JP5356397B2 - 炭化水素流れから酸素を除去するプロセス及び反応剤 - Google Patents
炭化水素流れから酸素を除去するプロセス及び反応剤 Download PDFInfo
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- C10G25/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
- C10G25/003—Specific sorbent material, not covered by C10G25/02 or C10G25/03
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- B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
- B01D2257/104—Oxygen
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1025—Natural gas
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- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1033—Oil well production fluids
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
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- C10G2300/207—Acid gases, e.g. H2S, COS, SO2, HCN
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Description
本発明は、反応剤組成物を使用して、様々な流体、特に液体又は気体の炭化水素及び二酸化炭素から、酸素を除去する方法に関する。この方法は、気体炭化水素流れ、軽質液体炭化水素流れ(例えば液体天然ガス(“NGL”))、原油、酸性ガス混合物、二酸化炭素ガス、二酸化炭素液体、嫌気性ガス、埋立地ガス、地熱ガス等から酸素を除去するのに特に有用である。
酸素は様々な気体及び液体の炭化水素流れ及び二酸化炭素流れの中に汚染物質(contaminant)として存在することがある。酸素は、酸素で汚染されている天然ガス田に由来する場合がある。また、酸素は気体の炭化水素流れを処理する過程で不可避的に入ることもしばしばある。この一例は、石炭層又は埋立地のガスのような低圧ガスの圧力を上昇させるためにコンプレッサーを用いるときである。酸素を含んだ少量の空気が、圧縮プロセス中に気体流れの中へ入り込むことがある。
開示する方法は、気体及び液体の流体流れ(例えば、天然ガス、軽質炭化水素流れ、原油、酸性ガス混合物、二酸化炭素ガス流れ、二酸化炭素の液体流れ、嫌気性ガス、埋立地ガス、地熱ガス及び地熱液体など)から酸素を除去するために、反応剤(reagent)を使用する方法である。硫黄含有化合物を含んだ炭化水素又は二酸化炭素の流れを、炭酸鉄(ferrous carbonate)を含む硫黄活性化反応剤(sulfur-activated reagent)と接触させることにより、前記流れに含まれる酸素量を低減する方法についても開示する。好ましい実施例において、前記反応剤は微粉状の炭酸鉄を混合し、凝集させ(agglomerating)、形状形成する(shaping)ことで作られる。なお、炭酸鉄は菱鉄鉱(siderite)が好ましく、硫化水素などの硫黄化合物を含んだ炭化水素又は二酸化炭素の流れから酸素を除去するのに用いられる。気体流れの中に、十分な量の硫化水素又は他の硫黄種が存在すると、硫化鉄(ferrous sulfide)を活性化させて連続的に再生成するので、酸素除去プロセスは連続して行われることができる。表面分析結果に基づいて、硫化水素などの硫黄含有種を酸化させて硫酸塩及び元素硫黄を生成することで、酸素は除去される。
。
出願人は、液体流れ及び気体流れ、特に気体及び液体の炭化水素流れ及び二酸化炭素流れを、硫化鉄を含む反応剤と接触させれば、前記流れから酸素を除去することが可能であることを見出した。この方法は、前記流れを、硫化鉄を含む反応剤と接触させることで行なうことができるが、硫化鉄反応剤は、炭酸鉄を、硫黄含有化合物、特に硫化水素を含んだ流体(気体又は液体)と接触させることで、その場所で(in situ)生成されることが好ましい。
加工後の菱鉄鉱組成物は、かさ密度が110ポンド/立方フィート、比重が3.63、90%が100メッシュを通過する粒子サイズであり、分析結果は次のとおりである。
Fe(元素として) 43.00重量%
FeCO3 86.87重量%
SiO2 5.50重量%
Al2O3 1.30重量%
CaO 0.56重量%
MgO 0.53重量%
S 0.40重量%
Mn 0.35重量%
Cu 0.30重量%
Co 0.02重量%
Cd 0.0041重量%
Pb 0.0001重量%
As 0.00005重量%
Sb 0.00005重量%
Fe2O3 <1.0重量%
本発明方法の実用性を調べるために、微粉化された菱鉄鉱(90%が100メッシュを通過)94重量部を、アルミン酸カルシウムセメント6重量部と混合した。菱鉄鉱とセメントの混合物に水約20重量部を混合し、該混合物を押出加工して、直径約3/16インチ、長さ約1/4インチの複数の押出品を生成した。これら押出品は、120°Fで4時間乾燥を行なった。その結果、含水量は約1〜2重量%である。
酸素と硫化水素で汚染されたメタンの流れは、典型的天然ガス流れをシミュレートしたもので、過剰空気と共に、試料Aに基づいて調製された複数の炭酸鉄反応剤押出品が入れられた試験用処理床(直径2インチ、高さ8−10インチ)を通過させた。処理床に投入された流体流れは、速度を標準状態の立方フィート/時間(SCFH)、温度を華氏温度、圧力をポンド/平方インチゲージ(PSIG)で測定した。試験結果は表1に示されている。
天然ガスは、ウェルヘッドに集められて、標準のコンプレッサーシステムを用いて圧縮される。圧縮ガスの一部は圧縮ガスラインから分離され、コンプレッサーを出て、直径2インチ、高さ12インチの垂直式処理床を通過する。圧縮ガスの残部は、通常とおり、パイプラインを経て精製又は処理施設へと送られる。しかしながら、気体流れの中の硫黄が容認し難いほど高濃度である場合、また気体流れ中の硫黄が酸素の存在によって除去されなかった場合、特定の流れは試験期間中に廃棄物として焼却処分した。
Claims (20)
- 過剰の硫化水素を含む気体流体又は液体流体から酸素を除去する方法であって、
