JP5462862B2 - メラニン形成を阻害するためのKif13A阻害剤およびAP−1阻害剤の使用 - Google Patents
メラニン形成を阻害するためのKif13A阻害剤およびAP−1阻害剤の使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5462862B2 JP5462862B2 JP2011505573A JP2011505573A JP5462862B2 JP 5462862 B2 JP5462862 B2 JP 5462862B2 JP 2011505573 A JP2011505573 A JP 2011505573A JP 2011505573 A JP2011505573 A JP 2011505573A JP 5462862 B2 JP5462862 B2 JP 5462862B2
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- kinesin
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Classifications
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- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
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- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/16—Emollients or protectives, e.g. against radiation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/02—Preparations for care of the skin for chemically bleaching or whitening the skin
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- C12N15/113—Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing
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Description
ヒトにおいて、色素沈着は、最も顕著には皮膚、毛髪および虹彩色素上皮におけるメラニン色素の合成および分布から生じる。従って、皮膚、毛髪および眼の色は、主に存在する色素のタイプおよびその濃度に依存する。この色素沈着は、多くの内因性または外因性因子、例えば紫外線照射への曝露によって調節される。
本発明の目的は、メラニン形成に対して特異的な作用を有し、局所経路による投与に適した製剤において安定である、無毒性で非刺激性で非アレルギー性である、新規な色素脱失剤を提供することである。
本発明者らは、驚くべき方法で、メラニン色素の合成を、メラニン細胞において、AP−1アダプター複合体のサブユニットの阻害剤またはAP−1と相互作用するキネシンの阻害剤を用いて、特にAP−1アダプター複合体のサブユニットの発現またはAP−1と相互作用するキネシンの発現を遮断する核酸を用いて減少させることができることを示した。彼らは実際に、このような核酸が、プレメラノソームへ向けたゴルジ装置のメラニン形成酵素の輸送を破壊し、従ってこれらの細胞小器官の成熟を遮断できるだけでなく、メラニン形成酵素の発現も減少させることができることを観察した。従って、本発明者らは、このタイプの核酸が、メラニン形成の様々な段階に対して作用することによってメラニン細胞におけるメラニンの合成を減少または阻害でき、従って、新規で特に効果的な色素脱失剤を構成することを明らかにした。
材料および方法
細胞、抗体および試薬
ヒトメラニン細胞の細胞株MNT−1を、以前に記載されているように(Raposo et al., 2001)培養液中に維持する。
− 抗β−チューブリンウサギポリクローナル抗体(ab6046, Abcam(登録商標))
− ウサギ抗μ1A(AP−1のサブユニット)ポリクローナル抗体(Dr. Linton Traub, University of Pittsburg);
− マウス抗γ−アダプチンモノクローナル抗体(クローン100/3;SIGMA(登録商標));
− 培養液TA99(Mel−5)(アメリカン・タイプ・カルチャー・コレクション、Manassas、VA、USA)の上清から得られたマウス抗Tyrp1モノクローナル抗体(チロシナーゼ関連タンパク質−1);
− 抗チロシナーゼポリクローナル抗体(ab15175, Abcam(登録商標));
− 抗Pmel17モノクローナル抗体(HMB50, Labvision(登録商標));
− ウサギ抗Kif13Aポリクローナル抗体(Bethyl Laboratories, Montgomery, USA);
− ウサギポリクローナルおよびマウスモノクローナル抗セイヨウワサビペルオキシダーゼ(HRP)抗体(Jackson Immunoresearch(登録商標));および
