JP5278770B2 - 挙動認識システム - Google Patents
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- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 claims description 88
- 238000010801 machine learning Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010000117 Abnormal behaviour Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 230000007787 long-term memory Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/50—Context or environment of the image
- G06V20/52—Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
- G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
- G08B13/19602—Image analysis to detect motion of the intruder, e.g. by frame subtraction
- G08B13/19608—Tracking movement of a target, e.g. by detecting an object predefined as a target, using target direction and or velocity to predict its new position
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
- G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
- G08B13/19602—Image analysis to detect motion of the intruder, e.g. by frame subtraction
- G08B13/19613—Recognition of a predetermined image pattern or behaviour pattern indicating theft or intrusion
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B23/00—Alarms responsive to unspecified undesired or abnormal conditions
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Image Analysis (AREA)
- Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Description
Claims (15)
- シーン内のイベントを記録するビデオフレームのストリームを処理し、前記ビデオフレームのストリームに基づいて挙動を解析及び学習するコンピュータシステムにおいて実装される方法であって、
前記ストリームの第1フレームを受け取ることであり、前記第1フレームが、前記フレーム内に含まれる複数のピクセルに関するデータを含むこと、
前記第1フレーム内のピクセルの1つ又は複数のグループを識別することであり、各グループが、前記シーン内の物体を示すこと、
識別された各物体に関連する1つ又は複数の特徴を格納する探索モデルを生成すること、
トレーニングされたクラシファイアを使用して、前記物体のそれぞれを分類すること、
前記探索モデルを使用して、前記第1フレームで識別された前記物体のそれぞれを第2フレームで追跡すること、
前記追跡された物体についてのコンテキストイベントのストリームを前記コンピュータシステムに含まれる機械学習エンジンに供給すること、及び
前記機械学習エンジンにより、前記コンテキストイベントのストリームに基づいて、複数のフレームにわたって前記シーン内の前記物体が関与する挙動の1つ又は複数の意味表現を生成すること
を含み、
前記機械学習エンジンが、前記複数のフレームにわたって前記シーン内で観測される挙動のパターンを、統計的に重みづけされた挙動の一般的パターンを累積することによって学習し、分類された前記物体が関与する挙動のパターンの発生を、前記累積された挙動の一般的パターンとの統計的な相関を用いることによって正常なイベント又は異常なイベントとして識別するように構成される方法。 - 追跡される前記物体のうちの1つによる挙動の識別されるパターンのうちの1つの発生を示す少なくとも1つの警報を発行することをさらに含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 各探索モデルが、外観モデルと特徴ベースのモデルの一方として生成される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記探索モデルを使用して、前記第1フレームで識別された前記物体のそれぞれを前記第2フレームで追跡するステップが、
前記第2フレーム内の識別された前記物体の位置を突き止めること、及び
識別された各物体について、前記探索モデルをそれぞれ更新すること
を含む請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記トレーニングされたクラシファイアが、各物体を人間、自動車、又はその他として分類するように構成される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1フレーム内のピクセルの1つ又は複数のグループを識別するステップが、
前記第1フレームのフォアグラウンド領域を表すピクセルの少なくとも1つのグループと、前記第1フレームのバックグラウンド領域を表すピクセルの少なくとも1つのグループとを識別すること、
フォアグラウンド領域をフォアグラウンドブロブにセグメント化することであり、各フォアグラウンドブロブが、前記第1フレーム内に示される物体を表すこと、及び
前記第1フレームで識別された前記バックグラウンド領域に基づいて、前記シーンのバックグラウンドイメージを更新すること
を含む請求項1に記載の方法。 - 識別された各物体に関連する1つ又は複数の特徴を格納する探索モデルを生成するステップの結果を使用して、前記ビデオストリームで示される前記シーンの注釈付きマップを更新すること、及び
前記探索モデルを使用して、前記第1フレームで識別された前記物体のそれぞれを第2フレームで追跡すること
をさらに含み、
前記注釈付きマップが、識別された前記物体の推定3次元位置と、前記シーンの前記バックグラウンドイメージ内に示される複数の物体の推定3次元位置とを含む前記シーンの3次元幾何形状を記述すると共に、
前記意味表現を生成するステップが、潜在的意味解析を使用して、認識可能な挙動パターンについて、前記生成された意味表現を解析することをさらに含む請求項6に記載の方法。 - ビデオ入力源と、
プロセッサと、
メモリと
を備えるシステムであって、
前記メモリが、コンピュータビジョンエンジンと、機械学習エンジンとを格納し、
前記コンピュータビジョンエンジンが、
前記ビデオ入力源から前記ストリームの第1フレームを受け取ることであり、前記第1フレームが、フレーム内に含まれる複数のピクセルに関するデータを含むこと、
前記第1フレーム内のピクセルの1つ又は複数のグループを識別することであり、各グループが、前記シーン内の物体を示すこと、
識別された各物体に関連する1つ又は複数の特徴を格納する探索モデルを生成すること、