主として炭酸鉄を含む反応剤を供給し、
炭酸鉄を前記流体と接触させることによって反応剤を予備硫化し、
予備硫化された反応剤を流体と接触させることを含んでいる、方法。 - プロセスは、連続して行われる請求項1の方法。
- 酸素は、1ppm未満になるまで流体から除去される請求項1の方法。
- 流体は、天然ガス、軽質炭化水素流れ、原油、酸性ガス混合物、二酸化炭素ガス、嫌気性ガス、埋立地ガス及び地熱流体から選択される請求項1の方法。
- プロセスは、連続して行われる請求項4の方法。
- 酸素は、1ppm未満になるまで流体から除去される請求項4の方法。
- 硫化水素の少なくとも一部は、流体から除去される請求項4の方法。
- 炭酸鉄は、菱鉄鉱である請求項4の方法。
- 反応剤は、菱鉄鉱70重量%以上、セメント質バインダー2〜10重量%、残部水から作られ、水分含量が3重量%未満になるまで乾燥が施される請求項4の方法。
- セメント質バインダーは、アルミン酸塩セメントである請求項9の方法。
- 酸素は1ppm未満になるまで流体から除去され、プロセスは連続して行われる請求項9の方法。
- 過剰の硫化水素を含んだ気体流体又は液体流体から酸素を除去する方法であって、主として炭酸鉄を含む反応剤を供給し、炭酸鉄を流体と接触させることを含んでいる、方法。
- 流体は、天然ガス、軽質炭化水素流れ、原油、酸性ガス混合物、二酸化炭素ガス、嫌気性ガス、埋立地ガス及び地熱流体から選択される請求項12の方法。
- プロセスは、連続して行われる請求項12の方法。
- 酸素は、1ppm未満になるまで流体から除去される請求項12の方法。
- 炭酸鉄は、菱鉄鉱である請求項12の方法。
- 反応剤は、菱鉄鉱70重量%以上、セメント質バインダー2〜10重量%、残部水から作られ、水分含量が3重量%未満になるまで乾燥が施される請求項12の方法。
- セメント質バインダーは、アルミン酸塩セメントである請求項17の方法。
- プロセスは連続して行われる請求項17の方法。
- 酸素は、1ppm未満になるまで流体から除去される請求項17の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/929,258 | 2007-10-30 | ||
| US11/929,258 US7931815B2 (en) | 2005-09-15 | 2007-10-30 | Method for reducing oxygen content of fluid streams containing sulfur compounds |
| PCT/US2008/077044 WO2009058489A1 (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2008-09-19 | Process and reagent for removal of oxygen from hydrocarbon streams |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2011502040A JP2011502040A (ja) | 2011-01-20 |
| JP5356397B2 true JP5356397B2 (ja) | 2013-12-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2010531104A Active JP5356397B2 (ja) | 2007-10-30 | 2008-09-19 | 炭化水素流れから酸素を除去するプロセス及び反応剤 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7931815B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2203251B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5356397B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101896268B (ja) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0818242B1 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2699957C (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2607027T3 (ja) |
| MX (1) | MX2010004860A (ja) |
| RU (1) | RU2446880C2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2009058489A1 (ja) |
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| US8221524B2 (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2012-07-17 | Guild Associates, Inc. | Oxygen removal from contaminated gases |
| US10435316B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2019-10-08 | Orange County Sanitation District | Chemical optimization during wastewater treatment, odor control and uses thereof |
| US9453798B2 (en) | 2010-12-01 | 2016-09-27 | Nalco Company | Method for determination of system parameters for reducing crude unit corrosion |
| US8986534B2 (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2015-03-24 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Method for removing oxygen from a reaction medium |