− テキサスレッドと結合させたウサギ抗マウス抗体(Invitrogen(登録商標))。
− コロイド状金粒子に結合したプロテインA(ユトレヒト大学細胞顕微鏡センター、オランダ);
− プロテインGアガロース(Invitrogen(登録商標)、カタログ参照15920-010);
− NuPAGE Bis-Tris 4-12%ゲル、NuPAGE 3-8% トリス−アセテートゲル、MES-SDS移動および転写緩衝液を含む、ウェスタンブロット用のキット(Invitrogen(登録商標));
− PVDFメンブラン(Millipore(登録商標))上でHRP活性を可視化するための、ECLキット「ウェスタンブロッティング検出試薬」(Amersham(登録商標));
− パラホルムアルデヒド(PFA)およびウシ血清アルブミン(BSA)(Sigma(登録商標));
− サポニン((Carlo Erba Reagents(登録商標));および
− 蛍光顕微鏡カバーガラスをのせるためのDAPIを含む「ProLong(登録商標) Gold Antifade Reagent」媒体。
1×106個の細胞を、2日間、10cmの培養皿に接種し、その後、予め加熱したPBSで2回洗浄し、その後、インキュベーター中の4mlのOptiMem培地(Invitrogen(登録商標))で40分間培養した。
RNA干渉後、細胞をPBSで2回洗浄し、その後、氷上で1ウェルあたり200μlの溶解緩衝液(50mMトリス、150mM NaCl、10mM EDTA、1%トリトン、1%プロテアーゼ阻害剤、pH8)と共に15分間インキュベートした。その後、細胞を剥がし、遠心分離にかけ(15,000rpm、4℃)、そして上清を回収した。全タンパク質の量を、BCAプロテインアッセイキット(Pierce(登録商標))によって測定した。10mgの各上清をゲル上にのせ、200Vで35分間泳動を行なった。その後、ゲルを、30Vで1時間かけてPVDFメンブラン(Millipore(登録商標))に転写した。その後、メンブランを、PBS/0.1%Tween/5%BSA緩衝液を用いて1時間室温で飽和させ、WB緩衝液(PBS/0.1%Tween)中で希釈した一次抗体と共に45分間インキュベートし、WB緩衝液で10分間3回濯ぎ、WB緩衝液中で希釈したHRPと結合させた対応する二次抗体と共に45分間インキュベートし、WB緩衝液中で10分間3回濯いだ。その後、HRP活性を、ECLキット(ウェスタンブロット検出試薬)(Amersham(登録商標))を使用して明らかにした。
カバーガラス上に予め接種した細胞(0.5×105個の細胞/カバーガラス)を、予め加熱したPBSで2回洗浄し、その後、PBS/4%PFA溶液で10分間かけて固定した。PBSを用いて室温で2回洗浄した後、反応しなかった過剰PFAを、50mMグリシン/PBSを用いて10分間処理することによって中和した。その後、非特異的結合部位を、2mg/mlBSAを補充したPBSで3分間の洗浄を2回することによって飽和させ、細胞を、透過緩衝液(PBS/2%BSA/0.05%サポニン)を用いて透過化した。その後、カバーガラスを、透過緩衝液で希釈した25μlの一次抗体と45分間室温で接触させておき、そして過剰の抗体を、透過緩衝液を用いて3分間の洗浄を2回することによって排除した。その後、カバーガラスを、透過緩衝液で希釈した25μlの二次抗体と共に45分間室温でインキュベートした。
メラニン細胞を、コンフルエントになるまで75cm2のフラスコ中で培養し、その後、溶解緩衝液(50mMトリス、150mM NaCl、10mM EDTA、1%トリトン、1%プロテアーゼ阻害剤、pH7.3)を用いて20分間4℃で溶解した。その後、細胞を剥がし、そして遠心分離(15,000rpm、4℃)にかけ、そして上清を収集した。プロテインGアガロースと結合させたビーズを溶解緩衝液中で洗浄し、これらのビーズの20mlを、回転下で1時間かけて4℃で溶解液と共にインキュベートした。その後、溶解液を4,000rpmで遠心分離にかけ、そして上清を収集し、その後、1μgウサギ抗体(Kif13A対照)またはマウス抗CD9抗体(AP−1γ−アダプチン対照)と共に1時間かけて予めインキュベートしておいた洗浄したビーズと共にインキュベートした。その後、溶解液を4,000rpmで遠心分離にかけ、そして、上清を、1μgのウサギ抗体(Kif13a対照)、抗Kif13a抗体(Kif13a)、マウス抗CD9抗体(AP−1γ−アダプチン対照)またはマウス抗γ−アダプチン抗体(AP−1 γ−アダプチン)と共に2時間かけて4℃で回転下で予めインキュベートしておいた洗浄したビーズ20μlと接触させておくことによって免疫沈降を行なう。その後、溶解液を4,000rpmで遠心分離にかけ、上清を収集し、そしてウェスタンブロット解析のためにゲル上にのせた。
6ウェルプレートに予め接種し、「対照」siRNAおよびsiRNA−Kif13AまたはsiRNA−μ1Aで処理したメラニン細胞を、0.2M pH7.4リン酸緩衝液中で4時間かけて室温で、2%PFAの混合物および2%グルタルアルデヒドの混合物(従来型顕微鏡)または2%PFAと0.5%グルタルアルデヒドの混合物(免疫染色)のいずれかを用いて固定した。
