JP5504762B2 - 帯電部材、プロセスカートリッジおよび画像形成装置 - Google Patents
帯電部材、プロセスカートリッジおよび画像形成装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5504762B2 JP5504762B2 JP2009202071A JP2009202071A JP5504762B2 JP 5504762 B2 JP5504762 B2 JP 5504762B2 JP 2009202071 A JP2009202071 A JP 2009202071A JP 2009202071 A JP2009202071 A JP 2009202071A JP 5504762 B2 JP5504762 B2 JP 5504762B2
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- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-O hydron;octadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003049 isoprene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- WYRJQOPVEMCABI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetrakis(prop-2-enyl)butane-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C=CCN(CC=C)CCCCN(CC=C)CC=C WYRJQOPVEMCABI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXXWBTOATXBWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCCCCN(C)C TXXWBTOATXBWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMQSHEKGGUOYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetramethylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN(C)C DMQSHEKGGUOYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIAIBWNEUYXDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dihexylhexan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCN(CCCCCC)CCCCCC DIAIBWNEUYXDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYQYCASVINMDFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-ditert-butyl-2-methylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C CYQYCASVINMDFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBYVIBDTOCAXSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butan-2-ylbutan-2-amine Chemical compound CCC(C)NC(C)CC OBYVIBDTOCAXSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXSXRABJBXYMFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexylhexan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCNCCCCCC PXSXRABJBXYMFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIWRFSMVIUAEBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-1-phenylmethanamine Chemical compound CNCC1=CC=CC=C1 RIWRFSMVIUAEBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGESLFUSXZBFQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-n-prop-2-enylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound C=CCN(C)CC=C WGESLFUSXZBFQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYUWTXWIYMHBQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-prop-2-enylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound C=CCNCC=C DYUWTXWIYMHBQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CATWEXRJGNBIJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butyl-2-methylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C CATWEXRJGNBIJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-O octylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[NH3+] IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017059 organic montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WMHSAFDEIXKKMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony;oxotin Chemical compound [Sn]=O.[Sb]=O WMHSAFDEIXKKMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVJSUAQZOZWCKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol Chemical class OCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 BVJSUAQZOZWCKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940044654 phenolsulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKGVLWUCRGFFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine;trifluoroborane Chemical compound FB(F)F.C1=CC=NC=C1 DKGVLWUCRGFFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002296 pyrolytic carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BHRZNVHARXXAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylamine Chemical compound CCC(C)N BHRZNVHARXXAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009291 secondary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007962 solid dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFYHSKONPJXCDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sym-collidine Natural products CC1=CN=C(C)C(C)=C1 GFYHSKONPJXCDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- VPYJNCGUESNPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triallylamine Chemical compound C=CCN(CC=C)CC=C VPYJNCGUESNPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH](OCC)OCC QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAGMGMRSURYROS-UHFFFAOYSA-M trihexadecyl(methyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FAGMGMRSURYROS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C(C)C)C(C)C RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O trioctylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[NH+](CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UIYCHXAGWOYNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl sulfide Chemical class C=CSC=C UIYCHXAGWOYNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002256 xylenyl group Chemical class C1(C(C=CC=C1)C)(C)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
- Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
図1は、本実施形態に係る帯電部材を示す概略斜視図である。図2は、本実施形態に係
る帯電部材の概略断面図である。なお、図2は、図1のA−A断面図である。
本実施形態における導電性最外層32(本実施形態の帯電部材)は、(A)ポリアミド系樹脂及び(B)有機化処理された層状無機化合物の板状体を含有する最外層とを少なくとも備える。
<ポリアミド系樹脂>
本実施の形態の半導電性樹脂組成物を構成するポリアミド系樹脂は、アミド基を有する樹脂であれば特に制限無く用いることができる。
本発明の半導電性樹脂組成物を構成するアミド系樹脂は、有機化処理された層状無機化合物を含有している。
層状構造を有する上記構造体は、多数のシート状構造体がイオン物質を介在して積層されているので、通常の処理では、層状構造を消失させて、各薄片状フィラーを剥離することは困難である。
層状構造を有する上記構造体の有機化剤による有機化処理の方法としては、例えば、第1段階として、層状構造を有する上記構造体を水中に分散させる。その固体分散濃度は通常1質量%から15質量%が望ましいが、層状構造を有する上記構造体が十分分散可能な濃度の範囲なら自由に設定することが出来る。次にこの懸濁液に、前述した有機化剤を含む溶液(例えば、アンモニウムイオンを含む溶液)を添加混合するか、又は逆に有機化剤を含む溶液(例えば、アンモニウムイオンを含む溶液)に、層状構造を有する上記構造体の懸濁液を添加混合する。反応は室温で十分進行するが、加温しても良い。加温の最高温度は用いる有機化剤(例えばアンモニウムイオン)の分解温度以下であれば、任意に設定可能である。
アミド系樹脂100質量部に対する薄片状フィラーの含有量が0.1質量部未満であると、補強効果不十分であり、含有量が5.0質量部より多いと、強度向上に対して逆効果(可とう性低下)である。
本実施形態に係る導電性最外層の硬化を促進するために、触媒を使用してもよい。硬化触媒として酸系の触媒を好ましく用いられる。
(式):ゲル分率=100×(抽出後の質量)/(溶剤抽出前の質量)
算出した架橋度が50%以上となっていると導電性最外層中のポリマーの架橋密度が向上しており、耐クラック性が良好な膜であると判断される。測定サンプルは、帯電部材から最外層部分だけを切り出して測定してもよい。
以下、本実施形態に係る帯電装置について説明する。図3は、本実施形態に係る帯電装
置の概略斜視図である。本実施形態に係る帯電装置は、帯電部材として、上記本実施形態
に係る帯電部材を適用した形態である。
本実施形態に係る画像形成装置は、像保持体と、前記像保持体を帯電する帯電手段と、帯電した前記像保持体の表面に潜像を形成する潜像形成手段と、前記像保持体の表面に形成された潜像をトナーにより現像してトナー像を形成する現像手段と、前記像保持体の表面に形成されたトナー像を記録媒体に転写する転写手段と、を備える。そして、帯電手段(帯電装置)として、上記本実施形態に係る帯電装置を適用する。
先ず、ホーニング処理を施した外径Φ84mmの円筒状アルミニウム基材を準備した。次に、ジルコニウム化合物(商品名:オルガチックスZC540、マツモト製薬社製)を100質量部、シラン化合物(商品名:A1100、日本ユニカー社製)を10質量部、イソプロパノールを400質量部、及びブタノールを200質量部を混合し、下引層形成用塗布液を得た。この塗布液をアルミニウム基材上に浸漬塗布し、150℃で10分間加熱乾燥し、0.1μmの下引層を形成した。
レゾール型フェノール樹脂(PL−2211、群栄化学製)を7質量部、及びメチルフェニルポリシロキサン0.03質量部を準備した。これをイソプロパノール15部及びメチルエチルケトン5質量部に溶解させ、保護層形成用塗布液を得た。この塗布液を浸漬コーティング法で感光体1上に塗布し、130℃で40分乾燥させ、膜厚3μmの保護層を形成した。得られた感光体を「感光体2」とした。
イノアックコーポレーション製ポリウレタンEP70を20mm×20mm×250mmの大きさにカットし、帯電部材用クリーニングパッドaとした。さらに、該クリーニングパッドaにSUS303により形成された外径φ5mm、長さ230mmの芯材を挿入し、ホットメルト接着剤で芯材とウレタンフォームにより形成されたクリーニングパッドaとを接着させた後、芯材両端からそれぞれ5mm位置までのクリーニングパッドaを切り落とし、弾性ロール素材を得た。研削処理し、外径φ9mmの帯電部材用クリーニングロールaを得た。
<導電性弾性ロールの作製>
−導電性弾性層の形成−
下記表に示した組成の混合物をオープンロールで混練りし、SUS303により形成された直径8mmの導電性支持体表面に接着層を介してプレス成形機を用いて直径15mmのロールを形成、その後研磨により直径14mmの導電性弾性ロールA、Bを得た。なお、下記配合量は「質量部」である。
