JP5530631B2 - 子豚用家畜飼料の製造方法、及び給餌方法 - Google Patents
子豚用家畜飼料の製造方法、及び給餌方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5530631B2 JP5530631B2 JP2008521365A JP2008521365A JP5530631B2 JP 5530631 B2 JP5530631 B2 JP 5530631B2 JP 2008521365 A JP2008521365 A JP 2008521365A JP 2008521365 A JP2008521365 A JP 2008521365A JP 5530631 B2 JP5530631 B2 JP 5530631B2
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- gel
- feed
- pigs
- calcium
- fed
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/24—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from blood
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/195—Antibiotics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
Description
本発明は、家畜に飼料を給餌する、特に豚に飼料を給餌する方法を含む。本発明はまた、ゲル飼料の新規の組成物、およびこのようなゲル飼料の製造方法も含む。
本発明は、家畜用のゲル型飼料を製造する方法を含む。本方法は、飼料の栄養成分、水、アルギネート、水不溶性のカルシウム成分、またはカルシウム成分とアルギネートとの反応を抑制する金属イオン封鎖剤(sequestrant)を混合することによって、最初に飼料混合物を形成することを含む。飼料混合物が形成されたら、飼料栄養成分を含有するゲルマトリクスを含むゲル飼料が形成されるように、カルシウム成分が可溶化されるか、またはアルギネートとカルシウム成分の間の反応性に対する金属イオン封鎖剤の作用が除去される。
本発明は、栄養素を含有し、味が良く、貯蔵性に優れた飼料を、主成分が水であるゲルマトリクスにて提供する。本ゲル飼料は、家畜の生命維持のために飼料外に追加の水を必要としない程度に、飼料成分および水成分の両方を家畜に供給する。家畜とは、飼育場、牧畜場もしくは農業環境で飼育される豚、馬、牛、羊、もしくは山羊等の農業動物もしくは家畜動物、または動物園もしくは動物学的環境で飼育される動物を意味する。
平均体重6kg(13.3ポンド)の離乳豚計57匹を、35日間の成長試験で使用した。一部の子豚に、ゲルマトリクスがデンプン(Staley Mfg. Co.(米国イリノイ州ディケーター)から入手したSoft SetTMデンプン)である、ゲルベースの飼料を給餌した。それぞれのゲル飼料が異なるタンパク質源(American Protein Corp.(米国アイオワ州エイムズ)から入手したSoluteinTMまたはAppeteinTM)を含む2種類のゲル飼料と共に対照(ゲルなし)飼料を試験で使用した。AppeteinTMは、血漿由来のタンパク質であり、一方SoluteinTMは血清由来のタンパク質である。SoluteinTMを含むゲルの配合を以下の表2に記載し、AppenteinTMを含むゲルの配合を以下の表3に記載する。
離乳後第0〜7日および第7〜14日の間(表5)、各処置群間のADGに関する有意差(P≧0.1)は観察されなかった。しかし、ゲル飼料を給餌された豚は、ゲル飼料を給餌されなかった豚よりもADGの数値が高かった。離乳後第14〜21日および第21〜35日の間にゲル飼料を給餌された豚は、ゲル飼料を給餌されなかった豚よりも大きい(P<0.1)ADGを継続して有した。同様に、35日間の全試験期間にわたり、ゲル飼料を給餌された豚は、ゲル飼料を給餌されなかった豚よりも大きい(P<0.11)ADGを有する傾向があった。離乳後35日までに、SoluteinTMおよびAppeteinTM含有ゲルを給餌された豚は、ゲル飼料を給餌されなかった豚よりもそれぞれ1.2kg(2.6ポンド)、1.5kg(3.3ポンド)体重が増加した。
平均体重4.8kg(10.5ポンド)の離乳豚、計270匹を、35日間の成長試験で使用した。離乳時に、豚を体重によって選別し、11の体重群(ブロック)に分けた。各体重ブロックを、可能な限り同じ体重の20または25匹の子豚で構成した。5種類の異なる食餌処置を、各体重ブロック内の各囲いに無作為に割り付けた。各囲いには4匹または5匹の子豚を収容した。食餌処置を以下の表6に示す。
離乳後第1週の間に、ADGに関する数値的改善が、最初の体重が4.5kg(10ポンド)未満で、かつ第1週にゲル飼料を給餌された豚に観察された。しかし、4.5kg(10ポンド)超の豚では、ADGに関する改善が観察されなかった。第2週の間に、処置群の間にADGに関する有意差は観察されなかった。第3週、第3〜5週、および5週間の全試験期間にわたり、ゲル飼料は、最初の体重が4.5kg(10ポンド)未満であった幼豚のADGを改善したが、最初の体重が4.5kg(10ポンド)超の豚には大して効果がなかった(最初の体重×ゲル相互作用、それぞれP=0.07、P=0.13、およびP=0.01)。離乳後第1週の間のゲル摂取は、残りの新生期間を通して持ち越し効果を有した。本試験の終了時には、体重が4.5kg(10ポンド)未満で、処置2、3、4、および5のゲル飼料を給餌された豚は、ゲル飼料を給餌されなかった豚よりも、それぞれ1.56kg(3.44ポンド)、0.75kg(1.64ポンド)、1.74kg(3.83ポンド)および1.90kg(4.17ポンド)体重が増加した。
3、4、および5)を給餌された豚は、ゲル飼料を給餌されなかった豚と比べて飼料:体重増加を改善した(P<0.1)。
平均体重5.55kg(12.2ポンド)の190匹の去勢雄豚(MCG GPK35母系)を35日間成長試験で使用して、離乳後第1週にゲル飼料を給餌することによって標準飼育プログラムを供給される幼豚の成長に関する効果を評価した。離乳時に豚を体重で選別し、1群当たり20匹または25匹で構成される8つの体重群(ブロック)に分けた。4つの体重群の平均は、4.81kg(10.6ポンド)(小さい豚の代表)および4つの体重群の平均が6.27kg(13.8ポンド)(大きい豚の代表)であった。各体重群内の豚を、囲い毎に5匹または4匹の豚(処置当たり8つの囲い;処置当たり4つの小さい豚の代表および4つの大きい豚の代表)で構成される5つの同等の小群(囲い)に割り当てた。各ブロック内の囲い当たりの豚の頭数を一定に保った。食餌処置を、各体重群(ブロック)内の囲い(小群)に無作為に割り付けた。5つの食餌処置を第1相(離乳後第1〜7日)の間に評価した。評価したゲルを以下の表に記載する。
