JP5492450B2 - 外科用器具のためのナイフ/発射ロッド接続 - Google Patents

外科用器具のためのナイフ/発射ロッド接続 Download PDF

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JP5492450B2
JP5492450B2 JP2009117024A JP2009117024A JP5492450B2 JP 5492450 B2 JP5492450 B2 JP 5492450B2 JP 2009117024 A JP2009117024 A JP 2009117024A JP 2009117024 A JP2009117024 A JP 2009117024A JP 5492450 B2 JP5492450 B2 JP 5492450B2
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knife
firing rod
surgical instrument
distal
connector
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サー サーシン
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コヴィディエン リミテッド パートナーシップ
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00477Coupling
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/08Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2090/0814Preventing re-use

Description

(背景)
(技術分野)
本開示は、開いた位置と閉じた位置との間を動かすことが可能な顎部を有する外科用器具に関し、より具体的には、ナイフバーを有する外科用器具に関する。
(関連技術の背景)
組織が、最初に、向かい合う顎部構造の間で把持されるか、またはクランプ留めされ、次いで、外科用ファスナによって接合される外科用デバイスが当該分野で周知である。一部の器具においては、ファスナによって接合された組織を切断するためにナイフが提供される。ファスナは、典型的には、外科用ステープルの形式であるが、2つの部品のポリマー製ファスナもまた利用され得る。
この目的のための器具は、それぞれが組織を捕捉するか、またはクランプ留めするために用いられる2つの細長い部材を含み得る。典型的には、これらの部材の一方が、少なくとも2つの横方向の列に配列された複数のステープルを収容するステープルカートリッジを保持する一方で、もう一方の部材が、ステープルがステープルカートリッジから駆動されたときにステープル脚を形成する表面を規定するアンビルを有する。ステープリング動作は、ステープルカートリッジを通って長手方向に移動するカムバーによって実行され、そのとき、カムバーは、ステープルカートリッジからステープルを逐次的に排出するために、ステープルプッシャに作用する。
(概要)
本開示は、フレームと、細長い部分と、発射ロッドと、エンドエフェクタとを含む外科用器具に関する。細長い部分は、フレームから遠位に延び、長手方向軸を規定する。発射ロッドは、少なくとも部分的に細長い部分と共に配置され、かつ該細長い部分に対して近位に、そして遠位に平行移動する。エンドエフェクタは、ナイフを含み、細長い部分の遠位部分に配置される。発射ロッドの遠位の動きは、発射ロッドの遠位部分を、ナイフと連結させる。発射ロッドの近位方向の動きは、連結されたナイフを第一の所定の位置まで近位に動かす。ナイフは、発射ロッドが第二の所定の位置まで近位に平行移動されたときに、発射ロッドから連結解除される。
本開示はまた、フレームと、細長い部分と、発射ロッドと、コネクタと、エンドエフェクタとを含む外科用器具に関する。細長い部分はフレームから遠位に延び、長手方向軸を規定する。発射ロッドは、少なくとも部分的に細長い部分の内部に配置され、かつ細長い部分に対して平行移動可能である。コネクタは、発射ロッドの遠位部分に隣接して配置される。エンドエフェクタは、細長い部分の遠位端に配列される。エンドエフェクタは、第一の顎部材と第二の顎部材とを含む。顎部材は、開いた位置と接近した位置との間で、互いに対して移動可能である。エンドエフェクタは、ナイフを有する第一の顎部材カートリッジを含む。コネクタは、ナイフと係合可能である。コネクタは、顎部材の接近の際にナイフと連結するように構成される。
例えば、本発明は以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
外科用器具であって、
フレームと、
該フレームから遠位に延び、かつ長手方向軸を規定する細長い部分と、
該細長い部分内に少なくとも部分的に配置され、かつ該細長い部分に対して平行移動可能な発射ロッドと、
該発射ロッドの遠位部分に隣接して配置されるコネクタと、
