JP5379305B2 - 椎間関節治療のためのシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
椎間関節治療のためのシステムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5379305B2 JP5379305B2 JP2012521789A JP2012521789A JP5379305B2 JP 5379305 B2 JP5379305 B2 JP 5379305B2 JP 2012521789 A JP2012521789 A JP 2012521789A JP 2012521789 A JP2012521789 A JP 2012521789A JP 5379305 B2 JP5379305 B2 JP 5379305B2
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- facet joint
- joint
- surface replacement
- tooth
- tip
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- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
- A61F2250/0096—Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers
- A61F2250/0098—Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers radio-opaque, e.g. radio-opaque markers
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Description
。この挿入の一環として、下側表面置換体は、椎間関節への挿入の際、椎間関節の圧縮力に応じて、下関節面の形状と実質的に適合する比較的平らな状態から挿入状態へと移行する。最終挿入の際、上側表面置換体の前記関節面は、下側表面置換体の前記関節面に摺動自在に隣接し、それによって、椎間関節痛を軽減する。幾つかの実施形態において、方法は、椎間関節の正常な健常骨の外科的除去の不在によって特徴付けられ、表面置換体は、経皮的技術を通して同時に挿入される。
6は、特定の位置付けにおいて、椎間関節中により容易に挿入され、後に椎間関節内で維持される)。図3Aの構成に対して、次いで、周囲58は、先端または遠位端70、終端または近位端72、および対向側面74、76を一般的に画定するとして説明され得る。対向側面74、76は大径MAに沿って整列されるが、小径MIは、先端および終端70、72と交差する。挿入手順の間、表面置換体46は、先端70が、初めに椎間関節に挿入されるように、位置付けられ、終端72が後に続く。これらの指定に対応する構造を有する歯部52に加えて(および、したがって、以下で説明される目的の挿入方向および位置付け)、終端72は、以下で説明されるような、別々に提供された挿入工具(図示されていない)との、所望の相互作用を促進する係合特性80(一般的に参照される)を形成できる、または画定できる。例えば、係合特性80は、終端72で、ベースウェブ50に形成されたノッチ82であり得る。提供される時、ノッチ82は、様々な形状を取ることができ、かつ幾つかの構造において、ベースウェブ50内への90°の切り取りとして画定される。ノッチ82は、説明されるものとは異なる形状を有することができ、係合特性80は、ノッチ82を含み得る、または含み得ない他の形式を取ることができる。さらに他の実施形態において、係合特性80は除外される。
に対する、表面置換体46の側側置換に明らかに抵抗する(例えば、図3Dの位置付けに対して、第2の歯部セット92は、表面置換体46の左方向置換に抵抗し、一方第3の歯部セット94が、右方向置換に抵抗する)。
磨耗、可撓性、および生体適合性性質を有している。ポリエーテルエーテルケトン(PEEK)は、驚くべきことに、以下で説明された適合特質のみならず、長期的な機械的強度および磨耗への抵抗も提供することが理解されている。放射線不透過性性質を示すもの等の、追加の材料(複数可)が組み込まれ得る。例えば、表面置換装置42、44は、放射線不透過性ミネラル(例えば、バリウム)が装着されたPEK組成物から形成され得る。また、可視化も、1つ以上の放射線不透過性マーカーバンド(例えば、白金マーカーバンド)を通して、提供され得る。マーカーバンド(複数可)は、表面置換装置42、44内に埋め込まれ得る(例えば、表面置換装置42、44に形成された空孔に挿入された放射線不透過性ロッド)、表面置換装置42、44の周囲の周りに挿入され得る、等である。
然関節面の微視的変化とは適合し得ない、例えば、関節の準備の間の、軟骨欠損、骨の亀裂、または小さな空隙による小さな偏位(典型的に0.05〜0.5mmの幅)である)。これは、一椎間関節表面の仮想凹面領域の末端(例えば、上関節表面26)によって適用される、圧縮力として発生し、対向関節椎間上の対応する凸面表面の中央(例えば、下関節表面28)は、表面置換体46が、天然の解剖学的形態と適合するための歪みを生成する、表面置換体46上の曲げモーメントを産生する。
2間で摺動自在に受容される大きさ(例えば、内部通路178中に突出する幅および距離または長さに関して)である(例えば、幾つかの実施形態において、歯部52の様々なものは、肋骨部180の一つが摺動自在に受容する大きさである表面置換装置42、44にわたるチャネルを、集合的に画定するために、互いに整列している)。したがって、図6Dに最も良く示されるように、肋骨部180の対向するもの同士の間の水平方向の間隙(例えば、肋骨部180a、180c間の間隙)は、表面置換装置42、44のベースウェブ50の組み合わせた厚さと一致する又はわずかに大きい。この構造によって、肋骨部180は、内部通路178を通して縦方向に移動する時、表面置換装置42、44を導く役割を果たし、そこで、それらの望ましくない回転を防ぐ。
遠位側の配置(例えば、遠位側190)、ならびにスロット186の長さは、以下で説明されるように、カニューレアセンブリ152および押し工具154を通して、表面置換装置42、44(図2)の最適な挿入をもたらすために選択される。
86が形成されるカニューレ本体160壁の厚さよりも大きいシャフト220の長さと共に、スロット186よりも大きい寸法である(例えば、グリップ222はスロット186を通過できない)。この構造によって、シャフト220は、スロット186を通して挿入され得(例えば、使用者によって手動で、さもなければ、グリップ222でピン156を握る)、押し工具154と係合し得る。カニューレ本体160に対する、押し工具154の摺動によって、次いで、シャフト220はスロット186内で摺動し、遠位側190との接触の際、シャフト220は、押し工具154のさらなる遠位運動を防ぐ。ガイドピン156は、空孔208からシャフト220を手動で撤回することによって、押し工具154/カニューレ本体160から除去され得る。代替的に、シャフト220は、押し工具154からの永久的な突出として形成され得、個別のガイドピン156は除去される。
ドアーム162bおよび対応する先端部196bのみが、図8Cの図で可視であることを理解されたい)と、スロット186の遠位側190との距離は、遠位側190でのシャフト220を用いて、少なくとも主要な表面置換体46(その1つは図8Cで可視である)が、遠位先端部196a、196bを越えて遠位に押し進められるように、フィンガー216(図8Cでは隠れているが、図7Bで可視可能)と、シャフト220との距離と一致する。したがって、図8Cの配置される位置において、表面置換体46は、本質的に(しかし、完全にではない)工具セット150から配置される。スロット186の遠位側190を用いたシャフト220の係合は、カニューレ本体160に対して、押し工具154のさらなる遠位運動を防ぐ。したがって、工具セット150を遠位に越える(および、おそらく椎間関節20を越える)、表面置換体46の配置を超えることを防ぐ。
工具セットを含む器具類システムのその後の挿入の手段によって行われ得る。
合する)を用いて、椎間関節20に向けられる。工具セット150の遠位配置は、肩部192が関節カプセル32(および/または関節カプセル32を囲む骨)に接触するまで継続する。したがって、肩部192は、椎間関節20の外側、または椎間関節20を越えるガイドアーム162a、162bの明白な運動または配置(侵入点の反対)を防ぐ、役割を果たす。表面置換装置42、44(図11Aに隠れている)は、押し工具154に沿って、カニューレ本体160中に装着される。押し工具154は、上述のように、ピン156およびキャップ158を通して、カニューレ本体160に対して確保される。
の歯部306を有する表面置換体302を備える。ベースウェブ304は、最終挿入の際、関節面としての役割を果たす第1の主要な表面308を画定する。複数の歯部306は、ベースウェブ304の対向する第2の主要な表面310から突出し、示されるパターンおよび位置付けを有する。表面置換体302の次の挿入は、歯部306が、摩擦でおよび/または機械で、天然椎間関節関節表面と係合し、それによって、椎間関節内で表面置換装置300を固定する。
け、または上述のいずれの他の構成も有することができる。
予想される輪郭に従って成形される。後端部分630は、中央部分628から突出し、保持装置624と整合する1つ以上の特性を提供する。例えば、保持装置624が骨螺旋または同様の構成要素である実施形態では、後端部分630は、保持装置624が受容されるところを通って空孔632を形成することができる。
適合係数試験
表面置換装置は、厚さまたは形態の範囲を有することができるので、材料特性(例えば、係数)とは対照的に、構造特性が適合性の尺度として求められる。しかしながら、屈曲剛性等の構造剛性の基本的な工学尺度は、変形過程の組み合わせが解剖学的形状(例えば、弾性変形、プラスチック変形、クリープ、関節等)に適合することに関与し得るため、不十分である。この背景を念頭に置いて、試料が凸面プローブと凹面溝との間で屈折および圧縮され、かつ試料の適合係数が判定され得る適合性試験が確立された。特に、凹面溝は、磨かれたステンレス鋼材料塊内で形成され、7.1mmの半径および9mmの弦長を有する。参照のポイントとして、本発明者による研究は、典型的な成人ヒト椎間関節の最小曲率半径は7mmであり、かつ適切な表面置換体は、9mmの最小長(例えば、大径)を有することを見出した。したがって、適合性試験と関連する凹面溝は、「最悪状態」の移植環境を示す。評価される表面置換体は、凹面溝上の材料塊上に設置される。5.5mmの曲率半径を有する硬い材料(例えば、Delrin(登録商標))で形成される凸面端のインパウンダプローブは、軸負荷機械(例えば、Eden Prairie,MNのMTS System Corp.の858Mini Bionix(登録商標)Test System)に取り付けられ、かつ表面置換体/凹面溝状に配置される。次に、軸装着機械は、凸面インパウンダが増加的に増加する負荷を表面置換体に印加させ(例えば、0.05mm/sの速度で)、交代で、表面置換体が圧縮負荷を介して凹面溝内に屈折させるように操作される。凹面溝への表面置換体の完全な移動が確保されるか、および/または最大負荷(例えば、500N)が達成されるまで試験を続けて、プローブの印加負荷および軸移動を定期的に記録する。
それぞれ9mmの大径を有する、3つの試料表面置換体空(すなわち、滑らかなディスク)の複数の組をPEEK材料から準備した。第1の組の3つの試料の各々を、0.25mmの厚さに形成した(「実施例A」)。第2の組の3つの試料の各々を、0.38mmの厚さに形成した(「実施例B」)。第3の組の3つの試料の各々を、0.51mmの厚さに形成した(「実施例C」)。
それぞれ9mmの大径および1.02mmの厚さを有する、3つの試料表面置換体空(すなわち、滑らかなディスク)の一組をPEEK材料から準備した(「比較例」)。
Claims (12)
- 患者の椎間関節を治療するシステムであって、前記椎間関節の解剖学的形態は、対向する上下の関節面を含み、前記システムは、
椎間関節の上関節面の形状と適合する形状に選択的に移行するように構成された上側表面置換体を備えた上側表面置換装置と、
前記上側表面置換装置から離れており、椎間関節の下関節面の形状と適合する形状に選択的に移行するように構成された下側表面置換体を備えた下側表面置換装置と、を有し、
前記表面置換体のそれぞれは、比較的平らな状態から、前記表面置換体が、典型的なヒト成人の椎間関節の圧縮力の存在下で、対応する椎間関節関節面のいずれの多面曲率とも実質的に一致する挿入状態へと移行するのに十分な可撓性を示し、
前記表面置換体のそれぞれは、
対向する第1の主要な表面と第2の主要な表面とを有するベースウェブと、
第2の主要な表面から突出する複数の歯部と、を備え、
前記表面置換体のそれぞれは、先端と、終端と、第1の対向側面と、第2の対向側面とを有し、第1の対向側面は前記先端と前記終端との間に延びており、
第2の対向側面は、第1の対向側面に対向して、前記先端と前記終端との間に延びており、
前記複数の歯部は、
前記先端および前記終端と、前記先端と前記終端との間とに形成された第1の歯部セットと、
第1の対向側面に形成された第2の歯部セットであって、第1の歯部セットとは異なって配向されており、第2の歯部セットの各歯部は、第1の対向側面に対向する外面と、第2の対向側面に対向する内面とを有し、前記内面とベースウェブとの間の角度は、前記外面とベースウェブとの間の角度より小さい、第2の歯部セットと、
第2の対向側面に形成された第3の歯部セットであって、第1の歯部セットおよび第2の歯部セットとは異なって配向されており、第3の歯部セットの各歯部は、第2の対向側面に対向する外面と、第1の対向側面に対向する内面とを有し、前記内面とベースウェブとの間の角度は、前記外面とベースウェブとの間の角度より小さい、第3の歯部セットと、を備える、システム。 - 前記表面置換体のそれぞれは、前記各表面置換体の主要な表面への、ヒト成人体重、筋
肉組織、および関節包靱帯によって加えられる通常の力に応じて、比較的平らな状態から挿入状態へと移行するように構成されており、前記表面置換体のそれぞれは、前記挿入状態で、少なくとも20mmの曲率半径と適合するように構成される、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記表面置換体のそれぞれは、固着面および関節面を画成し、前記システムは、椎間関節への挿入の際、前記関節面が、摺動界面で相互に当接するように構成される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記表面置換体のそれぞれは、5〜13mmの範囲の大径および4〜11mmの範囲の小径によって画成された円盤状形状を画成し、前記表面置換体は同一であり、前記表面置換体のそれぞれは、0.25〜4mmの範囲の全体の厚さを有し、前記表面置換体のそれぞれは、100N以下の適合係数を示す、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記表面置換装置のうちの少なくとも1つは、前記椎間関節の上関節面と下関節面との間の界面の領域の外で骨を取り付けるための、前記対応する表面置換体から延在するタブをさらに含む、請求項4に記載のシステム。
- 前記表面置換体のそれぞれは、プラスチックから形成されており、前記プラスチックは、ポリエーテルケトン系プラスチックである、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記歯部のうちの少なくとも1つは、先端面および終端面によって画成され、
前記少なくとも1つの歯部が、第2の反対方向と比較して、第1の方向での対応する椎間関節関節面に対して、前記対応する表面置換体の移動に対してより明らかに抵抗するように、前記先端面および前記第1の主要な表面の平面によって画成される角度は、前記終端面および前記第1の主要な表面の前記平面によって画成される角度よりも小さい、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記第1の歯部セットの各歯部は、前記先端により近接している先端面と、前記終端により近接している終端面とを含み、前記先端面および終端面は、前記第1の主要な表面の反対の先端で交差し、さらに、前記先端面の長さは、対応する歯部が前記先端から前記終端への前記対応する表面置換体の挿入方向を画成するように、前記終端面の長さよりも大きい、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記ベースウェブは、実質的に均一な厚さを画成し、前記複数の歯部は、前記先端に近接する第1の歯部および前記終端に近接する第2の歯部を含み、前記第1の歯部の高さは、前記第2の歯部の高さよりも大きい、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記ベースウェブは、前記終端に沿ってノッチを形成する、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 患者の椎間関節を治療するためのキットであって、前記患者の椎間関節の解剖学的形態は、対向する上下の関節面を含み、前記キットは、
