JP5397336B2 - Piezoelectric vibrating piece and piezoelectric vibrator - Google Patents

Piezoelectric vibrating piece and piezoelectric vibrator Download PDF

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JP5397336B2
JP5397336B2 JP2010159534A JP2010159534A JP5397336B2 JP 5397336 B2 JP5397336 B2 JP 5397336B2 JP 2010159534 A JP2010159534 A JP 2010159534A JP 2010159534 A JP2010159534 A JP 2010159534A JP 5397336 B2 JP5397336 B2 JP 5397336B2
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智 藤井
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Daishinku Corp
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Description

本発明は、電子機器などに用いられる圧電振動片およびそれを用いた圧電振動子に関する。   The present invention relates to a piezoelectric vibrating piece used for an electronic device or the like and a piezoelectric vibrator using the same.

圧電振動子に代表される圧電振動デバイスは、携帯電話など移動体通信機などに広く用いられている。前記圧電振動子に用いられる圧電振動片の一つとして水晶振動片がある。水晶振動片は表裏主面に励振電極とこれらの励振電極を水晶振動片の端部に延出するための引出電極などが形成されている。このような水晶振動片は、上部が開口した箱状のパッケージ内部に形成された端子電極と、水晶振動片の引出電極の端部に形成された接合部(接続電極)とを導電性接合材を介して接合され、前記開口部分を蓋で気密封止することで表面実装型の水晶振動子が構成される。   Piezoelectric vibration devices represented by piezoelectric vibrators are widely used in mobile communication devices such as mobile phones. One of the piezoelectric vibrating pieces used in the piezoelectric vibrator is a quartz vibrating piece. The quartz crystal vibrating piece is formed with excitation electrodes on the front and back main surfaces and an extraction electrode for extending these excitation electrodes to the ends of the quartz crystal vibrating piece. Such a crystal vibrating piece is a conductive bonding material in which a terminal electrode formed inside a box-shaped package having an open top and a joint (connection electrode) formed at an end of the extraction electrode of the crystal vibrating piece The surface-mount type crystal resonator is configured by airtightly sealing the opening portion with a lid.

例えば特許文献1に示す水晶振動子では、水晶振動板とパッケージとを金属バンプなどの導電性接合材で電気機械的に接合しており、お互いの接合強度向上するために、水晶振動板に形成される励振電極と接続電極とで下地電極の材料と電極形成方法とを異ならせたものが開示されている。   For example, in the crystal resonator disclosed in Patent Document 1, the crystal diaphragm and the package are electromechanically bonded to each other with a conductive bonding material such as a metal bump, and are formed on the crystal diaphragm in order to improve mutual bonding strength. A material in which the material of the base electrode and the electrode forming method are different between the excitation electrode and the connection electrode are disclosed.

特開2004−104719号公報JP 2004-104719 A

しかしながら、特許文献1の構成では、電極作成のための製造工程が増えるだけでなく、電極構造も複雑なものとなる。結果としてコスト高となるだけでなく、より簡易な構成が望ましい小型化された圧電振動子には不向きな構成であった。   However, in the configuration of Patent Document 1, not only the number of manufacturing steps for electrode production increases, but also the electrode structure becomes complicated. As a result, not only is the cost high, but the configuration is unsuitable for a miniaturized piezoelectric vibrator in which a simpler configuration is desirable.

本発明は、かかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、より安価で小型化に有利な圧電振動デバイスの接合構造が得られる圧電振動片および圧電振動子を提供することを目的とするものである。   The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a piezoelectric vibrating piece and a piezoelectric vibrator that can obtain a bonded structure of a piezoelectric vibrating device that is more inexpensive and advantageous for downsizing. .

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の請求項1の構成によると、少なくとも一対の励振電極が形成され、これらの励振電極を端子電極と電気機械的に接合させるために前記励振電極からそれぞれ引き出された少なくとも一対の引出電極が形成された圧電振動片において、前記引出電極の先端部が前記圧電振動片の一主面の一端部近傍に引き出された接続電極を有し、前記接続電極の上面には前記接続電極より表面粗さが粗く平面積が小さな第1金属膜を有しており、前記第1金属膜と前記接続電極の間には前記接続電極より表面粗さが粗く、前記第1金属膜と同材質でかつ前記第1金属膜より厚みの薄い第2金属膜が形成された状態で、前記第1金属膜により端子電極と超音波接合により電気機械的に接合してなることを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, at least a pair of excitation electrodes are formed, and the excitation electrodes are respectively drawn out from the excitation electrodes to be electromechanically joined to the terminal electrodes. In the piezoelectric vibrating piece in which at least a pair of extraction electrodes is formed, the leading end portion of the extraction electrode has a connection electrode drawn out in the vicinity of one end portion of one main surface of the piezoelectric vibration piece, and the upper surface of the connection electrode Has a first metal film with a rougher surface roughness and a smaller planar area than the connection electrode, and the surface roughness between the first metal film and the connection electrode is rougher than that of the connection electrode. The second metal film is formed of the same material as the first metal film and is thinner than the first metal film, and is electromechanically bonded to the terminal electrode by ultrasonic bonding with the first metal film. It is characterized by.

上述の構成により、圧電振動片を搭載する基板に形成された端子電極などの外部電極と圧電振動片の接続電極との接合に関して、接合材を用いることなく第1金属膜により超音波接合することができるので、より小型化された端子電極や接続電極に対しても位置ずれやはみ出しが生じることない。また接続電極より表面粗さが粗く平面積が小さな第1金属膜を用いているので、外部電極に対して第1金属膜がより安定した状態で熱拡散接合され電気的機械的な接合が安定する。また第1金属膜と接続電極の間には接続電極より表面粗さが粗く、第1金属膜と同材質でかつ第1金属膜より厚みの薄い第2金属膜が形成されているので、第1金属膜より鏡面の接続電極に対しては第1金属膜より厚みの薄い第2金属膜が接合されていることで、接続電極と第2金属膜の接合強度が高まりより安定したものとなる。加えて接続電極との接合強度が高く安定した第2金属膜に対して同材質の第1金属膜が接合されていることで、第1金属膜と第2金属膜の接合強度も高まり安定したものとなる。つまり、より厚みの薄い第2金属膜を第1金属膜と接続電極の間に介在させることで、第1金属膜を直接接続電極に接合するよりも強度が向上しより安定したものとなる。特に接合用の金属膜(本発明では第1金属膜)と接続電極との間でお互いの接合強度が弱いと、超音波接合する際、あるいは接続電極との接合後に落下などの衝撃が加わった際に、接合用の金属膜(本発明では第1金属膜)と接続電極との間で機械的な応力が生じて、クラックが生じることがあり、断線するなどの不具合が生じることがあるが、本発明ではこのような不具合が生じることもない。   With the above-described configuration, ultrasonic bonding is performed using the first metal film without using a bonding material for bonding the external electrode such as the terminal electrode formed on the substrate on which the piezoelectric vibrating piece is mounted and the connection electrode of the piezoelectric vibrating piece. As a result, positional displacement and protrusion do not occur even with respect to the terminal electrodes and connection electrodes that are miniaturized. In addition, since the first metal film with a rougher surface roughness and smaller flat area than the connection electrode is used, the first metal film is more stable to the external electrode by thermal diffusion bonding and stable electromechanical bonding. To do. Further, a second metal film having a surface roughness rougher than that of the connection electrode, the same material as the first metal film, and thinner than the first metal film is formed between the first metal film and the connection electrode. Since the second metal film having a thickness smaller than that of the first metal film is bonded to the connection electrode having a mirror surface from the first metal film, the bonding strength between the connection electrode and the second metal film is increased and the connection electrode is more stable. . In addition, the bonding strength between the first metal film and the second metal film is increased and stabilized by bonding the first metal film of the same material to the stable second metal film having a high bonding strength with the connection electrode. It will be a thing. That is, by interposing the thinner second metal film between the first metal film and the connection electrode, the strength is improved and more stable than when the first metal film is directly bonded to the connection electrode. In particular, if the bonding strength between the bonding metal film (in the present invention, the first metal film) and the connection electrode is weak, an impact such as dropping was applied during ultrasonic bonding or after bonding with the connection electrode. At this time, mechanical stress may be generated between the bonding metal film (the first metal film in the present invention) and the connection electrode, cracks may be generated, and problems such as disconnection may occur. In the present invention, such a problem does not occur.