該細長い部分の遠位端に配置されるエンドエフェクタであって、該エンドエフェクタは、第一の顎部材と、第二の顎部材とを含み、該顎部材は、開いた位置と接近した位置との間で互いに対して移動可能であり、該第一の顎部材はナイフを有するカートリッジである、エンドエフェクタと
を備え、該コネクタは、該ナイフと係合可能であり、該コネクタは、該顎部材の接近の際にナイフと連結するように構成されている、外科用器具。
(項目2)
上記コネクタは、上記顎部材がそれらの開いた位置に向けて動かされるとき、上記細長い部分に対して旋回するように構成されている、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用器具。
(項目3)
上記コネクタは、実質的にJ形状である、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用器具。
(項目4)
上記発射ロッドの遠位方向の平行移動は、上記ナイフの遠位方向の平行移動を引き起こす、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用器具。
(項目5)
上記フレームと機械的に協働するように配置された可動ハンドルをさらに備え、該可動ハンドルの少なくとも部分的な作動が上記発射ロッドの平行移動をもたらす、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用器具。
本明細書に開示される外科用ステープリング装置の様々な実施形態が図面を参照して本明細書において開示される。
図1は、本開示の実施形態に従う、外科用器具の側面図を示す。 図2は、開いた位置におけるクランプハンドルを示す、図1の外科用器具のフレームの部分断面図を示す。 図3は、接近した位置におけるクランプハンドルを示す、図2のフレームの部分断面図を示す。 図4は、フレームの一部分が省略された、図2のフレームの部分断面図を示す。 図5は、本開示の一実施形態に従う、開いた位置における顎部材を示す、図1の外科用器具の遠位部分を示す。 図6は、図5に示された外科用器具の遠位部分の一部の拡大図を示す。 図7は、本開示の一実施形態に従う、接近した位置における顎部材を示す、図1の外科用器具の遠位部分を示す。 図8は、図7に示された外科用器具の遠位部分の一部の拡大図を示す。 図9は、本開示の一実施形態に従う、連結されていない位置におけるナイフの接続を示す、本開示の外科用器具の一実施形態の遠位部分の拡大された断面図を示す。 図10は、連結された位置における、図9のナイフの接続を示す。 図11は、本開示の一実施形態に従う、連結されていない位置におけるナイフの接続の断面図を示す。 図12は、連結された位置における、図11のナイフの接続を示す。 図13は、本開示の一実施形態に従う、連結されていない位置におけるナイフの接続の断面図を示す。 図14は、連結された位置における、図13のナイフの接続を示す。 図15は、本開示の一実施形態に従う、連結されていない位置におけるナイフの接続の上部断面図を示す。 図16は、連結された位置における、図15のナイフの接続を示す。 図17は、図16のナイフの接続の側面図を示す。 図18は、本開示の一実施形態に従う、カートリッジアセンブリの分解図を示す。 図19は、図18のカートリッジアセンブリの部分断面図を示す。
(実施形態の詳細な説明)
本明細書に開示された外科用器具の実施形態は、図面を参照して詳細に説明され、図面において、類似の番号は、いくつかの図面の各々における同一の要素または対応する要素を指定する。当該分野で一般的であるように、用語「近位」は、ユーザまたはオペレータ(例えば、外科医または内科医)により近い部分または構成要素をいい、一方で用語「遠位」は、ユーザから離れて遠い部分または構成要素をいう。
図1を参照すると、本開示の外科用器具100の実施形態が示される。本実施形態の外科用器具100は、フレーム110と、クランプハンドル120と、発射ハンドル130と、細長い部分140と、エンドエフェクタ150とを含む。細長い部分140は、外科用器具100の長手方向軸「X−X」を規定する。フレーム110は、手に保持されるために便利な全体のサイズおよび形状である。クランプハンドル120および発射ハンドル130は、共に、開いた位置と閉じる位置との間の作動のために、フレーム110に旋回可能に据え付けられる。
フレームと、クランプハンドルと、発射ハンドルとを含む、本開示の様々な局面の例は、共有に係る米国特許第5,318,221号に開示され、この特許の開示は、その全体が本明細書において参照により援用される。エンドエフェクタ150の作動を含む、本開示の特定の局面は、共有に係る、Millimanらに対する米国特許第6,953,139号に開示され、この特許の全内容は、本明細書において参照により援用される。
さらに詳細に以下に議論されるように、エンドエフェクタ150は、2つの顎部材、すなわち、アンビル160とカートリッジアセンブリ170とを含む。アンビル160とカートリッジアセンブリ170とは、細長い部分140の遠位部分から延びる。アンビル160とカートリッジアセンブリ170とのうちの少なくとも1つが、互いに対して旋回によって移動可能である。アンビル160は、その上にステープル形成凹部(示される実施形態には明示的には示されない)を有する組織接触表面を含む。カートリッジアセンブリ170は、その中に複数の外科用ファスナ(示される実施形態には明示的には示されない)を含み、これらの複数の外科用ファスナは、組織を通って、アンビル160に排出可能である。
交換可能なステープルカートリッジ(または装填ユニット)は、図1の外科用器具100と共に使用され得る。交換可能なステープルカートリッジは、少なくとも2つの横方向の列に配列された複数のステープルを収容し得、カートリッジアセンブリ170のカートリッジチャネル210に据え付け可能であり得る。外科用ステープリング器具と共に使用するための装填ユニットの例は、共有に係る、Bolanosらに対する米国特許第5,752,644号に開示され、この特許の全内容は、本明細書において参照により援用される。
駆動アセンブリ300の一部が図2〜図4に示される。この実施形態の駆動アセンブリ300は、駆動梁310を含む。クランプハンドル120の少なくとも部分的な作動は、アンビル160とカートリッジアセンブリ170とを互いに対して接近させるために、駆動梁310を長手方向に平行移動するように構成される。発射ハンドル130の少なくとも部分的な作動は、カートリッジアセンブリ170から外科用ファスナ(例えば、ステープル)を排出するために、そして/または組織を切断するために、発射ロッド320(さらに詳細に以下で議論される)を長手方向に平行移動するように構成されている。発射ロッド320は、細長い部分140に配列され、かつ以下に議論されるようにナイフ400に接続される。発射ロッド320は、駆動梁310と並んで、または駆動梁310と同心円状に配列される。
組織をクランプ留めするために、クランプハンドル120は、フレーム110に向かって、下方向に(図2の矢印「A」の方向に)旋回される。クランプハンドル120は、ハンドルリンク122に接続され、その結果、クランプハンドル120が閉じるように旋回されるとき、駆動梁310が長手方向に動く。この遠位の長手方向の動きは、駆動梁310の一部(例えば、I形状梁または作動部分330)を、アンビル160およびカートリッジアセンブリ170のうちの少なくとも一方を他方に向けて押す、エンドエフェクタ150のカム表面152と接触させる。クランプハンドル120および駆動梁310のさらなる詳細は、共有に係るGreenらに対する米国特許第5,318,221号に開示され、この開示の全内容が本明細書により、本明細書において参照により援用される。
外科医がファスナを据え付け、組織を切断する準備が出来たときに、発射ハンドル130が作動され、このことが発射ロッドを長手方向に(例えば、遠位に)平行移動させる。作動そりは、発射ロッド320の遠位端の遠位に位置し得、その結果、発射ロッド320の遠位の長手方向の動きが、作動そりを遠位方向に前進させる。作動後、発射ハンドル130が解放され、そして本来の位置に戻る。発射ファスナおよび発射ハンドル130の引き込みのさらなる詳細は、以前に参照により援用された、Greenらに対する米国特許第5,318,221号に開示される。
図2〜図4を続けて参照して、クランプハンドル120およびフレーム110の内部部品のさらなる詳細が、本開示の一実施形態に従って示される。ここで、ハンドルリンク122(例えば、モノリシックに形成されたリンク)の近位部分124は、クランプハンドル120(例えば、クランプハンドル120の近位部分)と旋回可能に係合され、ハンドルリンク122の遠位部分126は、駆動梁310の近位部分312と旋回可能に係合される。付勢部材180が示され(図4参照)、付勢部材180は、駆動梁310を近位に付勢するように構成されている(このことが顎部材を開いた位置に付勢する)。付勢部材180の近位部分は、(例えば、ピン182を介して)フレーム110と機械的な協働状態に配置され、付勢部材180の遠位部分は、駆動梁310の近位部分312と機械的な協働状態にある(図4参照)。認識され得るように、クランプハンドル120の少なくとも部分的な作動(すなわち矢印「A」の方向における動き)は、ハンドルリンク122の遠位部分126を遠位に押し、このことが、駆動梁310を、付勢部材180の付勢力に抵抗して遠位に平行移動させる。上記のように、駆動梁310の遠位の平行移動は、顎部材の接近を引き起こし、顎部材の間の組織をクランプ留めする。
図2および図3を具体的に参照して、本実施形態の外科用器具100は、フレーム110およびクランプハンドル120の少なくとも1つと機械的な協働状態に配置されているラッチ構造190を含む。例えば、ラッチ構造190は、クランプハンドル120上に配置される第一の部分192と、フレーム110上に配置される第二の部分194とを含み得、その結果、クランプハンドル120の作動(例えば、フルの作動)が、第一の部分192を第二の部分194と係合させ、クランプハンドル120を閉じた位置において取り外し可能に維持する。さらに、解放機構196は、外科用器具100の一部分(例えば、クランプハンドル120)に配置され得、その結果、解放機構196に圧力を加えること(例えば、上向きの圧力)は、クランプハンドル120をその閉じた位置から解放させる。すなわち、解放機構196の作動は、ラッチ機構190の複数の部分192、194を互いから係合解除させるか、またはラッチ解除させる。
