JP5498497B2 - (1S,2R)−3−[[(4−アミノフェニル)スルホニル](イソブチル)アミノ]−1−ベンジル−2−ヒドロキシプロピルカルバミン酸(3R,3aS,6aR)−ヘキサヒドロフロ[2,3−b]フラン−3−イルの製造方法 - Google Patents
(1S,2R)−3−[[(4−アミノフェニル)スルホニル](イソブチル)アミノ]−1−ベンジル−2−ヒドロキシプロピルカルバミン酸(3R,3aS,6aR)−ヘキサヒドロフロ[2,3−b]フラン−3−イルの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5498497B2 JP5498497B2 JP2011524412A JP2011524412A JP5498497B2 JP 5498497 B2 JP5498497 B2 JP 5498497B2 JP 2011524412 A JP2011524412 A JP 2011524412A JP 2011524412 A JP2011524412 A JP 2011524412A JP 5498497 B2 JP5498497 B2 JP 5498497B2
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- hexahydrofuro
- benzyl
- furan
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 125000003682 3-furyl group Chemical group O1C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 title description 3
- AHDUVPQPGGNRDS-VQTJNVASSA-N [(2s,3r)-4-[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl-(2-methylpropyl)amino]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-yl]carbamic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H]([C@H](O)CN(CC(C)C)S(=O)(=O)C=1C=CC(N)=CC=1)NC(O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 AHDUVPQPGGNRDS-VQTJNVASSA-N 0.000 title description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 139
- -1 p-nitrophenylsulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 100
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 38
- CJBJHOAVZSMMDJ-HEXNFIEUSA-N darunavir Chemical compound C([C@@H]([C@H](O)CN(CC(C)C)S(=O)(=O)C=1C=CC(N)=CC=1)NC(=O)O[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CCO[C@@H]2OC1)C1=CC=CC=C1 CJBJHOAVZSMMDJ-HEXNFIEUSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229960005107 darunavir Drugs 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 11
- JQUNFHFWXCXPRK-AMMMHQJVSA-N [(3as,4r,6ar)-2,3,3a,4,5,6a-hexahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-4-yl] n-[(2s,3r)-4-[[2-[(1-cyclopentylpiperidin-4-yl)amino]-1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl]sulfonyl-(2-methylpropyl)amino]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-yl]carbamate Chemical group C([C@@H]([C@H](O)CN(CC(C)C)S(=O)(=O)C=1C=C2SC(NC3CCN(CC3)C3CCCC3)=NC2=CC=1)NC(=O)O[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CCO[C@@H]2OC1)C1=CC=CC=C1 JQUNFHFWXCXPRK-AMMMHQJVSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZELJLECFTLYULH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-benzyl-2-methylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CNCC1=CC=CC=C1 ZELJLECFTLYULH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- HHFAWKCIHAUFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxide Chemical compound CC[O-] HHFAWKCIHAUFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000004030 hiv protease inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 12
- RCDXYCHYMULCDZ-HCWXCVPCSA-N (3as,4r,6ar)-2,3,3a,4,5,6a-hexahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-4-ol Chemical compound O1CC[C@H]2[C@@H](O)CO[C@H]21 RCDXYCHYMULCDZ-HCWXCVPCSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 11
- KDSNLYIMUZNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropanamine Chemical compound CC(C)CN KDSNLYIMUZNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PFYXSUNOLOJMDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) carbonate Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1OC(=O)ON1C(=O)CCC1=O PFYXSUNOLOJMDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000725303 Human immunodeficiency virus Species 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940122440 HIV protease inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001177 retroviral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 0 *c1ccccc1 Chemical compound *c1ccccc1 0.000 description 4
- GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10-octahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine Chemical compound C1CCCCN2CCCN=C21 GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
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- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003461 sulfonyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005270 trialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AQRLNPVMDITEJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylsilane Chemical compound CC[SiH](CC)CC AQRLNPVMDITEJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004044 trifluoroacetyl group Chemical group FC(C(=O)*)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilane Chemical compound C[SiH](C)C PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- UCPYLLCMEDAXFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)OC(=O)OC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UCPYLLCMEDAXFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010464 virion assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D493/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
- C07D493/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D493/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
- A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Landscapes
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- AIDS & HIV (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Furan Compounds (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Description
本発明は、(1S,2R)−3−[[(4−アミノフェニル)スルホニル](イソブチル)アミノ]−1−ベンジル−2−ヒドロキシプロピルカルバミン酸(3R,3aS,6aR)−ヘキサヒドロフロ[2,3−b]フラン−3−イルの製造方法ならびに該方法において用いるための新規な中間体に関し、その方法は工業的大規模化に従順(amenable)である。
後天性免疫不全症候群(AIDS)を引き起こすウイルスは、T−リンパ球ウイルスIII(HTLV−III)又はリンパ節症−関連ウイルス(LAV)又はAIDS−関連ウイルス(ARV)又はヒト免疫不全ウイルス(HIV)を含む種々の名前により知られている。今日までに2つの異なるファミリー(family)、すなわちHIV−1及びHIV−2が同定されている。下記では、これらのウイルスを総称的に示すためにHIVを用いる。
S,6aR)−ヘキサヒドロフロ[2,3−b]フラン−3−イル及び式(A):
本発明は、式(A)のダルナビルあるいはその溶媒和物、付加塩又は多形相もしくは擬似多形相の製造方法に関し:
(i)式(1):
の化合物を、N−ベンジル−イソブチルアミン、すなわち式(2):
(ii)式(3)の化合物を処理してPG保護基を除去して式(4):
(iii)式(4)の化合物を(3R,3aS,6aR)−ヘキサヒドロフロ[2,3−b]フラン−3−イル誘導体とカップリングさせて式(5):
(iv)式(5)の化合物からN−ベンジル基を除去して式(6):
(v)式(6)の化合物中にp−ニトロフェニルスルホニル基を導入して式(7):
(vi)式(7)の化合物のニトロ基を還元してダルナビルあるいはその溶媒和物、付加塩又は多形相もしくは擬似多形相を形成する
ことを含んでなる。
式(1)の化合物は、
である。
−アミルオキシカルボニル、tert−ブトキシカルボニル、3,4−ジメトキシベンジルオキシカルボニル、4−(フェニルアゾ)ベンジルオキシカルボニル、2−フルフリルオキシ−カルボニル、ジフェニルメトキシカルボニル、1,1−ジメチルプロポキシカルボニル、フタリル又はフタルイミド、スクシニル、アラニル、ロイシル及び8−キノリルオキシカルボニル、ベンジル、ジフェニル−メチル、2−ニトロフェニルチオ、2,4−ジニトロフェニルチオ、メタンスルホニル、パラトルエン−スルホニル、N,N−ジメチルアミノメチレン、ベンジリデン、2−ヒドロキシベンジリデン、2−ヒドロキシ−5−クロロベンジリデン、2−ヒドロキシ−1−ナフチルメチレン、3−ヒドロキシ−4−ピリジルメチレン、シクロヘキシリデン、2−エトキシカルボニルシクロヘキシリデン、2−エトキシ−カルボニルシクロペンチリデン、2−アセチルシクロヘキシリデン、3,3−ジメチル−5−オキシシクロヘキシリデン、ジフェニルホスホリル、ジベンジルホスホリル、5−メチル−2−オキソ−2H−1,3−ジオキソール−4−イル−メチル、トリメチルシリル、トリエチルシリル、トリフェニルシリル、2−(p−ビフェニル)−1−メチルエトキシカルボニル、ジイソプロピルメトキシカルボニル、シクロペンチルオキシカルボニル、アダマンチルオキシカルボニル、トリフェニルメチル、トリメチルシラン、フェニルチオカルボニル、パラニトロベンジルカルボニルが含まれる。
Groups in Organic Synthesis,2nd ed.,John Wiley and Sons,New York,Chapter 7,1991;M.Bodanzsky,Principles of Peptide Synthesis,1st and 2nd revised ed.,Springer−Verlag New York,1984及び1993;Stewart and Young,Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis,2nd ed.
