JP5257889B2 - Oil composition for cream - Google Patents
Oil composition for cream Download PDFInfo
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- JP5257889B2 JP5257889B2 JP2008291348A JP2008291348A JP5257889B2 JP 5257889 B2 JP5257889 B2 JP 5257889B2 JP 2008291348 A JP2008291348 A JP 2008291348A JP 2008291348 A JP2008291348 A JP 2008291348A JP 5257889 B2 JP5257889 B2 JP 5257889B2
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 89
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 title claims description 57
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 164
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 claims description 108
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000016213 coffee Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000013353 coffee beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000020777 polyunsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000188595 Brassica sinapistrum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 153
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 103
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N triolein Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 13
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 240000007154 Coffea arabica Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019860 lauric fat Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 6
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 glycerin fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000208818 Helianthus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000011632 Caseins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010076119 Caseins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940080237 sodium caseinate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000014171 Milk Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010011756 Milk Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019485 Safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006468 Thea sinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N Trehalose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N alpha,alpha-trehalose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020279 black tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940061607 dibasic sodium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007914 freezing tolerance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009569 green tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VMPHSYLJUKZBJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauric acid triglyceride Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC VMPHSYLJUKZBJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003859 lipid peroxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000845 maltitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010449 maltitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VQHSOMBJVWLPSR-WUJBLJFYSA-N maltitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H](O)CO)O[C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O VQHSOMBJVWLPSR-WUJBLJFYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940035436 maltitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 235000021239 milk protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020185 raw untreated milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020183 skimmed milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)
Description
本発明は、コーヒー等の飲料に添加するクリーム用油脂組成物であって、酸化安定性が高く、かつ凍結解凍しても粘度が変化しにくい凍結耐性を有するクリーム用油脂組成物、及び前記組成物を含む飲料添加用クリームに関する。 The present invention relates to a cream oil composition to be added to beverages such as coffee, which has high oxidative stability and has a freeze resistance that does not change its viscosity even when frozen and thawed, and the composition described above The present invention relates to a cream for beverage addition including food.
従来から、コーヒークリームとして、植物性油脂を原料として製造される植物性油脂置換クリーム(水中油型乳化物)が知られている。植物性クリームは生乳から得られる生クリームに比べて安定性に優れ、かつ比較的安価に製造されるという利点を有するためにその消費量は多い。この植物性クリームの製造では、通常、安定な乳化物を得るため、複数の乳化剤と燐酸塩、クエン酸塩等の安定剤を使用して調製される。
飲料添加用クリームに用いる油脂組成物には、保存および流通中に固化や分離を起こしたり、コーヒーや紅茶等の飲料に入れた際に脂肪や乳たんぱく質が分離したりしない安定な品質が要求される。
更に、近年の商品流通の多様化に伴い、冷凍保存して使用時に解凍しても粘度が変化しない優れた冷凍・解凍安定性(凍結耐性ともいう)も要求される。
従来、水中油型乳化物であるクリームの安定性を高める方法として、例えば、300〜500kg/cm2の高圧を適用し、水相に分散する油滴の粒子径を0.4μm以下にする方法(例えば、特許文献1参照)が提案されている。また、乳化剤としてレシチンとコハク酸モノグリセリドを使用して油相を調製し、150〜250kg/cm2及び10〜50kg/cm2の圧力で2段階均質を行う方法(特許文献2参照)が提案されている。しかしながら、これらの方法で得られる水中油型エマルジョンの冷凍・解凍安定性は十分とは言えない。
また、比較的酸化安定性が高い特定のラウリン系油脂と凍結耐性の高い液体油とを一定比率で混合することにより酸化安定性と凍結耐性とのバランスをとることが提案されている(特許文献3参照)。しかし、ラウリン系油脂として分別を行っていない低コストの油脂(例えばパーム核油等)を用いようとすると、凍結耐性は大きく低減する。また、凍結耐性を高く保つためには液体油の種類を変えたり、使用量を比較的多くする必要があるが、液体油の種類や量によっては酸化安定性が低くなってしまい、バランスのとれたクリームを製造できる油脂組成物を得ることは困難であった。
Conventionally, vegetable oil substitution creams (oil-in-water emulsions) produced using vegetable oils and fats as raw materials are known as coffee creams. Since vegetable cream has the advantage of being excellent in stability and being manufactured at a relatively low cost compared to fresh cream obtained from raw milk, its consumption is large. In the production of this vegetable cream, it is usually prepared using a plurality of emulsifiers and stabilizers such as phosphate and citrate in order to obtain a stable emulsion.
Oil and fat compositions used in creams for beverage addition require a stable quality that does not cause solidification or separation during storage and distribution, or separation of fats and milk proteins when placed in beverages such as coffee and tea. The
Furthermore, with the recent diversification of merchandise distribution, excellent freezing / thawing stability (also referred to as freezing resistance) is also required, in which the viscosity does not change even when frozen and thawed during use.
