JP5425888B2 - 鞍乗型車両用排気ガス浄化触媒 - Google Patents
鞍乗型車両用排気ガス浄化触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5425888B2 JP5425888B2 JP2011505814A JP2011505814A JP5425888B2 JP 5425888 B2 JP5425888 B2 JP 5425888B2 JP 2011505814 A JP2011505814 A JP 2011505814A JP 2011505814 A JP2011505814 A JP 2011505814A JP 5425888 B2 JP5425888 B2 JP 5425888B2
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- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UYXRCZUOJAYSQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;platinum Chemical compound [Pt].O[N+]([O-])=O UYXRCZUOJAYSQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明において鞍乗型車両とは一般に鞍乗型車両といわれている鞍乗型二輪車、鞍乗型三輪車、鞍乗型四輪車だけでなく、スクーター型自動二輪車も包含するものである。
硝酸セリウム(CeO2換算量で)88質量部、硝酸ネオジム(Nd2O3換算量で)10質量部及び硝酸ランタン(La2O3換算量で)2質量部を5Lのフラスコに入れ、2000mLの純水を加え、1時間撹拌して均一な溶液を調製した。この溶液を撹拌しながら、1NのNH4OH溶液をpHが7になるまで滴下し、得られた沈殿物をろ過し、洗浄し、80℃で15時間乾燥させ、その後1000℃で3時間焼成して88CeO2−10Nd2O3−2La2O3複合酸化物B1(ZrO2を含有せず、CeO2の量が範囲外である)を調製した。
硝酸セリウム(CeO2換算量で)65質量部、硝酸ジルコニウム(ZrO2換算量で)25質量部、硝酸ネオジム(Nd2O3換算量で)8質量部及び硝酸ランタン(La2O3換算量で)2質量部を5Lのフラスコに入れ、2000mLの純水を加え、1時間撹拌して均一な溶液を調製した。この溶液を撹拌しながら、1NのNH4OH溶液をpHが7になるまで滴下し、得られた沈殿物をろ過し、洗浄し、80℃で15時間乾燥させ、その後1000℃で3時間焼成して65CeO2−25ZrO2−8Nd2O3−2La2O3複合酸化物B2を調製した。
硝酸セリウム(CeO2換算量で)46質量部、硝酸ジルコニウム(ZrO2換算量で)46質量部、硝酸ネオジム(Nd2O3換算量で)6質量部及び硝酸ランタン(La2O3換算量で)2質量部を使用した以外は製造例2と同様にして46CeO2−46ZrO2−6Nd2O3−2La2O3複合酸化物B3を調製した。
硝酸セリウム(CeO2換算量で)30質量部、硝酸ジルコニウム(ZrO2換算量で)60質量部、硝酸ネオジム(Nd2O3換算量で)8質量部及び硝酸ランタン(La2O3換算量で)2質量部を使用した以外は製造例2と同様にして30CeO2−60ZrO2−8Nd2O3−2La2O3複合酸化物B4を調製した。
硝酸ジルコニウム(ZrO2換算量で)92質量部、硝酸ネオジム(Nd2O3換算量で)5質量部及び硝酸ランタン(La2O3換算量で)3質量部を使用し、硝酸セリウムを使用しなかった以外は製造例2と同様にして92ZrO2−5Nd2O3−3La2O3複合酸化物B5を調製した。
硝酸セリウム(CeO2換算量で)46質量部及び硝酸ジルコニウム(ZrO2換算量で)54質量部を使用し、硝酸ネオジム及び硝酸ランタンを使用しなかった以外は製造例2と同様にして46CeO2−54ZrO2複合酸化物B6(Nd2O3及びLa2O3を含有しない)を調製した。
製造例2で調製した複合酸化物B2粉末60質量部、活性アルミナ粉末35質量部、アルミナゾル系バインダー材(アルミナ換算量で)5質量部及び純水150質量部をボールミルに入れ、8時間湿式粉砕して下層用スラリー(ウォッシュコート液)を調製した。
実施例1に記載の方法において、製造例2で調製した複合酸化物B2粉末の代わりに製造例3で調製した複合酸化物B3粉末を用いて下層用スラリーを調製した以外は実施例1と同様にして二層構造の触媒を調製した。
実施例1に記載の方法において、製造例2で調製した複合酸化物B2粉末の代わりに製造例1で調製した複合酸化物B1粉末を用いて下層用スラリーを調製した以外は実施例1と同様にして二層構造の触媒を調製した。
