JP5280261B2 - Reluctance motor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reluctance motor capable of readily replacing a conventional small DC motor in which size and vibration can be reduced while preventing an increase in manufacturing cost. <P>SOLUTION: The reluctance motor includes a stator having 2 m (m is a natural number of 1 or above) salient poles in which total 2 m magnets 12 are arranged in the adjacent gap at the forward end of each salient pole 11 such that facing magnetic poles have the same polarity with the magnetic pole touching the lateral part at the forward end of the salient pole 11 and a winding 13 is applied to the salient poles, and a rotor having n (n is a natural number other than 1) protrusions 21, where n/m does not become a natural number of 2 or less, i.e., pole teeth or magnetic resistance reducing parts provided oppositely to the salient poles 11. The positional relationship in the diametrical direction among coupling portions of stator iron cores which constitute the stator, the magnet 12 and the winding 13, is arranged in order of the coupling portion, the winding 13, and the magnet 12. The adjacent windings 13 face through a gap formed between the coupling portion and the magnet 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a reluctance motor.

  A switched reluctance motor (hereinafter referred to as SR motor) that does not require the use of an expensive permanent magnet is known (see Non-Patent Document 1). This SR motor has a stator winding (stator) and concentrated winding phase windings, and the windings are wound so that the salient poles facing each other are the opposite poles of N and S. Each phase is switched by a semiconductor power switch.

  There is no phase winding in the rotor of the SR motor, and it is generally said that the rotor has two salient poles less than the number of magnetic poles of the stator, but other combinations are also known. ing. That is, in the three-phase machine, a combination of the stator 6 poles, the rotor 4 poles, and in the 4-phase machine, the combination of the stator 8 poles and the rotor 6 poles is widely used, but other combinations are also often used. This SR motor requires an encoder signal for detecting the position of the rotor in order to synchronize with the pulse current of the phase current. That is, the SR motor rotates the rotor by a control of synchronizing the phase winding pulse signal of the stator with the semiconductor switch based on the rotor position sensor detection signal.

  The superiority of this SR motor is its high operating efficiency. Compared with a brushless DC motor, the SR motor does not use a permanent magnet for the rotor, so it is advantageous in terms of high centrifugal force (magnet scattering prevention), improved operating efficiency, and manufacturing cost ( See Technical Literature 1). In the field of such SR motors, sensorless ones have recently appeared (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  The inventor of the present application has previously developed a hybrid motor (stepping motor) including both a coil and a permanent magnet in order to reduce the size and increase the torque (Patent Document 3). After that, the basic idea was further developed, and a self-improved energy efficiency was achieved by providing a plurality of magnetic yokes having E-shaped salient poles and arranging a cylindrical magnetic body between the E-shaped salient poles. A start-up type synchronous motor was invented (see Patent Document 4). The present inventor has also developed and proposed a hybrid magnet type DC motor pursuing further small and high torque (Patent Document 5).

JP 2001-309691 A (abstract) JP 2002-186283 A (abstract) JP 2000-150228 A (Abstract) JP 2001-258221 A (FIG. 1) JP 2002-247825 A (abstract)

Nikkei Mechanical Issued February 3, 1997 499 P50-61 “SR motors are growing rapidly in Europe and America”

  Since the conventional SR motor is a motor that rotates using a magnetic resistance, it is necessary to reduce the air gap in order to increase the torque. In order to reduce the size of an SR motor using such a principle, it is necessary to minimize the air gap. In addition, the SR motor tends to have large vibrations and is not suitable for high-functional electronic devices.

  Sugano, one of the inventors of the present application, invented a hybrid magnet as described above, and further developed a stepping motor, a self-starting synchronous motor, and a hybrid magnet type by developing the hybrid magnet. I have created a DC machine.

  However, deployment to motors has not been as successful as expected. The main reason for this is considered that the stepping motors, synchronous motors, and DC machines of Patent Documents 3, 4, and 5 have a special configuration and the manufacturing cost is too high. In addition, it is difficult to deploy due to the special configuration, and it is considered that one of the causes is that it is not easy to replace a conventional motor, particularly a small DC motor.

  In addition, the inventors of the present application developed a motor in which one hybrid magnet is configured as one salient pole and a plurality of hybrid magnets having the same shape are arranged in a circular shape and published in a magazine (2002). "WEDGE" January issue P80-P81 issued on December 20). However, a configuration in which this hybrid magnet is simply deployed on a motor is not sufficiently satisfactory in terms of vibration. Moreover, when deploying to a motor, it is necessary to fully consider the efficient use of magnetic flux, but this is also insufficient.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and has a novel configuration that enables downsizing and vibration reduction, suppresses an increase in manufacturing cost, and can be easily replaced with a conventional small DC motor. An object of the present invention is to provide a reluctance motor. Another object of the present invention is to provide a reluctance motor that can sufficiently use the magnetic flux efficiently even when deployed in a motor.

To achieve the above object, re reluctance motor of the present invention, the number of salient poles and 2m (m is a natural number of 1 or more), the adjacent gap between the tip of each salient pole, the opposing magnetic pole becomes the same polarity and the magnetic pole is arranged a total of 2m pieces of the magnet in contact with the lateral portion of the distal end of the salient pole, and facilities windings on the salient poles, a stator base of the salient pole are connected by a connecting portion, the protrusion Where n / m is a natural number of 2 or less, where n / m is a natural number other than 1, and is a pole tooth or magnetoresistance reducing portion provided facing the salient pole A stator core that constitutes the stator, a magnet and a positional relationship in the radial direction of the winding are arranged in the order of the connecting portion, the winding, and the magnet. It faces through a gap formed between the connecting portion and the magnet.

  The reluctance motor of the present invention can be a stator having an even number of salient poles and a good mechanical balance. In addition, since the magnet is sandwiched between the salient poles, the stator has a substantially circular shape, and the mechanical balance is further improved. These configurations are advantageous in terms of vibration reduction.

  In the reluctance motor of the present invention, since the magnets are placed opposite to each other with the same polarity, the salient pole sandwiched between the N pole and N pole of the magnet is excited to become the N pole, and the S pole of the magnet By exciting the salient pole sandwiched between the S and S poles to become the S pole, the cooperative relationship between the excitation magnetic flux and the magnet magnetic flux becomes extremely strong during excitation, and the force acting on the rotor is increased. . For this reason, the air gap between the stator and the rotor can be widened, and it is possible to reduce the size of the reluctance motor.

  Further, the reluctance motor of the present invention can have almost the same structure as a conventional small DC motor or reluctance motor, so that the manufacturing cost does not increase and the replacement from the small DC motor is easy.

  This reluctance motor can be a stator having an even number of salient poles and a good mechanical balance. In addition, since the magnet is sandwiched between the salient poles, the stator has a substantially circular shape, and the mechanical balance is further improved. These configurations are advantageous in terms of vibration reduction.

  In addition, this reluctance motor excites the salient pole in contact with the N pole of the magnet so that it becomes the N pole, and excites the salient pole in contact with the S pole of the magnet so that it becomes the S pole. The cooperative relationship between the magnetic flux of the magnet and the magnetic flux of the magnet becomes extremely strong, and the force acting on the rotor is increased. For this reason, the air gap between the stator and the rotor can be widened, and it is possible to reduce the size of the reluctance motor.

  Further, the reluctance motor of the present invention can have almost the same structure as a conventional small DC motor or reluctance motor, so that the manufacturing cost does not increase and the replacement from the small DC motor is easy.

  Further, it is preferable that the axial length of the stator core and the axial length of the magnet are the same, and the radial length of the tip of the salient pole and the radial length of the magnet are the same. Further, m is 2, the number of drive phases is 4, each winding is wound in the same direction for each winding, and the direction of the current flowing through each winding is always the same direction for each winding. preferable.

  Furthermore, m may be an integer of 4 or more, the number of drive phases may be 4 or more, m may be an integer of 4 or more, and the number of drive phases may be 2 or more and m or less.

Li reluctance motor of the present invention includes a stator having windings for the distal end of the plurality of salient poles of magnetic member is disposed in contact with the magnet to the lateral portion of the tip into the gap adjacent to excite the stator teeth A reluctance motor having pole teeth provided opposite to the salient poles or a projecting part serving as a magnetic resistance reducing part, wherein the residual magnetic flux density of the magnet is a, and the saturation magnetic flux density of the salient pole made of a magnetic member (B / x) × Z × 1 where b is the area of the portion of the salient pole that protrudes to the magnet side and the area of the portion facing the rotor is W, and the area of the contact portion of the magnet with the salient pole is Z. The salient poles of the stator are formed so that / 3 ≦ W ≦ (a / b) × Z × 2.

  In this reluctance motor, it is possible to efficiently use the magnetic flux in the salient pole portion, the operation as a motor becomes smooth, and the efficiency is improved.

Also, Li reluctance motor of the present invention, since the tips of the plurality of salient poles of magnetic member is disposed in contact with the lateral portion of the tip magnet portion of the plurality of gaps adjacent to excite the stator teeth In a reluctance motor having a stator having a winding and a rotor having a pole tooth provided opposite to the salient pole or a protrusion serving as a magnetic resistance reducing portion, the residual magnetic flux density of the magnet is a, When the saturation magnetic flux density of the salient pole is b, the area of the portion of the salient pole protruding to the magnet side facing the rotor is W, and the area of the contact portion of the magnet with the salient pole is Z (a / B) × Z × 1/3 ≦ W ≦ (a / b) × Z × 2 The above salient poles of the stator are formed.