トレーニングされたクラシファイアを使用して、前記物体のそれぞれを分類すること、
前記探索モデルを使用して、前記第1フレームで識別された前記物体のそれぞれを第2フレームで追跡すること、及び
前記追跡された物体についてのコンテキストイベントのストリームを前記機械学習エンジンに供給すること
を行うように構成されると共に、
前記機械学習エンジンが、前記コンテキストイベントのストリームに基づいて、複数のフレームにわたって前記シーン内の前記物体が関与する挙動の1つ又は複数の意味表現を生成するように構成され、前記複数のフレームにわたって前記シーン内で観測される挙動のパターンを、統計的に重みづけされた挙動の一般的パターンを累積することによって学習し、分類された前記物体が関与する挙動のパターンの発生を、前記累積された挙動の一般的パターンとの統計的な相関を用いることによって正常なイベント又は異常なイベントとして識別するようにさらに構成される、システム。 - 前記機械学習エンジンがさらに、追跡される前記物体のうちの1つによる挙動の識別されるパターンのうちの1つの発生を示す少なくとも1つの警報を発行するように構成される請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 各探索モデルが、外観モデルと特徴ベースのモデルの一方として生成される請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 前記探索モデルを使用して、前記第1フレームで識別された前記物体のそれぞれを前記第2フレームで追跡するステップが、
前記第2フレーム内の識別された前記物体の位置を突き止めること、及び
識別された各物体について、前記探索モデルをそれぞれ更新すること
を含む請求項8に記載のシステム。 - 前記トレーニングされたクラシファイアが、各物体を人間、自動車、又はその他として分類するように構成される請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 前記トレーニングされたクラシファイアがさらに、分類された前記物体のうちの少なくとも1つについて、複数の連続するフレームにわたって前記物体を示すピクセルの前記グループに対する変化に基づいて、ポーズ、位置、及び運動のうちの少なくとも1つを推定するように構成される請求項12に記載のシステム。
- 前記コンピュータビジョンエンジンが、
前記第1フレームのフォアグラウンド領域を表すピクセルの少なくとも1つのグループと、前記第1フレームのバックグラウンド領域を表すピクセルの少なくとも1つのグループとを識別するステップと、
フォアグラウンド領域をフォアグラウンドブロブにセグメント化するステップであり、各フォアグラウンドブロブが、前記第1フレーム内に示される物体を表すステップと、
前記第1フレームで識別された前記バックグラウンド領域に基づいて、前記シーンのバックグラウンドイメージを更新するステップと
を実施することにより、前記第1フレーム内のピクセルの1つ又は複数のグループを識別するように構成される請求項8に記載のシステム。 - 前記コンピュータビジョンエンジンがさらに、
識別された各物体に関連する1つ又は複数の特徴を格納する探索モデルを生成するステップの結果を使用して、前記ビデオストリームで示される前記シーンの注釈付きマップを更新し、且つ
前記探索モデルを使用して、前記第1フレームで識別された前記物体のそれぞれを第2フレームで追跡するように構成され、
前記注釈付きマップが、識別された前記物体の推定3次元位置と、前記シーンの前記バックグラウンドイメージ内に示される複数の物体の推定3次元位置とを含む前記シーンの3次元幾何形状を記述すると共に、
前記意味表現を生成するステップが、潜在的意味解析を使用して、認識可能な挙動パターンについて、前記生成された意味表現を解析することをさらに含む請求項14に記載のシステム。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US88877707P | 2007-02-08 | 2007-02-08 | |
US60/888,777 | 2007-02-08 | ||
PCT/US2008/053457 WO2008098188A2 (en) | 2007-02-08 | 2008-02-08 | Behavioral recognition system |
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JP2012132879A Division JP5602792B2 (ja) | 2007-02-08 | 2012-06-12 | 挙動認識システム |
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JP2010518522A JP2010518522A (ja) | 2010-05-27 |
JP5278770B2 true JP5278770B2 (ja) | 2013-09-04 |
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JP2009549265A Active JP5278770B2 (ja) | 2007-02-08 | 2008-02-08 | 挙動認識システム |
JP2012132879A Active JP5602792B2 (ja) | 2007-02-08 | 2012-06-12 | 挙動認識システム |
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US (2) | US8131012B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2118864B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP5278770B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101260847B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101622652B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2008213586B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0806968B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2674311C (ja) |
DK (1) | DK2118864T3 (ja) |
EG (1) | EG26304A (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2522589T3 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2009008376A (ja) |
NZ (1) | NZ578752A (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2118864T3 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2475853C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008098188A2 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA200905257B (ja) |
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Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |