JP5300549B2 - Construction method of earth structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a construction method of an earth structure advantageous in shutting off water from a face of slope having a vertical or almost vertical steep gradient. <P>SOLUTION: The construction method of the earth structure includes laying an impervious material 3 along the face of slope B and fixing it into mounded soil 13 in a stage where the mounded soil 13 reaches a height corresponding to the length of the impervious material 3 before reaching a target completion height by repeating laying of a banking reinforcing material 1, banking 13 and rolling compaction, and then repeating the above process to construct the impervious earth structure with the target completion height. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for constructing a soil structure that is advantageous when constructing a slope having water-impervious properties applied to a waste disposal site or a water storage structure.

  In a waste disposal site and a water storage structure, the bottom and slope are shielded so that water does not penetrate into the soil. In a recent waste disposal site, it is required to secure a maximum volume on a limited site by constructing a slope with water impermeability vertically or steeply.

  In order to satisfy such requirements, methods for constructing slopes having various water shielding performances have been proposed. For example, the technique described in Patent Document 1 is a reinforced earth method used for the construction of a waste disposal site having a steep water impervious slope, and a foundation is provided at a position away from a cliff. Build a retaining wall on the foundation in sequence, construct a water-impervious embankment between the retaining wall and the cliff, embed a reinforcing material in this, connect the tip to the retaining wall, and then between the retaining wall and the embankment The backfilling material is backfilled. With this technology, it is possible to realize a reinforced earth construction method with a steep slope close to vertical or near vertical.

  In addition, the technique described in Patent Document 2 is intended to easily perform the work of laying a plurality of water-impervious sheets, and a plurality of water-impervious sheets laid on a slope are attached to each of the water-impervious sheets. In the connecting portion on the upstream side in the tilt direction, the lower end portion of the water-impervious sheet on the upstream side in the tilt direction is arranged so as to overlap the upper surface of the water-impervious sheet on the downstream side in the tilt direction.

JP 2004-232232 A JP-A-8-323318

  The technology of Patent Document 1 is to construct a vertical or vertical steep water-impervious wall surface by constructing a water-impervious embankment made of a cement stabilizing material reinforced by embedding a reinforcing material. However, there are problems such as complicated construction contents and a long period of time for construction and curing.

  Moreover, although the technique of patent document 2 is a technique at the time of laying a some water impervious sheet | seat on a slope, when fixing a water impervious sheet with respect to a slope, a fixing nail is used. For this reason, when a tensile force is applied, stress concentrates on the fixed nail portion and the sheet may be torn.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing an earth structure that is advantageous when shielding a slope having a vertical or steep slope close to vertical.

In order to solve the above problems, the method for constructing a soil structure according to the present invention repeats the laying, embankment, and rolling of the embankment reinforcing material, and before the embankment reaches the desired finished height, In the embankment, when the height corresponding to the length is reached, a water-impervious material is laid along the slope and connected to a friction fixing material provided with a connecting sheet in advance via the connecting sheet . Then, the above-described process is repeated to construct a soil structure having a desired height and having a water barrier property.

  In any one of the above-described methods for constructing a soil structure, the structure is integrated by connecting the water shielding materials laid on the slope.

  In any one of the above-described methods for constructing a soil structure, the water shielding material is a laminate of a water shielding sheet and a protective mat or drainage material, which are integrated.

  In the construction method of the earth structure according to the present invention, when the water shielding material is laid on the slope, the work of laying the water shielding material along the slope from the upper end of the embankment under construction can be performed. For this reason, even when constructing a water shielding material for a vertical or steep slope close to vertical, the work can be performed safely and easily.

  That is, while repeating embankment reinforcement, embankment, and rolling, when the embankment reaches a height corresponding to the length of the impermeable material, the shoulder from the upper end of the embankment that is constructing the impermeable material After that, laying over the slope, and then fixing it in the embankment by constructing the embankment on it, perform the work of laying a water shielding material on the slope from the top of the embankment under construction, with a steep slope Even if it exists, the work can proceed safely and easily.