有機化処理された雲母、スメクタイトは特開平2005−104757号公報に記載されている方法、あるいは、それと類似した方法で作製できる。また、有機化処理した雲母、スメクタイトは市販品を使用することも出来る。
合成雲母の作製:
ボールミルにより平均粒径が2μmになるように粉砕したタルク13.5gと、その平均粒径が同じく2μmであるケイフッ化ナトリウム2.5gを2分間混合し磁性ルツボに入れ、電気炉中800℃で2時間保持して、膨潤性雲母15.0gを合成した。
塩化トリヘキサデシルメチルアンモニウム(アクゾノーベル株式会社製:商品名アーカード316)0.1モルを熱水500mlに溶解した。この溶液の全量を、合成した合成雲母100gを水5Lに分散させた分散液に添加し、撹拌しながら70℃で1時間反応させて有機粘土複合体を生成させた。その後、反応液を濾過し、有機粘土複合体を分離した。更に有機粘土複合体を水に分散して濾過する操作を行って副生イオンを除去した。こ
の有機粘土複合体を70℃で乾燥後、粉砕し、有機粘土複合体1を得た。
実施例1で使用した有機化処理した合成雲母の代わりに市販有機化スメクタイト(ルーセンタイトSPN、コープケミカル社製)を用いた。
実施例1で使用した有機化処理した合成雲母の代わりに市販有機化モンモリロナイト(クニミネ社製)を用いた。
−導電性最外層の形成−
下記組成の混合物をメタノールで希釈し、ビーズミルにて分散し得られた分散液を、前記導電性弾性ロールAの表面に浸漬塗布した後、180℃で30分間加熱乾燥し、厚さ7μmの表面層を形成し、実施例1の帯電部材(帯電ロール1)を得た。これを、前記感光体1を組み込んだ画像形成装置に組み込み、画像形成装置を得た。
−組成−
・(A)樹脂 110質量部
(N−メトキシメチル化ナイロン1:100質量部:F30K、ナガセケムテックス社製)
(ポリビニルブチラール樹脂:10質量部:BL−1、積水化学工業社製)
・(B)有機化処理された層状無機化合物(有機化処理されたマイカ) 1.1質量部
・(C)導電剤 17質量部
(カーボンブラック MONAHRCH1000、キャボット社製)
・(D)多孔質微粒子 33質量部
(ポリアミド多孔質微粒子;ORGASOL2001UDNAT1)
・(E)触媒 4.4質量部
(B)有機化処理された層状無機化合物として有機化処理されたスメクタイトを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電性最外層を形成し、導電性ロール2を得た。
(B)有機化処理された層状無機化合物として有機化処理されたモンモリロナイトを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電性最外層を形成し、導電性ロール3を得た。
(B)有機化処理されたマイカの配合量を3.3部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電性最外層を形成し、導電性ロール4を得た。
実施例1で得た導電性ロール1を、前記感光体1に換えて感光体2を組み込んだ画像形
成装置に組み込み、画像形成装置を得た。
導電性最外層を形成する導電性弾性ロールAを導電性弾性ロールBに換えた以外は、実
施例1と同様にして導電性最外層を形成し、導電性ロール6を得た。
実施例1で用いた有機化処理されたマイカの厚さと最大長が違う以外は同様の導電性最外層を形成し、導電性ロール7を得た。
実施例1で用いた有機化処理されたマイカの厚さと最大長が違う以外は同様の導電性最外層を形成し、導電性ロール7を得た。
各実施例および比較例で得られた帯電ロールについて、表面粗さ、帯電特性、耐久性及び画質を評価した。
帯電ロール表面の十点平均表面粗さRzを、JIS B0601(1994)に準拠して測定した。具体的には、23℃・55RH%の環境下において、接触式表面粗さ測定装置(サーフコム570A、東京精密社製)を用いて測定した。表面粗さの測定に際しては、測定距離を2.5mmとし、接触針としてはその先端がダイヤモンド(5μmR、90°円錐)のものを用い、場所を変えて3回繰り返し測定した際の平均値を十点平均表面粗さRzとして求めた。
帯電ロールをDocuCentre Color400CP(富士ゼロックス社製)のドラムカートリッジに装着し、A4用紙50,000枚印字テスト(10℃、15%RH環境下で50,000枚)を行った後に、DocuCentre Color400CPで50%ハーフトーン画像を印刷し、得られた画像を目視で観察し、以下の基準で判定した。
A:画像乱れが全く無い
B:画像の乱れはあるが極軽微で全く問題ない
C:若干の画像の乱れはあるが問題ない
D:画像の乱れ部分がある
E:大部分に画像の乱れが発生
帯電ロールをDocuCentre Color400CP(富士ゼロックス社製)のドラムカートリッジに装着し、28℃、85%RH環境下で3日間放置したのちA4用紙10枚印字テストを行った後に、DocuCentre Color400CPで50%ハーフトーン画像を印刷し、得られた画像のうち感光体と帯電部材との接触部分の画像を目視で観察し、帯電部材の弾性層由来のブリードによる画像欠陥の有無を以下の基準で判定した。
A:画像乱れが全く無い
B:画像の乱れはあるが極軽微で全く問題ない
C:若干の画像の乱れはあるが問題ない
D:画像の乱れ部分がある
E:大部分に画像の乱れが発生
Claims (6)
- 基材と、
前記基材上に設けられ、被帯電体に接触し、且つ、(A)主成分がポリアミド樹脂、ポリアミドイミド樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂の群から選択される少なくとも一種であるポリアミド系樹脂及び(B)有機化処理された層状無機化合物の板状体を含有する最外層とを少なくとも備え、
電圧が印加された状態で前記被帯電体に接触することにより前記被帯電体を帯電させることを特徴とする帯電部材。 - 前記(B)有機化処理された層状無機化合物の厚みが1nm以上、1μm以下であり、且つ(B)有機化処理された層状無機化合物の最大長が10nm以上、10μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の帯電部材。
- 前記基材と最外層の間に、合成ゴムからなる弾性層を有することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の帯電部材。
- 前記弾性層中にイオン導電剤を含有することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の帯電部材。
- 像保持体を帯電させる帯電手段、および、
像保持体と、
帯電した前記像保持体を露光して前記像保持体上に静電潜像を形成させる露光手段と、
静電荷像現像用現像剤により前記静電潜像を現像してトナー像を形成させる現像手段と、
前記トナー像を前記像保持体から被転写体に転写する転写手段と、
前記像保持体の表面に残存したトナーを除去するためのクリーニング手段とからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種、
を含み、
前記帯電手段に用いる帯電部材が請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の帯電部材であることを特徴とするプロセスカートリッジ。 - 潜像担持体上に潜像を形成する潜像形成手段と、前記潜像を静電荷像現像用現像剤を用いて現像する現像手段と、現像されたトナー画像を中間転写体を介してまたは介さずに被転写体上に転写する転写手段と、前記被転写体上のトナー画像を定着する定着手段と、を含む画像形成装置であり、
前記潜像形成手段に用いる帯電部材が請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の帯電部材であることを特徴とする画像形成装置。
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