Conventionally, as a method for improving the stability of a cream that is an oil-in-water emulsion, for example, a method in which a high pressure of 300 to 500 kg / cm 2 is applied and the particle size of oil droplets dispersed in an aqueous phase is 0.4 μm or less. (See, for example, Patent Document 1). Further, a method has been proposed in which an oil phase is prepared using lecithin and succinic monoglyceride as emulsifiers and homogenized in two stages at pressures of 150 to 250 kg / cm 2 and 10 to 50 kg / cm 2 (see Patent Document 2). ing. However, the oil-in-water emulsion obtained by these methods is not sufficiently frozen and thawed.
In addition, it has been proposed to balance oxidative stability and freezing resistance by mixing specific lauric fats and oils having relatively high oxidative stability and liquid oil having high freezing resistance in a certain ratio (Patent Literature). 3). However, if low-cost fats and oils (for example, palm kernel oil) that are not separated as lauric fats are used, freezing resistance is greatly reduced. In order to keep the freezing resistance high, it is necessary to change the type of liquid oil or use a relatively large amount. However, depending on the type and amount of liquid oil, the oxidative stability will be low, and it will be balanced. It was difficult to obtain an oil and fat composition that can produce a cream.
本発明の目的は、低コストで、凍結耐性及び酸化安定性において優れた安定性を示すクリームを製造することができるクリーム用油脂組成物を提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to provide an oil / fat composition for cream capable of producing a cream exhibiting excellent stability in freezing resistance and oxidation stability at low cost.
本発明者らは、上記課題に対して、(A)構成脂肪酸としてベヘン酸を含みかつ上昇融点が50℃以上である極度硬化油脂を、油脂組成物の全質量に対して、0.5〜20質量%添加したクリーム用油脂組成物により、高い凍結耐性と酸化安定性を与えるクリームを製造することができることを見出し、本発明を完成させた。 With respect to the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors (A) extremely hardened fats and oils containing behenic acid as a constituent fatty acid and having an ascending melting point of 50 ° C. or higher are 0.5 to The present inventors have found that a cream that gives high freezing resistance and oxidative stability can be produced with an oil / fat composition for cream added in an amount of 20% by mass, thereby completing the present invention.
すなわち、本発明は以下を提供する。
<1>(A)構成脂肪酸としてベヘン酸を含みかつ上昇融点が50℃以上である極度硬化油脂を油脂組成物の全質量に対して、0.5〜20質量%含むことを特徴とする、クリーム用油脂組成物。
<2>全構成脂肪酸中にベヘン酸を0.5質量%以上含むことを特徴とする、上記<1>に記載のクリーム用油脂組成物。
<3>更に(B)ラウリン系油脂と、(C)全構成脂肪酸中にオレイン酸を40質量%以上含む高オレイン酸油脂とを含む、上記<1>または<2>に記載のクリーム用油脂組成物。
<4>(B)ラウリン系油脂を、油脂組成物の全質量に対して20〜70質量%含む、上記<1>〜<3>のいずれか一項に記載のクリーム用油脂組成物。
<5>(C)高オレイン酸油脂を、油脂組成物の全質量に対して30〜80質量%含む、上記<1>〜<4>のいずれか一項に記載のクリーム用油脂組成物。
<6>(A)構成脂肪酸としてベヘン酸を含みかつ上昇融点が50℃以上である極度硬化油脂が、ハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油である、上記<1>〜<5>のいずれか一項に記載のクリーム用油脂組成物。
<7>(B)ラウリン系油脂が、パーム核油である、上記<1>〜<6>のいずれか一項に記載のクリーム用油脂組成物。
<8>油脂組成物の全構成脂肪酸中の多価不飽和脂肪酸含量が10質量%以下である、上記<1>〜<7>のいずれか一項に記載のクリーム用油脂組成物。
<9>上記<1>〜<8>のいずれか一に記載のクリーム用油脂組成物を含む飲料添加用クリーム。
<10>上記<1>〜<8>のいずれか一に記載のクリーム用油脂組成物の、飲料添加用クリームの製造における使用。
That is, the present invention provides the following.
<1> (A) characterized in that 0.5 to 20% by mass of extremely hardened oil and fat containing behenic acid as a constituent fatty acid and having an ascending melting point of 50 ° C. or higher with respect to the total mass of the oil and fat composition, Oil composition for cream.
<2> The fat and oil composition for cream according to the above <1>, wherein 0.5% by mass or more of behenic acid is contained in all constituent fatty acids.
<3> The oil for cream according to the above <1> or <2>, further comprising (B) a lauric oil and fat and (C) a high oleic acid oil containing 40% by mass or more of oleic acid in all constituent fatty acids. Composition.
<4> (B) Oil composition for creams as described in any one of said <1>-<3> which contains 20-70 mass% of lauric fats and oils with respect to the total mass of an oil-fat composition.
<5> (C) The fat and oil composition for cream according to any one of the above <1> to <4>, comprising 30 to 80% by mass of the high oleic oil and fat with respect to the total mass of the fat and oil composition.
<6> (A) The extremely hardened oil / fat containing behenic acid as a constituent fatty acid and having an ascending melting point of 50 ° C. or higher is Hyelsin rapeseed extremely hardened oil, according to any one of the above <1> to <5>. Oil composition for cream.
<7> (B) The fat and oil composition for cream according to any one of the above <1> to <6>, wherein the lauric fat is palm kernel oil.
<8> Oil composition for creams as described in any one of said <1>-<7> whose polyunsaturated fatty acid content in all the fatty acids of an oil-fat composition is 10 mass% or less.
<9> A cream for beverage addition comprising the oil composition for cream according to any one of <1> to <8>.
<10> Use of the oil composition for cream according to any one of <1> to <8> in the production of a cream for adding beverages.
本発明のクリーム用油脂組成物を用いることにより、凍結耐性と酸化安定性の双方を維持しつつ、かつ低コストでクリームを製造することができる。
本発明により、パーム核油のような、ラウリン系油脂として分別を行っていない低コストの油脂を用いても酸化安定性を維持したまま、凍結耐性を高く保つことができる、という驚くべき効果を奏する。
By using the oil composition for cream of the present invention, a cream can be produced at low cost while maintaining both freezing resistance and oxidation stability.
According to the present invention, it is possible to maintain a high freezing resistance while maintaining oxidation stability even when using low-cost oils and fats that are not separated as lauric oils such as palm kernel oil. Play.
本発明のクリーム用油脂組成物は、(A)構成脂肪酸としてベヘン酸を含みかつ上昇融点が50℃以上である極度硬化油脂(以下、「ベヘン酸含有極度硬化油脂」とも呼ぶ)を油脂組成物の全質量に対して、0.5〜20質量%含むことを特徴とする組成物である。
本明細書において、「極度硬化油脂」とは、油脂を水素添加によって不飽和脂肪酸を完全に飽和した油脂である。
(A)ベヘン酸含有極度硬化油脂は、更に好ましくは、1〜10質量%、より好ましくは1〜5質量%、更に好ましくは1〜3質量%の量で油脂組成物中に含まれる。(A)ベヘン酸含有極度硬化油脂は融点が高いため、量が多くなると、油脂組成物の取扱性や輸送等において不利となる場合があるからである。
The fat composition for cream according to the present invention comprises (A) an extremely hardened oil and fat (hereinafter also referred to as “behenic acid-containing extremely hardened oil and fat”) containing behenic acid as a constituent fatty acid and having an elevated melting point of 50 ° C. or higher. It is a composition characterized by including 0.5-20 mass% with respect to the total mass of.
In the present specification, “extremely hardened fats and oils” are fats and oils in which unsaturated fatty acids are completely saturated by hydrogenation of fats and oils.
(A) The behenic acid-containing extremely hardened oil and fat is more preferably contained in the oil and fat composition in an amount of 1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 1 to 5% by mass, and still more preferably 1 to 3% by mass. (A) Because behenic acid-containing extremely hardened fats and oils have a high melting point, if the amount is increased, it may be disadvantageous in handling and transportation of the fat and oil composition.
本発明者らは、(A)ベヘン酸含有極度硬化油脂を0.5〜20質量%添加することにより、ラウリン系油脂として分別を行っていない低コストの油脂(例えばパーム核油等)を用いても、凍結耐性と酸化安定性のバランスのとれたクリームを製造できることを見出した。
(A)ベヘン酸含有極度硬化油脂とは、構成脂肪酸中のベヘン酸含有量が、35%以上であることが好ましく、40%以上であることが更に好ましい。
本発明において(A)ベヘン酸含有極度硬化油脂は上昇融点が50℃以上である。好ましくは上昇融点は55℃であり、更に好ましくは58℃以上である。
本発明において、(A)ベヘン酸含有極度硬化油脂は、ハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油であることが最も好ましい。
The inventors use (A) 0.5 to 20% by mass of behenic acid-containing extremely hardened oil and fat, thereby using low-cost oil and fat (for example, palm kernel oil or the like) that is not separated as lauric oil and fat. However, it has been found that a cream with a balance between freezing resistance and oxidation stability can be produced.
(A) The behenic acid-containing extremely hardened oil and fat preferably has a behenic acid content in the constituent fatty acid of 35% or more, and more preferably 40% or more.
In the present invention, the (A) behenic acid-containing extremely hardened oil / fat has a rising melting point of 50 ° C. or higher. The rising melting point is preferably 55 ° C, more preferably 58 ° C or higher.
In the present invention, the (A) behenic acid-containing extremely hardened oil / fat is most preferably Hyelin rapeseed extremely hardened oil.
本発明のクリーム用油脂組成物は、全構成脂肪酸中にベヘン酸を0.5質量%以上含むことが好ましい。より好ましくはベヘン酸は0.6質量%以上であり、更に好ましくは0.7質量%以上であり、更により好ましくは0.9質量%以上である。このような量のベヘン酸を含む油脂組成物を用いてクリームを製造することにより、酸化安定性を維持したまま、クリームの凍結耐性が顕著に向上させることができる。 The cream fat composition of the present invention preferably contains 0.5% by mass or more of behenic acid in all the constituent fatty acids. More preferably, behenic acid is 0.6% by mass or more, further preferably 0.7% by mass or more, and still more preferably 0.9% by mass or more. By producing a cream using an oil or fat composition containing such an amount of behenic acid, the freezing resistance of the cream can be significantly improved while maintaining oxidative stability.