また、請求項2の構成のように、前記第2金属膜は、前記第1金属膜より平面積が大きくかつ前記接続電極より平面積が小さく形成されていてもよい。この構成により上述の作用効果に加え、接続電極の上部に位置ズレなど影響が生じにくい状態で第2金属膜がより安定して形成することができ、第2金属膜の上部に位置ズレなど影響が生じにくい状態で第1金属膜がより安定して形成することができる。また第1金属膜の接続電極側の接合領域全体に第2金属膜が介在しており、接続電極に対する第1金属膜の領域ごとの接合状態もより均一な状態となる。第2金属膜の平面積は第1金属膜より大きく形成することができるので、第2金属膜と接続電極との接合領域が拡がりお互いの接合強度も高められる。
以上の点から、第1金属膜から第2金属膜、第2金属膜から接続電極にいたる全体としての接合強度もより一層高く安定したものとすることができる。また超音波接合する際、あるいは接続電極との接合後に落下などの衝撃が加わった際に、介在用の金属膜(本発明では第2金属膜)が接合用の金属膜(本発明では第1金属膜)と接続電極との間で機械的な応力が生じも、応力を分散させクラックなどが生じる危険性がより一層なくなる。
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the second metal film may be formed to have a larger planar area than the first metal film and a smaller planar area than the connection electrode. With this configuration, in addition to the above-described effects, the second metal film can be more stably formed on the upper part of the connection electrode in a state where the influence of the positional deviation is less likely to occur. Thus, the first metal film can be more stably formed in a state where the occurrence of the occurrence of the problem is difficult. Further, the second metal film is interposed in the entire bonding region on the connection electrode side of the first metal film, and the bonding state for each region of the first metal film with respect to the connection electrode becomes more uniform. Since the planar area of the second metal film can be formed larger than that of the first metal film, the bonding region between the second metal film and the connection electrode is expanded, and the bonding strength between them is increased.
From the above points, the overall bonding strength from the first metal film to the second metal film, and from the second metal film to the connection electrode can be made higher and more stable. Further, when ultrasonic bonding is performed, or when an impact such as dropping is applied after bonding with the connection electrode, the intervening metal film (second metal film in the present invention) becomes the bonding metal film (first film in the present invention). Even if a mechanical stress is generated between the metal film) and the connection electrode, the risk that the stress is dispersed and cracks are generated is further reduced.

また、請求項3の構成のように、前記第1金属膜と第2金属膜はメッキ法により形成され、前記接続電極は蒸着法もしくはスパッタリング法により形成してもよい。この手法で構成することにより上述の作用効果に加え、接続電極に対して第1金属膜と第2金属膜の表面粗さを容易に粗く形成することができる。厚みの薄い第2金属膜はより鏡面の接続電極の上部であっても安定してメッキ膜を形成することができ、厚みの厚い第1金属膜であっても前記粗面の第2金属膜の上部に形成することで、膜境界でのメッキ膜の成長速度差の影響を小さくし安定してメッキ膜を成長させることができる。また第1金属膜と第2金属膜を形成する際に、圧電振動片に対して機械的な応力負荷を生じさせることなく、バッチ処理により行うことができより安価に作成することができ、表面面積や形状、厚みの設計自由度が極めて高くなる。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, the first metal film and the second metal film may be formed by a plating method, and the connection electrode may be formed by an evaporation method or a sputtering method. By using this method, in addition to the above-described effects, the surface roughness of the first metal film and the second metal film can be easily roughened with respect to the connection electrode. The thin second metal film can stably form a plating film even on the upper part of the mirror-like connection electrode, and the rough second metal film can be formed even if the first metal film is thick. By forming the upper portion of the film, the influence of the difference in the growth rate of the plating film at the film boundary can be reduced and the plating film can be stably grown. Moreover, when forming the first metal film and the second metal film, it can be performed by batch processing without causing mechanical stress load on the piezoelectric vibrating piece, and can be produced at a lower cost. The degree of freedom in designing the area, shape, and thickness is extremely high.

また、請求項4の構成のように、上述の圧電振動片を基板の端子電極に接合したことを特徴とする圧電振動子であってもよい。この構成により上述の作用効果が得られる圧電振動子が得られるので、安価に特性も安定したより信頼性の高い小型化にも有利な圧電振動子を提供することができる。   A piezoelectric vibrator characterized in that the above-described piezoelectric vibrating piece is bonded to a terminal electrode of a substrate as in the configuration of claim 4. With this configuration, a piezoelectric vibrator capable of obtaining the above-described effects can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to provide a piezoelectric vibrator that is inexpensive and has stable characteristics and is more reliable and more advantageous for downsizing.

以上のように、本発明によれば、安価に特性も安定したより信頼性の高い小型化にも有利な圧電振動片および圧電振動子を提供することができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a piezoelectric vibrating piece and a piezoelectric vibrator that are advantageous for miniaturization with high reliability and stable characteristics at low cost.

本発明の実施形態を示す音叉型水晶振動子の模式的な断面図。1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tuning fork type crystal resonator showing an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態を示す音叉型水晶振動片の一主面側の平面図。The top view of the one main surface side of the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece which shows embodiment of this invention. 図2のA−A線における断面図。Sectional drawing in the AA of FIG. 本発明の実施形態の変形例における断面図。Sectional drawing in the modification of embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態を示す音叉型水晶振動片の一主面側の平面図。The top view of the one main surface side of the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece which shows other embodiment of this invention.

以下、音叉型水晶振動子を例に挙げて図面とともに説明する。本実施形態で使用される音叉型水晶振動子1は、ベース3と図示しない蓋とが封止部材Hを介して接合されて筐体が構成される。具体的には、上部が開口したベースの電極パッド32上に音叉型水晶振動片2がメッキバンプなどの第1金属膜M1を介して接合され、前記ベースの開口部に対して封止部材Hを介して板状の蓋で接合した構成となっている。ここで、本実施形態では音叉型水晶振動子の公称周波数は32.768kHzとなっている。なお、前記公称周波数は一例であり、他の周波数にも適用可能である。   Hereinafter, a tuning fork type crystal resonator will be described as an example with reference to the drawings. The tuning fork type crystal resonator 1 used in the present embodiment includes a base 3 and a lid (not shown) joined via a sealing member H to form a casing. Specifically, the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 is bonded to the base electrode pad 32 having an opening at the top via a first metal film M1 such as a plating bump, and the sealing member H is connected to the opening of the base. It is the structure joined with the plate-shaped lid via. Here, in this embodiment, the nominal frequency of the tuning fork type crystal resonator is 32.768 kHz. The nominal frequency is an example and can be applied to other frequencies.