平均体重3.4kg(7.5ポンド)の離乳豚(MCG)54匹を40日間の成長試験で使用し、新生豚用の標準給餌プログラムを供給される幼豚の成長に対する、香味料を含むかまたは含まないゲルの給餌の影響を評価した。離乳時に、豚を体重で選別し、体重群当たり9匹の豚で構成される6つの体重群(ブロック)に分けた。食餌処置を各体重群(ブロック)内の囲い(小群)に無作為に割り付けた。3種類の食餌処置を、第1相(離乳後第1〜7日)において、(1)対照(ゲルなし)、(2)香味料入りゲル、および(3)香味料なしゲルについて評価した。
離乳の3日前および離乳後7日間のゲル(血漿および卵)の給餌が幼豚の成長に与える影響を評価するために、試験を実施した。10組の同腹の子豚は、離乳の3日前に、分娩枠内のクリープフィーダーで、またはマット内でゲルを給餌された。離乳時に、各同腹の子豚のうち1/3には、表13に記載の処置1用の給餌プログラムを供給し、1/3には、処置2用に記載の給餌プログラムを供給し、および1/3には、処置3用に記載の給餌プログラムを供給した。平均体重4.95kg(10.9ポンド)の離乳豚、計90匹を使用した。処置3の豚だけが、授乳中ゲルを給餌され、かつ各囲いに追加された丸なべ型クリープフィーダーで給餌された。第4日に、ゲル0.45kg(1ポンド)当たり乾燥飼料0.23kg(0.5ポンド)を添加した。第5,6および7日に、ゲル0.45kg(1ポンド)当たり乾燥飼料0.45kg(1ポンド)を添加した。
Claims (14)
- 子豚用の家畜飼料を製造する方法であって、
少なくとも糖質および脂肪の飼料栄養成分を、水、アルギネート、水不溶性のカルシウム成分、または該カルシウム成分と該アルギネートとの反応を抑制する金属イオン封鎖剤と混合することによって形成された飼料混合物を得ることであって、ここで、該飼料栄養成分の混合中のpHは、6.0以上である、こと;および
別の工程において、該カルシウム成分を可溶化するか、または該アルギネートと該カルシウム成分との間の反応性に対する該金属イオン封鎖剤の作用を除去し、その結果、該飼料栄養成分を含有するゲルマトリクスを含むゲル飼料が形成されること
を含み、
該水は、該ゲルマトリクスの主成分であり、そして該ゲル飼料が、該子豚用飼料に必要とされる糖質および脂肪の摂取量に充分な量の糖質および脂肪の量を含む、方法。 - さらに、酸または酸性物質を前記飼料混合物に添加してpHを低下させて前記カルシウム成分を可溶化することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記酸が、クエン酸、フマル酸若しくはプロピオン酸、またはそれらの任意の組み合わせのいずれかである、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 十分な酸または酸性物質を添加して、前記pHを少なくとも4.5以下に低下させる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記カルシウム成分がカルシウム塩である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記カルシウム塩が、第二リン酸カルシウム、炭酸カルシウム、グルコン酸カルシウム、ヨウ素酸カルシウム、硫酸カルシウム、またはそれらの任意の組み合わせである、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記カルシウム塩が、選択されたpHで可溶性になって、前記アルギネートとの反応性を有するようになり、かつ前記飼料混合物のpHが、該選択されたpH以下まで低下される、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記飼料混合物が形成されるときに抗生物質または化学療法薬が添加される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記抗生物質または化学療法薬が、アプラマイシン、メチレンジサリチル酸バシトラシン、バシトラシン亜鉛、バムベルマイシン、クロルテトラサイクリン、リンコマイシン、ネオマイシン、オキシテトラサイクリン、ペニシリン、チアムリン、タイロシン、バージニアマイシン、アルサニル酸、カルボドックス、ロキサルソン、スルファメタジン、スルファチアゾール、またはそれらの任意の組み合わせを含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記飼料混合物が、25〜90%の水、2〜25%のタンパク質、3〜40%の糖質、0〜10%の脂質、および2%未満の繊維質を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つの栄養成分が血液由来タンパク質である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 子豚に給餌する方法であって、該方法は、離乳直後から7日間まで、該子豚に請求項1に記載の方法に従って得られる子豚用の家畜飼料を給餌することを含む、方法。
- 前記栄養成分の少なくとも1つが血液由来タンパク質を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記血液由来タンパク質が血漿または血清の形態である、請求項13に記載の方法。
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PCT/US2005/024968 WO2007011330A1 (en) | 2005-07-14 | 2005-07-14 | Gel based livestock feed, method of manufacture and use |
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JP2012086182A Division JP5531050B2 (ja) | 2012-04-05 | 2012-04-05 | 子豚を離乳させる方法 |
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JP5530631B2 true JP5530631B2 (ja) | 2014-06-25 |
