE−FC26−06NT42936の助成金による、政府の援助によって一部なされた。したがって、政府は本発明に対して一定の権利を有し得る。
本発明は、有機電子装置用の封入方法(encapsulation)に関する。そのような方法によって作製した封入された装置をさらに提供する。本発明は、たとえば電子工学の分野において有用性が見つかる。
有機電子装置は様々な応用において幅広く使用されている。それらは発光ダイオード、トランジスタ、および光起電力電池などの電気装置であり、有機材料を装置の構成要素のうちの1つまたは複数(たとえば、誘電体層、電極層など)として使用することが含まれる。有機発光ダイオード(OLED)などの有機電気発光装置(ELD)は近年商業的に重要となっている。有機材料はその軽量および低価格に関して望ましい。残念ながら、多くの有機材料では、金属材料と比較して低い安定性および低い耐久性に悩まされる。
本明細書中に記載の封入層は、図中に示すOED構造のうちの任意のもの、および本明細書中に記載したものなどの他の適切なOED構造と共に使用し得ることを理解されたい。
(V) [R1SiO1.5]
[式中、R1は既に定義したとおりである]を有する反復単位を含む架橋結合した材料が形成される。結合材料が式(IV)の構造を有する反復単位を含んでいた場合は、架橋結合した材料もそのような単位を有することを理解されたい。
上述の一般手順を用いて作製した誘電体層の品質を、電気的破壊電位≧20Vを有する装置の歩留りによって評価した。
Claims (19)
- (a)基材およびその上に配置された電子装置を提供するステップと、
(b)セラミック材料である障壁材料を該電子装置上に直接的または間接的に堆積させることによって障壁層を形成するステップと、
(c)該障壁層を酸化させて露出した官能基をもたらすステップと、
(d)ケイ素含有材料であり該障壁層の該官能基と反応することができる官能基を含む結合材料の層を、該障壁層上に堆積させることによって結合層を形成するステップと、
(e)任意選択で該結合層を酸化させて露出した官能基をもたらすステップと、
(f)任意選択で(b)、(c)、(d)、および(e)を繰り返すことによって、さらなる障壁層および結合層の1つまたは複数の対を形成するステップと
を含む、電子装置を封入する方法であって、
前記ケイ素含有材料が、式(I)の構造:
[式中、
R 1 およびR 2 は、H、OH、C 1 〜C 30 ヒドロカルビル、有機金属、ハロカルビル、 および有機シリルから独立して選択され、そのそれぞれが任意選択で置換されていてもよ く、任意選択でヘテロ原子を含有していてもよく、
Xは、−O−および−NR 3 −から選択され、
R 3 は、ヒドロカルビルであり、
nは、1以上の整数である]
を有する単量体単位を含むシロキサンまたはポリシロキサンである、
該方法。 - 前記障壁材料が、アルミニウム酸化物、ケイ素酸化物、チタン酸化物、タングステン酸化物、マグネシウム酸化物、ジルコニウム酸化物、またはカルシウム酸化物、ケイ素窒化物、タングステン窒化物、アルミニウム窒化物、ジルコニウム窒化物、クロム窒化物、チタン窒化物、タンタル窒化物、モリブデン窒化物、ガリウム窒化物、またはホウ素窒化物、ケイ素炭化物、チタン炭化物、バナジウム炭化物、ジルコニウム炭化物、鉄炭化物、またはホウ素炭化物、チタンホウ化物または鉄ホウ化物、ならびにタングステンケイ化物およびチタンケイ化物から選択されるセラミック材料である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 1〜10層のさらなる障壁層および結合層が形成されるように、(b)、(c)、(d)、および(e)をさらに1〜10回繰り返す、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 所定時間の期間、硬化を高温で実施し、そして複数の結合層が形成される場合、該硬化をそれぞれの結合層の形成の後か、またはすべての結合層が形成された後のいずれかで実施する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記電子装置上に保護材料を堆積させることによって、該電子装置および前記障壁層の間に保護層を形成するステップをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記保護材料が、パリレン、およびポリイミドから選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記保護材料が、パリレン−C、パリレン−D、およびパリレン−Nから選択され、そして該保護材料をパリレン二量体の熱蒸発によって堆積させるか、または該保護材料が、ポリイミドであり、そして該保護材料を熱蒸発もしくはスピンコーティングによって堆積させる、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記電子装置が、OLED、有機薄膜トランジスタ、および有機光起電力装置から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記保護層が存在せず、そして前記障壁材料を前記電子装置に直接堆積させる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 基材上に配置された複数の構成要素層を含む電子装置と、
セラミック材料である障壁材料およびケイ素含有ポリマーである架橋結合した材料の第1の対の層を含む封入部分と
を含む、封入された電子装置であって、
前記ケイ素含有ポリマーが、構造−[Si(R 2 )(X) 1.5 ]−
[式中、R 2 は、H、ヒドロキシル、フルオロカルビル、およびヒドロカルビルから選択 され、
Xは、−O−および−NR 3 −から選択され、
R 3 は、アルキルおよびアリールから選択される]
を有する架橋結合した単位を含む、
該電子装置。 - 前記封入部分が、追加の1〜10対の、前記障壁材料および前記架橋結合した材料の交互する層をさらに含む、請求項10に記載の電子装置。
- 前記障壁材料が、アルミニウム酸化物、ケイ素酸化物、チタン酸化物、タングステン酸化物、マグネシウム酸化物、ジルコニウム酸化物、またはカルシウム酸化物、ケイ素窒化物、タングステン窒化物、アルミニウム窒化物、ジルコニウム窒化物、クロム窒化物、チタン窒化物、タンタル窒化物、モリブデン窒化物、ガリウム窒化物、またはホウ素窒化物、ケイ素炭化物、チタン炭化物、バナジウム炭化物、ジルコニウム炭化物、鉄炭化物、またはホウ素炭化物、チタンホウ化物または鉄ホウ化物、ならびにタングステンケイ化物およびチタンケイ化物から選択されるセラミック材料である、請求項10に記載の電子装置。
- Xが−O−であり、R2が、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アルコキシ、アリール、アリールオキシ、アラルキル、およびアルカリールから選択され、そのうちの任意のものがヘテロ原子を含有してもよく、そのうちの任意のものが、非置換であるかまたはハロ、ヒドロキシル、アルキル、およびアリールから選択される1つもしくは複数の基で置換されていてもよい、請求項10に記載の電子装置。
- 前記第1の対の層の前記障壁材料が、前記電子装置における構成要素層の少なくとも1つと直接接触している、請求項10に記載の電子装置。
- 前記封入部分が、前記電子装置の構成要素層の少なくとも1つと直接接触し、そして該電子装置および前記第1の対の層の間に配置されている保護層をさらに含む、請求項10に記載の電子装置。
- 前記保護層が、パリレン、およびポリイミドから選択される保護材料を含む、請求項15 に記載の電子装置。
- OLED、有機薄膜トランジスタ、および有機光起電力装置から選択される、請求項10 に記載の電子装置。
- 前記第1の対の層の前記障壁材料が、共有結合によって前記第1の対の層の前記結合材料と結合している、請求項10に記載の電子装置。
- それぞれの障壁層の障壁材料が任意の隣接する障壁層の結合材料と共有結合している、請 求項11に記載の電子装置。
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