椎間関節の上関節面の形状と適合する形状に選択的に移行するように構成された上側表面置換体を備えた上側表面置換装置と、
前記上側表面置換装置から離れており、椎間関節の下関節面の形状と一致する形状に選択的に移行するように構成された下側表面置換体を備えた、下側表面置換装置と、
挿入工具セットと、を有し、
前記表面置換体のそれぞれは、比較的平らな状態から、前記表面置換体が、典型的なヒト成人椎間関節の圧縮力の存在下で、対応する椎間関節関節面のいずれの多面曲率とも実
質的に一致する挿入状態へと移行するのに十分な可撓性を示し、
前記表面置換体のそれぞれは、
対向する第1の主要な表面と第2の主要な表面とを有するベースウェブと、
第2の主要な表面から突出する複数の歯部と、を備え、
前記表面置換体のそれぞれは、先端と、終端と、第1の対向側面と、第2の対向側面とを有し、第1の対向側面は前記先端と前記終端との間に延びており、
第2の対向側面は、第1の対向側面に対向して、前記先端と前記終端との間に延びており、
前記複数の歯部は、
前記先端および前記終端と、前記先端と前記終端との間とに形成された第1の歯部セットと、
第1の対向側面に形成された第2の歯部セットであって、第1の歯部セットとは異なって配向されており、第2の歯部セットの各歯部は、第1の対向側面に対向する外面と、第2の対向側面に対向する内面とを有し、前記内面とベースウェブとの間の角度は、前記外面とベースウェブとの間の角度より小さい、第2の歯部セットと、
第2の対向側面に形成された第3の歯部セットであって、第1の歯部セットおよび第2の歯部セットとは異なって配向されており、第3の歯部セットの各歯部は、第2の対向側面に対向する外面と、第1の対向側面に対向する内面とを有し、前記内面とベースウェブとの間の角度は、前記外面とベースウェブとの間の角度より小さい、第3の歯部セットと、を備え、
前記挿入工具セットは、
遠位端を有し、前記遠位端で開く内部通路を画成する送達カニューレと、
前記通路内で摺動自在に受容される大きさである長尺の押し工具と、を含み、
前記キットは、前記表面置換装置および前記押し工具が前記内部通路内で摺動自在に受容された挿入配置を提供するように構成され、前記表面置換装置は、前記遠位端とは反対側で前記表面置換装置に当接している前記押し工具の前記遠位端および前記遠位領域に隣接して互いに積み重ねられている、キット。 - 前記上下の表面置換体は同一であり、それぞれは、5〜13mmの範囲の大径、4〜11mmの範囲の小径、および0.25〜4mmの範囲の厚さによって画成された円盤状形状を有し、前記表面置換装置のそれぞれは、ポリエーテルケトン系材料から形成される、請求項11に記載のキット。
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EP2456393A1 (en) | 2012-05-30 |
CN102438555A (zh) | 2012-05-02 |
IL214848A (en) | 2013-10-31 |
EP2456393B1 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
CA2754004A1 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
US20150164652A1 (en) | 2015-06-18 |
RU2011140726A (ru) | 2013-08-27 |
KR20120050432A (ko) | 2012-05-18 |
AU2010276139A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
US9017389B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 |
US9700427B2 (en) | 2017-07-11 |
WO2011011621A1 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
AU2010276139B2 (en) | 2015-07-02 |
US20130190879A1 (en) | 2013-07-25 |
KR101582249B1 (ko) | 2016-01-04 |
US8394125B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 |
CA2754004C (en) | 2016-03-15 |
IL214848A0 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
JP2013500070A (ja) | 2013-01-07 |
US20110022089A1 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
BRPI1007740A2 (pt) | 2018-02-14 |
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