  In addition, when the water shielding material is connected to the friction fixing material to be fixed in the embankment, it can be fixed with high reliability by a relatively easy operation.

  In addition, when the water shielding materials laid on the slope are connected together, the water shielding materials laid along the slope are integrated, so that the water enters the embankment. Infiltration can be prevented.

  Moreover, when the friction fixing material is provided with a sheet for connecting with the water shielding material in advance, the work of fixing the water shielding material to the embankment through the friction fixing material can be easily performed. For this reason, it is possible to easily proceed with the work of laying the water shielding material along the slope, and, for example, the curing time required in the case of concrete fixing work is unnecessary, and the construction period can be shortened.

It is a figure explaining the structure of the 1st construction method of a soil structure. It is sectional drawing explaining the structure of a water shielding material. It is a figure explaining the structure of a friction fixing material. It is a figure explaining the structure of the water shielding material which has a friction fixed part used for the construction method of the earth structure which concerns on a comparative example . It is a figure explaining the procedure which builds an earth structure, and is a figure explaining the state at the time of implementing the first process of a series of processes. It is a figure explaining the procedure which builds a soil structure, and shows the process continued in FIG. It is a figure explaining the procedure which builds a soil structure, and shows the process continued in FIG. It is a figure explaining the procedure of laying a water shielding material along a slope and fixing the water shielding material in the embankment. It is a figure explaining the procedure of laying a water shielding material along a slope and fixing the water shielding material in the embankment. It is a figure explaining the procedure of laying a water shielding material along a slope and fixing the water shielding material in the embankment. It is a figure explaining the procedure of laying a water shielding material along a slope and fixing the water shielding material in the embankment. It is a figure explaining the procedure of laying a water shielding material along a slope and fixing the water shielding material in the embankment. It is a figure explaining the completed state of the earth structure by the 1st construction method. It is a diagram illustrating a comparative example of the building process of the soil structure. It is a figure explaining the procedure of laying the water shielding material which has a friction fixed part along a slope, and fixing this water shielding material in embankment. It is a figure explaining the procedure of laying the water shielding material which has a friction fixed part along a slope, and fixing this water shielding material in embankment. It is a figure explaining the completed state of the earth structure by the 2nd construction method.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a method for constructing a soil structure according to the present invention will be described.

  The method for constructing a soil structure according to the present invention repeats laying, embankment, and rolling of the embankment reinforcing material when constructing an earth structure having a preset finished height. When an intermediate soil structure lower than the height of the intermediate soil structure is constructed and the height of the intermediate soil structure reaches a height corresponding to the length of the water shielding material, the end of the water shielding material is fixed on the embankment. By laying a water shielding material along the slope, the slope of the intermediate soil structure is made water-tight, and each of the above steps is repeated to create a soil structure with the desired finished height. To build.

  Prior to explaining the procedure of the construction method of the earth structure, materials used for construction will be explained.

  The embankment reinforcement 1 is laid in the embankment and contributes to the stability of the entire embankment. As the embankment reinforcing material 1, for example, a planar reinforcement material such as a geogrid or a geotextile that is generally used for embankment reinforcement can be used.

  The slope material 2 is connected to the embankment reinforcing material 1 (in the case of a sandbag, fixed by entrainment) and plays a role of retaining the slope. As the slope member 2, a steel frame, a concrete block, a sandbag, or the like is used.

  The water shielding material 3 laid on the slope is composed of a water shielding sheet and a protective mat or drainage material that protects it. Although the water shielding sheet and the protective mat or drainage material for protecting the water shielding sheet may be individually provided, it is desirable that they are integrated in consideration of the workability and the labor of construction.

  For this reason, in this embodiment, a water shielding material 3 configured as shown in FIG. 2 is used. This water-impervious material 3 is configured by disposing a water-impervious sheet 3a having water-impervious properties on the front surface side and a protective mat or drainage material 3b on the rear surface side, and integrating both. Then, when laying on the slope, the protective mat or drainage material 3b is brought into contact with the slope, and the water shielding sheet 3a is disposed on the slope. For this reason, the water-impervious sheet 3a can be protected without directly contacting the water-impervious sheet 3a to the embankment.