  In this reluctance motor, it is possible to efficiently use the magnetic flux in the salient pole portion, the operation as a motor becomes smooth, and the efficiency is improved.

  In addition, the rotor has a cylindrical pole tooth forming body. The pole tooth forming body is provided with n through holes in the circumferential direction in which the magnetic resistance is increased, and n adjacent portions in the circumferential direction of each through hole are provided. It is good also as a magnetoresistive reduction part.

  When the rotor is configured in this way, the rotor can be manufactured efficiently and inexpensively. Further, the inertia of the rotor can be easily reduced, and a reluctance motor having a high response speed can be obtained.

  According to an aspect of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a reluctance motor having a novel configuration that enables downsizing and vibration reduction, suppresses an increase in manufacturing cost, and can be easily replaced with a conventional small DC motor. In another aspect, it is possible to obtain a reluctance motor that can sufficiently use the magnetic flux efficiently even when deployed in the motor.

It is an end surface sectional view of the reluctance motor concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the stator core part and rotor core part of the reluctance motor which concern on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the connection relation of the coil | winding of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and shows a switch control part and its periphery circuit. It is a figure which shows the current waveform sent through the coil | winding of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the electric current condition sent through each coil | winding of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, (A) shows the time change and electric current total of the current sent through each coil | winding, (B) is It is the table | surface which put together the flow of the magnetic flux in the stator of the switching step and each step. It is a figure which shows the flow of the magnetic flux of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows the flow of the magnetic flux between the time T1-T2. It is a figure which shows the flow of the magnetic flux of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows the flow of the magnetic flux immediately after the time T2. It is a figure which shows collectively the flow of the magnetic flux by the excitation of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and the state of switching of each phase. It is a figure which shows collectively the flow of the excitation magnetic flux of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the salient pole excited at the time of each step and switching step of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention by (circle). It is a figure which shows the current waveform sent through the coil | winding of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the modification of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the other modification of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the stator core part and rotor core part of the reluctance motor which concern on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the magnetic flux which flows in the stator of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and a switching step. It is the table | surface which put together and matched the flow of the magnetic flux in the stator of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, the switching step, and the magnetization state of a salient pole. It is a figure which shows the flow of the magnetic flux of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows the state at the time of 1st phase drive. It is a figure which shows the flow of the magnetic flux of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows the state at the time of a 2nd phase drive start. It is a figure which shows the flow of the magnetic flux of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows the state at the time of completion | finish of 2nd phase drive. It is a figure which shows the flow of the magnetic flux of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows the state at the time of a 3rd phase drive start. It is a figure which shows the flow of the magnetic flux of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows the state at the time of the 3rd phase drive completion | finish. It is a figure which shows the flow of the magnetic flux of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows the state at the time of a 4th phase drive start. It is a top view of the stator core part and rotor core part of the reluctance motor which concern on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the magnetic flux which flows in the stator of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention, and a switching step. It is the table | surface which put together and matched the flow of the magnetic flux in the stator of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention, the switching step, and the magnetization state of a salient pole. It is a figure which shows the flow of the magnetic flux of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows the state at the time of 1st phase drive. It is a figure which shows the flow of the magnetic flux of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows the state at the time of 2nd phase drive. It is a figure which shows the magnetic flux which flows in the stator of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention, and a switching step. It is a figure which shows the commutator part used for the reluctance motor which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is the table | surface which put together and matched the switching step of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention, the salient pole excited, and a brush. It is a figure which shows the commutator part used for the reluctance motor which concerns on the 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is the table | surface which put together and matched the switching step of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 6th Embodiment of this invention, the salient pole excited, and a brush. It is an end surface sectional view of the reluctance motor concerning a 7th embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the stator core part and rotor core part of the reluctance motor which concern on the 7th Embodiment of this invention. It is an end surface sectional view of the reluctance motor concerning an 8th embodiment of the present invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of one stator structure part (except bobbin winding) of the reluctance motor concerning an 8th embodiment of the present invention. It is AA sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a figure which shows the rotor of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 8th Embodiment of this invention, and is the figure which showed the iron core with the continuous line, and showed the other part with the dashed-dotted line. It is sectional drawing of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 9th Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the pole tooth formation object used as the rotor of the reluctance motor concerning a 9th embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the magnet integrated in the stator of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 10th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the magnetization method of the magnet of the stator of the reluctance motor which concerns on the 10th Embodiment of this invention. Table showing the relationship between the number of stator salient poles and the number of rotor protrusions in the reluctance motor according to the first to tenth embodiments of the present invention, and the motors marked with a circle in the table It is a figure which shows that corresponds to this invention. It is the figure which graphed the data which show that the reluctance motor of this invention is torque-up compared with the past. It is the figure which graphed the data which show that the reluctance motor of this invention can be rotated to a big torque range compared with the past.

  Hereinafter, a reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  This reluctance motor combines the advantages of a conventional SR motor with the advantages of a hybrid magnet, and is not just a combination of both, but also the arrangement of magnets, the number of salient poles of the stator, By appropriately arranging the magnets, such as the way of flowing, in particular, the vibration can be improved and the conventional small DC motor can be easily replaced.

  As described above, the reluctance motor of the first embodiment is an application of an SR motor and a hybrid magnet, and is hereinafter referred to as an HB-SR motor. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the HB-SR motor 10 is a so-called five-phase drive motor, and includes a stator 1, a rotor 2, a holder part 3, an encoder part 4, and a frame 5. ing. The HB-SR motor 10 of the first embodiment is a small motor having a height H of 30 mm and a main body diameter R of 79 mm.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the stator 1 includes ten salient poles 11a to 11j, ten magnets 12a to 12j arranged in adjacent gaps at the tips of the salient poles 11a to 11j, and each salient pole 11a. 10 windings 13a to 13j installed by winding a coil on the base side of 11j. Hereinafter, the salient poles 11a to 11j, the magnets 12a to 12j, and the windings 13a to 13j, respectively, unless particularly specific salient poles, magnets, and windings are meant, the salient poles 11, the magnets 12, and the windings 13 I will call it.

  The stator material forming the salient poles 11 of the stator 1 is a high permeability material, that is, a soft magnetic material, and is composed of pure iron having a very high saturation magnetic flux density of 2.15 Tesla. In the center of 14, it is made into the thin plate which has the engagement hole 15 in which the holder part 3 is inserted. By laminating the thin plates, a stator iron core is formed. The mechanical angle (slot angle) that is the tip width of each salient pole 11 of the stator 1 is 24 degrees. The base side on which the winding 13 of the salient pole 11 is applied is about half as thin as the tip.

  The magnet 12 has a trapezoidal bar shape in which the side facing the rotor 2 is longer than the surface on the opposite side, and the radial length of the surface facing the salient pole 11 is the radial length of the tip of the salient pole 11. Are the same or slightly smaller. This magnet 12 is a rare earth magnet using neodymium and having a residual magnetic flux density of 1.20 Tesla, and is magnetized so that the opposing magnetic poles of adjacent magnets 12 are the same pole, and the magnetic poles are salient poles. 11 is arranged so as to be in contact with the lateral portion of the tip. The width of each magnet 12 is 12 degrees, which is half of the salient pole 11. Each magnet 12 is fixed by adhering to the salient pole 11 with an adhesive.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the axial length of the magnet 12 is the same as the axial length of the stator core, and the radial length is the same as the radial width of the tip of the salient pole 11. . Here, the radial length of the magnet 12, that is, the radial width of the tip of the salient pole 11 is L1, and the length of the salient pole 11 protruding to the magnet 12 side and facing the rotor 2 is the length. Where L1: L2 = 1: 0.6. Further, L1 has the same length in all corresponding portions of the HB-SR motor 10, and L2 has the same length in all corresponding portions of the HB-SR motor 10. The residual magnetic flux density of the magnet 12 is a, the saturation magnetic flux density of the salient pole 11 is b, the area of the portion of the salient pole 11 protruding to the magnet 12 side facing the rotor 2 is W, When the stator 1 is formed such that (a / b) × Z × 1/3 ≦ W ≦ (a / b) × Z × 2 when the area of the contact portion with the salient pole 11 is Z, the salient pole When 11 is excited by the winding 13 and is saturated, the magnetic flux of the magnet 12 can be used effectively, resulting in an efficient reluctance motor.

  In this embodiment, since a = 1.20 Tesla, b = 2.15 Tesla, and the axial lengths of the magnet 12 and the stator core are the same, it can be grasped as W = L2 and Z = L1. Therefore, 0.19 × L1 ≦ L2 ≦ 1.12 × L1, and if L1 = 1, then 0.19 ≦ L2 ≦ 1.12, and the width of the portion where the tip of the salient pole 11 protrudes to the magnet 12 side is A preferable value is 0.19 to 1.12 times the radial width of the tip of the salient pole 11. In consideration of further effective utilization of the magnet 12, (a / b) × Z ≦ W ≦ (a / b) × Z × 1.5 is more preferable.