想定される実施形態において、付勢部材180は、顎部材が、それらの間の組織が所定の厚さを超えるとき、顎部材が接近した位置に達することを防ぐように構成されているバネ定数を含むバネである。組織が「非常に厚い」場合の例は、顎部材間の組織の厚さが、その中および/またはそこを通るファスナの適切な配置を実質的に防ぐ。
開示される実施形態において、クランプハンドル120の作動はまた、ユーザに接触性のフィードバックを提供するように構成される。例えば、クランプハンドル120の作動に応答して、ユーザが受ける抵抗は、顎部材間でクランプ留めされる組織の厚さに比例し得る。従って、ユーザは、クランプハンドル120がその間の組織の周りの顎部材を接近させるために作動されるときに、(抵抗の形態で)フィードバックを提供される。このフィードバックは、クランプ留めされる組織の厚さに直接的にまたは間接的に比例し得る。この力の量は、顎部材間に位置する「非常に厚い」組織によって提供される抵抗を克服するためには十分ではないので、ユーザが「非常に厚い」組織をクランプ留めすることを実質的に防ぐことがさらに想定される。
作動していない位置または開いた位置において、具体的に図2を参照して、クランプハンドル120(ハンドルリンク122と様々な旋回点とを含む)は、長手方向軸から比較的に低い高さを有するように構成される。このような比較的に小さい距離は、外科用器具100全体に、小さいプロフィールを提供し、これは、器具がよりかさばらず、結果として扱いやすいので、一般的に望ましい特徴である。さらに、例えば、ユーザがステープルを発射するために可動ハンドル130を作動するために使用する手と同じ手の親指で、ユーザがこの「小さなプロフィール」のクランプハンドル120を作動し得ることが想定される。従って、クランプハンドル120は、外科用器具100の片手操作を容易にするように、構成され、かつ寸法が合わせられる。
ここで図5〜図8を参照して、顎部材を接近させることに関する本開示の実施形態が示される。この実施形態において、エンドエフェクタ150は、一対のカム表面152aおよび152bを含む。図5および図6は、開いた(すなわち作動していない)位置の顎部材を示す。ここで、駆動梁310の作動部材330(例えば、I形状梁の上部水平部分)は、第一の近位位置にある。以上で論じたように、クランプハンドル120の接近は、駆動梁の作動部分330を遠位に平行移動させる。駆動梁310の遠位の平行移動の際に、作動部分330は遠位のカム表面152aと接触し、このことが顎部材の接近を引き起こす(例えば、カートリッジアセンブリ170が静止アンビル160に向けて動く)。図7および図8は、クランプハンドル120の少なくとも部分的な作動の結果(すなわち、遠位位置の作動部分330および接近した位置における顎部材)を示す。
いったん顎部材が接近すると、例えば、ユーザは、発射ロッドを前進させ、かつカートリッジアセンブリ170からステープルを発射するために、発射ハンドル130を少なくとも部分的に作動し得る。発射ハンドルは、望ましくは、その初期位置に向けて付勢され、その結果、発射後、発射ロッドと作動部分330とは引き込まれる。ステープルの発射前、ユーザは、クランプハンドル120を(例えば、図3の矢印「B」の実質的な方向に)上昇させ得、駆動梁310を引き込み、そして作動部分330を近位に動かし、そして近位のカム表面152bと接触させる。駆動梁310の作動部分330が、近位のカム表面152bと接触する場合、顎部材は互いに対して開く(例えば、カートリッジアセンブリ170がアンビル160から離れるように動く)。示されるように、遠位のカム表面152aと近位のカム表面152bとは、互いに隣接し得、その結果V様の形状を形成する。
示される実施形態において、可動顎部材(例えば、カートリッジアセンブリ170)はまた、その近位部分に配置されるリップ154を含む。リップ154は、カム表面152bより上に上げられ、かつ駆動梁310の作動部分330が極端に近位に平行移動されることを防ぐために役立つ。
さらに、可動顎部材は、遠位のカム表面152a(図6参照)に隣接し、かつその遠位にある実質的に平坦な表面156(すなわち、顎部材が接近しているとき長手方向軸と実質的に平行)を有するように示される。この構成において、駆動梁310の作動部分330は、遠位のカム表面152aと接触した後(そして、顎部材が少なくとも部分的に接触した後)に、遠位に平行移動し続け得、表面156を係合し得る。作動部分330と表面156との間の係合が、顎部材を接近した位置に維持することに役立ち得ることが想定される。