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EP (4) | EP1909594B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5530631B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2614904C (ja) |
DK (1) | DK1909594T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2537076T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007011330A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (9)
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US8092853B2 (en) | 2003-12-02 | 2012-01-10 | Purina Mills, Llc | Gel based livestock feed, method of manufacture and use |
EP1909594B1 (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2015-04-08 | PMI Nutrition International, LLC | Gel based livestock feed, method of manufacture and use |
PL2214656T3 (pl) | 2007-10-26 | 2019-06-28 | Avivagen Inc. | Kompozycje i sposoby wzmacniania odpowiedzi immunologicznej |
ITMI20081478A1 (it) * | 2008-08-06 | 2010-02-07 | Moldes S R L | Formulazione di gel acquoso per la somministrazione di sostanze farmaceutiche e/o nutritive |
CA2975313C (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2020-06-30 | Avivagen Inc. | Methods and compositions for improving the health of animals |
CN102217738A (zh) * | 2011-06-21 | 2011-10-19 | 贾鑫雨 | 一种宠物狗饲料 |
KR20190017788A (ko) * | 2016-06-13 | 2019-02-20 | 닛신마루베니시료 가부시키가이샤 | 새끼 돼지용 사료 |
BR112019005704A2 (pt) * | 2016-09-23 | 2019-07-09 | Can Tech Inc | processo para preparar um alimento em gel para um animal, composição de alimento gelificada, alimento gelificado, agente gelificante, e, método para alimentar um animal. |
ES2933228B2 (es) * | 2022-11-17 | 2024-02-16 | Viader Nexus S L | Alimento para animales gelificable en frio |
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GB1549196A (en) | 1975-06-17 | 1979-08-01 | Mars Ltd | Food product and process |
US3365305A (en) | 1966-04-04 | 1968-01-23 | Kelco Co | Aerated food products and method |
US3635723A (en) | 1968-08-30 | 1972-01-18 | Ralston Purina Co | Animal ration |
NO153084C (no) * | 1979-08-01 | 1986-01-15 | Quaker Oats Ltd | Fremgangsmaate for fremstilling av imiterte naeringsmiddelprodukter. |
BE886765A (fr) * | 1979-12-26 | 1981-06-19 | Lilly Co Eli | Compositions antibiotiques contenant un macrolide et un aminoheteroside |
US4436759A (en) | 1982-03-26 | 1984-03-13 | Caribou Fisheries, Inc. | Production of shaped food products |
IL64728A (en) | 1982-01-08 | 1985-05-31 | Trilling David M | Production of shaped food products |
US4643908A (en) * | 1984-06-19 | 1987-02-17 | Pacific Kenyon Corp. | Soft, moist pet food |
GB8813773D0 (en) * | 1988-06-10 | 1988-07-13 | Kelco Int Ltd | Alginate gels |
GB9019035D0 (en) | 1990-08-31 | 1990-10-17 | Mars Inc | Shelf-stable meat products and their preparation |
US5217740A (en) | 1991-08-13 | 1993-06-08 | Purina Mills, Inc. | High moisture ration |
JPH06276961A (ja) * | 1993-03-31 | 1994-10-04 | Snow Brand Milk Prod Co Ltd | アルギン酸ゲル構造体およびその製造方法 |
FR2711525B1 (fr) | 1993-10-29 | 1996-01-12 | Virbac Laboratoires | Forme Galénique à administration orale pour animaux, son procédé de préparation et ses applications. |