  Each of the windings 13 is formed by winding a coil in the same direction from the connecting portion 14 side of the stator core toward the tip of the salient pole 11. The number of turns of the coil is about 100 to 200. The winding direction of the coil may be wound from the tip end side of the salient pole 11 toward the connecting portion 14 side. The winding method is preferably aligned winding, but other winding methods may be used.

  The rotor 2 includes six projecting portions 21, a hub portion 22 for placing a magnetic disk, and a rotating shaft 23 supported by a bearing in the holder portion 3. In the following description, when an individual one is instructed for the protrusion 21, any one of the protrusions 21 a to 21 j is used. The protrusion 21 is a pole tooth and faces the salient pole 11 to provide a stable point in the flow of magnetic flux. Each protrusion 21 has a mechanical angle in a range of 24 degrees.

  The rotor material forming the protrusion 21 of the rotor 2 is a thin plate made of high permeability material, that is, pure iron which is a soft magnetic material. A rotor iron core is formed by laminating these thin plates. The mechanical angle of each protrusion 21 of the rotor 2 is 24 degrees, and the interval between the protrusions 21 is 36 degrees. Further, the width W from the upper surface of FIG. 1 of the frame 5 to the disk mounting surface 22a of the hub portion 22 is 18.5 mm.

  The hub portion 22 is made of aluminum, but may be made of an aluminum silicon alloy in which silicon is about 20 to 30% by weight and aluminum is made 65 to 75% by weight. A rotary shaft 23 is press-fitted and fixed to the hub portion 22. Therefore, the HB-SR motor 10 is a so-called shaft rotation type motor. However, the rotary shaft 23 may be press-fitted and fixed to the holder portion 3 or the frame 5 to be a fixed shaft, and the rotor 2 (rotor core or hub portion 22) rotates around the fixed shaft. good.

  The holder portion 3 supports the stator 2 and holds the bearing. In this embodiment, the holder portion 3 is made of aluminum or the same aluminum silicon alloy as described above. The encoder unit 4 detects the rotational position of the rotor 2 and detects a mark provided on the outer periphery of the rotor 2 with a photo sensor. The encoder unit 4 is installed on a circuit board 6 placed on the frame 5.

  The frame 5 is locked to the holder part 3 by fitting a hole in the center thereof to the holder part 3 and caulking the lower end of the holder part 3 in FIG. The frame 5 may be made of aluminum or other nonmagnetic member, but may be a magnetic member or a functional resin material.

  Connection of each winding 13 is as shown in FIG. The switch control unit 31 is configured by a microcomputer, and stores therein a switch timing of a current flowing to the winding 13 based on a signal detected by the encoder unit 4 and a program for determining a current waveform. . As shown in FIG. 3, the current flowing through each winding 13 is controlled so that the current always flows in a certain direction when flowing.

  FIG. 4 shows a waveform of current flowing through each winding 13. As shown in FIG. 4, the current increases rapidly, and when the time ΔT1 has elapsed, reaches the maximum amount LA, and maintains the maximum amount LA for the time tA−Δt. This current decreases rapidly when the time elapses tA, decreases to 1/3 or less of the maximum amount LA when the time reaches tA + Δt2, then gradually decreases, and becomes zero at 2 × tA.

  FIG. 5 shows temporal changes and total currents flowing through the windings 13, switching steps, and the flow of magnetic flux in the stator 1 at each step. In FIG. 5 to FIG. 8, the divided areas U to Z and A to D are assigned corresponding to the widths of the salient poles 11 a to 11 j.

  First, for example, a current is passed through the windings 13a and 13f (T16 in FIG. 5). At that time, a current is passed so that the salient poles 11a and 11f are opposite in polarity. In this embodiment, the salient pole 11a is excited to the N pole and the salient pole 11f is excited to the S pole. Next, at T1, current starts to flow through the windings 13c and 13h. At this time, a current also flows through the windings 13a and 13f. Then, during time T1 to T2 (= step S1), a current flows through the windings 13a, 13c, 13f, and 13h.

  Thereafter, at time T2, the currents of the windings 13a and 13f are turned off, and the current starts to flow through the windings 13e and 13j. At this time, a current also flows through the windings 13c and 13h. Thereafter, at the time T3, the currents of the windings 13c and 13h are turned off, and at the same time, a current is supplied to the windings 13b and 13g.

  As described above, the current is sequentially turned on and cut off. Note that step S2 in FIG. 5B corresponds to times T2 to T3, step S3 corresponds to times T3 to T4, step S4 corresponds to times T4 to T5, and step S5 corresponds to times T5 to T6. Equivalent to.

  In FIG. 3, the magnetic poles (N, S) in which the salient poles 11a to 11j are excited by the windings 13a to 13j are clearly shown. As described above, in the first embodiment, the direction of the current flowing through each winding 13 is always constant for each winding 13, and the pole formed by excitation is always constant. Moreover, the poles formed by excitation are alternately arranged NS.

  Further, as shown in “total” in FIG. 5, the pulsation of the current that causes torque ripple hardly moves up and down in parallel, and torque ripple hardly occurs.

  Next, the rotation operation of the HB-SR motor 10 configured as described above will be described, and the flow of magnetic flux will be described together.

  FIG. 6 shows the flow of magnetic flux between times T1 and T2 in FIG. Further, the state of FIG. 6 will be described as the initial rotation position. Here, the numbers 1 to 10 with circles (in the figure, 1 to 10 are indicated by rounded numbers but are indicated by numbers with parentheses in the specification) are numbers corresponding to the salient poles 11a to 11j. . As shown in FIG. 6, at time T1 to T2, the winding 13a (= (1)), the winding 13c (= (3)), the winding 13f (= (6)), and the winding 13h (= ( A current is passed to 8)). At this time, a current is passed through the winding 13a so that the salient pole 11a (= (1)) becomes N pole, and the salient pole 11c (= (3)) becomes N pole in the winding 13c. A current is passed through. In addition, a current flows through the winding 13f and the winding 13h so that the salient poles 11f (= (6)) and 11h (= (8)) become S poles.

  By this excitation, the magnetic flux flowing in the stator 1 flows from the salient pole 11h (= (8)) to the salient pole 11a (= (1)) and from the salient pole 11f (= (6)) to the salient pole 11c (= (3)). In this way, the salient pole 11h is excited to the S pole, the salient pole 11a to the N pole, the salient pole 11f to the S pole, and the salient pole 11c to the N pole.

  Note that when the arrangement relationship between the rotor 2 and the stator 1 is in the state shown in FIG. 6 in relation to the rotational speed, the current waveform may already exceed the time point T2, but the explanation will be omitted. Considering the ease of operation, the state of FIG. 6 is assumed to be immediately before time T2.

  FIG. 6 shows a magnetic flux generated by the magnet 12 in addition to the magnetic flux generated by the above-described excitation. All the magnetic fluxes including the magnetic fluxes from the magnets 12 are arranged symmetrically, and the magnetic balance is good. Such a magnetic balance is the same in other states, and the rotor 2 rotates while always maintaining a good magnetic balance.

  In the state shown in FIG. 6, the salient pole 11c (= (3)) and the protruding portion 21b are slightly shifted, and the salient pole 11h (= (8)) and the protruding portion 21e are slightly shifted in the same manner. . In these two portions, the position serving as a stable point, that is, the salient pole 11c (= (3)) and the protrusion 21b completely face each other, and the salient pole 11h (= (8)) and the protrusion 21e completely face each other. The force which tries to move to the position to work works. On the other hand, the salient pole 11a (= (1)) and the projection 21a are completely opposed, and the salient pole 11e (= (6)) and the projection 21d are completely opposed. It is a stable position.

  For this reason, the rotor 2 as a whole receives force in the direction of the arrow shown on the outer periphery of the rotor 2 in FIG. 6 and tries to rotate clockwise in FIG. If the excitation state shown in FIG. 6 is maintained, the rotor 2 rotates. When the rotor 2 further rotates, the completely opposed portion is displaced, and a force for rotating in the opposite direction acts at that portion. Before the force in the direction opposite to the direction indicated by the arrow is applied, the winding 13 through which the current flows is switched.

  FIG. 7 shows a state immediately after FIG. FIG. 7 shows the flow of magnetic flux immediately after time T2. In FIG. 7, the current to the winding 13a (= (1)) and the winding 13f (= (6)) is cut off, and instead the winding 13e (= (5)) and the winding 13j ((10) ) Current. The current direction is such that the salient pole 11e (= (5)) is the N pole and the salient pole 11j ((10)) is the S pole. As a result, the magnetic flux in the stator 1 from the salient pole 11h (= (8)) flows to the salient pole 11e (= (5)), and the magnetic flux flowing to the salient pole 11c (= (3)) becomes the salient pole 11j ((( 10)).