| US9458027B2 (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2016-10-04 | New Technology Ventures, Inc. | Sulfided iron (II) compound and method of manufacture |
| US9023237B2 (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2015-05-05 | New Technology Ventures, Inc. | Highly active nano iron catalyst for the absorption of hydrogen sulfide |
| JP6802171B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-17 | 2020-12-16 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | ガス処理方法 |
| WO2017047731A1 (ja) * | 2015-09-17 | 2017-03-23 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | ガス処理方法及び装置 |
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| US2897150A (en) * | 1957-07-11 | 1959-07-28 | Texas Gulf Sulphur Co | Purification of water |
| US3199946A (en) * | 1963-07-23 | 1965-08-10 | Honolulu Gas Company | Removal of hydrogen sulfide from hydrocarbon fuel gases |
| US3666404A (en) * | 1969-11-05 | 1972-05-30 | Chemed Corp | Method of inhibiting corrosion in aqueous systems with high molecular weight alkylene oxide polymers |
| US3618667A (en) * | 1970-03-06 | 1971-11-09 | Mobil Oil Corp | Removal of dissolved oxygen from water |
| CA1047243A (en) * | 1973-06-28 | 1979-01-30 | Irwin Fox | Porous fe304 drilling mud additive |
| US4101635A (en) * | 1973-09-03 | 1978-07-18 | Nippon Oil Company Ltd. | Method for regenerating and recycling catalyst for oxidation of sulfur dioxide |
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-
2007
- 2007-10-30 US US11/929,258 patent/US7931815B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2008
- 2008-08-19 RU RU2010121937/04A patent/RU2446880C2/ru active
- 2008-09-19 CN CN200880113997.4A patent/CN101896268B/zh active Active
- 2008-09-19 JP JP2010531104A patent/JP5356397B2/ja active Active
- 2008-09-19 WO PCT/US2008/077044 patent/WO2009058489A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-09-19 CA CA2699957A patent/CA2699957C/en active Active
- 2008-09-19 MX MX2010004860A patent/MX2010004860A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2008-09-19 ES ES08844027.6T patent/ES2607027T3/es active Active
- 2008-09-19 BR BRPI0818242-6A patent/BRPI0818242B1/pt active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7931815B2 (en) | 2011-04-26 |
| RU2446880C2 (ru) | 2012-04-10 |
| ES2607027T3 (es) | 2017-03-28 |
| EP2203251B1 (en) | 2016-11-16 |
| CN101896268A (zh) | 2010-11-24 |
| CN101896268B (zh) | 2014-07-30 |
| CA2699957A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
| US20100126346A9 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
| WO2009058489A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
| BRPI0818242A2 (pt) | 2015-04-07 |
| CA2699957C (en) | 2013-04-30 |
| US20090107333A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
| BRPI0818242B1 (pt) | 2017-12-12 |
| MX2010004860A (es) | 2011-03-04 |
| JP2011502040A (ja) | 2011-01-20 |
| EP2203251A4 (en) | 2012-01-18 |
| RU2010121937A (ru) | 2011-12-10 |
| EP2203251A1 (en) | 2010-07-07 |
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