JP5300263B2 - Co2含有空気中での使用のための銀−ガス拡散電極並びにその製造方法 - Google Patents
Co2含有空気中での使用のための銀−ガス拡散電極並びにその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5300263B2 JP5300263B2 JP2007521845A JP2007521845A JP5300263B2 JP 5300263 B2 JP5300263 B2 JP 5300263B2 JP 2007521845 A JP2007521845 A JP 2007521845A JP 2007521845 A JP2007521845 A JP 2007521845A JP 5300263 B2 JP5300263 B2 JP 5300263B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8878—Treatment steps after deposition of the catalytic active composition or after shaping of the electrode being free-standing body
- H01M4/8896—Pressing, rolling, calendering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9075—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
- H01M8/0668—Removal of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/08—Fuel cells with aqueous electrolytes
- H01M8/083—Alkaline fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Description
CO2+2KOH→K2CO3+H2O (1)
残留溶液のpH値に応じて、この炭酸塩は結晶化するか又は溶解したままである。このことは、種々の理由から所望されない:
− 塩素−アルカリ−電気分解においては、水酸化ナトリウムが生じ、かつ炭酸ナトリウムが生じないことが望ましい。すなわちこの炭酸塩化は、装置効率を減少させる。
− アルカリ燃料電池においては、水酸化カリウムのイオン伝導性が炭酸カリウムの形成により減少する。特に電流密度が大きい場合には、このことは顕著に見られ、かつ電気効率に悪影響を与える。
− 亜鉛/空気電池か又はアルカリ燃料電池の場合には、この炭酸塩は、多孔性ガス拡散電極の細孔中で結晶化し、そして空気進入を完全に遮断する。従って電池もしくは燃料電池は使用不可能になる。
− 高められたガス圧(50ミリバール)の場合に電解質が充填し得ない、直径10μmより大きい細孔を生じさせる。
− 疎水性材料を部分的に電極構造内に導入し、こうしてその湿潤化を防ぐ。
− この触媒表面は電解質に反応し、これは別個疎水的である。特に、炭素含有触媒の場合には、所定の表面基の除去を達成することにより疎水性を変化させることができる。
この触媒の湿潤性により、このガス拡散電極の非常に小さい細孔の疎水性を調節する。この場合、銀は、最大で2分子の湿潤化(2−molekulare Benetzung)を特徴とする。アマルガム化された銀表面については、この湿潤化は更に単分子のみにすぎない。
− 疎水性結合材料:
この電極の結合材料としてのPTFEは、その低い湿潤可能性のために、数十分の一ミリメートルから5μmの範囲内の細孔を疎水化することができる。一定の疎水化は、懸濁液製造か又は「反応性混合(Reactive Mixing)」により達成することができる。
− 疎水性孔径:
この作業条件及びハーゲン−ポアズイユの公式から、上述の条件下で電解質がちょうどもはや流れないマクロな細孔半径が生ずる。ガス圧比に応じて、この細孔半径は5〜20μmである。
− pH値:
この触媒のpH値は、付加的な大きさを調節する。かかるpH値の測定は、炭素含有触媒にとっては慣例的である。酸性表面により、一般的に存在する炭酸カリウムは直ちに分解して更に水酸化カリウム及び二酸化炭素になる。
Claims (3)
- PTFE基板上の銀触媒からガス拡散電極を製造するにあたり、湿潤性を付与する充填剤をこの銀触媒の細孔系に充填し、粒度が銀触媒よりも大きい固体をこの銀触媒下で混合し、こうして圧縮安定性を示す材料を第1のカレンダー内で成形して均質な触媒帯状物を得て、第2のカレンダー内で電気伝導性導体材料をこの触媒帯状物中に押し込む方法において、この第1のカレンダーと第2のカレンダーとの間において、この湿潤性を付与する充填剤の少なくとも一部が除去されるまで加熱装置により加熱を行うことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法により製造されたガス拡散電極。
- アルカリ電解質中のCO2含有ガス混合物からの酸素還元に適合させた細孔構造及び疎水性を有し、
この電解質からのCO2脱離がCO2吸着と比べて大きく、
電解質が充填されている内部の細孔と外部の電解質との間に、この脱離を促進する圧力差が存在し、
この圧力差は、毛管降下により形成され、
この毛管降下は、触媒表面によりもたらされ、
触媒として銀が使用され、かつこの銀触媒はアマルガム化されており、
この触媒は付加的なPTFEの添加により疎水化された、請求項2に記載のガス拡散電極。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004034885A DE102004034885A1 (de) | 2004-07-19 | 2004-07-19 | Silber-Gasdiffusionselektrode für den Einsatz in CO2-haltiger Luft |
DE102004034885.5 | 2004-07-19 | ||
PCT/EP2005/007467 WO2006008014A1 (de) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-07-09 | Silber-gasdiffusionselektrode für den einsatz in co2-haltiger luft sowie verfahren zur herstellung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2008506846A JP2008506846A (ja) | 2008-03-06 |
JP5300263B2 true JP5300263B2 (ja) | 2013-09-25 |
Family
ID=35668448
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2007521845A Expired - Fee Related JP5300263B2 (ja) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-07-09 | Co2含有空気中での使用のための銀−ガス拡散電極並びにその製造方法 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080292944A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1769551B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5300263B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101251672B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1989642B (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE459988T1 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0513458A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2573636C (ja) |
DE (2) | DE102004034885A1 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2373613C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006008014A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110168550A1 (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2011-07-14 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Graded electrode technologies for high energy lithium-ion batteries |