  In the state of FIG. 7, as compared with FIG. 6, the positional relationship between the salient pole 11c (= (3)) and the protrusion 21b, the salient pole 11h (= (8)) and the protrusion 21e, and the flow of magnetic flux flowing through them. Both have not changed, and the rotor 2 is subjected to a force to rotate in the direction indicated by the arrow (clockwise) as in FIG. On the other hand, by switching the current, the salient pole 11e (= (5)) begins to be excited to the N pole and the salient pole 11j ((10)) starts to be excited to the S pole, so that the protrusion 21c has the salient pole 11e (= (5). )) And the protrusion 21f tends to be in a stable position with respect to the salient pole 11j ((10)). For this reason, a force is applied to the rotor 2 to rotate it at four points in the direction indicated by the arrow (clockwise in FIG. 7).

  Thereafter, the current is switched as shown in the time chart of FIG. FIG. 8 summarizes the flow of magnetic flux by excitation and the state of switching of each phase. In FIG. 8, S1 to S5 correspond to first phase driving to fifth phase driving. Further, S1 to S5 correspond to a switching step.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the salient pole 11a (= (1)) is excited during the first phase drive (S1) and during the fifth phase drive (S5), and becomes the N pole at that time. The magnetic flux emitted from the north pole to the rotor 2 side is ejected to the rotor 2 side together with the magnetic flux from the north pole facing the magnets 12a and 12b on both sides. For this reason, the force acting on the rotor 2 side is significantly improved as compared with only the magnetic force action of the salient pole 11a (= (1)) when simply excited.

  The salient pole 11b (= (2)) is excited during the third phase driving (S3) and the fourth phase driving (S4), and at that time, becomes the S pole. The magnetic flux from the rotor 2 side entering the south pole is also directed to the south poles facing the magnets 12b and 12c on both sides. For this reason, the flowing magnetic flux can be made larger. As a result, the force acting on the rotor 2 side is greatly improved compared to the magnetic force action of the salient pole 11b (= (2)) when simply excited.

  The other salient poles 11c (= (3)), 11e (= (5)), 11g (= (7)), 11i (= (9)) are salient poles 11a (= (1)). In the same way, the N-pole is excited and the operation is the same. On the other hand, salient poles 11d (= (4)), 11f (= (6)), 11h (= (8)), 11j ((10)) are S poles in the same manner as salient poles 11b (= (2)). The action is the same.

  The HB-SR motor 10 of the first embodiment has a good mechanical balance because the number of salient poles of the stator 1 is 10 and 5 times 2 (even number). Further, the number of drive phases is five, and there are two sets of five phases. Therefore, the electromagnetic balance is good. In addition, since the magnet 12 is sandwiched between the salient poles 11, the mechanical balance is further improved and vibration is hardly generated.

  When the number of protrusions (pole teeth) 21 of the rotor 2 is 6 and the number of protrusions 21 is n (natural number other than 1), n / m (m is a natural number of 1 or more and the number of salient poles). 1/2) becomes 6/5 = 1.2 and does not become 1 or 2, so that it can rotate smoothly.

  Further, all the windings 13 are wound in the same direction, that is, in one direction from the root of the salient pole 11 to the tip or the opposite direction, and so-called concentrated magnetic winding is performed. Moreover, a current in only one direction always flows through each winding 13. For this reason, the winding work is facilitated, and the circuit configuration for switching is simplified.

  Further, as described above, the salient pole 11 sandwiched between the magnets 12 is excited so as to be the same pole as the magnetic poles of the opposing magnets 12, so that the force acting on the rotor 2 is greatly increased, and the rotor 2 The air gap between the stator and the stator 1 can be widened, and the motor can be miniaturized. In addition, in terms of the relationship of a, b, W, and Z defined above, the range of (a / b) × Z ≦ W ≦ (a / b) × Z × 1.5, that is, 0.56 ≦ 0. 6 = W ≦ 0.84, which is very preferable in terms of effective use of the magnetic flux of the magnet 12.

  Furthermore, since the rotation position of the rotor 2 is detected by the encoder unit 4 and the current flowing through the winding 13 is switched, the rotation of the rotor 2 becomes smooth. In addition, since the encoder unit 4 is an optical type, the encoder unit 4 is hardly affected by an external magnetic field or a magnetic field of the motor itself.

  In the HB-SR motor 10, the current flowing through the winding 13 is always in a constant direction, and the flowing current has a tensile waveform in which the current increases rapidly as shown in FIG. 4, and the mechanical balance is good. Further, the HB-SR motor 10 has a good electromagnetic balance and a small torque ripple. In addition, it is more powerful than a simple 5-phase motor.

  Next, the HB-SR motor 40 of 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated based on FIGS. 9-11.

  The HB-SR motor 40 of the second embodiment is exactly the same in structure as the HB-SR motor 10 of the first embodiment, except that the switching of the current flowing through the winding 13 is different. Specifically, a 5-phase motor is driven by so-called 1-2 phase excitation. Therefore, hereinafter, only the switching will be described, the description of the configuration will be omitted, and the same reference numerals will be used for the same members as those in the first embodiment.

  First, in the switching step S1, a current is passed through the winding 13a (= (1)) and the winding 13f (= (6)), the salient pole 11a (= (1)) is set to the N pole, and the salient pole 11f (= (6)) is excited to the south pole. Next, while continuing this excitation, a current is passed through the winding 13c (= (3)) and the winding 13h (= (8)), and the salient pole 11c (= (3)) is set as the N pole. Let 11h (= (8)) be the S pole. In this switching step S12, a current is passed through the four windings 13a, 13c, 13f, and 13h. In the next switching step S2, the current to the windings 13a and 13f is cut, and the current flows only in the windings 13c (= (3)) and 13h (= (8)). In this state, current flows only through the two windings 13c and 13h. Thereafter, the current is switched in the order as shown in FIGS.

  The current waveform used for the HB-SR motor 40 is as shown in FIG. That is, the current gradually increases from time 0 to tA, maintains its maximum current from time tA to time 2tA, gradually decreases from time 2tA to time 3tA, and at time 3tA. It becomes zero. Because of such a current waveform, the total current value is leveled and torque ripple is almost eliminated. The current waveform may be a tensile waveform as shown in FIG. 4 or a rectangular wave.

  The HB-SR motor 40 according to the second embodiment has the same effects as the HB-SR motor 10 according to the first embodiment. Note that the five steps S12, S23, S34, S45, and S51 in the switching step employed in the second embodiment may be eliminated, and only the five steps shown in FIG. In this case, adopting a rectangular wave as the current waveform results in so-called stepping motor drive.

  Further, the switching step may be as shown in FIG. That is, only one exciting salient pole is used in each step, and a current is passed through the predetermined winding 13 so that the N pole and the S pole appear alternately in the stator 1. In the case of FIG. 13, a so-called 10-phase motor is obtained, and the electromagnetic balance is slightly deteriorated compared to other examples, but other useful effects are maintained.

  Next, the HB-SR motor 50 of 3rd Embodiment is demonstrated based on FIGS. 14-22.

  The HB-SR motor 50 is a so-called four-phase drive motor, which is a stator 1A including four salient poles 51 (51a to 51d) and a rotor 2A including three protrusions (pole teeth) 54 (54a to 54c). And have. Each of the salient poles 51a to 51d has an opening angle of 60 degrees and is arranged in a cross shape. The stator 1 </ b> A has a structure in which a magnet 52 is sandwiched between the salient poles 51, and a winding 53 is applied to a narrow portion on the base side of each salient pole 51. The overall shape is the same as that shown in FIG.

  The four magnets 52 (52a to 52d) have a trapezoidal cross section and a prism shape. In FIGS. 17 to 22, the shape of the magnet 52 is not a trapezoidal cross section, but a shape having a curved surface along the shape of the salient pole 51. The cross section is a square with a right angle. However, as shown in the drawing, it may be a shape having a curved surface along the shape of the salient pole 51, or a rectangular shape in cross section. The portion of each magnet 52 in contact with the salient pole 51 is magnetized one on the N pole and the other on the S pole, and the radial length of the contact portion is the same as the radial width of the salient pole 51. ing. This magnet is also a neodymium magnet (Nd-Fe-B), but may be other rare earth magnets such as a Samakoba magnet (Sn-Co) or a magnet such as ferrite. This also applies to the magnet 12 of the first embodiment. The axial length of the magnet 52 is the same as the axial length of the stator core of the stator 2A, and the entire side surface of the magnet 52 is in contact with the entire side surface of the salient pole 51 of the stator core. Furthermore, the width of each magnet 52 is 30 degrees.

  Each of the windings 53a to 53d is a concentrated winding, and is formed by winding a coil from the connecting portion 14 side toward the salient pole tip side. The stator iron core that forms the salient poles 51, the connecting portion 14 and the like is composed of one silicon steel plate having a saturation magnetic flux density of 2.0 Tesla. The stator core of the HB-SR motor 10 according to the first embodiment. Similar to the stator core, a stack of pure iron thin plates may be used. In addition, it is good also as a stator iron core by laminating | stacking the thin plate of a silicon steel plate.

  In this stator 1A, the residual magnetic flux density of the magnet 52 is 1.2 Tesla, the saturation magnetic flux density of the salient pole 51 is 2.0 Tesla as described above, and the diameter of the portion protruding to the magnet 52 side at the tip of the salient pole 51 is obtained. The ratio between the length L1 in the direction and the length L2 in the circumferential direction of the protruding portion facing the rotor 2A, that is, L1: L2 is 1: 1.2. L1 has the same length in all corresponding portions of the HB-SR motor 50, and L2 is also the same.