ベース3は例えばセラミック材料からなる容器体であり、焼成によって形成されている。ベース3は周囲に堤部30を有しかつ上部が開口した断面視凹形状で、当該ベース3の内部(収納部)には音叉型水晶振動片を搭載するための段差部31が形成されている。そして前記段差部の上面には、一対の電極パッド32,32(一方のみ図示)が形成されている。一対の電極パッド32,32はベース内部に形成された図示しない配線パターンを介してベース底面(裏面)に形成されている2つ以上の端子電極33,33と電気的に接続されている。ベース3の堤部30の周囲にはメタライズ層(封止部材Hの一部を構成)34が周状に形成されている。前記電極パッド32,32や端子電極33,33、メタライズ層34は例えば3層から構成されており、下からタングステン、ニッケル、金の順で積層されている。タングステンはメタライズ技術により、セラミック焼成時に一体的に形成され、ニッケル、金の各層はメッキ技術により形成される。なお、前記タングステンの層にモリブデンを使用してもよい。   The base 3 is a container body made of, for example, a ceramic material, and is formed by firing. The base 3 has an embankment 30 around it and has a concave shape in cross-section with an opening at the top. A step portion 31 for mounting a tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece is formed inside the base 3 (storage portion). Yes. A pair of electrode pads 32 and 32 (only one is shown) are formed on the upper surface of the stepped portion. The pair of electrode pads 32 and 32 are electrically connected to two or more terminal electrodes 33 and 33 formed on the bottom surface (back surface) of the base via a wiring pattern (not shown) formed inside the base. A metallized layer (constituting a part of the sealing member H) 34 is formed around the bank portion 30 of the base 3 in a circumferential shape. The electrode pads 32 and 32, the terminal electrodes 33 and 33, and the metallized layer 34 are composed of, for example, three layers, and are laminated in the order of tungsten, nickel, and gold from the bottom. Tungsten is integrally formed during ceramic firing by metallization technology, and the nickel and gold layers are formed by plating technology. Note that molybdenum may be used for the tungsten layer.

図示しない蓋は、例えば金属材料やセラミック材料、ガラス材料などからなり、平面視矩形状の一枚板に成形されている。この蓋の下面には封止材(封止部材Hの一部を構成)が形成されている。この蓋はシーム溶接やビーム溶接、加熱溶融接合などの手法により封止材を介してベース3に接合されて、蓋とベース3とによる水晶振動子1の筐体が構成される。   The lid (not shown) is made of, for example, a metal material, a ceramic material, or a glass material, and is formed into a single plate having a rectangular shape in plan view. A sealing material (constituting a part of the sealing member H) is formed on the lower surface of the lid. The lid is joined to the base 3 through a sealing material by a technique such as seam welding, beam welding, and heat-melt joining, so that the casing of the crystal unit 1 is configured by the lid and the base 3.

音叉型水晶振動片2は、図示していないが、異方性材料の水晶Z板からなる1枚の水晶ウェハに、多数個の音叉型水晶振動片がマトリックス状に一括形成されている。前記音叉型水晶振動片2の外形は、フォトリソグラフィ技術を用いて、レジストまたは金属膜をマスクとして例えばウェットエッチングによって一括的に成形されている。   Although the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 is not shown, a large number of tuning fork type crystal vibrating pieces are collectively formed in a matrix on a single crystal wafer made of a crystal Z plate made of anisotropic material. The external shape of the tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 is collectively formed by, for example, wet etching using a resist or a metal film as a mask by using a photolithography technique.

音叉型水晶振動片2は、図2に示すように、振動部である2本の第1脚部21および第2脚部22と、外部(本実施例ではベース3の電極パッド32,32)と接合する接合部23と、これら第1脚部21および第2脚部22と接合部23を突出して設けた基部25とから構成された外形からなる。   As shown in FIG. 2, the tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 includes two first leg portions 21 and second leg portions 22 that are vibration portions, and an external portion (in this embodiment, electrode pads 32 and 32 of the base 3). , And a base portion 25 provided by projecting the first leg portion 21 and the second leg portion 22 and the joint portion 23.

基部25は、平面視左右対称形状とされ、図2に示すように、振動部(第1脚部21,第2脚部22)より幅広に形成されている。また、基部25の他端面252付近が、一端面251から他端面252にかけて幅狭になるように漸次段差形成されている。このため振動部である第1脚部21および第2脚部22の振動により発生した漏れ振動を他端面252により減衰させることができ、接合部23へ漏れ振動が伝わるのを抑制することができ、音響リーク(振動漏れ)を更に低減するのに好ましい。   The base portion 25 has a left-right symmetric shape in plan view, and is formed wider than the vibrating portions (the first leg portion 21 and the second leg portion 22) as shown in FIG. Further, a step is gradually formed in the vicinity of the other end surface 252 of the base portion 25 so as to become narrower from the one end surface 251 to the other end surface 252. For this reason, the leakage vibration generated by the vibration of the first leg portion 21 and the second leg portion 22 that are the vibration portions can be attenuated by the other end surface 252, and the transmission of the leakage vibration to the joint portion 23 can be suppressed. It is preferable for further reducing acoustic leakage (vibration leakage).

2本の第1脚部21および第2脚部22は、図2に示すように、基部25の一端面251から突出して隙間部253を介して並設されている。なお、ここでいう隙間部253は、一端面251の幅方向の中央位置(中央領域)に設けられている。これら第1脚部21および第2脚部22の先端部211,221は、第1脚部21および第2脚部22の他の部位と比べて突出方向に対して直交する方向に幅広に成形され(以下、脚部の幅広領域と称する)、さらにそれぞれ隅部は曲面形成されている。このように先端部211,221を幅広に成形することで、先端部211,221(先端領域)を有効に利用することができ、音叉型水晶振動片2の小型化に有用であり、低周波数化にも有用である。また、それぞれ先端部211,221の隅部を曲面形成することで、外力を受けた時などに堤部などに接触するのを防止することができる。   As shown in FIG. 2, the two first leg portions 21 and the second leg portions 22 protrude from one end surface 251 of the base portion 25 and are arranged in parallel via a gap portion 253. In addition, the gap part 253 here is provided in the center position (central area | region) of the width direction of the one end surface 251. FIG. The tip portions 211 and 221 of the first leg portion 21 and the second leg portion 22 are formed wider in the direction perpendicular to the protruding direction than the other portions of the first leg portion 21 and the second leg portion 22. (Hereinafter, referred to as a wide region of the leg portion), and each corner is curved. By forming the tip portions 211 and 221 wide in this way, the tip portions 211 and 221 (tip regions) can be used effectively, which is useful for downsizing the tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 and has a low frequency. It is also useful for conversion. In addition, by forming the corners of the tip portions 211 and 221 as curved surfaces, it is possible to prevent contact with a bank portion or the like when receiving an external force.

また、2つの第1脚部21および第2脚部22の一主面261と他主面262には、音叉型水晶振動片2の小型化により劣化する直列共振抵抗値(本実施例ではCI値、以下同様)を改善させるために、溝部27がそれぞれ形成されている。また、音叉型水晶振動片2の外形のうち側面28は一主面261と他主面262に対して傾斜して成形されている。これは、音叉型水晶振動片2を湿式でエッチング成形する際に基板材料の結晶方向(X,Y方向)へのエッチングスピードが異なることに起因している。   In addition, on the main surface 261 and the other main surface 262 of the two first leg portions 21 and the second leg portion 22, a series resonance resistance value (CI in this embodiment) that deteriorates due to downsizing of the tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece 2. In order to improve the value (hereinafter the same), the groove portions 27 are respectively formed. Further, the side surface 28 of the outer shape of the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 is formed so as to be inclined with respect to the one main surface 261 and the other main surface 262. This is because the etching speed in the crystal direction (X, Y direction) of the substrate material is different when the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 is formed by wet etching.

接合部23は、図2に示すように、下記する引出電極293,294を外部電極(本発明でいう外部であり、本実施例ではベース3の電極パッド32,32)と電気機械的に接合するためのものである。具体的に、接合部23は、2本の第1脚部21および第2脚部22が突出した基部25の一端面251と対向する他端面252の幅方向の中央位置(中央領域)から突出形成されている。すなわち、2本の第1脚部21と第2脚部22との間に配された隙間部253と正対向する位置に、接合部23が突出形成されている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the joining portion 23 electromechanically joins the following extraction electrodes 293 and 294 to external electrodes (external in the present invention; in this embodiment, the electrode pads 32 and 32 of the base 3). Is to do. Specifically, the joint portion 23 protrudes from the center position (central region) in the width direction of the other end surface 252 facing the one end surface 251 of the base portion 25 from which the two first leg portions 21 and the second leg portions 22 protrude. Is formed. That is, the joint portion 23 is formed so as to protrude at a position that directly faces the gap portion 253 disposed between the two first leg portions 21 and the second leg portion 22.

接合部23は、基部25の他端面252に対して平面視垂直方向に突出した他端面252よりも幅狭な短辺部231と、短辺部231の先端部と連なり短辺部231の先端部において平面視直角に折曲されて基部25の幅方向に延出する長辺部232とから構成され、接合部23の先端部233は基部25の幅方向に向いている。すなわち、接合部23は、平面視L字状に成形され、平面視L字状に成形された折曲箇所である折曲部234が短辺部231の先端部に対応する。このように基部25の他端面252よりも短辺部231が幅狭な状態で形成されているので、振動漏れのさらなる抑制の効果が高まる。   The joint portion 23 is connected to the short side portion 231 narrower than the other end surface 252 that protrudes in the direction perpendicular to the other end surface 252 of the base portion 25, and the distal end portion of the short side portion 231. And a long side portion 232 that is bent at a right angle in plan view and extends in the width direction of the base portion 25, and the tip end portion 233 of the joint portion 23 faces the width direction of the base portion 25. That is, the joining portion 23 is formed in an L shape in plan view, and a bent portion 234 that is a bent portion formed in an L shape in plan view corresponds to the tip portion of the short side portion 231. Thus, since the short side part 231 is formed in a narrower state than the other end face 252 of the base part 25, the effect of further suppressing vibration leakage is enhanced.

また、本実施例では、接合部23の基端部にあたる短辺部231の折曲部234が、外部と接合する接合領域とされ、接合部23の先端部233にあたる長辺部232の先端部が、外部と接合する接合領域とされる。そして、接合部23の基端部である短辺部231には下記する第2励振電極292から短辺部231の端部(一端部へ)引き出された引出電極294(本発明でいう接続電極)が形成され、接合部の先端部である長辺部232に、下記する第1励振電極291から長辺部232の端部(一端部へ)引き出された引出電極293(本発明でいう接続電極)が形成されている。   Further, in this embodiment, the bent portion 234 of the short side portion 231 corresponding to the base end portion of the joint portion 23 is a joint region to be joined to the outside, and the tip portion of the long side portion 232 corresponding to the tip portion 233 of the joint portion 23. Is a joining region to be joined to the outside. A short side portion 231 that is a base end portion of the joint portion 23 is an extraction electrode 294 (a connection electrode referred to in the present invention) drawn from an end portion (to one end portion) of the short side portion 231 from a second excitation electrode 292 described below. ) Is formed, and the extraction electrode 293 (the connection in the present invention) is drawn from the first excitation electrode 291 described below to the end (to one end) of the long side 232 on the long side 232 which is the tip of the joint. Electrode).

また、接合部の一主面261の引出電極293,294の上面で、ベース3との接合部位となる箇所には、接続電極295,296より表面粗さが粗く平面積が小さな第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)が形成されている。第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)の上面には、第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)と同材質で接続電極295,296より表面粗さが粗く、第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)より平面積が小さく、かつ第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)より厚みの厚いメッキバンプとしての第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)が形成されている。   In addition, on the upper surface of the extraction electrodes 293 and 294 on the one principal surface 261 of the joint portion, the second metal film having a rougher surface roughness and a smaller plane area than the connection electrodes 295 and 296 is provided at a portion to be a joint portion with the base 3. M2 (M21, M22) is formed. On the upper surface of the second metal film M2 (M21, M22), the second metal film M2 (M21, M22) is made of the same material as the second metal film M2 (M21, M22) and has a rougher surface roughness than the connection electrodes 295, 296. The first metal film M1 (M11, M12) is formed as a plating bump having a smaller planar area and thicker than the second metal film M2 (M21, M22).

具体的に、第1金属膜M11は接合部の一主面の折曲部234の接続電極296の上面に、第1金属膜M11と同材質で第1金属膜M11より平面積が大きくかつ接続電極296より平面積が小さく、第1金属膜M11より厚みの薄い第2金属膜M21を介在した状態で形成されている。第1金属膜M12は接合部の一主面の先端部233の接続電極295の上面に、第1金属膜M12と同材質で第1金属膜M12より平面積が大きくかつ接続電極295より平面積が小さく、第1金属膜M12より厚みの薄い第2金属膜M22を介在した状態で形成されている。また第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)は、第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)の平面積の1.2倍から3倍の大きさで形成されている。例えば第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)は、その厚みが1〜2μm程度、一辺が70μm程度で平面積が4900μm2の平面視正方形状で形成されており、第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)は、その厚みが5〜20μm程度、直径が50μm程度で平面積が約1962.5μm2の平面視円形状で形成されている。なお、超音波接合後(FCB後)には少なくとも第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)は面方向に拡がって潰れた状態となり、約半分程度の厚みになる。第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)の厚みが5μmより小さいと、音叉型水晶振動片2の接続電極295,296とベース3の電極パッド32,32との隙間が小さくなり、音叉型水晶振動子の電気的特性に悪影響を生じやすくなる。第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)の厚みが20μmより大きいと、音叉型水晶振動片2の傾きや位置ずれの影響が生じやすくなり、接合強度としてもばらつきが生じやすくなる。なお、メッキバンプとしての第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)の平面視形状、および中間メッキバンプとしての第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)の平面視形状は、接続電極などの平面視形状に応じて、円形や楕円形などの円形状のものや、長方形や正方形を含む多角形状のものなど自由に構成することができる。 Specifically, the first metal film M11 is connected to the upper surface of the connection electrode 296 of the bent portion 234 on one main surface of the joint portion and is the same material as the first metal film M11 and has a larger plane area than the first metal film M11. The second metal film M21 having a smaller planar area than the electrode 296 and thinner than the first metal film M11 is formed. The first metal film M12 has the same area as the first metal film M12 on the upper surface of the connection electrode 295 at the front end 233 of one main surface of the joint portion, and has a larger area than the first metal film M12 and a larger area than the connection electrode 295. Is formed with a second metal film M22 having a smaller thickness than the first metal film M12. The second metal film M2 (M21, M22) is formed to have a size that is 1.2 to 3 times the plane area of the first metal film M1 (M11, M12). For example, the second metal film M2 (M21, M22) is formed in a square shape in a plan view having a thickness of about 1 to 2 μm, a side of about 70 μm, and a plane area of 4900 μm 2 , and the first metal film M1 (M11, M11, M2). M12) is formed in a circular shape in plan view having a thickness of about 5 to 20 μm, a diameter of about 50 μm, and a plane area of about 1962.5 μm 2 . Note that after ultrasonic bonding (after FCB), at least the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) expands in the surface direction and is crushed, and has a thickness of about half. If the thickness of the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) is smaller than 5 μm, the gap between the connection electrodes 295, 296 of the tuning-fork type quartz vibrating piece 2 and the electrode pads 32, 32 of the base 3 becomes small, and the tuning-fork type quartz vibration This tends to adversely affect the electrical characteristics of the child. If the thickness of the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) is greater than 20 μm, the tuning fork-type crystal vibrating piece 2 is likely to be affected by the inclination and displacement, and the bonding strength is also likely to vary. The plan view shape of the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) as the plating bump and the plan view shape of the second metal film M2 (M21, M22) as the intermediate plating bump are the plan view shapes of the connection electrodes and the like. Depending on the shape, a circular shape such as a circle or an ellipse, or a polygonal shape including a rectangle or a square can be freely configured.