さらに、本明細書には明示的に示していないが、本開示の外科用器具100はクランプハンドルを含まないことが想定される。このような実施形態において、発射ハンドル130の部分的な作動は、顎部材を接近させるために使用され得、そして、例えば、発射ハンドル130の、さらなるより完全な作動は、ステープルを発射する。これらの実施形態において、発射ハンドルは、駆動梁に取り付けられた歯状のラックと係合するように付勢された爪を有する。発射ハンドルの複数の作動は、駆動梁を前進させるために用いられる。駆動梁の初期の前進は、顎部材を閉じる。発射ハンドルの継続した作動によって、作動部分330は、遠位に平行移動し続け、ステープルを発射する。カートリッジアセンブリおよびアンビルは、作動部分330が、顎部材の遠位部分に向けて進むことを可能にするスロットを含む。Millimanらに対する米国特許第6,953,139号に開示されたハンドルアセンブリが使用され得、この特許の全内容は本明細書により、本明細書において参照により援用される。この実施形態において、作動部分330は、ナイフ部材に接続され、このナイフ部材はステープルを発射するためにそり650を押す。
ここで、図9〜図17を参照して、様々なナイフ/発射ロッド接続に関する、本開示の実施形態が示される。これらの実施形態において、発射ロッド320の一部分および/またはナイフ400の一部分の構造は、発射ロッド320と使い捨てナイフ400との間の接続を可能にし、従って、新しいナイフ400が、外科用器具100の各発射のために使用されることを可能にする。
特に、図9および図10を参照すると、ナイフ/発射ロッド接続の第一の実施形態が示される。具体的には、図9は、装填ユニットまたは交換可能なカートリッジがカートリッジアセンブリに挿入され、かつ発射ロッド320aおよびナイフ400aが接続されていない、第一の近位位置における発射ロッド320aを示す。図10は、発射ロッド320aおよびナイフ400aが接続されている、第二の遠位位置における発射ロッド320aを示す。この実施形態の発射ロッド320aおよびナイフ400aは、エンドエフェクタ150が外科用器具100の細長い部分140と係合されるとき、発射ロッド320aの遠位の動きが、その遠位端322aをナイフ400aと連結させるように構成される。さらに、発射ロッド320aの近位の動きが、ナイフ400a(発射ロッド320aに連結されている)を近位に動かす。さらに、発射ロッド320aおよびナイフ400aは、発射ロッド320aが所定の位置まで近位に平行移動されるとき、互いに連結されないようになるように構成される(例えば、発射ハンドル130が図1の矢印「C」の方向に実質的に完全に引き込まれる場合に対応する)。
連結されていない位置(すなわち、ナイフ400aの表面401aと発射ロッド320aの遠位端322aの表面323aとの間に十分な距離がある(図9参照))において、例えば、ユーザは、カートリッジアセンブリ160を交換することによって、ナイフ400aを新しいナイフと交換し得る。示されている実施形態は、接近した位置における顎部材を示しているが、顎部材が開いた位置にあるときに、ユーザがナイフ400aを取り外したり、そして/または交換したりし得ることが想定される。
発射ロッド320aとナイフ400aとの間の相互作用のさらなる詳細が、図9および図10を続けて参照して、本明細書に記載される。発射ロッド320aが遠位に前進するとき、細長い部分140上に配置された少なくとも一つの突起142(例えば、一対の突起、半径方向に配置された突起など)は、発射ロッド320aの少なくとも一部分を、長手方向軸を横断するように(例えば、図10の矢印「D」の方向に)動かすように構成される。例えば、突起142は、発射ロッド320aのランプ324aに接触し得る。図9および図10に関して認識され得るように、遠位の動きと横断する動きとの組み合わせは、発射ロッド320aの遠位端322a(例えば、J形状)を、ナイフ400aの近位部分402a(例えば、J形状)と係合(例えば、連結)させる。対応するように、発射ロッド320aが近位に平行移動するとき、少なくとも一つの突起142は、発射ロッド320aの少なくとも一部分を、長手方向軸を横断するように(例えば、図9の矢印「E」の方向に)動かすように構成される。例えば、突起143は、発射ロッド320a上に形成されたランプ326aと接触し得る。従って、近位の動きと横断する動きとの組み合わせは、発射ロッド320aの遠位端322aを、ナイフ400aの近位部分402aと係合解除(例えば、連結解除)させる。
特に、図11および図12を参照して、ナイフ/発射ロッド接続の第二の実施形態が示される。具体的には、図11は、ナイフ400bが、発射ロッド320bの遠位に、かつ隣接して配置されたコネクタ360と、係合されていないか、または連結されていない、開いた位置における顎部材を示す。図12は、ナイフ400bが、コネクタ360と係合されているか、または連結されている、接近した位置における顎部材を示す。顎部材が開いた位置にあるとき、コネクタ360およびナイフ400bが連結解除され(図11)、その結果、カートリッジ(ナイフ400bを含む)が取り外されることを可能にするように、コネクタ360およびナイフ400bが構成される。顎部材が接近した位置にあるとき(図12)、アンビル顎部材の表面はナイフ400bに接触し、コネクタ360およびナイフ400bが連結されるようにナイフ400bを回転させ、その結果、発射ロッド320(および従ってコネクタ360)の近位および遠位の平行移動は、それぞれナイフ400bの近位および遠位の平行移動をもたらす。図12を参照することにより認識され得るように、顎部材が接近しているとき、カートリッジは、外科用器具100から取り外され得ない。