本発明の油脂組成物は更に、(B)ラウリン系油脂と、(C)全構成脂肪酸中にオレイン酸を40質量%以上含有する高オレイン酸油脂とを含むことが好ましい。
(B)ラウリン系油脂とは、ラウリン酸含有率が高い(50%弱程度)油脂の総称である。具体的なラウリン系油脂としては、ヤシ油、パーム核油、これらの水素添加、エステル交換、分別、配合等に処理を行った油脂を意味する。本発明では、特に低コスト化、工程の短縮の観点から、ヤシ油、あるいはパーム核油の(非処理)油脂が好ましく、更に好ましくはパーム核油である。
(B)ラウリン系油脂は、油脂組成物の全質量に対して20〜70質量%含むことが好ましく、30〜50質量%がより好ましく、更に30〜45質量%が最も好ましい。
The oil and fat composition of the present invention preferably further comprises (B) a lauric oil and fat and (C) a high oleic oil and fat containing 40% by mass or more of oleic acid in the total constituent fatty acids.
(B) Laurin-based fats and oils are a general term for fats and oils having a high lauric acid content (less than about 50%). As specific lauric fats and oils, palm oil, palm kernel oil, and oils and fats that have been processed into hydrogenation, transesterification, fractionation, blending, and the like thereof are meant. In the present invention, coconut oil or palm kernel oil (untreated) oil is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of cost reduction and process shortening, and palm kernel oil is more preferable.
(B) It is preferable to contain 20-70 mass% of lauric fats and oils with respect to the total mass of an oil-fat composition, 30-50 mass% is more preferable, Furthermore, 30-45 mass% is the most preferable.
本明細書において、(C)全構成脂肪酸中にオレイン酸を40質量%以上含有する高オレイン酸油脂(高オレイン酸油脂)の具体例としては、パーム分別高オレイン油(パームダブルオレイン油)、ハイオレイックヒマワリ油、ハイオレイック菜種油、ヒマワリ油、菜種油、大豆油、コーン油、綿実油、紅花油、オリーブ油、またそれらを分別、配合、エステル交換等した油脂が挙げられる。これらの油脂を2種類以上組み合わせて用いてもよい。
酸化安定性の観点からは、ハイオレイックヒマワリ油、パームダブルオレインが好ましい。
また、より高い凍結耐性が得られることからハイオレイック菜種油も好ましい。ただし、ハイオレイック菜種油を用いる場合には、酸化安定性の観点から、油脂組成物の全質量に対して40質量%以下の量において用いることが好ましく、30質量%以下の量であることがより好ましく、更に20質量%以下の量であることが好ましい。
高オレイン酸油脂は室温付近で液状であることが好ましい。ただし「室温付近で液状である」とは、融点が30℃以下の油脂であり、条件により結晶が少量析出するものを含む。
上記高オレイン酸油脂は、油脂組成物の全質量に対して30〜80質量%含むことが好ましく、50〜70質量%がより好ましく、更に55〜70質量%が最も好ましい。
In this specification, (C) As a specific example of the high oleic acid fat (high oleic acid fat) which contains oleic acid 40 mass% or more in all the constituent fatty acids, palm fractionation high oleic oil (palm double oleic oil), High oleic sunflower oil, high oleic rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, olive oil, and fats and oils obtained by separating, blending and transesterifying them. Two or more of these oils and fats may be used in combination.
From the viewpoint of oxidation stability, high oleic sunflower oil and palm double olein are preferred.
High oleic rapeseed oil is also preferable because higher freezing resistance can be obtained. However, when high oleic rapeseed oil is used, it is preferably used in an amount of 40% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the oil or fat composition, from the viewpoint of oxidation stability. Further, the amount is preferably 20% by mass or less.
It is preferable that the high oleic acid fat is liquid around room temperature. However, “liquid in the vicinity of room temperature” means oils and fats having a melting point of 30 ° C. or less, and includes those in which a small amount of crystals are precipitated depending on conditions.
The high oleic oil / fat is preferably contained in an amount of 30 to 80% by mass, more preferably 50 to 70% by mass, and most preferably 55 to 70% by mass with respect to the total mass of the oil / fat composition.
本発明の油脂組成物は、更に全構成脂肪酸中の多価不飽和脂肪酸含量が10質量%以下であること好ましく、8質量%以下であることが更に好ましい。多価不飽和脂肪酸とは、分子内に2重結合を2個以上もつ脂肪酸を意味する。化学反応性をもつ活性メチレン基が存在するため、空気中で自動酸化を受けやすい。多価不飽和脂肪酸含量が多くなると酸化安定性が悪くなり、風味が落ちるなどの問題が生じる。
具体的な多価不飽和脂肪酸の例としては、リノール酸、リノレン酸等が挙げられる。
本明細書では、酸化安定性の指標として、リノール酸、リノレン酸等の多価不飽和脂肪酸に基づいて下記式により算出される「酸化難易度」を用いる。
In the oil and fat composition of the present invention, the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in all the constituent fatty acids is preferably 10% by mass or less, and more preferably 8% by mass or less. The polyunsaturated fatty acid means a fatty acid having two or more double bonds in the molecule. Since there is an active methylene group having chemical reactivity, it is susceptible to auto-oxidation in air. When the polyunsaturated fatty acid content is increased, the oxidation stability is deteriorated and the flavor is lowered.