,Pierce Chemical Co,Rockford,IL 1984;L.Fieser and M.Fieser,Fieser and Fieser’s Reagents for Organic Synthesis,John Wiley
and Sons(1994);L.Paquette,ed.Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis,John Wiely and Sons(1995)により記載されている。適したアミノ保護基は、国際公開第98/07685号パンフレットにも示されている。
al.,3 Synth.Comm.177(1973)に記載されており、それらは引用することによりその記載事項が本明細書の内容となる。
好ましくは60℃〜90℃で反応を行う。
(a1)メタノール、エタノール、テトラヒドロフラン、ジェルエーテル、トルエン、ベンゼン、ジクロロメタンのような溶媒あるいはメタノール/ジクロロメタン、ベンゼン/エタノールのような溶媒混合物中で、室温と還流温度の間の温度において硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸マグネシウム又はトリエチルアミンを用いて;
(a2)エタノール、メタノール、イソプロパノール、水のような溶媒あるいはエタノール/水のような溶媒混合物中で、室温と還流温度の間の温度において水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム又は水酸化リチウムを用いて;
(a3)メタノール中で、室温と還流温度の間の温度において炭酸カリウム又は炭酸ナトリウムを用いて;
(a4)ジクロロメタン中で室温においてモレキュラーシーブを用い、塩化アンモニウム塩として存在するアミンを用いて(Synthetic Communications,33:24,4331−4338);
(a5)ジクロロメタン中で室温において塩化チタン、トリエチルアミン及び硫酸ナトリウム無水物を用い、塩化アンモニウム塩として存在するアミンを用いて(Synthetic Communications,33:24,4331−4338);
(a6)メタノール中で、室温と55〜60℃の間の温度においてナトリウムメタノラート又はリチウムメタノラートを用いて;
(a7)メタノール又はエタノール中で、室温と還流温度の間の温度において、酢酸ナトリウムを用いて;
(a8)溶媒として、及び水の除去のためにオルトギ酸メチルを用いて;
(a9)トルエン又はキシレン中でp−トルエン−スルホン酸を用い、共沸蒸留により水を除去して;
(a10)溶媒としてトルエン又はキシレンを用い、共沸蒸留により水を除去して;
(a11)溶媒としてメタノール、エタノール又はジクロロメタンを用い、室温と還流温度の間の温度において;
(a12)水/エタノール、水/メタノール、メタノール/ジクロロメタン又はエタノー
ル/ジクロロメタンを含んでなる溶媒混合物を用い、室温と還流温度の間の温度において;あるいは
(a13)メタノール溶媒中でナトリウムを用いて
行うことができる。
(b1)メタノール、エタノール、イソプロパノール、テトラヒドロフラン、ジエチルエーテル又はアセトニトリル水溶液のような溶媒中で、例えば酢酸、トリフルオロ酢酸又は塩酸のような酸の存在下に、ナトリウムボロハイドライド(必要なら四塩化ジルコニウム、塩化セリウム、四塩化チタン、塩化ニッケル、塩化パラジウム又はテトライソプロポキシチタンと組み合わせて)、リチウムボロハイドライド、カリウムボロハイドライド、リチウムアルミニウムボロハイドライド、亜鉛ボロハイドライド、アルキルボロハイドライド、ナトリウムボロハイドライドアセテート、ナトリウムボロハイドライドトリアセテート、ナトリウムシアノボロハイドライド、リチウムシアノボロハイドライド又はボランを用いて;
(b2)メタノール、エタノール、イソプロパノール又はテトラヒドロフランを含んでなる溶媒中で、水素及びPd/C、RaNi、Pt/C又はPtO2を含んでなる触媒を用いて;
(b3)酸媒体中で亜鉛を用いて;あるいはテトラヒドロフランを含んでなる溶媒中で亜鉛/CeCl3又はCeCl3.7H2Oを用いて;
(b4)ギ酸を用いて;
(b5)テトラヒドロフランを含んでなる溶媒中でN−ジブチル錫クロリドハイドライド−ヘキサメチルホスホルアミド(HMPA)錯体を用いて(JOC 1998,63,383−385);
(b6)エタノール中でナトリウムを用いて;
(b7)N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド中でナトリウムシアノボロハイドライド及び酢酸を用いて(JOC 2006,71(4),1322−1329);