図11および図12に示される実施形態において、コネクタ360は、ナイフ400bのフック状部分を係合するように構成されているフック状部分を含む。コネクタ360は、実質的にJ形状を有するように示されているが、任意の適切な形状が、ナイフ400bおよびコネクタ360に対して用いられ得る。
コネクタ360が、発射ロッド320の遠位端に対して可動(例えば、旋回可能、スイベル可能など)であることが想定される。例えば、顎部材がそれらの開いた位置に向けて動かされるとき、ナイフ400bの近位部分402bは、コネクタ360の上部部分362と接触し得、上部部分362を遠位に旋回/スイベルして、その結果、ナイフ400bが外科用器具100から取り外されるために十分な空間(またはさらなる空間)を生成する。同様に、顎部材が接近しているとき、コネクタ360の上部部分362は、近位に旋回/スイベルし得、その結果、コネクタ360をナイフ400bと連結(さらに連結)して、その結果、ナイフ400bが外科用器具100から取り外されることを不可能にする。さらに、フランジ370が示され、このフランジ370は、その位置においてコネクタ360を維持することに役立ち、そして/またはコネクタ360の上部部分362が近位に動くことに役立つように構成され得る。
ナイフ/発射ロッド接続の別の実施形態が図13および図14に示されている。具体的には、図13は、発射ロッド320cおよびナイフ400cが連結されていない第一の近位位置における発射ロッド320cを示す。図14は、発射ロッド320cおよびナイフ400cが連結されている第二の遠位位置における発射ロッド320cを示す。エンドエフェクタ150が外科用器具100の細長い部分140と係合されているときに、その遠位部分322cをナイフ400と連結させるように、この実施形態の発射ロッド320cおよびナイフ400cは構成される。
より具体的には、このナイフ/発射ロッド接続の実施形態は、ナイフ400cとの機械的な協働状態に配置されるバネ要素500(例えば、板バネ)を含む。バネ要素500の近位部分502(例えば、実質的にJ形状)は、ナイフの軸K−Kに向けて付勢される。ここで、発射ロッド320cの遠位の動きは、バネ要素500の近位部分502を外側に(すなわち、ナイフの軸K−Kから離れるように)押す。発射ロッド320は、バネ要素500を受けるアパーチャ321を含む。従って、バネ要素500の近位部分502は、発射ロッド320cと一時的に固定される。従って、発射ロッド320cの継続した遠位方向の平行移動は、ナイフ400cの遠位方向の平行移動を引き起こす。さらに、発射ロッド320cの近位方向の平行移動は、発射ロッド320cがバネ要素500から係合解除される所定の場所(例えば、発射ハンドル130が図1の矢印「C」の方向に実質的に完全に引き込まれる場合に対応する)に達するまで、ナイフ400cの遠位方向の平行移動を引き起こす。望ましくは、アパーチャ321およびバネ要素500(または複数のバネ要素)の形状は、バネ要素500が、デバイスからカートリッジを取り外す際に外側に付勢され、発射ロッド320をナイフ400から接続解除するような形状である。
特に、図15〜図17を参照すると、ナイフ/発射ロッド接続の第四の実施形態が示される。具体的には、図15は、発射ロッド320dおよびナイフ400dが連結されていない第一の近位位置における発射ロッド320dを示す。図16は、発射ロッド320dおよびナイフ400dが連結されている第二の遠位位置における発射ロッド320dを示す。図17は図16の側面図である。エンドエフェクタ150が外科用器具100の細長い部分140と係合されるとき、その遠位322dをナイフ400dと連結させるように、この実施形態の発射ロッド320dおよびナイフ400dは構成される。さらに、発射ロッド320dの近位の動きは、ナイフ400d(発射ロッド320dに連結されている)を近位に動かす。さらに、発射ロッド320dが、所定の位置(例えば、発射ハンドル130が図1の矢印「C」の方向に実質的に完全に引き込まれる場合に対応する)まで近位に平行移動しているときに互いに対して連結されていないようになるように、発射ロッド320dおよびナイフ400dは構成されている。遠位端322dおよびナイフ400dのレセプタクル402dは、遠位端322dが、デバイスからカートリッジを取り外す際に外側に付勢され、ナイフ400の発射ロッド320を接続解除するような形状である。