  The iron core of the rotor 2A is formed by superposing thin sheets of permalloy (Fe—Ni alloy). The protrusions 54 of the rotor 2A are configured at equal intervals over a range of 60 degrees. The iron core material of the rotor 2A may be another soft magnetic material such as pure iron or silicon steel plate.

  Unlike the first and second embodiments and modifications thereof, the rotor 2A is provided with supplementary poles 55 (55a to 55c). The auxiliary pole 55 is provided over a range of 30 degrees on one side of the tip of the projection 54, and on the right side in FIG. 14, but other values, for example, any value in the range of 15 to 29 degrees are set. It may be adopted. The auxiliary electrode 55 is formed in one or two sheets at the center of the laminated thin plates, and the tip side of the protruding portion 54 protrudes most toward the stator 1A side, and has a certain inclination so as to gradually move away from the stator 1A. It is formed as a slope with. By providing this auxiliary pole 55, the rotation of the rotor 2A can be made smooth.

  FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 show the correspondence between the direction in which the magnetic flux flows and the switching steps (S1 to S4). FIGS. 17 to 21 show the state of magnetic flux flowing through the stator 1A and the rotor 2A.

  During the first phase drive (= S1), current flows through the windings 53a and 53d, and the magnetic flux in the stator 1A flows from the salient pole 51d to the salient pole 51a (see FIG. 17). As a result, the salient pole 51a sandwiched between the N pole of the magnet 52a and the N pole of the magnet 52b is excited to the N pole, and the salient pole 51d sandwiched between the S pole of the magnet 52a and the S pole of the magnet 52d is S. Excited to the pole. A force in the direction indicated by an arrow in FIG. 17 (clockwise in FIG. 17) acts on the rotor 2A due to the presence of a shift relationship between the salient pole 51d and the protrusion 54c.

  Next, during the second phase drive (= S2), a current is passed through the windings 53c and 53d so that the salient pole 51d is maintained at the S pole and the salient pole 51c is the N pole. The state of the magnetic flux at that time is shown in FIG. A force is exerted between the salient pole 51d and the protruding portion 54c to rotate the rotor 2A in the clockwise direction. On the other hand, the salient pole 51c and the protruding portion 54b do not overlap at all. The force acting on the rotor 2A is hardly generated. However, the magnetic flux emitted from the salient pole 51c to the rotor 2A due to the presence of the auxiliary pole 55b is taken into the rotor 2A by the auxiliary pole 55b and generates a force to rotate the rotor 2A in the clockwise direction. Let

  With these forces, the rotor 2A rotates 30 degrees clockwise in each figure, and the state shown in FIG. 19 is obtained. Then, a third phase drive (= S3) state is established, and a current is passed through the windings 53b and 53c, and the magnetic flux in the stator 1A flows from the salient pole 51b to the salient pole 51c (see FIG. 20). At this time, similarly to the state of FIG. 18, the rotor 2A rotates clockwise by both the acting force between the salient pole 51d and the protruding portion 54b and the acting force between the salient pole 51b and the complementary pole 55a. Continue.

  FIG. 21 shows a state when the rotor 2A is further rotated 30 degrees by this rotation. After that, the state of the fourth phase drive (= S4) shown in FIG. 22 is entered, and the force for rotating the rotor 2A in the clockwise direction is continuously generated. As described above, the rotor 2A continues to rotate.

  The HB-SR motor 50 of the third embodiment has a good mechanical balance because the number of salient poles of the stator 1A is 4, which is twice as many as 2 (an even number). Further, since the number of salient poles is four and the driving is four-phase, and the windings 53 are wound in the same direction and current flows in the same direction, a simple mechanical configuration and a simple circuit configuration can be obtained. .

  In addition, it is possible to achieve smooth rotation and effective use of magnetic flux by installing the auxiliary pole 55, and the motor becomes efficient. Further, as described above, the salient pole 51 sandwiched between the magnets 52 is excited so as to be the same pole as the magnetic poles of the opposing magnets 52, so that the force acting on the rotor 2A is greatly increased. The air gap between 2A and the stator 1A can be widened, and the motor can be miniaturized.

  Furthermore, since the encoder 4 detects the rotational position of the rotor 2A and switches the current flowing through the winding 53, the rotation of the rotor 2A becomes smooth. In addition, since the encoder unit 4 is an optical type, the encoder unit 4 is hardly affected by an external magnetic field or a magnetic field of the motor itself.

  Next, an HB-SR motor 60 according to a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The HB-SR motor 60 is a so-called four-phase drive motor, and has a stator 1B having eight salient poles 61a to 61h and a rotor 2B having six protrusions (pole teeth) 64a to 64f. . Each of the salient poles 61a to 61h has an open angle of 30 degrees and is arranged at equal intervals. The stator 1 </ b> B has a structure in which a magnet 62 is sandwiched between the salient poles 61, and a winding 63 is applied to a narrow portion on the base side of each salient pole 61. The overall shape is the same as that shown in FIG.

  The eight magnets 62a to 62h are rectangular cylinders with a right-angled cross section of 15 degrees in width, but in the figure, the shape is not a right-angled cross section but a shape having a curved surface along the shape of the salient pole 61. Has been. This is a curved surface for the purpose of drawing, and is actually a quadrangle in cross section. However, as shown in the drawing, the magnet 62 may have a curved surface along the shape of the salient pole 61. As for the part which touches the salient pole 61 of each magnet 62, one is magnetized to N pole and the other is magnetized to S pole. The axial length of each magnet 62 is the same as the axial length of the iron core portion of the stator 1 </ b> B, and the entire side surface of the magnet 62 is in contact with the entire side surface of the tip of the salient pole 61. This magnet is also a neodymium magnet (Nd-Fe-B), and its residual magnetic flux density is 1.10 Tesla, but other rare earth magnets such as samakoba magnet (Sn-Co) and magnets such as ferrite can also be used. good.

  Each of the windings 63a to 63h is a concentrated winding, and is formed by winding a coil from the connecting portion 14 side toward the salient pole tip side. The stator iron core that forms the salient poles 61, the connecting portion 14 and the like is composed of a plurality of silicon steel plates having a saturation magnetic flux density of 1.9 Tesla. The stator core of the HB-SR motor 10 according to the first embodiment. Similar to the stator core, a stack of pure iron thin plates may be used.

  The HB-SR motor 60 corresponds to the length of the magnet 62 in the radial direction, that is, the length L1 of the contact portion between the salient pole 61 and the magnet 62, and the portion of the rotor 2B that protrudes to the magnet 62 side of the salient pole 61. The ratio with the width L2 of the portion to be made is 1: 0.8. Thus, when each salient pole 61 is excited by energizing the winding 63, even when the magnetic flux generated by the excitation passes through the salient pole 61, most of the magnetic flux of the magnet 62 acts on the rotor 2B. It is possible to pass through the portion of the salient pole 61 that protrudes to the magnet 62 side.

  The iron core of the rotor 2B is formed by superposing thin silicon steel plates each having a saturation magnetic flux density of 1.9 stellar. The protrusions 64 of the rotor 2B are configured at equal intervals over a range of 30 degrees. The core material of the rotor 2B may be another soft magnetic material such as pure iron or permalloy.

  As in the third embodiment, the rotor 2B is provided with complementary poles 65 (65a to 65f). The auxiliary pole 65 is provided over a range of 15 degrees on one side of the tip of the protrusion 64, and on the right side in FIG. 23, but other values, for example, any value in the range of 7 to 14 degrees. It is also good. The auxiliary pole 65 is formed on one or two sheets at the center of the laminated thin plates, and the tip side of the protrusion 64 protrudes most toward the stator 1B, and has a certain inclination so that it gradually moves away from the stator 1B. It is formed as a linear slope having.

  By providing this auxiliary pole 65, the rotation of the rotor 2B can be made smooth. The complementary pole 65 and the previous complementary pole 55 do not have a linear slope, but may be a slope protruding in a circular shape or a slope recessed in a curved shape.

  FIG. 24 and FIG. 25 show the correspondence between the direction in which the magnetic flux flows and the switching steps (S1 to S4). 26 and 27 show the state of magnetic flux flowing through the stator 1B and the rotor 2B. The detailed operation of the HB-SR motor 60 is not described here, but the change in excitation and the movement of the rotor 2B are the same as those of the HB-SR motors 10, 40 of the first, second, and third embodiments. , 50 is basically based on the same technical idea.

  Next, an HB-SR motor 70 according to a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The HB-SR motor 70 is a so-called three-phase drive motor having a stator 71 having a configuration as shown in FIG. 28 and a motor with a brush that switches current between a brush and a commutator. The commutator 72 rotates integrally with a rotor (not shown). The commutator 72 has a planar structure, and the brushes 73 and 74 are in contact with the commutator 72. The commutator 72 and the brushes 73 and 74 constitute the switch control unit 31.

  The arrangement relationship of the windings and magnets is the same as in the other embodiments described above, and is not specifically described here. The number of salient poles is 6, and the number of protrusions of the rotor (not shown) may be 2, 4, 5, or even 7 or more.