接合部23への第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)および第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)の形成に関しては、接合部23の各領域(接続電極295,296の上面)に図示しない第2金属膜の形成部(接続電極295,296より平面積の小さい窓部を有するマスク)をフォトリソグラフィ法により所望の形状(本形態では矩形状の窓部)に形成して、当該第2金属膜の形成部に第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)を電解メッキ法などの手法によりメッキ形成する。第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)の各領域(第2金属膜M2の上面)に図示しない第1金属膜の形成部(第2金属膜M2より平面積の小さい窓部を有するマスク)をフォトリソグラフィ法により所望の形状(本形態では円形状の窓部)に形成して、当該第1金属膜の形成部に第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)を電解メッキ法などの手法によりメッキ形成する。その後、アニール処理を行ってもよい。   Regarding the formation of the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) and the second metal film M2 (M21, M22) at the junction 23, the first region (not shown) in each region of the junction 23 (upper surfaces of the connection electrodes 295, 296). A second metal film forming portion (a mask having a window portion having a smaller plane area than the connection electrodes 295 and 296) is formed into a desired shape (in this embodiment, a rectangular window portion) by photolithography, and the second metal A second metal film M2 (M21, M22) is formed by plating on the film forming portion by a technique such as electrolytic plating. A first metal film formation portion (mask having a window area smaller than that of the second metal film M2) (not shown) is formed in each region (upper surface of the second metal film M2) of the second metal film M2 (M21, M22). A desired shape (circular window portion in this embodiment) is formed by photolithography, and the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) is plated on the first metal film formation portion by a technique such as electrolytic plating. Form. Thereafter, an annealing treatment may be performed.

なお、上記第2金属膜M2については、図4の変形例における音叉型水晶振動片の断面図に示すように、第1金属膜M1と接続電極より平面積が小さく、かつ第1金属膜M1より厚みの薄い第2金属膜M2(M23,M24)を介在した状態で形成してもよい。また図示しないがこの第2金属膜M2は、1つの第1金属膜M1の下に2つ以上のものを介在させてもよい。このような構成による第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)の形成に関しては、接続電極295,296と第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)の各領域(接続電極と第2金属膜の上面)に図示しない第1金属膜の形成部(第2金属膜M2より平面積の大きい窓部を有するマスク)をフォトリソグラフィ法により所望の形状に形成して、当該第1金属膜の形成部に第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)を電解メッキ法などの手法によりメッキ形成する。その後、アニール処理を行ってもよい。以上のような構成では、第2金属膜M2がアンカーとして機能することで、最終的な第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)と接続電極295,296との接合強度も高まり安定したものとなる。さらにこのような第2金属膜が複数介在する多点アンカーとすることでその接合強度はより一層高まるものである。   The second metal film M2 has a smaller plane area than the first metal film M1 and the connection electrode and has the first metal film M1 as shown in the sectional view of the tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece in the modification of FIG. You may form in the state which interposed 2nd metal film M2 (M23, M24) with thinner thickness. Although not shown, two or more second metal films M2 may be interposed under one first metal film M1. Regarding the formation of the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) having such a configuration, each region of the connection electrodes 295, 296 and the second metal film M2 (M21, M22) (upper surface of the connection electrode and the second metal film). A first metal film formation portion (a mask having a window having a larger area than the second metal film M2) is formed in a desired shape by photolithography, and the first metal film formation portion is formed on the first metal film formation portion. One metal film M1 (M11, M12) is plated by a technique such as electrolytic plating. Thereafter, an annealing treatment may be performed. In the configuration as described above, the second metal film M2 functions as an anchor, so that the bonding strength between the final first metal film M1 (M11, M12) and the connection electrodes 295, 296 is increased and stabilized. . Furthermore, the joint strength is further increased by using a multipoint anchor in which a plurality of such second metal films are interposed.

また、本実施例にかかる音叉型水晶振動片2には、異電位で構成された2つの第1励振電極291および第2励振電極292と、これら第1励振電極291および第2励振電極292を電極パッド32,32に電気的に接続させるためにこれら第1励振電極291および第2励振電極292から引き出された引出電極293,294と、その先端部に金属膜M1,M2が形成される接続電極295,296とが一体的に同時形成されている。なお、本実施例でいう引出電極293,294は、2つのこれら第1励振電極291および第2励振電極292から引き出された電極パターンのことをいう。接続電極295,296は、引出電極293,294の先端部分のうちベース3との接合部位となる箇所に形成されたものを示している。   In addition, the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 according to the present embodiment includes two first excitation electrodes 291 and 292 having different potentials, and these first excitation electrode 291 and second excitation electrode 292. Lead electrodes 293 and 294 drawn from the first and second excitation electrodes 291 and 292 in order to be electrically connected to the electrode pads 32 and 32, and metal films M1 and M2 are formed at the tip portions thereof The electrodes 295 and 296 are integrally formed at the same time. Note that the extraction electrodes 293 and 294 in the present embodiment refer to electrode patterns extracted from the two first excitation electrodes 291 and the second excitation electrodes 292. The connection electrodes 295 and 296 indicate those formed at locations where the leading electrodes of the extraction electrodes 293 and 294 are joined to the base 3.

また、2つの第1励振電極291および第2励振電極292の一部は、溝部27の内部に形成されている。このため、音叉型水晶振動片2を小型化しても第1脚部21および第2脚部22の振動損失が抑制され、CI値を低く抑えることができる。   Further, a part of the two first excitation electrodes 291 and the second excitation electrode 292 are formed inside the groove 27. For this reason, even if the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 is downsized, the vibration loss of the first leg portion 21 and the second leg portion 22 is suppressed, and the CI value can be suppressed low.

第1励振電極291は、第1脚部21の両主面(一主面261と他主面262)と第2脚部22の両側面28に形成されている。同様に、第2励振電極292は、第2脚部22の両主面(一主面261と他主面262)と第1脚部21の両側面28に形成されている。   The first excitation electrode 291 is formed on both main surfaces (one main surface 261 and the other main surface 262) of the first leg portion 21 and both side surfaces 28 of the second leg portion 22. Similarly, the second excitation electrode 292 is formed on both main surfaces (one main surface 261 and the other main surface 262) of the second leg portion 22 and both side surfaces 28 of the first leg portion 21.