連結されていない位置(図15)において、ユーザは、例えば、カートリッジアセンブリ160を交換することによって、ナイフ400dを新しいナイフと交換し得る。エンドエフェクタおよび発射ロッド320dの構成は、顎部材が開いた位置および/または接近した位置にあるとき、カートリッジを取り外し、そして/または交換することを可能にすることが想定される。
発射ロッド320dとナイフ400dとの間の相互作用のさらなる詳細が、図15および図16を続けて参照して、本明細書において記載される。接続は、遠位端322dがレセプタクル402dに弾性的に締まる(snap)ときに、形成され得る。あるいは、発射ロッド320dが遠位に前進するとき、細長い部分140上に配置されたスロープ142dは、長手方向軸を横断するように(図16の矢印「F」の方向に)、ナイフ400d内のレセプタクル402dに向けて、発射ロッド320dの遠位端322dを動かすように構成される。さらに、またはあるいは、細長い部分上のスロープは、遠位端322dをナイフとの係合から離れるように力ずくで外す(pry)ように構成され得、かつ配列され得る。図15および図16に関して認識され得るように、遠位の動きと横断する動きとの組み合わせは、発射ロッド320dの遠位端322dをナイフ400dのレセプタクル402dと係合させるために用いられ得る。近位の動きと横断する動きとの組み合わせは、発射ロッド320dの遠位端322dをナイフ400dのレセプタクル402dと係合解除させるために用いられ得る。類似の配列が、図13および図14に示されるナイフと発射ロッドとの間の接続のために用いられ得る。
さらに、発射ロッド320dの遠位端322dがナイフ400dから離れるように、すなわち、図15の矢印「G」の実質的な方向に付勢されることが想定される。それゆえ、遠位端322dがスロープ142dの近位にあるように発射ロッド320dが近位に平行移動されるとき、遠位端322dは、ナイフ400dのレセプタクル402dの外に動く。従って、この動きの組み合わせは、発射ロッド320dおよびナイフ400dを連結解除する。
図18〜図19を参照すると、本開示はまた、外科用ステープリング器具100と共に使用するカートリッジアセンブリ600に関する。カートリッジアセンブリ600は、ユーザが、すでに発射された使い捨てのカートリッジを発射することを防ぐように構成される。より具体的には、カートリッジが発射された後で、カートリッジアセンブリ600は、そのナイフ640を締め出し、かつカートリッジの再利用を防ぐように構成されている。
カートリッジアセンブリ600の組み立て図が図18に示される。示されるように、カートリッジアセンブリ600は、チャネル610と、カバー620と、ステープルカートリッジ630と、ナイフ640とを含む。カバー620は、チャネル610との機械的な係合(例えば、スナップ嵌め接続)のために構成される。ステープルカートリッジ630は、カバー620との機械的な係合のために構成され、ナイフ640は、カバー620およびカートリッジに対して平行移動するように構成されている。図18はまた、そり650を示し、そり650は(ステープルカートリッジ630からステープルを排出するために)カバー620に対する平行移動のために構成される。
示されているように、チャネル610は、カバー620のブロッキング部材622(例えば、可撓性のフィンガ)との係合のために、その上に突起612を含む。チャネル610とカバー620との間の係合の際に、突起612は、ブロッキング部材622を、ブロッキング部材622がカバー620の表面624を規定する平面と実質的に平行である第一の位置から、ブロッキング部材622の少なくとも一部(例えば、近位部分626)が表面624の平面から間隔が空けられた第二の位置まで動かす。その第二の位置において、ブロッキング部材622は、ナイフ640がステープルを発射するために配置され、その後所定の位置を通過するように近位に平行移動した(図19参照)後にナイフ640の遠位方向の平行移動を実質的に防ぐように構成される。カートリッジアセンブリ600が、ブロッキング部材622がその第二の位置にあるとき、ブロッキング部材622を通過するナイフ640の近位方向の平行移動を可能にするように構成されることが想定される。例えば、ブロッキング部材622は、弾性部材として形成され得る。ナイフの初期位置において、ブロッキング部材622は、ナイフによって押し下げられる。ナイフが前進して、ステープルを発射するためにそりを遠位に押した後、ナイフは、図19に示される位置まで引き込められる。ブロッキング部材622は、弾性的に持ち上げられ、ナイフ上の表面を係合する。認識され得るように、カートリッジアセンブリ600は、本明細書に記載される外科用ステープリング器具100の様々な実施形態と共に使用され得る。
様々な修正が、本明細書の精神および範囲から逸脱することなしに、本明細書に開示された本開示の様々な実施形態に対してなされ得ることが理解される。例えば、本開示の外科用ステープリング器具は、全ての機能を行う(例えば、顎部材を接近させる、ステープルを発射する、組織を切断する、顎部材を開く)単一の可動ハンドルを含み得る。単一の可動ハンドルは、部分的に作動され得、第一の機能を行い、そして続く作動が第二の機能を行うことが想定される。第一の完全な作動が第一の機能を行い、そして第二のフルの作動が第二の機能を行うこともまた想定される。