Specific examples of polyunsaturated fatty acids include linoleic acid and linolenic acid.
In this specification, “oxidation difficulty” calculated by the following formula based on polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid is used as an index of oxidation stability.
本発明の油脂組成物は、上述した(A)〜(C)及び他の油脂を混合して用いてもよく、混合した後更にエステル交換を行って用いてもよい。
エステル交換の方法は当該技術分野で公知の方法で行うことができる。例えば、非選択的エステル交換反応方法、選択型(指向型)エステル交換反応方法が挙げられ(参考文献:安田耕作、福永良一郎、松井宣也、渡辺正男、新版 油脂製品の知識、幸書房)る。本発明は、ナトリウムメチラート等を触媒として、非選択的エステル交換反応方法で行うことが好ましい。
The oil and fat composition of the present invention may be used by mixing the above-described (A) to (C) and other oils and fats, and may be used after further transesterification after mixing.
The method of transesterification can be performed by a method known in the art. For example, non-selective transesterification method, selective (directed) transesterification method (reference: Kosaku Yasuda, Ryoichiro Fukunaga, Nobuya Matsui, Masao Watanabe, new knowledge of oil and fat products, Sachishobo) . The present invention is preferably carried out by a non-selective transesterification method using sodium methylate or the like as a catalyst.
(クリーム組成物及びその製造方法)
上述した油脂組成物から下記のように水中油型乳化油脂組成物であるクリーム組成物を製造することができる。
〔油相部〕
本発明のクリーム組成物は水相部と油相部からなり、油相部に上記本発明の油脂組成物を含有することを特徴とする。
本発明の水中油型乳化油脂組成物の油相部には、上記油脂に加えて、親油性の乳化剤、着香料、着色料等を添加してもよい。乳化剤としては、例えばレシチン、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、有機酸モノグリセリド等従来公知の乳化剤のうちHLBの低い乳化剤が例示でき、本発明においてはこれらのいずれを適宜組み合わせて使用してもよい。
本発明において、組成物全質量に対する油相部質量が5〜45質量%であることが好ましい。この範囲内であると、コーヒーや紅茶等に添加した場合に風味が損なわれず良好だからである。特に油相部質量が45質量%を超えると、グリーシーになり風味が損なわれやすい。
(Cream composition and manufacturing method thereof)
A cream composition which is an oil-in-water emulsified oil / fat composition can be produced from the oil / fat composition described above.
[Oil phase part]
The cream composition of the present invention comprises an aqueous phase part and an oil phase part, and the oil phase part contains the oil composition of the present invention.
In addition to the above fats and oils, lipophilic emulsifiers, flavoring agents, coloring agents and the like may be added to the oil phase part of the oil-in-water emulsified oil / fat composition of the present invention. Examples of the emulsifier include a low HLB emulsifier among conventionally known emulsifiers such as lecithin, glycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, and organic acid monoglyceride. May be used in appropriate combination.
In this invention, it is preferable that the oil-phase part mass with respect to the composition total mass is 5-45 mass%. This is because when the content is within this range, the flavor is not impaired when added to coffee or tea. In particular, when the oil phase part mass exceeds 45% by mass, it becomes greethy and the flavor tends to be impaired.
〔水相部〕
本発明のクリーム組成物の水相部は、水に、カゼインナトリウム、脱脂粉乳、糖類や必要に応じて、蔗糖脂肪酸エステル、クエン酸ナトリウム、トリポリりん酸ナトリウム、第二りん酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、ヘキサメタりん酸ナトリウム、カラギナン等増粘多糖類などを添加してもよい。
(Water phase)
The aqueous phase of the cream composition of the present invention comprises water, sodium caseinate, skim milk powder, sugars and, if necessary, sucrose fatty acid ester, sodium citrate, sodium tripolyphosphate, dibasic sodium phosphate, sodium bicarbonate. A thickening polysaccharide such as sodium hexametaphosphate or carrageenan may be added.
本発明の飲料添加用水中油型乳化油脂組成物には、更に、甘味や粘度の調節を目的として糖類を配合してもよい。糖類としては、例えば、水飴、粉飴、ショ糖、麦芽糖、ソルビトール、マルチトール、エリスリトール、トレハロース等が挙げられ、これは必要に応じ適宜組み合わせて配合される。 The oil-in-water emulsified oil / fat composition for beverage addition of the present invention may further contain saccharides for the purpose of adjusting sweetness and viscosity. Examples of the saccharide include starch syrup, powdered potato, sucrose, maltose, sorbitol, maltitol, erythritol, trehalose, and the like, and these are blended in combination as appropriate.