  The protective mat or drainage material 3b is interposed between the water shielding sheet 3a and the slope to prevent the water shielding sheet 3a from directly contacting the material constituting the slope. Therefore, the protective mat or the drainage material 3b may be any material that can exhibit this function, and the material is not limited. As the protective mat, for example, a nonwoven fabric can be used. As the drainage material, for example, a three-dimensional network structure, a strip drain, or the like can be used. In this embodiment, a drainage material in which nonwoven fabrics are laminated on both surfaces of a three-dimensional network structure is used as 3b.

  Usually, when a non-woven fabric is used as a protective mat, when moisture is contained, the weight increases and an excessive tensile force acts. Therefore, if drainage material having a high water permeability, for example, a three-dimensional network is used, it can contribute to weight reduction.

  The friction fixing material 4 resists the weight of the water shielding material 3 and the tensile force at the time of waste landfill. As shown in FIG. 3, the friction fixing material 4 is composed of a water shielding sheet 4 a and a planar material 4 b such as geogrid or geotextile that has a higher frictional resistance with soil, and is heat-sealed, bonded, or mechanically. Are integrated in a simple manner. In this embodiment, a geogrid is used as the planar material 4b having a higher frictional resistance with the soil. And the water-impervious sheet 4a has a function as a sheet for connection with the water-impervious material 3.

  The frictional fixing material 4 is heat-bonded to the water shielding material 3 in the embankment, laterally bonded 6 by an adhesive or a mechanical method, and transmits the tensile force acting on the water shielding material 3. However, if sufficient frictional resistance is obtained, the water shielding material 3 may be extended and laid in the embankment without using the friction fixing material 4.

Further, the water shielding material 8 having the friction fixed portion shown in FIG. 4 is used when the soil structure construction method according to the comparative example of the present invention is carried out, and the water shielding sheet portion is laid on the slope. By laying the geogrid, which is a friction fixing part, in the embankment, the water impervious sheet can be secured to the embankment slope by an easy operation.

  The water shielding material 8 having a friction fixed portion is formed by connecting a material having a strong frictional force with the embankment such as a geogrid or a nonwoven fabric to the water shielding material 3 described above.

  In FIG. 4, the geogrid 8b and the water shielding sheet 8a are connected by a hot melt adhesive. That is, a hot melt adhesive is melted with an applicator at the end of the water shielding sheet 8a, applied in a bead shape through a nozzle to form a hot melt adhesive 8d, and both ends of the geogrid 8b are overlapped with this. Is glued. Further, a protective mat or drainage material 8c is disposed on the water shielding sheet 8a and is bonded using a hot melt adhesive material 8d.

  In addition to the above, as a method of connection with a hot melt adhesive, in addition to the above, hot melt adhesive heated and melted with a hot melt applicator is applied to one or both of the geogrid 8b and the water shielding sheet 8a through a nozzle or a slit. After being applied in a dotted, beaded, spiral, or planar shape, it can be carried out by a method such as laminating and laminating both in a state where the adhesive is melted, once the adhesive is solidified, It can also be heated and melted again at the time of bonding. In this case, as a reheating method, a method of heating the adhesive or the material with a hot plate, hot air, infrared rays, or the like, a method of heating the adhesive or the material with electromagnetic induction heating, or the like can be used.

  As the hot melt adhesive, in this embodiment, a polyolefin hot melt adhesive is used, but in addition to this, a polyurethane system, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer system, a polyamide system, a polyester system, and a thermoplastic elastomer system are used. , A styrene-butadiene copolymer system, a styrene-isoprene copolymer system, or the like as a component may be used alone or in combination.

  In addition to hot melt adhesives, for example, polyvinyl acetate adhesives, polyacrylate ester adhesives, cyanoacrylate adhesives, ethylene copolymer adhesives, polyolefin adhesives, cellulose adhesives , Polyester adhesive, polyamide adhesive, polyimide adhesive, phenolic resin adhesive, epoxy adhesive, polyurethane adhesive, solvent type such as reactive (meth) acrylic adhesive, emulsion type An adhesive such as a solventless type can also be used.