さらに、開示される外科用ステープリング器具は、いかなる可動ハンドルも含まないことがあり、むしろ、外科用ステープリング器具は、ハンドルまたはクランプの作動以外による手段によって動力が与えられ得る(例えば、バッテリ、電気など)。動力付きの外科用ステープルの例は、共有に係る米国特許出願第11/786,934号(名称「Powered Surgical Instrument」)に開示され、この特許出願の全内容は、本明細書により、本明細書において参照により援用される。さらに、本開示の外科用器具はまた、関節能力を有し得、これはエンドエフェクタを、エンドエフェクタの軸が細長い部分の軸に平行である第一の位置と、エンドエフェクタの軸が細長い部分の軸に対してある角度にある第二の位置との間を動かし得る。関節能力のあるエンドエフェクタの外科用ステープリング器具の例は、共有に係る米国特許出願第11/544,203号(名称「Surgical Instrument with Articulating Tool Assembly」)に開示され、この特許出願の全内容は、本明細書により、本明細書において参照により援用される。それゆえ、上記の記載は、本開示を限定するものとして解釈されるべきではなく、単に本開示の様々な実施形態の例示として解釈されるべきである。当業者は、添付の特許請求の範囲によって定義されるような本開示の範囲および精神内の他の修正を想定する。
(要約)
フレームと、細長い部分と、発射ロッドと、エンドエフェクタとを含む外科用器具が開示される。細長い部分は、フレームから遠位に延び、長手方向軸を規定する。発射ロッドは、少なくとも部分的に細長い部分と共に配置され、細長い部分に対して近位に、そして遠位に平行移動可能である。エンドエフェクタは、ナイフを含み、細長い部分の遠位部分に配置される。発射ロッドの遠位方向の動きは、発射ロッドの遠位端を、ナイフと連結させる。発射ロッドの近位方向の動きは、連結されたナイフを、第一の所定の位置まで近位に動かす。ナイフは、発射ロッドが、第二の所定の位置まで近位に平行移動したときに、発射ロッドから連結解除される。
100 外科用器具、外科用ステープリング器具
110 フレーム
120 クランプハンドル
130 発射ハンドル
140 細長い部分
150 エンドエフェクタ
160 アンビル
170 カートリッジアセンブリ

Claims (5)

  1. 外科用器具であって、
    フレームと、
    該フレームから遠位に延び、かつ長手方向軸を規定する細長い部分と、
    該細長い部分内に少なくとも部分的に配置され、かつ該細長い部分に対して平行移動可能な発射ロッドと、
    該発射ロッドの遠位部分に隣接して配置されるコネクタと、
    該細長い部分の遠位端に配置されるエンドエフェクタであって、該エンドエフェクタは、第一の顎部材と、第二の顎部材とを含み、該顎部材は、開いた位置と接近した位置との間で互いに対して移動可能であり、該第一の顎部材はナイフを有するカートリッジである、エンドエフェクタと
    を備え、該コネクタは、該ナイフと係合可能であり該顎部材の接近は、該コネクタと該ナイフとの間の自動的な連結を引き起こすように構成されている、外科用器具。
  2. 前記コネクタは、前記顎部材がそれらの開いた位置に向けて動かされるとき、前記細長い部分に対して旋回するように構成されている、請求項1に記載の外科用器具。
  3. 前記コネクタは、実質的にJ形状である、請求項1に記載の外科用器具。
  4. 前記発射ロッドの遠位方向の平行移動は、前記ナイフの遠位方向の平行移動を引き起こす、請求項1に記載の外科用器具。
  5. 前記フレームと機械的に協働するように配置された可動ハンドルをさらに備え、該可動ハンドルの少なくとも部分的な作動が前記発射ロッドの平行移動をもたらす、請求項1に記載の外科用器具。
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US8328065B2 (en) 2012-12-11
ES2569342T3 (es) 2016-05-10
US20120048911A1 (en) 2012-03-01
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EP2130500A1 (en) 2009-12-09
EP2130500B1 (en) 2016-03-23
CA2665472A1 (en) 2009-12-06
AU2009201826B2 (en) 2014-07-24
JP2014039849A (ja) 2014-03-06
US20090302091A1 (en) 2009-12-10
US7789283B2 (en) 2010-09-07
US8074862B2 (en) 2011-12-13
US20100237133A1 (en) 2010-09-23

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