  During the first phase drive (= S1), the magnetic flux in the stator 71 changes from a salient pole corresponding to the partition region U (hereinafter simply referred to as salient pole U) to a salient pole corresponding to the partition region X (hereinafter simply referred to as salient pole X). Current flows through the windings wound around the salient poles U and X. When this state is viewed in the commutator 72, the state shown in FIG. 29 is obtained. That is, the brush 73 represented by α is in contact with the U region of the commutator 72, and the brush 74 represented by β is in contact with the X region of the commutator 72.

  The U region of the commutator 72 is connected to the winding of the salient pole U, and a current flows through the winding of the salient pole U so that the salient pole U becomes the S pole when the brush 73 comes into contact. The X region of the commutator 72 is connected to the winding of the salient pole X, and a current flows through the winding of the salient pole X so that the salient pole X becomes an N pole when the brush 74 comes into contact. As a result, the magnetic flux in the stator 71 flows in the direction indicated by the arrow S1 in FIG.

  During the second phase drive (S2), the magnetic flux flows in the direction of arrow S2 in FIG. That is, the commutator 72 also rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 29 as the rotor rotates, and the brush 73 comes into contact with the Y region and the brush 74 comes into contact with the Y region. As a result, the salient pole corresponding to the partition area Y is excited to the S pole, and the salient pole corresponding to the partition area V is excited to the N pole.

  When the commutator 72 further rotates together with the rotor, the brush 73 comes into contact with the W region and the brush 74 comes into contact with the Z region, and the third phase driving state is set. During the third phase drive (S3), the magnetic flux flows in the direction of arrow S3 in FIG. By repeating the above state, the rotor rotates and the current flowing through the winding is switched.

  Next, an HB-SR motor 80 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 31 and 32 and FIGS. 14 to 16.

  This HB-SR motor 80 switches the switching of the four-phase drive motor having the number of salient poles of 4 and the number of protrusions of 4 in the third embodiment with a brush. For this reason, the arrangement relationship of the salient poles 51, the magnets 52, and the windings 53 and the arrangement relationship of the protrusions 54 of the rotor 2A are the same as those in the third embodiment. Further, the configuration of the brush is the same as that of the brushes 73 and 74 of the fifth embodiment.

  The commutator 81 that rotates integrally with the rotor 2A has an X region and a V region on the outer periphery, and has a U region and a W region on the inner periphery. In addition, the switching portion between the outer circumference and the inner circumference is shifted by 90 degrees. The brush 73 is in contact with the outer peripheral portion (X region and V region) of the commutator 81, and the brush 74 is in contact with the inner peripheral portion (U region and W region) of the commutator 81.

  During the first phase drive (S1), the brush 73 comes into contact with the X region of the commutator 81, a current flows through the winding 53d, and the salient pole 51d (corresponding to the partition region X) is excited to the S pole. Further, the brush 74 contacts the U region, a current flows through the winding 53a, and the salient pole 51a (corresponding to the partition region U) is excited to the N pole. As a result, a magnetic flux (magnetic flux flowing from the salient pole 51d to the salient pole 51a) indicated by an arrow S1 in FIG. 15 is formed in the stator 1A.

  Thereafter, the brush 74 comes into contact with the W region by the rotation of the commutator 81. For this reason, a current flows through the winding 53c, and the salient pole 51c (corresponding to the partition region W) is excited to the N pole. For this reason, a magnetic flux (magnetic flux flowing from the salient pole 51d to the salient pole 51c) shown by an arrow S2 in FIG. 15 is formed in the stator 1A.

  When the rotor 2A further rotates and the commutator 81 further rotates, the third phase driving time (S3) is reached. During the third phase driving, the contact position of the brush 73 is switched from the X region to the V region. The brush 74 continues to contact the W region. As a result, the salient pole 51c continues to be excited to the N pole, while the salient pole 51b (corresponding to the partition region V) is newly excited to the S pole. Thereby, a magnetic flux (magnetic flux flowing from the salient pole 51b to the salient pole 51c) indicated by the arrow S3 in FIG. 15 is formed in the stator 1A.

  When the commutator 81 further rotates, the brush 74 is switched from the W region to the U region. As a result, the salient pole 51a is again excited to the N pole, and the magnetic flux in the stator 1A flows from the salient pole 51b to the salient pole 51a (see arrow S4 in FIG. 15). As described above, the current flowing through the winding 53 is switched by the commutator 81 together with the rotation of the rotor 2A, and the rotation of the rotor 2A is continued.

  The HB-SR motors 70 and 80 of the fifth and sixth embodiments are motors with brushes having so-called planar commutators 72 and 81, which are suitable for thinning and have less sparks. ing. Further, like other HB-SR motors 10, 40, 50, 60, there is no cogging. The commutator may be a general axial type, that is, a cylindrical type (with a structure installed around the axial direction of the rotating shaft) instead of a flat type.

  Next, a reluctance motor 90 according to a seventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The reluctance motor 90 is a dual-purpose motor that can be used as a stepping motor or a small DC motor, and is a four-phase inner rotor motor. The reluctance motor 90 includes a stator 1 </ b> C, a rotor 2 </ b> C, two bearing portions 91, two bearing holding case portions 92, and a case 93. The reluctance motor 90 has an outer diameter φ1 of 15 mm and a height H1 of 13 mm. However, the height H1 may be set to 6 mm, and an ultra-small motor may be used.

  The stator 1C has the same structure as the stator 1B of the HB-SR motor 60 of the fourth embodiment. The difference is that the stator 1B is arranged at the center of the rotor 2B, whereas the stator 1C is the outer periphery of the rotor 2C. It is a point arranged in For this reason, in the following description, the code | symbol utilized in the description of the HB-SR motor 60 shall be used for the part corresponding to the HB-SR motor 60.

  The stator 1 </ b> C has eight salient poles 61, eight magnets 62 </ b> A, and eight windings 63 that are wound around a narrow portion at the base of each salient pole 61. The magnet 62A has a magnet width W2 of about 1/3, 0.6 mm, whereas the tip width W1 of the salient pole 61 is 1.7 mm. The magnet 62A is a neodymium magnet manufactured by sintering, and its magnetic force is BHmax, about 40 MGOe, and the residual magnetic flux density is 1.26 Tesla.

  The stator 1C is composed of a thin plate of eight or more silicon steel plates having a saturation magnetic flux density of 1.8 Tesla. When the height H1 is about 6 mm, it becomes about 3 layers or 4 layers. Further, in order to use both the stepping motor and the small DC motor, the ratio of the tip width W1 to the magnet width W2 is preferably set to 1: 1/2 to 1: 1/4. Furthermore, the ratio of L1 and L2 shown above is 1: 0.35 at all locations.

  The rotor 2C is formed by stacking eight or more thin silicon steel plates and has six protrusions 64 on the outer periphery thereof. This inner rotor type motor has a small inertia and is easy to start. In addition, since both the stator 1C and the rotor 2C are laminated with silicon steel plates, eddy currents are reduced.

  Next, an HB-SR motor 100 according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The HB-SR motor 100 is a pump motor that uses the motor as a pump. The HB-SR motor 100 includes a bobbin-structured three-layer stator 101, a screw-type rotor 102 that also faces the stator 101 and serves as a pump blade disposed in the center of the stator 101, a case 103 that surrounds the rotor 102, It has an introduction pipe 104 for introducing a target liquid and a discharge pipe 105 for discharging the liquid.

  A space in which the rotor 102 is incorporated is blocked from the outside by a case 103 including a concave case body 103a and a lid body 103b. The rotor 102 is supported by bearings 106 and 107 at both ends. Liquid is injected into a space in which the rotor 102 is incorporated, that is, a cylindrical space.

  The stator 101 includes three stator constituent portions 101a, 101b, and 101c and two donut-shaped resin portions 108 that separate the stator constituent portions 101a, 101b, and 101c. As shown in FIG. 36, each stator component 101a, 101b, 101c (hereinafter referred to as “101a”) has a concave and circular hole 111 and pole teeth 112 excited to the north pole, and is made of pure iron. An N-pole stator 113 configured, a donut-like flat plate shape having a circular hole 114 and pole teeth 115 excited to the S pole, and made of pure iron, an arc shape The two magnets 117 and 117 are provided. In addition, as shown in FIG. 35, three bobbin windings 118 each having a coil wound in a columnar shape are arranged between the N pole stator 113 and the S pole stator 116.

  The magnet 117 is a neodymium magnet having a residual magnetic flux density of 1.10 Tesla, one end of which is magnetized to the N pole and the other is magnetized to the S pole. The axial length L11 of the magnet 117 is the same as the axial length L12 of both lateral portions of the pole teeth 112 and 115 serving as salient poles, and the radial width is also the same. The magnets 117 and 117 are bonded to the pole teeth 112 and 115 so that the axial extensions 121 and 121 of the pole teeth 112 and 115 and the magnets 117 and 117 form one cylindrical ring.

  The pole teeth 112 and 115 are arranged 180 degrees symmetrically, and each pole tooth 112 and 115 has a root portion 122 protruding in the radial direction and an axial extension portion 121 extending from the root portion 122 and extending in the axial direction. It consists of and. The ratio between L11 (L12) shown above and the length L2 of the protruding portion protruding in the circumferential direction from the root portion 122 is 1: 0.52. The outer peripheral wall portion 123 of the N pole stator 113 is in contact with the outer peripheral plane portion of the S pole stator 116.

  The rotor 102 is made of pure iron and passes through the centers of the three rod-shaped iron cores 125, 126, 127 and the respective iron cores 125, 126, 127 that are arranged so as to be shifted by 60 degrees, and the rotation center shaft to which they are fixed. 128, a cylindrical resin portion 129 made of a resin material surrounding each iron core 125, 126, 127 so as to be inserted, and two spiral grooves 130, 131 formed in the cylindrical resin portion 129. . The outer peripheral surface of each iron core 125, 126, 127 is the same curved surface as the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical resin portion 129, and no protrusions are formed on the rotor 102, but the portions of each iron core 125, 126, 127 are In other words, it becomes a so-called magnetic resistance decreasing portion and is a kind of protrusion.

  The HB-SR motor 100 has a diameter φ2 of 6 mm and is an ultra-small motor. The diameter φ2 is not 6 mm and may be about 3 to 10 mm. Further, the resin portion 108 of the stator 101 may be formed so as to cover the stator constituent portions 101a, 101b, and 101c, that is, the stators 101a, 101b, and 101c may be insert-molded. Further, the resin portion 108 may not be provided. Further, in FIG. 35 and the like, a case that covers the stator 101 is not provided, but a motor case that covers the case 103 and the stator 101 and fixes them may be provided.

  In order to rotationally drive the rotor 102 of the HB-SR motor 100, first, a current is passed through the bobbin winding 118 of the stator component 101a, and the pole teeth 112 serving as salient poles are set to N poles, and the pole teeth 115 serving as salient poles are set. The S pole is excited, and the iron core 125 is pulled into a position facing both the pole teeth 112 and 115. Next, by applying a current to the bobbin winding 118 of the stator component 101b, the same excitation is performed, and the iron core 126 is rotated to a position facing the bipolar teeth 112 and 115 of the stator component 101b. At this time, no current is supplied to the stator component 101a.

  Next, the current supply to the stator component 101b is cut off and the current supply to the stator component 101c is performed. As a result, the pole teeth 112 of the stator component 101c are excited to the N pole, and the pole teeth 115 are excited to the S pole. As a result, the iron core 127 is attracted to the bipolar teeth 112 and 115 and rotates. By repeating the above, the rotor 102 continues to rotate. Note that the rotor 102 rotates 60 degrees each time the current is switched. As the rotor 102 rotates in a certain direction, the liquid flows along the spiral grooves 130 and 131 and flows from the introduction pipe 104 side to the discharge pipe 105 side.

  In the HB-SR motor 100 of the eighth embodiment described above, the rotor 102 has two spiral grooves 130 and 131, but the spiral groove may be one (one). Moreover, it is good also as three or more. Further, the stator constituent portions may be stacked in four or more layers, while the rotor 102 may be stacked while shifting four or more iron cores. Also, the iron cores of the rotor 102 may be stacked in the same positional relationship without being shifted, while the stator components may be shifted and stacked.

  In addition, each of the stator components 101a, 101b, and 101c of the stator 101 is provided with two pole teeth 112 for N pole and two pole teeth 115 for S pole, respectively, and iron cores 125, 126, and 127 are provided. Each may have a cross shape. Further, as in other embodiments, a larger number of salient poles and protrusions (iron core surfaces) may be provided. Moreover, when using as a pump motor, you may employ | adopt the reluctance motor of other embodiment. Further, the rotor and the pump blade may be separated and the pump blade may be placed in the liquid so that the rotor does not come into contact with the liquid.

  Next, a reluctance motor 140 according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The reluctance motor 140 is a stepping motor employed in a lens feed mechanism for feeding a CD pick amplifier lens in a lens feed mechanism of a video camera or a CD (Compact Disc) drive mechanism of a notebook computer.

  The reluctance motor 140 includes a stator 1D having twelve salient poles, a rotor 2D having a magnetic resistance reducing portion 141 serving as ten protrusions, a screw shaft 142 that rotates integrally with the rotor 2D, and a screw shaft 142. And a bearing portion 144 that supports the bearing supported portion 143. The reluctance motor 140 holds the screw shaft 142 and the bearing portion 144 with a motor holder 145.

  The number of salient poles is 6 and the number of magnetic resistance reducing portions 141 is 8 to make a stepping motor with 24 divisions (1 step 15 degrees) or 48 divisions (7.5 degrees with 1 step) ) Stepping motor. Such a stepping motor can be a low cogging and low cost stepping motor.

  On the right side of the screw shaft 142, a screw groove is formed and a lens feed mechanism (not shown) is engaged. The screw shaft 142 is supported by ball bearings 146 and 147 at both ends in the thrust direction, and is supported by two radial bearings 148 and 149 in the radial direction.

  The iron core of the stator 1D is formed by laminating thin sheets of silicon steel plates. As shown in other embodiments, a magnet is sandwiched in the gap at the tip of each salient pole, and the opposite part of the magnet has the same polarity. It is installed to become. As the magnets, neodymium magnets, sumakoba magnets and the like are employed. Further, the residual magnetic flux density of the magnet is a, the saturation magnetic flux density of the iron core of the stator 1D is b, the area of the portion of the salient pole that protrudes to the magnet side facing the rotor 2D is W, and the salient pole of the magnet The salient poles of the stator 1D are formed such that (a / b) × Z × 1/3 ≦ W ≦ (a / b) × Z × 2, where Z is the contact area.

  The rotor 2D is composed of a pole tooth forming body 151 made of pure iron. This pole tooth forming body 151 is formed into a cylindrical shape by drawing a flat plate, and thereafter, by providing ten through holes 152 in the circumferential direction, the adjacent portion in the circumferential direction of each through hole 152 is a magnetic resistance reducing portion. 141. The axial length of the through hole 152 is the same as the axial length of the stator 1D and the axial length of the magnet, and each through hole 152 is disposed so as to face the stator 1D.

  In this embodiment, the radial length φ3 of the reluctance motor 140 is 3 mm. When the length φ3 is 2 to 5 mm, it can be applied to an ultra-compact lens feed mechanism. Moreover, since the screw is formed in the screw shaft 142 and the screw shaft 142 and the rotor 2D are paired, it becomes a highly accurate stepping motor.

  Next, a reluctance motor 160 according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The reluctance motor 160 is obtained by changing the shape of the magnet portion of the various HB-SR motors 10, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 100, the reluctance motors 90, 140, and other modified motors. is there. For this reason, only the magnet part is demonstrated below.

  As shown in FIG. 41, the magnet 161 of the reluctance motor stator includes 2m (m is a natural number of 1 or more) columnar portions 162 (six columnar portions in FIG. 41) arranged in a circular shape, It has a circular circular connecting portion 163 that connects one end side of the columnar portion 162. Each columnar part 162 is magnetized such that one side of the surface facing the adjacent columnar part 162 is magnetized to the N pole, the other side is magnetized to the S pole, and the opposite part of the adjacent columnar part 162 is the same pole. It is magnetized.

  Magnetization of each columnar portion 162 is performed using a magnetizing jig 165 as shown in FIG. 42, for example. This curing is performed on each columnar portion 162 at the same time using the magnetizing jig 165. The magnetized magnet 161 is incorporated so that the columnar portion 162 fits between the salient poles in the state of FIG. The width L1 of the columnar portion 162 corresponds to the length L1 that is the contact width with the salient pole described above.

  The length of the salient pole in the axial direction is the same as the length L3 that is the protruding length of the columnar portion 162. For this reason, when the magnet 161 is incorporated in the salient pole, the tip end side of the columnar portion 162 forms the same plane as the stator core, although the circular connecting portion 163 projects outward from the salient pole.

  The reluctance motors according to the first to tenth embodiments have been described above. Based on the number of salient poles on the stator side and the number of protrusions on the rotor side of the reluctance motor of the present invention, the reluctance motors are rotated and non-rotated. The relationship is summarized as shown in FIG.

  The relationship shown in FIG. 43 is summarized as follows: That is, the number of salient poles is 2 m (m is a natural number of 1 or more), the opposing magnetic poles have the same polarity in the adjacent gaps at the tips of the salient poles, and the magnetic poles are in contact with the lateral portions of the salient pole tips. When a total of 2 m magnets are arranged and a winding is applied to each salient pole, and the number of protrusions is n (n is a natural number other than 1), n / m is a natural number of 2 or less. It is a condition for the rotation to be a reluctance motor that has a protrusion having a protrusion and a rotor having a pole tooth or a magnetic resistance decreasing portion provided to face the salient pole.