  In consideration of adhesion stability, cost, work process, etc., adhesion by a hot melt adhesive is most preferably used.

  Next, the construction method of the earth structure will be described. First, the first construction method of the earth structure according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The first construction method of the earth structure according to the present embodiment is as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of slope members 2 are arranged side by side along the target slope B on the bottom face A. The embankment reinforcing material 1 is connected to the face material 2 and laid.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 6, when the bank 13 is applied on the bottom surface A, the slope B side of the bank 13 is defined by the slope material 2. Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the upper surface of the embankment 13 is rolled by a rolling machine 14 to roll the earth and sand to form a flat rolling surface.

  After passing through a series of steps consisting of the installation of the slope material 2 as described above, the reinforcement of the ground surface or the rolling surface by the embankment reinforcing material 1, the embankment, and the rolling, the upper surface of this rolling surface is the slope B. The slope material 2 is installed on the side, the embankment reinforcing material 1 is installed on the upper surface of the compaction surface, the compaction surface is reinforced, the embankment 13 is formed, and a series of steps consisting of compaction by the compactor 14 is repeated.

  The embankment 13 is constructed by repeating the above steps, and when the height reaches the target completed height and reaches the height corresponding to the length of the water shielding material 3, the water shielding is performed by the following procedure. Laying wood.

  Here, the height corresponding to the length of the water shielding material 3 does not mean that the length and height of the water shielding material 3 coincide with each other, but the side of the water shielding material 3 connected to the friction fixing material 4 is embanked. The height is such that the other end (free end) is superimposed on the water shielding material 3 below when placed along the slope B and placed on a position close to the 13 slope material 2. It shall be said.

  First, as shown in FIG. 8, a water shielding material 3 and a friction fixing material 4 are prepared in the top edge space of the raised bank.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the water shielding material 3 is developed. Then, after the expansion is completed, the vertical joining 5 between the water shielding materials 3 and the horizontal joining 6 between the water shielding material 3 and the friction fixing material 4 are performed. The joining method of the longitudinal joining 5 and the transverse joining 6 is performed by selecting thermal welding, mechanical connection, joining with an adhesive, or the like. At this time, in order to prevent the water shielding material 3 from falling, for example, a fall prevention device 7 using an anchor or the like is installed on the friction fixing material 4.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the water shielding material 3 is lowered to a predetermined position on the embankment slope. In particular, the lateral joint 6a with the water shielding material 3 already laid on the embankment slope is joined with a hook-and-loop fastener or the like so as not to be turned up by wind or the like. At this time, in order to prevent water leakage, the water shielding materials 3 are sufficiently overlapped in a tile shape. The vertical joint 5a can be joined using an accessory such as a gasket.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the friction fixing material 4 is laid on the embankment.

  After laying the frictional fixing material 4 on the embankment as described above, as shown in FIG. 12, the slope material 2 is installed and the embankment reinforcement 1 is laid. After the predetermined number of slope members 2 are installed, embankment and rolling are performed.

  Thereby, the water shielding material 3 is fixed in the embankment 13 through the friction fixing material 4. Furthermore, the embankment 13 is constructed by repeating the above steps.

  Thereafter, a series of steps including the installation of the slope material 2 described above, the reinforcement of the embankment 13 with the embankment reinforcing material 1, the embankment 13, rolling, the water shielding material 3 and the friction fixing material 4 is advanced, and the embankment is advanced. When the thirteen rolling surfaces reach the target completion height, the target soil structure is constructed.

  As shown in FIG. 13, when the embankment 13 reaches a target completed height, the water shielding material 3 is laid on the slope B by the same procedure as described above, and the water shielding material 3 includes the friction fixing material 4. Fixed in the embankment.

  In addition, asphalt such as a management road, concrete pavement, etc. may be made on the top, and materials other than the embankment 13 may be stacked in order to construct other structures, and into the embankment 13 of the water shielding material 3 As a fixing method, a method using the friction fixing material 4, a method of directly connecting the water shielding material 3 to the embankment reinforcing material 1, a method of embedding the water shielding material 3 in the soil, and the like can be used. The same method as in the case of or a different method may be used.

Next, it will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 to 17 for building method of soil structure according to the comparative example. Note that the same or similar steps as those in the first construction method described above will be described with reference to the above-described drawings for reference.

Build process of soil structure according to the comparative example, first, as shown in FIG. 5, along the slope B of the object to the bottom surface A are arranged side by side a plurality of slope members 2, each of the slopes material 2 The embankment reinforcement 1 is connected to and laid.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 6, when the bank 13 is applied on the bottom surface A, the slope B side of the bank 13 is defined by the slope material 2. Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the upper surface of the embankment 13 is rolled by a rolling machine 14 to roll the earth and sand to form a flat rolling surface.

  After passing through a series of steps consisting of the installation of the slope material 2 as described above, the reinforcement of the ground surface or the rolling surface by the embankment reinforcing material 1, the embankment, and the rolling, the upper surface of this rolling surface is the slope B. The slope material 2 is installed on the side, the embankment reinforcing material 1 is installed on the upper surface of the compaction surface, the compaction surface is reinforced, the embankment 13 is formed, and a series of steps consisting of compaction by the compactor 14 is repeated.

  When the embankment 13 is constructed by repeating the above steps, and reaches the height corresponding to the length of the water-impervious sheet portion 8a at the stage before reaching the target completed height, The water shielding material 8 having the friction fixed portion shown in 4 is laid.

  Here, the height corresponding to the length of the water-impervious sheet portion 8a does not mean that the length and height of the water-impervious sheet portion 8a coincide with each other. When placed on a position close to the slope material 2 and laid along the slope B, the other end (free end) should be high enough to overlap the water shielding sheet portion 8a below. It shall be said.

  First, as shown in FIG. 15, a water shielding material 8 having a friction fixing portion is prepared in the top edge space of the raised bank.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 16, the water shielding material 8 having the friction fixed portion is developed. And the vertical joining 5 of the water-shielding sheet | seat parts 8a is performed after completion | finish of expansion | deployment. The joining method of the longitudinal joining 5 is performed by selecting thermal welding, mechanical connection, joining with an adhesive, or the like. At this time, in order to prevent the water shielding material 8 having the friction fixing portion from falling, for example, a fall prevention device 7 using an anchor or the like is installed in the friction fixing portion 8b.

  Next, the water shielding material 8 having a friction fixed portion is lowered to a predetermined position on the embankment slope (see FIG. 10). In particular, the lateral joining (6a) with the water shielding material 8 having the friction fixed portion already laid on the embankment slope is joined with a hook-and-loop fastener or the like so as not to be rolled up by wind or the like. At this time, in order to prevent water leakage, the water shielding materials 8 having the friction fixed portions are sufficiently overlapped in a tile shape. Further, the longitudinal joining (5a) can be joined using an accessory such as a gasket.

  Next, a geogrid 8b, which is a friction fixed portion, is laid on the embankment (see FIG. 11).

  After laying the geogrid 8b which is a friction fixed part on the embankment as described above, the slope material 2 is installed, and the embankment reinforcement 1 is laid. After the predetermined number of slope members 2 are installed, embankment and rolling are performed (see FIG. 12).

  Although the water shielding material 8 having the friction fixed portion can be laid in contact with the reinforcing material 1, as shown in FIG. 14, the embankment is interposed between the water shielding material 8 having the friction fixed portion and the reinforcing material 1. It is also possible to intervene layers.

  Thereby, the water-impervious sheet portion 8a is fixed in the embankment 13 through the friction fixing portion 8b. Furthermore, the embankment 13 is constructed by repeating the above steps.

  Thereafter, a series of steps including the installation of the slope material 2 described above, the reinforcement of the embankment 13 with the embankment reinforcing material 1, the embankment 13, the rolling pressure, and the laying of the water shielding material 8 having a friction fixing portion are advanced to the embankment. When the thirteen rolling surfaces reach the target completion height, the target soil structure is constructed.

  As shown in FIG. 17, when the embankment 13 reaches the target completed height, the water shielding sheet portion 8a is laid on the slope B by the same procedure as described above, and the embankment 13 is inserted into the embankment via the friction fixing portion 8b. Fixed.