RNA干渉後、細胞をPBS中で2回洗浄し、150μlのメラニン緩衝液(50mMトリス、2mM EDTA、150mM NaCl、1%プロテアーゼ阻害剤、pH7.4)と共にインキュベートした。その後、それらを剥がし、1つの画分に収集し、その後、20秒間最大強度で超音波をあてた。その後、10μlを採取し、タンパク質を定量し(BCAプロテインアッセイキットを用いて、Pierce)、そして200μgのタンパク質を採取し、15,000rpmで15分間かけて4℃で遠心分離にかけた。上清を排除し、ペレットを500μlのエタノール/エーテル(1:1)溶液で洗浄した。最後に、ペレットを、230μlの2M NaOh/20%DMSO溶液を用いて55℃で可溶化した。一旦可溶化すると、200μlを採取して、492nmにおける吸光度を測定した。
定量は、免疫蛍光のために調製した細胞上で落射蛍光顕微鏡を使用して行なった。細胞を位相差で観察し、そして色素化された成熟メラノソームの存在(黒)または非存在(白)を定量した。
siRNA−AP−1(μ1A)、siRNA−Kif13AおよびsiRNA−AP−3(β3A)でトランスフェクトされたメラニン細胞の細胞溶解液のウェスタンブロット実験により、Kif13Aの発現は、AP−1またはAP−3の不活性化によって破壊されないことを示すことができた(図1A)。他方で、siRNA−Kif13Aでトランスフェクトされたメラニン細胞においては、Kif13Aの発現が完全に抑制され(図1Aおよび1C)、一方で、AP−1のμ1Aサブユニットの発現は破壊されなかった。従って、これらの結果は、メラニン細胞においてこのタンパク質を不活性化するsiRNAの効力および特異性を示す。
これらの実験によって得られた結果は最初に、特異的siRNAの使用は、メラニン細胞におけるキネシンKif13Aを不活性化することを観察することを可能とした。
− メラニン細胞において産生されるメラニンの量、
− 色素化された成熟メラノソームを含むメラニン細胞の量、および
− メラニン細胞における成熟メラノソーム(段階IIIまたはIV)の比率
を有意に減少させることを可能とすることを示す。
トランスフェクトされたメラニン細胞のウェスタンブロット実験(図4)は、AP−1のμ1Aサブユニットの発現が、siRNA−対照でトランスフェクトされたメラニン細胞と比較して、siRNA−μ1Aでトランスフェクトされたメラニン細胞において強く減少していることを示すことを可能とした。この発現の下降はまた、AP−1アダプター複合体の不安定化の結果、AP−1の別のサブユニットであるγ−アダプチンの発現の減少も伴った。従って、これらの結果は、AP−1の唯1つのサブユニットの不活性化がこの複合体を完全に不安定化するに十分であることを確認する。さらに、驚くべき様式で、siRNA−μ1Aでトランスフェクトされ従ってAP−1に欠陥を有する細胞において、Tyrp−1酵素の発現はより低い強度で減少していたが、メラニン形成の鍵となる酵素であるチロシナーゼの発現は強く減少していることが観察された。
これらの実験によって得られた結果は、まず第一に、特異的siRNAの使用がメラニン細胞におけるAP−1複合体を不活性化することを観察することを可能とした。さらに、AP−1アダプター複合体の唯1つのサブユニットの不活性化が、前記複合体を不安定化し従って不活性化するのに十分であることが示された。
− メラニン細胞において産生されるメラニンの量、
− 色素化された成熟メラノソームを含むメラニン細胞の量、および
− メラニン細胞における成熟(段階IIIまたはIV)メラノソームの比率
を有意に減少させることを可能とすることを示す。
Claims (14)
- 色素性疾患を処置または予防するための医薬組成物であって、
少なくとも1つのキネシンKif13A阻害剤、AP−1アダプター複合体のサブユニットの阻害剤、および/またはAP−1アダプター複合体のサブユニットもしくはAP−1複合体とキネシンKif13Aとの間の相互作用の阻害剤を含み、
ここで、前記阻害剤が、AP−1アダプター複合体のサブユニットまたはキネシンKif13Aをコードする遺伝子またはmRNAと特異的にハイブリダイゼーションでき、そして前記タンパク質の発現を減少または抑制することができる配列を含む核酸である、
組成物。 - 前記色素性疾患が、色素沈着過剰であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 色素脱失剤としての、少なくとも1つのキネシンKif13A阻害剤、AP−1アダプター複合体のサブユニットの阻害剤、および/またはAP−1アダプター複合体のサブユニットもしくはAP−1複合体とキネシンKif13Aとの間の相互作用の阻害剤を含む、化粧組成物であって、
ここで、前記阻害剤が、AP−1アダプター複合体のサブユニットまたはキネシンKif13Aをコードする遺伝子またはmRNAと特異的にハイブリダイゼーションでき、そして前記タンパク質の発現を減少または抑制することができる配列を含む核酸である、