(b8)テトラヒドロフラン又はジクロロメタンを含んでなる溶媒中で室温において、n−テトラブチルアンモニウムボロハイドライドを用いて(Tetrahedron Letters 42(2001)719−721);
(b9)メタノール又はベンゼンを含んでなる溶媒中でロジウム、イリジウムもしくはルテニウム−キラルホスフィン(例えばBINAP=2,2−ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)−1,1’−ビナフチル)錯体及び水素化を用いて;
(b10)ベンゼン溶媒中で室温において、Red−Al(ビス(2−メトキシエトキシ)アルミニウムハイドライド)又はDIBAL(ジイソブチルアルミニウムハイドライド)を用いて;
(b11)ジクロロメタン溶媒中でアミン−ボラン及び酢酸を用いて;
(b12)ジエチルエーテル/メタノールを含んでなる溶媒混合物中でナトリウムシアノボロハイドライド及び塩化亜鉛を用いて;
(b13)トリフルオロ酢酸の存在下でトリエチルシリルハイドライド又はジメチルフェニルシリルハイドライドを用いて;あるいは
(b14)電子伝達体としてのナフタレン又はDTBB(4,4’−ビス(1,1−ジメチルエチル)−1,1’−ビフェニルの存在下で塩化ニッケル−リチウム−(例えばポリマー担持)アレン触媒を用いて(Chemical Society Reviews,2004,33,284−293)
還元し、式(2)の化合物を形成することができる。
t−ブチルジメチルシリル(TBS)、トリメチルシリルエトキシメチル(SEM)、アルコキシアルキル基、例えばメトキシエトキシメチル(MEM)、メトキシメチル(MOM)、テトラヒドロピラニル(THP)、テトラヒドロピラニル(THE)などで保護されている化合物である。(3R,3aS,6aR)−ヘキサヒドロフロ[2,3−b]フラン−3−オールの前駆体が用いられる場合、カップリングの前か又はその場で脱保護を行うことができる。酸性又は塩基性条件においてアルコール保護基の除去を達成することができ、酸性条件が好ましい。保護基は当該技術分野において周知であり、例えばGreene,T.W.Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis,John Wiley and Sons,Inc.New York,1991を参照されたい。
場合によりトリエチルアミンのような塩基を用いて行われるであろうが、本明細書上記で開示した溶媒及び塩基からの別の組み合わせも具体化される。
(c1)Pd/C又はPd(OH)2触媒の存在下に、場合によりギ酸、酢酸又は塩酸のような酸の存在下に、場合により炭酸カリウム又はヒドラジン水和物のような塩基の存在下に、場合によりリン酸水素ナトリウム又はアンモニウムホルムアミドの存在下に、メタノール、エタノール、テトラヒドロフラン、シクロヘキセン又はシクロヘキサジエンを含んでなる溶媒中で、室温又は高められた温度において、且つ場合により大気圧又は過圧下で水素を用いて;
(c2)ナトリウム及びアンモニアを用いて;
(c3)tert−ブタノール又はテトラヒドロフランのような溶媒中でリチウム及び塩基、例えばエチルアミン、ビスメチルアミン又はトリエチルアミンを用いて;あるいは
(c4)室温においてポリメチルヒドロシロキサン、Pd(OH)2及びエタノール溶媒を用いて
N−ベンジル保護基の除去を行うことができる。
有機塩基には、例えばアルカリ土類金属の水素化物、水酸化物、アミド、アルコラート、酢酸塩、炭酸塩又は炭酸水素塩あるいはアルカリ金属水素化物、例えば水素化ナトリウム、水素化カリウム又は水素化カルシウム及び金属アミド、例えばナトリウムアミド、カリウムアミド、リチウムジイソプロピルアミド又はカリウムヘキサメチルジシラジドならびに金属アルカン、例えばナトリウムメチレート、ナトリウムエチレート、カリウムtert−ブチレート、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化アンモニウム、酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウム、酢酸カルシウム、酢酸アンモニウム、炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、重炭酸カリウム、炭酸セシウム、炭酸水素カリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム又は炭酸アンモニウムならびにまた塩基性有機窒素化合物、例えばトリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、トリブチルアミンのようなトリアルキルアミン、N,N−ジメチルアニリン、N,N−ジメチル−ベンジルアミン、N,N−ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、ピリジン、1,4−ジアザビシクロ−[2.2.2]−オクタン(DABCO)、1,5−ジアザビシクロ[4.3.0]−ノネ−5−エン(DBN)又は1,8−ジアザ−ビシクロ[5.4.0]−ウンデセ−7−エン(DBU)が含まれるか、あるいは過剰の適したピペリジン化合物を用いることができる。