実施例1に記載の方法において、製造例2で調製した複合酸化物B2粉末の代わりに製造例4で調製した複合酸化物B4粉末を用いて下層用スラリーを調製した以外は実施例1と同様にして二層構造の触媒を調製した。
実施例1に記載の方法において、製造例2で調製した複合酸化物B2粉末の代わりに製造例5で調製した複合酸化物B5粉末を用いて下層用スラリーを調製した以外は実施例1と同様にして二層構造の触媒を調製した。
実施例2に記載の方法において、製造例4で調製した複合酸化物B4粉末の代わりに製造例5で調製した複合酸化物B5粉末を用いて上層用スラリーを調製した以外は実施例2と同様にして二層構造の触媒を調製した。
実施例2に記載の方法において、担体基材1L当り100gの下コート層のウォッシュコートの量を150gに増量し、担体基材1L当り50gの上コート層のウォッシュコートの量を30gに減量した以外は実施例2と同様にして二層構造の触媒を調製した。
実施例2に記載の方法において、製造例3で調製した複合酸化物B3粉末30質量部、活性アルミナ粉末65質量部、アルミナゾル系バインダー材(アルミナ換算量で)5質量部及び純水150質量部を用いて下層用スラリーを調製した以外は実施例2と同様にして二層構造の触媒を調製した。
実施例2に記載の方法において、製造例4で調製した複合酸化物B4粉末の代わりに製造例3で調製した複合酸化物B3粉末を用いて上層用スラリーを調製した以外は実施例2と同様にして二層構造の触媒を調製した。
実施例1に記載の方法において、製造例2で調製した複合酸化物B2粉末の代わりに製造例6で調製した複合酸化物B6粉末を用いて下層用スラリーを調製し、製造例4で調製した複合酸化物B4粉末の代わりに製造例6で調製した複合酸化物B6粉末を用いて上層用スラリーを調製した以外は実施例1と同様にして二層構造の触媒を調製した。
実施例1に記載の方法において、製造例2で調製した複合酸化物B2粉末を使用しないで活性アルミナ粉末の使用量を95質量部とし、アルミナゾル系バインダー材(アルミナ換算量で)の使用量を5質量部とし、純水の使用量を150質量部として下層用スラリーを調製した以外は実施例1と同様にして二層構造の触媒を調製した。
実施例2に記載の方法と同じ方法で製造した下層用スラリーを2種のステンレス製メタルハニカム担体(300セル、コアサイズφ30×30L、コア容量25.6ccのテストピース、及びコアサイズφ40×90L、コア容量113ccの実車評価用担体)にウォッシュコートし、乾燥させ、500℃で1時間焼成してコート層を形成した。このコート層のウォッシュコート質量は担体基材1L当り150gであった。次に、所定濃度の硝酸パラジウムと、硝酸ロジウムと白金の硝酸溶液との混合溶液に上記のコート層を形成したメタルハニカム担体を浸漬し、取り出した後500℃で1時間焼成してパラジウム、白金及びロジウムとを担持している一層構造触媒を調製した。この触媒のパラジウム担持量はPd換算で担体基材1L当り1.50gであり、白金担持量はPt換算で担体基材1L当り0.75gであり、ロジウム担持量はRh換算で担体基材1L当り0.15gであった。
実施例1〜5及び比較例1〜7で調製したそれぞれのテストピース触媒を900℃に保持した電気炉に入れ、1体積%CO−N2混合ガスを20L/minで流して24時間熱処理し、その後室温まで冷却した。次いで、下記組成のモデルガス中のHC、CO及びNOx(酸化窒素が400℃で低減される割合(浄化率)及び50%浄化率に到達する温度〔T−50(℃)〕を測定して、各々の触媒の三元浄化性能を評価した。評価条件は下記の通りであった。それらの結果は第3表に示す通りであった。
A/F=14.4、
ガス流速:25L/min、
昇温:10℃/min。
実施例1〜5及び比較例1〜7で調製したそれぞれの触媒を、実車浄化性能評価のために下記の条件により耐久を行った。
エンジン排気量:1300cc、
燃料:無鉛ガソリン、
触媒入り口ガス温度:730℃、
耐久時間:32時間、
A/F変動:燃料カット 10秒、
リッチスパイク(二次エアカット) 40秒。
使用車両:単気筒125cc自動二輪車、
燃料:無鉛ガソリン、
走行モード:図8に示す0−1200秒の範囲を1サイクルとし、車速をMAX70km/hまで引き上げたモード、
測定方法:ISO6460
上記の実車浄化性能試験で用いた自動二輪車を用い、実施例2の排気ガス浄化触媒、比較例6の排気ガス浄化触媒又は比較例7の排気ガス浄化触媒を用い、耐久距離(走行距離)と浄化率との相関関係を求めたところ、CO浄化率については図9に示す通りであり、HC浄化率については図10に示す通りであり、NOx浄化率については図11に示す通りであった。