DE102011100461A1 (de) | 2010-04-29 | 2011-11-03 | Andreas Gabler | Gasdiffusionselektrode |
US8945368B2 (en) | 2012-01-23 | 2015-02-03 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Separation and/or sequestration apparatus and methods |
DE102014208575A1 (de) * | 2014-05-07 | 2015-11-12 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Gasdiffusionselektrode und deren Verwendung |
DE102015203245A1 (de) * | 2015-02-24 | 2016-08-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Abscheidung eines kupferhaltigen, Kohlenwasserstoffe entwickelnden Elektrokatalysators auf Nicht-Kupfer-Substraten |
DE102018211189A1 (de) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-01-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Elektrodenmaterialbandes |
FR3104828B1 (fr) | 2019-12-13 | 2022-11-11 | Electricite De France | Procédé de fabrication d’une électrode à gaz présentant un gradient de composition |
US20230374676A1 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2023-11-23 | Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno | Gas diffusion layer for electrochemically converting gas |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL278149A (ja) * | 1961-05-08 | 1900-01-01 | ||
US3553032A (en) * | 1969-01-21 | 1971-01-05 | Sony Corp | Method of making a fuel cell electrode by thermal decomposition of silver carbonate |
DE2941774C2 (de) * | 1979-10-16 | 1985-03-21 | Varta Batterie Ag, 3000 Hannover | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer kunststoffgebundenen Aktivkohleschicht für dünne Gasdiffusionselektroden |
DE3303779A1 (de) * | 1983-02-04 | 1984-08-16 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur herstellung eines katalytisch wirksamen elektrodenmaterials fuer sauerstoffverzehr-elektroden |
JPH07278864A (ja) * | 1994-04-06 | 1995-10-24 | Permelec Electrode Ltd | ガス拡散電極 |
FR2773499B1 (fr) * | 1998-01-14 | 2000-02-11 | Air Liquide | Procede de purification par adsorption de l'air avant distillation cryogenique |
DE10130441B4 (de) * | 2001-06-23 | 2005-01-05 | Uhde Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Gasdiffusionselektroden |
-
2004
- 2004-07-19 DE DE102004034885A patent/DE102004034885A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-07-09 BR BRPI0513458-7A patent/BRPI0513458A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-07-09 WO PCT/EP2005/007467 patent/WO2006008014A1/de active Application Filing
- 2005-07-09 JP JP2007521845A patent/JP5300263B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-09 AT AT05763382T patent/ATE459988T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-07-09 US US11/632,789 patent/US20080292944A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-07-09 EP EP05763382A patent/EP1769551B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-07-09 CA CA2573636A patent/CA2573636C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-09 CN CN2005800243680A patent/CN1989642B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-09 KR KR1020077001348A patent/KR101251672B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-07-09 DE DE502005009142T patent/DE502005009142D1/de active Active
- 2005-07-09 RU RU2007105878/09A patent/RU2373613C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE502005009142D1 (de) | 2010-04-15 |
WO2006008014A1 (de) | 2006-01-26 |
KR101251672B1 (ko) | 2013-04-05 |
BRPI0513458A (pt) | 2008-05-06 |
RU2373613C2 (ru) | 2009-11-20 |
EP1769551B1 (de) | 2010-03-03 |
CA2573636C (en) | 2012-09-11 |
DE102004034885A1 (de) | 2006-02-16 |
US20080292944A1 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
JP2008506846A (ja) | 2008-03-06 |
CN1989642B (zh) | 2013-01-23 |
RU2007105878A (ru) | 2008-08-27 |
KR20070046074A (ko) | 2007-05-02 |
EP1769551A1 (de) | 2007-04-04 |
ATE459988T1 (de) | 2010-03-15 |
CN1989642A (zh) | 2007-06-27 |
CA2573636A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
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