(クリーム組成物の製造方法)
本発明の飲料添加用のクリーム組成物は、一般的な水中油型乳化油脂組成物の製造方法により製造できる。代表的な方法を述べると、油脂を含む油相部の材料を混合して溶解ないし分散させて油相部を調製する。乳化剤を使用する場合であって、乳化剤が親油性のものを用いる場合には、原料油脂の一部または全部に添加し溶解ないし分散させて油相部を調製する。次に、上述したカゼインナトリウム等の添加物を水に添加して水相部を調製する。
(Method for producing cream composition)
The cream composition for beverage addition of the present invention can be produced by a general method for producing an oil-in-water emulsified fat composition. To describe a typical method, the oil phase part is prepared by mixing and dissolving or dispersing the oil phase part material containing fats and oils. When an emulsifier is used and the emulsifier is lipophilic, it is added to a part or all of the raw oil and fat and dissolved or dispersed to prepare an oil phase part. Next, an additive such as sodium caseinate as described above is added to water to prepare an aqueous phase part.
調製した油相部と水相部を60℃から80℃に加温し、混合して予備乳化を行う。予備乳化後、ホモゲナイザーにて均質化し、バッチ式殺菌法、または間熱加熱方式あるいは直接加熱方式によるUHT滅菌処理法にて滅菌し、再びホモゲナイザーにて均質化し冷却しエージングする。 The prepared oil phase part and aqueous phase part are heated from 60 ° C. to 80 ° C. and mixed to perform preliminary emulsification. After preliminary emulsification, the mixture is homogenized by a homogenizer, sterilized by a batch sterilization method, a UHT sterilization method using an intermediate heating method or a direct heating method, homogenized again by a homogenizer, cooled and aged.
本発明の飲料添加用クリーム組成物は、様々な飲料に添加することができる。具体例としては、コーヒー、紅茶、緑茶、果実飲料等が挙げられる。 The cream composition for beverage addition of the present invention can be added to various beverages. Specific examples include coffee, black tea, green tea, fruit drinks and the like.
〔油脂組成物の分析方法〕
・脂肪酸組成、トランス脂肪酸含量
基準油脂分析法(暫17-2007 トランス脂肪酸含量 キャピラリーガスクロマトグラフ法)に準じて測定した。
ガスクロマトグラフィー装置は、島津製作所(株)製、GC-2010型。カラムは、SUPELCO社製、SP-2560。
[Analytical method of oil and fat composition]
-Fatty acid composition, trans fatty acid content Measured according to the standard fat analysis method (provisional 17-2007 trans fatty acid content capillary gas chromatographic method).
The gas chromatography system is GC-2010, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. The column is SP-2560 manufactured by SUPELCO.
・SFC(固体脂含量)
基準油脂分析法(2.2.9-2003 固体脂含量 NMR法)に準じて測定した。
・ SFC (solid fat content)
Measured according to the standard fat analysis method (2.2.9-2003 solid fat content NMR method).
・上昇融点
基準油脂分析法(2.2.4.2-1996 融点 上昇融点)に準じて測定した。
-Rising melting point Measured according to the standard fat and oil analysis method (2.2.4.2-1996 melting point rising melting point).
・酸化安定性
(油脂酸化難易度)
本明細書において酸化安定性に指標として下記「酸化難易度」を用いた。
油脂組成物の多価不飽和脂肪酸(オレイン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸)含量にそれぞれ特定の係数(オレイン酸…0.89、リノール酸…21、リノレン酸…39)を掛けた数値の和をその油脂組成物の酸化難易度とした(参考文献:福沢健治、寺尾純二、脂質過酸化実験法、廣川書店)。
『酸化難易度=オレイン酸含量×0.89+リノール酸含量×21+リノレン酸含量×39』
例…オレイン酸46.2%、リノール酸8.7%、リノレン酸0%の場合。
(0.89×46.2)+(21×8.7)+(39×0)=224
上記より求めた酸化難易度によって以下のように酸化安定性を評価した。
酸化難易度 〜190 ⇒ ◎
191〜220 ⇒ ○
221〜250 ⇒ △
251〜 ⇒ ×
・ Oxidation stability (Oil oxidation difficulty)
In the present specification, the following “oxidation difficulty” is used as an index for oxidation stability.
The sum of the values obtained by multiplying the polyunsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid) content of the fat composition by specific coefficients (oleic acid ... 0.89, linoleic acid ... 21, linolenic acid ... 39) The oxidation difficulty of the composition was determined (references: Kenji Fukuzawa, Junji Terao, lipid peroxidation experiment method, Yodogawa Shoten).
"Oxidation difficulty = oleic acid content x 0.89 + linoleic acid content x 21 + linolenic acid content x 39"
Example: 46.2% oleic acid, 8.7% linoleic acid, 0% linolenic acid.
(0.89 x 46.2) + (21 x 8.7) + (39 x 0) = 224
The oxidation stability was evaluated as follows according to the oxidation difficulty obtained from the above.