上記した音叉型水晶振動片2の第1励振電極291および第2励振電極292や引出電極293,294、接続電極295,296は、金属蒸着によって各第1脚部21および第2脚部22上にクロム(Cr)層が形成され、このクロム層上に金(Au)層が形成されて構成される薄膜である。この薄膜は、真空蒸着法やスパッタリング法などの手法により基板全面に形成された後、フォトリソグラフィ法によりメタルエッチングして所望の形状に形成されることで、一体的に同時形成される。なお、第1励振電極291,第2励振電極292および引出電極293,294がクロム(Cr),金(Au)の順に形成されているが、例えば、クロム(Cr),銀(Ag)の順や,クロム(Cr),金(Au),クロム(Cr)の順や,クロム(Cr),銀(Ag),クロム(Cr)の順などであってもよい。   The first excitation electrode 291 and the second excitation electrode 292, the extraction electrodes 293 and 294, and the connection electrodes 295 and 296 of the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 are formed on the first leg portion 21 and the second leg portion 22 by metal deposition. A thin film formed by forming a chromium (Cr) layer on the chromium layer and forming a gold (Au) layer on the chromium layer. The thin film is formed on the entire surface of the substrate by a technique such as vacuum vapor deposition or sputtering, and then formed into a desired shape by metal etching by photolithography. The first excitation electrode 291, the second excitation electrode 292, and the extraction electrodes 293, 294 are formed in the order of chromium (Cr) and gold (Au). For example, the order of chromium (Cr) and silver (Ag) is provided. Alternatively, the order may be chromium (Cr), gold (Au), chromium (Cr), chromium (Cr), silver (Ag), chromium (Cr).

また、各第1脚部21および第2脚部22の先端部211,221の一主面261と他主面262には、上記した脚部の幅広領域に対してほぼ全面に引出電極293,294がそれぞれ形成されている。これら一主面261の脚部の幅広領域に形成された引出電極293,294の上面には、レーザービームなどのビーム照射によって金属膜の質量削減を行うことで音叉型水晶振動片2の周波数を調整してなる調整用金属膜(周波数調整用錘)M3が前記引出電極に対して若干小さな面積で一体形成されている。   In addition, the leading electrodes 211 and 221 of the first leg portion 21 and the second leg portion 22 have one main surface 261 and another main surface 262 on the entire surface with respect to the wide region of the above-described leg portion. 294 is formed. On the upper surfaces of the extraction electrodes 293 and 294 formed in the wide regions of the legs of the one main surface 261, the frequency of the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 is reduced by reducing the mass of the metal film by irradiation with a beam such as a laser beam. An adjustment metal film (frequency adjustment weight) M3 formed by adjustment is integrally formed with the extraction electrode in a slightly small area.

上記調整用金属膜M3は、例えば、各領域の引出電極293,294に調整用金属膜の形成部をフォトリソグラフィ法により所望の形状に形成して、当該調整金属膜の形成部に調整用金属膜M3を電解メッキ法などの手法によりメッキ形成する。その後、アニール処理を行ってもよい。これらの金属膜をメッキ形成する際には、上記した第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)あるいは第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)の少なくとも1つ以上と同じ工程で同時に構成すると実用上より望ましい。   The adjustment metal film M3 is formed, for example, by forming a formation portion of the adjustment metal film in a desired shape on the extraction electrodes 293 and 294 in each region by a photolithography method, and forming the adjustment metal film on the formation portion of the adjustment metal film. The film M3 is plated by a technique such as electrolytic plating. Thereafter, an annealing treatment may be performed. When these metal films are formed by plating, it is practically possible to form them simultaneously in the same process as at least one of the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) or the second metal film M2 (M21, M22). desirable.

以上のように構成された音叉型水晶振動片2は、上記ウェハの状態の際に各々の音叉型水晶振動片2の周波数を計測した後、各々の音叉型水晶振動片2の調整用金属膜M3をビーム照射などで減少させたり、パーシャル蒸着により増加させたりすることで、周波数の粗調整している。   The tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 configured as described above measures the frequency of each tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 in the state of the wafer, and then adjusts the metal film for adjustment of each tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2. The frequency is roughly adjusted by decreasing M3 by beam irradiation or increasing it by partial vapor deposition.

周波数粗調整が施されウェハから取り出された個片の音叉型水晶振動片2は、その一主面261側の接続電極295,296の上面に形成された第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)とベース3の電極パッド32,32とがFCB法により超音波接合され、ベース3に搭載される。   The individual tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 that has been subjected to coarse frequency adjustment and taken out from the wafer has a first metal film M1 (M11, M12) formed on the upper surface of the connection electrodes 295, 296 on the one main surface 261 side. The electrode pads 32 and 32 of the base 3 are ultrasonically bonded by the FCB method and mounted on the base 3.

ベース3に搭載された音叉型水晶振動片2は、周波数を再計測した後、音叉型水晶振動片2の調整用金属膜M3をビーム照射やイオンミーリングなどで減少させることで、周波数の微調整する最終の周波数調整を行っている。   The tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 mounted on the base 3 is finely adjusted by reducing the frequency of the frequency of the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 and adjusting the metal film M3 for adjusting the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 by beam irradiation or ion milling. The final frequency adjustment is performed.

その後、最終の周波数調整が行われた音叉型水晶振動片2が搭載されたベース3に対して、図示しない蓋を加熱溶融接合などの手法により封止部材Hを介して接合し、音叉型水晶振動片2をベース3と図示しない蓋とで構成された筐体の内部に気密封止する。なお上述の気密封止の手法として、シーム溶接、ビーム溶接、雰囲気加熱などの手法をあげることができる。   Thereafter, a lid (not shown) is joined to the base 3 on which the tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 having been subjected to the final frequency adjustment is mounted via a sealing member H by a technique such as heating and melting, and the tuning-fork type crystal. The resonator element 2 is hermetically sealed inside a housing constituted by a base 3 and a lid (not shown). Examples of the above-described hermetic sealing methods include seam welding, beam welding, and atmosphere heating.

次に本発明の他の実施形態について図5とともに説明する。図5は本発明の他の実施形態を示す音叉型水晶振動片の一主面側の平面図である。上記実施形態と同様の部分については同番号を付しており説明の一部について割愛している。図5に示す実施形態では、2つの第1脚部21および第2脚部22の一主面261と他主面262(図示せず)には溝部が形成されておらず、2つの第1脚部21および第2脚部22の先端部211,221には脚部の幅広領域が形成されておらずストレート形状の音叉型水晶振動片2を使用している。また音叉型水晶振動片2の接合部23をなくした構成とするとともに、各脚部21,22と基部25の間には音叉型水晶振動片の側面28から延出する切り欠き部K,Kが形成されている。また音叉型水晶振動片2の基部25の領域内部で図示しないベースと接合される。このように構成された音叉型水晶振動片2はよりサイズの大きな音叉型水晶振動片などで用いられることが多く、上述の音叉型水晶振動片2に対してより簡易で安価な構成とすることができる。本発明ではこのように簡易な構成の音叉型水晶振動片2に対しても適用することができる。すなわち、基部25の一主面261の引出電極293,294の上面で、ベース3との接合部位となる箇所(図5では基部の他端面252に接した角部分2521,2522に近接する位置)には、接続引出電極295,296より表面粗さが粗く平面積が小さな第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)が形成されている。第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)の上面には、第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)と同材質で引出電極293,294より表面粗さが粗く、第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)より平面積が小さく、かつ第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)より厚みの厚いメッキバンプとしての第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)が形成されている。   Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a plan view of one main surface side of a tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece showing another embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the above embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and a part of the description is omitted. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, no groove is formed on one main surface 261 and the other main surface 262 (not shown) of the two first leg portions 21 and the second leg portion 22. The leg portions 21 and the distal end portions 211 and 221 of the second leg portion 22 are not formed with wide leg regions, and the tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 having a straight shape is used. In addition, the joint portion 23 of the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 is eliminated, and notches K and K extending from the side surface 28 of the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece between the leg portions 21 and 22 and the base portion 25. Is formed. Further, it is joined to a base (not shown) within the region of the base 25 of the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2. The tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 configured in this way is often used for a tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece having a larger size, and the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 has a simpler and less expensive structure than the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 described above. Can do. The present invention can also be applied to the tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 having such a simple configuration. In other words, on the upper surface of the extraction electrodes 293 and 294 on one main surface 261 of the base portion 25, the locations to be joined to the base 3 (positions close to the corner portions 2521 and 2522 in contact with the other end surface 252 of the base portion in FIG. 5). The second metal film M2 (M21, M22) having a rougher surface roughness and a smaller plane area than the connection extraction electrodes 295, 296 is formed. The upper surface of the second metal film M2 (M21, M22) is made of the same material as the second metal film M2 (M21, M22) and has a rougher surface roughness than the extraction electrodes 293, 294, and the second metal film M2 (M21, M22). The first metal film M1 (M11, M12) is formed as a plating bump having a smaller planar area and thicker than the second metal film M2 (M21, M22).