組成物。 - 前記阻害剤が、キネシンKif13A阻害剤であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 前記阻害剤が、AP−1アダプター複合体のサブユニットの阻害剤であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 前記阻害剤が、AP−1アダプター複合体のサブユニットもしくはAP−1複合体とキ
ネシンKif13Aとの間の相互作用の阻害剤であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項記載の組成物。 - 前記核酸が、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドまたはiRNAであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 前記核酸が、siRNAであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 前記核酸が、15〜50ヌクレオチドの配列を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 前記核酸が、15〜30ヌクレオチドの配列を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 前記核酸が、配列番号1〜6および11〜24の配列からなる群より選択される配列を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- さらに一つ以上の他の活性物質を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 前記活性物質が、エラグ酸;アルブチン;レゾルシノール;ビタミンC;パントテネート;コウジ酸;胎盤抽出物;メラニン細胞刺激ホルモン(MSH)、そのレセプターまたは副腎皮質刺激ホルモン(ACTH)と直接的にまたは間接的に干渉する分子;ポリオール、グリセリン、グリコールまたはプロピレングリコール;ビタミン;角質溶解剤および/または剥離剤、サリチル酸;α−ヒドロキシ酸、乳酸またはリンゴ酸;アスコルビン酸;レチノイン酸;レチンアルデヒド;レチノール;パルミテート、プロピオネートまたはアセテート;抗糖化剤および/または抗酸化剤、トコフェロール、チオタウリン、ハイポタウリン、アミノグアニジン、チアミンピロホスフェート、ピリドキサミン、リジン、ヒスチジン、アルギニン、フェニルアラニン、ピリドキシン、アデノシントリホスフェート;抗炎症剤;鎮静剤およびその混合物;化学的または物理的な太陽フィルターおよびデオキシリボ核酸またはリボ核酸、およびその誘導体からなる群より選択されることを特徴とする、請求項12記載の組成物。
- 局所経路による投与に適合されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
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FR0852696A FR2930152A1 (fr) | 2008-04-22 | 2008-04-22 | Nouvelles compositions inhibant la melanogenese et leurs utilisations |
FR0852696 | 2008-04-22 | ||
FR0852692A FR2930151A1 (fr) | 2008-04-22 | 2008-04-22 | Nouvelles compositions inhibant la melanogenese et leurs utilisations |
FR0852692 | 2008-04-22 | ||
PCT/FR2009/050737 WO2009141541A2 (fr) | 2008-04-22 | 2009-04-21 | Nouvelles compositions inhibant la melanogenese et leurs utilisations |
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WO2013120726A2 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2013-08-22 | Unilever N.V. | A skin lightening composition |
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JP2014141475A (ja) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-08-07 | Daiichi Sankyo Co Ltd | 新規美白剤 |
WO2016006744A1 (ko) * | 2014-07-11 | 2016-01-14 | 주식회사 프로셀테라퓨틱스 | 세포 내 분자 전송 펩티드를 이용한 경피 전달용 펩티드-sirna 복합체 및 이의 용도 |
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