AU6691598A (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 1998-11-13 | Immudyne, Inc. | Gel delivery system for animal nutrition and health |
US20040096440A1 (en) * | 1998-12-11 | 2004-05-20 | Apc, Inc. | Water-soluble globulin concentrate for improving growth in animals |
JP2001008640A (ja) * | 1999-06-29 | 2001-01-16 | Kyodo Shiryo Kk | ゲル状配合飼料及びその給与方法 |
NO309673B1 (no) * | 1999-07-05 | 2001-03-12 | Norsk Hydro As | Gelert fôrprodukt, middel for å lage produktet og fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av nevnte produkt |
US6685978B1 (en) | 2000-04-04 | 2004-02-03 | Cp Kelco Aps | Gelled and gellable compositions for food products |
US6716470B2 (en) * | 2000-08-17 | 2004-04-06 | Purina Mills, Inc. | Method and apparatus for making an animal feed gel using a cooled pipe |
FR2821245B1 (fr) | 2001-02-23 | 2004-12-17 | Protial Sa | Procede et composition de liaison pour la construction de produits alimentaires et produits restructures obtenus |
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GB0208999D0 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2002-05-29 | Isp Alginates Uk Ltd | Process, equipment and products |
EP1909594B1 (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2015-04-08 | PMI Nutrition International, LLC | Gel based livestock feed, method of manufacture and use |
-
2005
- 2005-07-14 EP EP05772094.8A patent/EP1909594B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-07-14 EP EP15150018.8A patent/EP2921059A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-07-14 CA CA2614904A patent/CA2614904C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-14 JP JP2008521365A patent/JP5530631B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-14 WO PCT/US2005/024968 patent/WO2007011330A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-07-14 EP EP19173397.1A patent/EP3542640A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-07-14 EP EP16162085.1A patent/EP3056093A3/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-07-14 DK DK05772094.8T patent/DK1909594T3/en active
- 2005-07-14 ES ES05772094.8T patent/ES2537076T3/es active Active
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Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3056093A3 (en) | 2016-09-21 |
JP2009501023A (ja) | 2009-01-15 |
EP2921059A1 (en) | 2015-09-23 |
CA2614904A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
EP3056093A2 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
ES2537076T3 (es) | 2015-06-02 |
EP3542640A1 (en) | 2019-09-25 |
DK1909594T3 (en) | 2015-05-26 |
EP1909594A1 (en) | 2008-04-16 |
CA2614904C (en) | 2012-09-11 |
EP1909594B1 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
WO2007011330A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
EP1909594A4 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
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