以上のような構成により、接合材にメッキバンプとしての第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)を用いることで、より小型化された電極パッド32,32や接続電極295,296に対しても位置ずれやはみ出しが生じることない。安定してベース3上に音叉型水晶振動片2を第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)により電気機械的に接合することができる。具体的に、メッキバンプとしての第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)を用いることで、音叉型水晶振動片2を外部(ベース3)に搭載する前に、音叉型水晶振動片2にメッキバンプとしての第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)を形成することができる。その結果、常に音叉型水晶振動片2の所望の形成位置にメッキバンプとしての第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)を形成しているので、例えば、音叉型水晶振動片2の外部(ベース3)への搭載位置が所望位置からずれた場合であっても、音叉型水晶振動片2が外部(ベース3)にバンプがずれた状態で搭載されることを防止することができ、安定したベース3への音叉型水晶振動片2の搭載を行うことができる。また接続電極295,296より表面粗さが粗く平面積が小さな第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)を用いているので、電極パッド32,32に対して第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)がより安定した状態で熱拡散接合され電気的機械的な接合が安定する。また第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)と接続電極295,296の間には接続電極295,296より表面粗さが粗く、第1金属膜と同材質でかつ第1金属膜より厚みの薄い第2金属膜M2(M21,M22、あるいはM23,M24)が介在した状態で形成されているので、接続電極295,296と第2金属膜M2(M21,M22、あるいはM23,M24)の接合強度が高まりより安定したものとなるだけでなく、第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)と第2金属膜M2(M21,M22、あるいはM23,M24)の接合強度も高まり安定したものとなる。また、接合領域とされた接合部23の基端部である短辺部231に、フォトリソグラフィ法により第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)および第2金属膜M2(M21,M22、あるいはM23,M24)が形成されるので、第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)および第2金属膜M2(M21,M22、あるいはM23,M24)を音叉型水晶振動片2に形成する際の位置決め精度を高めて、音叉型水晶振動片2の接合部23が小さくなった場合であっても、音叉型水晶振動片2の適切な位置へ接合部材として第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)を形成することができる。また、第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)、または第2金属膜M2(M21,M22、あるいはM23,M24)の少なくとも1つ以上の形成を、音叉型水晶振動片2の他の金属材料の形成と一括して行うことができる。特に音叉型水晶振動片2であれば、第1脚部21および第2脚部22の先端に形成される後述する調整用金属膜M3と第1金属膜M1あるいは第2金属膜M3の少なくとも1つ以上と同時形成することで、不要な工程を増加させることがなくなり、タクトを向上させることができる。   With the configuration as described above, the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) as the plating bump is used as the bonding material, so that the position can be reduced with respect to the electrode pads 32 and 32 and the connection electrodes 295 and 296 that are further downsized. Misalignment and protrusion do not occur. The tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 can be stably electromechanically joined to the base 3 by the first metal film M1 (M11, M12). Specifically, by using the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) as a plating bump, the plating fork crystal vibrating piece 2 is plated bump before the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 is mounted on the outside (base 3). As a first metal film M1 (M11, M12) can be formed. As a result, since the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) as the plating bump is always formed at a desired formation position of the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2, for example, outside the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 (base 3). ) Even if the mounting position of the tuning fork type quartz crystal resonator element 2 is deviated from the desired position, it is possible to prevent the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 from being mounted on the outside (base 3) in a state where the bumps are deviated. The tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 can be mounted on 3. In addition, since the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) having a rougher surface roughness and a smaller plane area than the connection electrodes 295, 296 is used, the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) with respect to the electrode pads 32, 32 is used. The heat diffusion bonding is performed in a more stable state, and the electromechanical bonding is stabilized. Further, the surface roughness between the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) and the connection electrodes 295, 296 is rougher than that of the connection electrodes 295, 296, is the same material as the first metal film, and is thinner than the first metal film. Since the second metal film M2 (M21, M22, or M23, M24) is interposed, the bonding strength between the connection electrodes 295, 296 and the second metal film M2 (M21, M22, or M23, M24) is formed. As a result, the bonding strength between the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) and the second metal film M2 (M21, M22, or M23, M24) increases and becomes stable. Further, a first metal film M1 (M11, M12) and a second metal film M2 (M21, M22, or M23, M) are formed on the short side portion 231 that is a base end portion of the joint portion 23, which is a joint region, by photolithography. M24) is formed, so that the positioning accuracy when the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) and the second metal film M2 (M21, M22, or M23, M24) are formed on the tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 is improved. Thus, even when the joint 23 of the tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece 2 is small, the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) is formed as a joining member at an appropriate position of the tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece 2. Can do. In addition, at least one or more of the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) or the second metal film M2 (M21, M22, or M23, M24) is formed of another metal material of the tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece 2. It can be performed together with formation. In particular, in the case of the tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece 2, at least one of the adjustment metal film M3 and the first metal film M1 or the second metal film M3, which will be described later, formed at the tips of the first leg portion 21 and the second leg portion 22. By forming simultaneously with one or more, unnecessary steps are not increased and tact can be improved.