好ましくは、トリエチルアミンが用いられる。
溶媒を用いることもできる。
媒分子と錯体化したダルナビル及びその塩の分子から成るアグリゲート(aggregates)を指す。
ガスクロマトグラフィー:
カラム:Agilent HP−1 30mx320umx0.25um
キャリヤー:窒素,1.1ml/分
インジェクター温度:200℃
スプリット比 80:1
検出器温度:250℃
H2:30ml/分
Ai:400ml/分
N2:30ml/分
カラム温度:開始時(Start) 40℃
開始温度:4分
速度:10℃/分
末端(End):200℃
末端温度:5分
高圧液体クロマトグラフィー:
カラム:ZORBAX Eclipse XDB−C18 4.6x250mm,5μm;
速度:1.0mL/分(特定する場合を除く);
カラム温度:30℃
UV:210nm(特定する場合を除く);
移動相及び溶媒は、各化合物に関して特定される。
LC面積により99.6%,移動相:MeCN/15ミリモル/L KH2PO4 0.1%W/V TEA(80/20);保持時間:12.550分)として得た。生成物を分析し、以下の結果を得た。
元素分析:
C:理論値72.30% 測定値73.20%;H:理論値8.98% 測定値9.20%;N:理論値6.57% 測定値6.57%。
分析のために、化合物をジュウテリウム化クロロホルム中に溶解した。
Bruker 5mm CPDUL 1H/2H−13C Z−GRD高分解能プローブ及びラニング(running)TOPSPIN 2.0ソフトウェアが備えられたBruker AVANCE−400MHz NMR分光計を用いて、1−次元(dimentional)プロトン及び炭素を集めた。
得られた1H及び13C NMRスペクトル及び以下の結果は生成物に関する共有結合構造(covalent structure)と一致する。
高分解能質量分析は、Q−Tof−2測定器上で、高性能液体クロマトグラフィーエレクトロスプレーイオン化質量分析器(HPLC−ESI−MS)を用いて行われた。HPLC−ESI−MSにより生成物の分子量が確定され、それはさらに正確な質量測定により支持された。分子量は、m/z 427.3(M+H)+において強いシグナルを示すESI質量スペクトルから明らかであった。正確な質量測定(427.2961)と計算される質量の間の差は0.1ppmである。
MS(ESI)m/z 427.3(M+H)+
MS/MS(ESI)m/z 427.3(M+H)+,m/z 371.2(第3級ブチルの喪失),m/z 327.2(BOCの喪失),m/z 292.2,m/z 254.1,m/z 208.1,m/z 176.1,m/z 164.1,m/z 91.1。
Claims (14)
- (i)式(1):
の化合物を、N−ベンジル−イソブチルアミン、すなわち式(2):
(ii)式(3)の化合物を処理してPG保護基を除去して式(4):
(iii)式(4)の化合物を(3R,3aS,6aR)−ヘキサヒドロフロ[2,3−b]フラン−3−イル誘導体とカップリングさせて式(5):
(iv)式(5)の化合物からN−ベンジル基を除去して式(6):
(v)式(6)の化合物中にp−ニトロフェニルスルホニル基を導入して式(7):
(vi)式(7)の化合物のニトロ基を還元してダルナビルあるいはその溶媒和物、付加塩又は多形相もしくは擬似多形相を形成する
ことを含んでなる式(A)のダルナビルあるいはその溶媒和物、付加塩又は多形相もしくは擬似多形相の製造方法。
- ダルナビルをそのエタノラート溶媒和物の形態で得る請求項1に記載の方法。
- 式(3’)の化合物を続いて脱保護して式(4)の化合物を得る請求項3に記載の方法。
- 式(3)の化合物を酸加水分解により処理して保護基を除去する請求項5又は請求項6に記載の方法。
- N−ベンジル基の除去を、式(5)の化合物の接触還元により行う請求項10に記載の方法。
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