本発明の鞍乗型車両用排気ガス浄化触媒の第一触媒層(下層)におけるNd2O3の添加効果、第一触媒層の熱安定性及びPdOの還元抑制効果を評価した。これらの検査においては第二触媒層(上層)が存在しているとRh、Ptの影響を受けて評価が困難になるため、担体に第一触媒層のみを担持させた参考触媒を用いて評価した。用いた参考触媒はそれぞれ下記のキャリアにPdを1.50g/Lの量で担持しているものである。
48CeO2−44ZrO2−6Nd2O3−2La2O3(参考触媒1)
46CeO2−36ZrO2−16Nd2O3−2La2O3(参考触媒2)
46CeO2−49ZrO2−5La2O3(参考触媒3)
46CeO2−28ZrO2−24Nd2O3−2La2O3(参考触媒4)
30CeO2−60ZrO2−8Nd2O3−2La2O3(参考触媒5)
耐久条件:
エンジン排気量:1300cc、
燃料:無鉛ガソリン、
触媒入り口ガス温度:730℃、
耐久時間:32時間、
A/F変動:燃料カット 10秒、
リッチスパイク(二次エアカット) 40秒。
Claims (7)
- セラミックス又は金属材料からなる担体の表面に形成された第一触媒層と該第一触媒層の上に形成された第二触媒層とを有し、該第一触媒層はCeO2の量が45〜70質量%であり、ZrO2の量が20〜45質量%であり、Nd2O3の量が2〜20質量%であり、La2O3の量が1〜10質量%であるセリウム−ジルコニウム系複合酸化物からなるキャリアと、該キャリアに担持された金属Pd又はPd酸化物からなる触媒成分とを有し、該第二触媒層はZrO2の量が50〜95質量%であり、CeO2の量が0〜40質量%であり、Nd2O3の量が2〜20質量%であり、La2O3の量が1〜10質量%であるジルコニウム系複合酸化物からなるキャリアと、該キャリアに担持された金属Rh又はRh酸化物からなる触媒成分とを有するか、又は該キャリアに担持された金属Rh又はRh酸化物からなる触媒成分及び金属Pt又はPt酸化物からなる触媒成分とを有することを特徴とする鞍乗型車両用排気ガス浄化触媒。
- 第一触媒層において金属Pd又はPd酸化物からなる触媒成分の量が、キャリアの質量を基準として金属Pd換算で0.3〜5質量%である請求項1記載の鞍乗型車両用排気ガス浄化触媒。
- 第二触媒層中の触媒成分が金属Rh又はRh酸化物である場合にPdの量とRhの量との質量比が金属換算でPd/Rh=1/1〜20/1であり、又第二触媒層中の触媒成分が金属Rh又はRh酸化物と金属Pt又はPt酸化物とからなる場合にPdの量とRhの量とPtの量との質量比が金属換算で(Pt+Pd)/Rh=1/1〜20/1である請求項1又は2記載の鞍乗型車両用排気ガス浄化触媒。
- 第一触媒層はキャリアと触媒成分との合計量50〜80質量%と、耐熱性アルミナ系成分10〜40質量%と、バインダー材固形分5〜20質量%とで構成されており、Pdの担持量が金属換算で触媒1L当り0.7〜5.5gである請求項1、2又は3記載の鞍乗型車両用排気ガス浄化触媒。
- 第二触媒層はキャリアと触媒成分との合計量50〜80質量%と、耐熱性アルミナ系成分10〜40質量%と、バインダー材固形分5〜20質量%とで構成されており、Pd、Rh及びPtの合計担持量が金属換算で触媒1L当り0.7〜6.5gである請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の鞍乗型車両用排気ガス浄化触媒。
- 第一触媒層の質量と第二触媒層の質量との比が1〜3:1である請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の鞍乗型車両用排気ガス浄化触媒。
- 鞍乗型車両エンジンの空燃比(A/F)の平均値が14.5以下である請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の鞍乗型車両用排気ガス浄化触媒。
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BRPI0924487B1 (pt) | 2017-11-28 |
JPWO2010109734A1 (ja) | 2012-09-27 |
CN102361691B (zh) | 2013-12-25 |
BRPI0924487A2 (pt) | 2016-02-16 |
EP2412437A1 (en) | 2012-02-01 |
EP2412437B1 (en) | 2017-12-06 |
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