  In addition, it is good also as a structure which removes the one part instead of setting it as the structure which arrange | positions a magnet between all the salient poles. For example, every other magnet may be removed (thinned out) when it is arranged between all salient poles. Moreover, you may make it remove only one or two magnets from the whole. Conversely, a configuration in which only one, two, or three magnets are arranged may be employed.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 44, the reluctance motor shown in each embodiment or modification can generate a larger torque than a motor composed of a simple salient pole and winding. The graph shown in FIG. 44 shows the case of the HB-SR motor 10 of the first embodiment, but the reluctance motors of the other embodiments similarly generate a larger torque than the conventional reluctance motor. The tendency that appears.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 45, the reluctance motor of the present invention continues to rotate to a range where the torque becomes very large. FIG. 45 is a graph showing the speed, efficiency, and current with respect to the torque of the HB-SR motor 10, and maintains a rotation of 200 rpm even when the torque is 300 mN · m. Such a phenomenon that the rotation can be maintained even when the torque is large also occurs in the reluctance motors of other embodiments.

  In each of the reluctance motors of the present invention, the magnetic flux of the magnet is emitted to the rotor side by exciting each salient pole so that the magnetic flux passing through the base portion of each salient pole at the time of excitation is equal to or higher than the saturation magnetic flux density of the salient pole. I am letting. Further, by turning off the excitation of each salient pole, the magnetic flux of the magnet does not go to the rotor side but enters the salient pole, that is, the stator. In this way, by repeatedly exciting and de-energizing the salient poles, the stator salient poles are magnetized and de-magnetized, and the magnetic flux in the stator (particularly, the magnetic flux of the magnet) is effectively utilized during the magnetization, thereby making the rotor more efficient. Is rotating.

  As described above, the reluctance motor shown in each embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the gist thereof. For example, as stator iron core and rotor iron core, in addition to pure iron and silicon steel, permalloy (Fe-Ni alloy), electromagnetic stainless steel, amorphous such as iron-based amorphous and Co-based amorphous, nanocrystalline alloy, sendust (Fe-Al Other soft magnetic materials (high magnetic permeability materials) such as (Si-based alloys) may be used. Moreover, as a stator iron core or a rotor iron core, it is good also as a single member which does not laminate other than lamination | stacking of a thin plate.

  Further, the residual magnetic flux density of the magnet is a, the saturation magnetic flux density of the salient pole made of a magnetic member is b, the area of the portion of the salient pole that protrudes to the magnet side is W, and the salient pole of the magnet It is preferable that the salient poles of the stator be formed so that (a / b) × Z × 1/3 ≦ W ≦ (a / b) × Z × 2 where , (A / b) × Z ≦ W ≦ (a / b) × Z × 1.5, the motor is more preferable. This is because if the salient pole is excited so that a magnetic flux higher than the saturation magnetic flux density is generated, the magnetic flux of the magnet cannot flow into the part where the magnetic flux due to the excitation flows, and the magnetic flux of the magnet passes through the part where the salient pole protrudes. It is for going to the rotor side through. If the flow path is not sufficient, effective utilization of the magnetic flux of the magnet will be insufficient.

  Also, if the salient poles do not protrude too long, the proportion of magnets increases, the effect of sandwiching the magnets becomes even more apparent, and the stator of the reluctance motor can be miniaturized. . In addition, even when the above range, that is, (a / b) × Z × 1/3 ≦ W ≦ (a / b) × Z × 2, is out of the range of the conventional reluctance motor, It will have good performance.

  Furthermore, the configuration in which the salient poles and magnets of the stator are set in the above-mentioned range is not limited to the so-called magnet homopolar facing type reluctance motor of the present invention, but also a hybrid magnet created before the present invention is applied to one salient pole. It is also possible to employ a motor in which a plurality of hybrid magnets having the same shape are sequentially arranged in a circular shape. That is, even in a motor configured by simply incorporating a hybrid magnet created in the past by the present inventor, the relationship of the salient poles of the stator is represented by (a / b) × Z × 1/3 ≦ W ≦ (a / B) × Z × 2 range, or (a / b) × Z ≦ W ≦ (a / b) × Z × 1.5, the motor can be efficiently rotated. In other words, setting the above ranges does not depend on how the magnets are arranged or how the salient poles are arranged, and a sufficient effect is always generated.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the axial length of the magnet and the axial length of the stator iron core are the same, and the end portions have a planar structure, but the axial length of the magnet is It may be shorter or longer than the stator core. In addition, the radial length of the magnet and the radial length of the tip of the salient pole of the stator are the same and are in close contact with each other, but the length of the magnet in the radial direction is the length of the salient pole tip in the radial direction. It may be shorter or longer.

  Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, one winding is applied to one salient pole. However, one winding is applied to two salient poles, Bipolar winding may be used to change the flowing direction, and the magnetized pole may be changed depending on the flowing current direction.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, a so-called circumferentially opposed motor in which the rotor and the stator are arranged in the radial direction has been described. However, the rotor and the stator are arranged to overlap in the axial direction. A so-called plane facing motor may be used. Moreover, although the example of the inner rotor type and the outer rotor type is shown, respectively, the one shown as the outer rotor type may be changed to the inner rotor type, and the one shown as the inner rotor type may be changed to the outer rotor type. .

  Further, as the stator core, in addition to the one in which a plurality of salient poles are integrally installed in advance, the salient poles are individually configured one by one and arranged in a circular shape to constitute the stator core. Alternatively, two salient poles or three or more salient poles may be configured independently, and the stator iron core may be configured by arranging them in a circular shape.

  Further, as the magnet 161 of the stator for the reluctance motor, in terms of shape, it is configured so that the magnetization is exactly the same in each columnar portion 162, that is, the N pole and the S pole always have the same relationship. It may be applied to The magnet of the reluctance motor stator subjected to such magnetization can be applied not to the reluctance motor of the present invention using a so-called opposite-pole opposed magnet but to a reluctance motor using a different-pole opposed magnet. It becomes possible.

  Further, the rotor 2D of the reluctance motor 140 can be applied not only to the reluctance motor of the present invention but also to a conventional reluctance motor, and also to a reluctance motor using the above-described so-called opposite pole facing magnet. .

  Furthermore, the mechanical angles (widths) of the salient poles, magnets, and projections of each reluctance motor of the present invention may be other values than the above-described values. For example, any one or a plurality of values of a group of salient poles, magnets, and protrusions is within a range of plus or minus 10% of the above-described value, A plurality may have a value exceeding 10%.

1 Stator 2 Rotor 10 HB-SR Motor (Reluctance Motor)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Salient pole 12 Magnet 13 Winding 21 Protrusion part 141 Axial resistance reduction part 151 Polar tooth formation body 152 Through-hole 161 Magnet of stator for reluctance motor 162 Columnar part 163 Circular connection part

Claims (5)

The number of salient poles is 2 m (m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1), the opposing magnetic poles are the same pole in the gap adjacent to the tip of each salient pole, and the magnetic pole is in contact with the lateral part of the tip of the salient pole. a total of 2m pieces of the magnet are arranged, and facilities windings on the salient poles, a stator base of the salient pole are connected by a connecting portion,
When the number of protrusions is n (n is a natural number other than 1), n / m is a protrusion not to be a natural number of 2 or less, and the pole teeth or magnets provided facing the salient poles A rotor having a resistance reducing portion,
The stator iron core, the magnets, and the windings constituting the stator are arranged so that their radial positions are in the order of the connecting portion, the windings, and the magnets. A reluctance motor characterized by facing each other through a gap formed between the part and the magnet. In reluctance motor according to claim 1 Symbol placement, the axial length and the axial length of the magnet of the stator core is the same, and the radial length of the radial length of the tip of the salient poles and the magnet and the same A reluctance motor characterized by that. A magnet is disposed in a gap adjacent to the ends of the plurality of salient poles made of a magnetic member so as to contact the lateral portion of the tip, and a stator having a winding for exciting the salient poles, and the salient poles are opposed to each other. A reluctance motor having a pole tooth or a rotor having a projecting part to be a magnetic resistance reducing part,
The residual magnetic flux density of the magnet is a, the saturation magnetic flux density of the salient pole made of the magnetic member is b, the area of the portion of the salient pole that protrudes to the magnet side is the area facing the rotor, and When the area of the contact portion of the magnet with the salient pole is Z, (a / b) × Z × 1/3 ≦ W ≦ (a / b) × Z × 2 is satisfied. A reluctance motor characterized by forming a pole. A stator having windings for exciting the salient poles, arranging magnets in a part of a plurality of gaps adjacent to the tips of the salient poles made of a magnetic member, In a reluctance motor having a pole tooth provided opposite to a salient pole or a rotor having a projection serving as a magnetic resistance reducing portion,
The residual magnetic flux density of the magnet is a, the saturation magnetic flux density of the salient pole made of the magnetic member is b, the area of the portion of the salient pole that protrudes to the magnet side is the area facing the rotor, and When the area of the contact portion of the magnet with the salient pole is Z, (a / b) × Z × 1/3 ≦ W ≦ (a / b) × Z × 2 is satisfied. A reluctance motor characterized by forming a pole. In reluctance motor according to any one Kouki placing of claims 1 4, wherein the rotor is assumed to have a cylindrical pole teeth forming body, on the pole teeth forming body, a through hole in which the magnetic resistance is increased circumferential direction The reluctance motor is characterized in that n pieces are provided in the circumferential direction, and the circumferentially adjacent portions of the through holes are the n pieces of magnetic resistance reducing portions.

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