また、第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)は、第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)より平面積が大きくかつ接続電極295,296より平面積が小さく形成されているので、接続電極295,296の上部に位置ズレなど影響が生じにくい状態で第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)がより安定して形成することができ、第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)の上部に位置ズレなど影響が生じにくい状態で第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)がより安定して形成することができる。また第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)の接続電極295,296側の接合領域全体に第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)が介在しており、接続電極295,296に対する第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)の領域ごとの接合状態もより均一な状態となる。第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)の平面積は第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)より大きく形成することができるので、第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)と接続電極295,296との接合領域が拡がりお互いの接合強度も高められる。以上の点から、第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)から第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)、第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)から接続電極295,296にいたる全体としての接合強度もより一層高く安定したものとすることができる。また超音波接合する際、あるいは接続電極295,296との接合後に落下などの衝撃が加わった際に、第2金属膜M2(M21,M22)が第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)と接続電極295,296との間で機械的な応力が生じも、応力を分散させクラックなどが生じる危険性がより一層なくなる。   Further, since the second metal film M2 (M21, M22) has a larger planar area than the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) and a smaller planar area than the connection electrodes 295, 296, the connection electrode 295, The second metal film M2 (M21, M22) can be more stably formed on the top of the 296 in a state in which an influence such as a position deviation is less likely to occur, and the position misalignment, etc. on the second metal film M2 (M21, M22). The first metal film M <b> 1 (M <b> 11, M <b> 12) can be formed more stably in a state where the influence is difficult to occur. In addition, the second metal film M2 (M21, M22) is interposed in the entire junction region on the connection electrodes 295, 296 side of the first metal film M1 (M11, M12), and the first metal film M1 with respect to the connection electrodes 295, 296 is present. The joining state for each region (M11, M12) is also more uniform. Since the plane area of the second metal film M2 (M21, M22) can be formed larger than that of the first metal film M1 (M11, M12), the second metal film M2 (M21, M22), the connection electrodes 295, 296, This increases the bonding area and increases the bonding strength of each other. From the above points, the overall bonding strength from the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) to the second metal film M2 (M21, M22) and the second metal film M2 (M21, M22) to the connection electrodes 295, 296 is as a whole. Can be made even higher and more stable. In addition, when ultrasonic bonding is performed or when an impact such as dropping is applied after bonding to the connection electrodes 295 and 296, the second metal film M2 (M21, M22) is connected to the first metal film M1 (M11, M12). Even when a mechanical stress is generated between the electrodes 295 and 296, the risk that the stress is dispersed and cracks are generated is further reduced.

また、第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)と第2金属膜M2(M21,M22、あるいはM23,M24)はメッキ法により形成され、接続電極295,296は真空蒸着法もしくはスパッタリング法により形成しているので、接続電極295,296に対して第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)と第2金属膜M2(M21,M22、あるいはM23,M24)の表面粗さを容易に粗く形成することができる。厚みの薄い第2金属膜M2(M21,M22、あるいはM23,M24)はより鏡面の接続電極295,296の上部であっても安定してメッキ膜を形成することができ、厚みの厚い第1金属膜M1(M11,M12)であっても前記粗面の第2金属膜M2(M21,M22、あるいはM23,M24)の上部に形成することで、膜境界でのメッキ膜の成長速度差の影響を小さくし安定してメッキ膜を成長させることができる。また第1金属膜M2(M21,M22)と第2金属膜M2(M21,M22、あるいはM23,M24)を形成する際に、音叉型水晶振動片2に対して機械的な応力負荷を生じさせることなく、バッチ処理により行うことができより安価に作成することができ、表面面積や形状、厚みの設計自由度が極めて高くなる。   The first metal film M1 (M11, M12) and the second metal film M2 (M21, M22, or M23, M24) are formed by plating, and the connection electrodes 295, 296 are formed by vacuum evaporation or sputtering. Therefore, the surface roughness of the first metal film M1 (M11, M12) and the second metal film M2 (M21, M22, or M23, M24) can be easily roughened with respect to the connection electrodes 295,296. it can. The thin second metal film M2 (M21, M22, or M23, M24) can stably form a plating film even on the upper part of the connection electrodes 295, 296 having a more mirror surface. Even if the metal film M1 (M11, M12) is formed on the rough second metal film M2 (M21, M22, or M23, M24), the difference in the growth rate of the plating film at the film boundary can be reduced. The plating film can be grown stably with less influence. Further, when the first metal film M2 (M21, M22) and the second metal film M2 (M21, M22, or M23, M24) are formed, a mechanical stress load is generated on the tuning fork type crystal vibrating piece 2. Therefore, it can be performed by batch processing and can be produced at a lower cost, and the degree of freedom in designing the surface area, shape, and thickness becomes extremely high.

本発明は、その精神または主要な特徴から逸脱することなく、他のいろいろな形で実施することができる。そのため、上述の実施の形態はあらゆる点で単なる例示にすぎず、限定的に解釈してはならない。本発明の範囲は特許請求の範囲によって示すものであって、明細書本文には、なんら拘束されない。さらに、特許請求の範囲の均など範囲に属する変形や変更は、全て本発明の範囲内のものである。本発明は、屈曲振動してなる音叉型圧電振動片に限らず、ATカットなどの厚みすべり振動系や他の振動モードの圧電振動片、あるいは平板形状や逆メサ形状などの他の形状の圧電振動片にも適用できる。   The present invention can be implemented in various other forms without departing from the spirit or main features thereof. Therefore, the above-described embodiment is merely an example in all respects and should not be interpreted in a limited manner. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims, and is not restricted by the text of the specification. Further, all modifications and changes belonging to the scope of the claims are within the scope of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to a tuning-fork type piezoelectric vibrating piece formed by bending vibration, but a thickness-shear vibration system such as an AT cut, a piezoelectric vibrating piece of another vibration mode, or a piezoelectric plate having another shape such as a flat plate shape or an inverted mesa shape. It can also be applied to vibrating pieces.

本発明は、音叉型水晶振動子などの圧電振動デバイスに適用できる。   The present invention can be applied to a piezoelectric vibration device such as a tuning fork type crystal resonator.

1 音叉型水晶振動子
2 音叉型水晶振動片
3 ベース
1 Tuning Fork Crystal Resonator 2 Tuning Fork Crystal Resonator 3 Base

Claims (4)

少なくとも一対の励振電極が形成され、これらの励振電極を端子電極と電気機械的に接合させるために前記励振電極からそれぞれ引き出された少なくとも一対の引出電極が形成された圧電振動片において、
前記引出電極の先端部が前記圧電振動片の一主面の一端部近傍に引き出された接続電極を有し、
前記接続電極の上面には前記接続電極より表面粗さが粗く平面積が小さな第1金属膜を有しており、
前記第1金属膜と前記接続電極の間には前記接続電極より表面粗さが粗く、前記第1金属膜と同材質でかつ前記第1金属膜より厚みの薄い第2金属膜が形成された状態で、前記第1金属膜により端子電極と超音波接合により電気機械的に接合してなることを特徴とする圧電振動片。
In the piezoelectric vibrating piece in which at least a pair of excitation electrodes are formed, and at least a pair of extraction electrodes respectively extracted from the excitation electrodes to electromechanically join these excitation electrodes with the terminal electrodes,
A leading end of the lead electrode has a connection electrode drawn near one end of one main surface of the piezoelectric vibrating piece;
The upper surface of the connection electrode has a first metal film with a rougher surface roughness and a smaller plane area than the connection electrode,
Between the first metal film and the connection electrode, a second metal film having a surface roughness rougher than that of the connection electrode, the same material as the first metal film, and thinner than the first metal film is formed. In this state, the piezoelectric vibrating piece is formed by being electromechanically bonded to the terminal electrode by ultrasonic bonding with the first metal film.
前記第2金属膜は、前記第1金属膜より平面積が大きくかつ前記接続電極より平面積が小さく形成されていることを特徴とする特許請求項1記載の圧電振動片。 2. The piezoelectric vibrating piece according to claim 1, wherein the second metal film has a larger planar area than the first metal film and a smaller planar area than the connection electrode. 前記第1金属膜と第2金属膜はメッキ法により形成され、前記接続電極は蒸着法もしくはスパッタリング法により形成されてなることを特徴とする特許請求項1または特許請求項2記載の圧電振動片。 3. The piezoelectric vibrating piece according to claim 1, wherein the first metal film and the second metal film are formed by a plating method, and the connection electrode is formed by a vapor deposition method or a sputtering method. . 特許請求項1乃至3記載の圧電振動片を基板の端子電極に接合したことを特徴とする圧電振動子。   4. A piezoelectric vibrator comprising the piezoelectric vibrating piece according to claim 1 bonded to a terminal electrode of a substrate.
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