  In addition, in order to construct asphalt such as a management road, concrete pavement, or to construct other structures, the material other than the embankment 13 may be stacked on the top, and the water shielding material 8 having a friction fixing portion 8 As a method for fixing the material into the embankment 13, a method using the friction fixing portion 8b, a method of directly connecting the water shielding material 3 to the embankment reinforcing material 1, and the like can be used. Different methods are possible.

The embankment can also be constructed by using the first construction method described above and the construction method according to the comparative example in combination.

Hereinafter, the joint of the water shielding materials laid on the slope, which is common to the first construction method of the present embodiment and the construction method according to the comparative example, will be described.

  About joining of the water shielding materials laid on the slope, it is preferable from the viewpoint of safety that the water shielding material is laid on each intermediate height bank before the next bank is constructed.

  When the water shielding materials 3 and 8 that have already been laid below the embankment slope are present, the lateral connection with the water shielding materials 3 and 8 is when the level of this connection part is below the stored water level. It is preferable to connect by thermal welding. Further, when the level of the connection portion is higher than the stored water level, it is possible to use heat welding, adhesive, overlapping, connection using a gasket, etc., but it is sufficient on the laid water shielding materials 3 and 8. It is preferable to superimpose and overlap the tiles. According to this method, water leakage can be prevented without performing heat welding.

  Although heat welding work of a water shielding sheet on a steep slope is dangerous, in the present invention, work can be performed safely by performing heat welding work above the stored water level by tile-like superposition. can do. Furthermore, in the present invention, since the slope is steeply inclined, it has a feature that the effect of preventing water leakage by the tile-like overlapping is great. In addition, in the case of tile-like superposition, it is preferable to fix the water shielding materials with a hook-and-loop fastener or the like in order to prevent turning up by wind or the like.

  On the other hand, for vertical joining of the water shielding materials 3 and 8 laid in parallel, thermal welding, bonding using an adhesive, a gasket, or the like can be used.

  In addition, as mentioned above, after joining a water-shielding material to each intermediate height embankment, it can also perform joining of water-shielding materials other than before constructing the next banking. For example, the lower joint is performed at the time of embankment construction, and the upper joint is suitable as a foothold when the waste landfill is advanced to a predetermined height after the landfill is started. It is also possible to perform a joining operation.

  In the above embodiment, the water blocking material 3 is connected to the connecting sheet 4a of the friction fixing material 4 in order to fix the water blocking material 3. However, the fixing method of the water blocking material 3 is not limited to this embodiment. It is also possible to fix the end 3c of the water material 3 to the embankment 13 directly by an anchor. In this case, an anchor formed in a nail shape, a concrete lump shape, or the like can be used.

  The method for constructing a soil structure of the present invention is advantageous when used for constructing a soil structure having a slope with water barrier properties, such as a waste disposal site or a water storage structure.

A Ground surface B Slope 1 Embankment reinforcement 2 Slope material 3 Water shielding material 3a Water shielding sheet 3b Protective mat 3c End 4 Friction fixing material 4a Water shielding sheet, connecting sheet 4b Planar material 5, 5a Vertical joint 6 , 6a Lateral joining 7 Fall prevention device 8 Water shielding material having friction fixed portion 8b Geogrid 8a Water shielding sheet 8d Hot melt adhesive 8c Protective mat or drainage material 13 Embankment 14 Rolling press

Claims (3)

Before reaching the desired finished height by repeatedly laying, embanking and rolling the embankment reinforcement, the embankment is sloped when the embankment reaches a height corresponding to the length of the impermeable material. And fixed in the embankment by connecting to the friction fixing material provided with a connecting sheet in advance through the connecting sheet , and then repeating the above steps to have the desired finished height. A method for constructing a soil structure, characterized by constructing a soil structure having water impermeability.   The method for constructing a soil structure according to claim 1, wherein the water shielding materials laid on the slope are integrated by connecting each other.   The method for constructing a soil structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water shielding material is formed by superimposing a water shielding sheet and a protective mat or drainage material.

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