Oxidation difficulty ~ 190 ⇒ ◎
191 ~ 220 ⇒ ○
221 to 250 ⇒ △
251〜 ⇒ ×
〔油脂組成物の調製〕
・原料油脂
・ Raw oil
実施例1
パーム核油39.6質量%、パームダブルオレイン19.8質量%、ハイオレイックヒマワリ油39.6質量%を混合後、結晶を完全に溶解し、油脂に対し、0.12質量%のナトリウムメチラートを触媒として、90℃で30分間、非選択的エステル交換反応を実施した。エステル交換した油脂にハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油1.0質量%を混合した。結晶を完全に溶解し、脱色、脱臭を実施した。実施例1の油脂組成物を得た。
Example 1
After mixing 39.6% by weight of palm kernel oil, 19.8% by weight of palm double olein, and 39.6% by weight of high oleic sunflower oil, the crystals are completely dissolved, and 0.12% by weight of sodium methylate as a catalyst for the fats and oils at 90 ° C. The non-selective transesterification reaction was carried out for 30 minutes. 1.0% by mass of Hyelsin rapeseed extremely hardened oil was mixed with the transesterified oil. The crystals were completely dissolved and decolorized and deodorized. The oil and fat composition of Example 1 was obtained.
実施例2
パーム核油39.2質量%、パームダブルオレイン19.6質量%、ハイオレイックヒマワリ油39.2質量%を混合後、結晶を完全に溶解し、油脂に対し、0.12質量%のナトリウムメチラートを触媒として、90℃で30分間、非選択的エステル交換反応を実施した。エステル交換した油脂にハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油2.0質量%を混合した。結晶を完全に溶解し、脱色、脱臭を実施した。実施例2の油脂組成物を得た。
Example 2
After mixing 39.2% by weight of palm kernel oil, 19.6% by weight of palm double olein and 39.2% by weight of high oleic sunflower oil, the crystals are completely dissolved, and 0.12% by weight of sodium methylate as a catalyst for the fats and oils at 90 ° C. The non-selective transesterification reaction was carried out for 30 minutes. 2.0% by mass of Hyelsin rapeseed extremely hardened oil was mixed with the transesterified oil. The crystals were completely dissolved and decolorized and deodorized. The oil and fat composition of Example 2 was obtained.
実施例3
パーム核油36.0質量%、パームダブルオレイン18.0質量%、ハイオレイックヒマワリ油36.0質量%を混合後、結晶を完全に溶解し、油脂に対し、0.12質量%のナトリウムメチラートを触媒として、90℃で30分間、非選択的エステル交換反応を実施。エステル交換した油脂にハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油10.0質量%を混合した。結晶を完全に溶解し、脱色、脱臭を実施した。実施例3の油脂組成物を得た。
Example 3
After mixing 36.0% by weight of palm kernel oil, 18.0% by weight of palm double olein and 36.0% by weight of high oleic sunflower oil, the crystals are completely dissolved, and 0.12% by weight of sodium methylate is used as a catalyst for the fats and oils at 90 ° C. Perform non-selective transesterification for 30 minutes. The transesterified oil and fat was mixed with 10.0% by mass of Hyelsin rapeseed extremely hardened oil. The crystals were completely dissolved and decolorized and deodorized. The oil and fat composition of Example 3 was obtained.
実施例4
パーム核油32.0質量%、パームダブルオレイン16.0質量%、ハイオレイックヒマワリ油32.0質量%を混合後、結晶を完全に溶解し、油脂に対し、0.12質量%のナトリウムメチラートを触媒として、90℃で30分間、非選択的エステル交換反応を実施した。エステル交換した油脂にハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油20.0質量%を混合した。結晶を完全に溶解し、脱色、脱臭を実施した。実施例4の油脂組成物を得た。
Example 4
After mixing 32.0% by weight of palm kernel oil, 16.0% by weight of palm double olein and 32.0% by weight of high oleic sunflower oil, the crystals are completely dissolved, and 0.12% by weight of sodium methylate is used as a catalyst for the fats and oils at 90 ° C. The non-selective transesterification reaction was carried out for 30 minutes. The transesterified oil was mixed with 20.0% by mass of Hyelsin rapeseed extremely hardened oil. The crystals were completely dissolved and decolorized and deodorized. The oil and fat composition of Example 4 was obtained.
実施例5
パーム核油49.5質量%、パームダブルオレイン29.7質量%、ハイオレイック菜種油19.8質量%を混合後、結晶を完全に溶解し、油脂に対し、0.12質量%のナトリウムメチラートを触媒として、90℃で30分間、非選択的エステル交換反応を実施した。エステル交換した油脂にハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油1.0質量%を混合した。結晶を完全に溶解し、脱色、脱臭を実施した。実施例5の油脂組成物を得た。
Example 5
After mixing 49.5% by mass of palm kernel oil, 29.7% by mass of palm double olein, and 19.8% by mass of high oleic rapeseed oil, the crystals are completely dissolved, and 0.12% by mass of sodium methylate as a catalyst for the oil and fat at 90 ° C for 30 minutes A non-selective transesterification reaction was performed. 1.0% by mass of Hyelsin rapeseed extremely hardened oil was mixed with the transesterified oil. The crystals were completely dissolved and decolorized and deodorized. The oil and fat composition of Example 5 was obtained.
実施例6
パーム核油49.0質量%、パームダブルオレイン29.4質量%、ハイオレイック菜種油19.6質量%を混合後、結晶を完全に溶解し、油脂に対し、0.12質量%のナトリウムメチラートを触媒として、90℃で30分間、非選択的エステル交換反応を実施した。エステル交換した油脂にハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油2.0質量%を混合した。結晶を完全に溶解し、脱色、脱臭を実施した。実施例6の油脂組成物を得た。
Example 6
After mixing 49.0% by weight of palm kernel oil, 29.4% by weight of palm double olein, and 19.6% by weight of high oleic rapeseed oil, the crystals are completely dissolved, and 0.12% by weight of sodium methylate as a catalyst for the oil and fat at 90 ° C for 30 minutes A non-selective transesterification reaction was performed. 2.0% by mass of Hyelsin rapeseed extremely hardened oil was mixed with the transesterified oil. The crystals were completely dissolved and decolorized and deodorized. The oil and fat composition of Example 6 was obtained.
実施例7
パーム核油44.55質量%、パームダブルオレイン34.65質量%、ハイオレイック菜種油19.8質量%を混合後、結晶を完全に溶解し、油脂に対し、0.12質量%のナトリウムメチラートを触媒として、90℃で30分間、非選択的エステル交換反応を実施。エステル交換した油脂にハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油10.0質量%を混合した。結晶を完全に溶解し、脱色、脱臭を実施した。実施例7の油脂組成物を得た。
Example 7
After mixing 44.55% by weight of palm kernel oil, 34.65% by weight of palm double olein, and 19.8% by weight of high-oleic rapeseed oil, the crystals are completely dissolved, and 0.12% by weight of sodium methylate is used as a catalyst for the oil and fat at 90 ° C for 30 minutes. , Conducted non-selective transesterification. The transesterified oil and fat was mixed with 10.0% by mass of Hyelsin rapeseed extremely hardened oil. The crystals were completely dissolved and decolorized and deodorized. The oil and fat composition of Example 7 was obtained.
実施例8
パーム核油44.1質量%、パームダブルオレイン34.3質量%、ハイオレイック菜種油19.6質量%を混合後、結晶を完全に溶解し、油脂に対し、0.12質量%のナトリウムメチラートを触媒として、90℃で30分間、非選択的エステル交換反応を実施。エステル交換した油脂にハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油10.0質量%を混合した。結晶を完全に溶解し、脱色、脱臭を実施した。実施例8の油脂組成物を得た。
Example 8
After mixing 44.1% by weight of palm kernel oil, 34.3% by weight of palm double olein, and 19.6% by weight of high oleic rapeseed oil, the crystals are completely dissolved, and 0.12% by weight of sodium methylate as a catalyst for the oil and fat at 90 ° C for 30 minutes , Conducted non-selective transesterification. The transesterified oil and fat was mixed with 10.0% by mass of Hyelsin rapeseed extremely hardened oil. The crystals were completely dissolved and decolorized and deodorized. The oil and fat composition of Example 8 was obtained.
比較例1
パーム核油40.0質量%、パームダブルオレイン20.0質量%、ハイオレイックヒマワリ油40.0質量%を混合後、結晶を完全に溶解し、油脂に対し、0.12質量%のナトリウムメチラートを触媒として、90℃で30分間、非選択的エステル交換反応させ、脱色、脱臭を実施した。比較例1の油脂組成物を得た。
Comparative Example 1
After mixing 40.0% by weight of palm kernel oil, 20.0% by weight of palm double olein, and 40.0% by weight of high oleic sunflower oil, the crystals are completely dissolved, and 0.12% by weight of sodium methylate is used as a catalyst for the fats and oils at 90 ° C. For 30 minutes, followed by non-selective transesterification to perform decolorization and deodorization. The oil and fat composition of Comparative Example 1 was obtained.
比較例2
パーム核油39.2質量%、パームダブルオレイン19.6質量%、ハイオレイックヒマワリ39.2質量%を混合後、結晶を完全に溶解し、油脂に対し、0.12質量%のナトリウムメチラートを触媒として、90℃で30分間、非選択的エステル交換反応を実施した。エステル交換した油脂に菜種極度硬化油2.0質量%を混合した。結晶を完全に溶解し、脱色、脱臭を実施した。比較例2の油脂組成物を得た。
Comparative Example 2
After mixing 39.2% by weight of palm kernel oil, 19.6% by weight of palm double olein, and 39.2% by weight of high oleic sunflower, the crystals were completely dissolved, and 0.12% by weight of sodium methylate as a catalyst for the oil and fat at 90 ° C. A non-selective transesterification reaction was performed for 30 minutes. 2.0% by mass of rapeseed extremely hardened oil was mixed with the transesterified oil. The crystals were completely dissolved and decolorized and deodorized. The oil and fat composition of Comparative Example 2 was obtained.
比較例3
パーム核油39.2質量%、パームダブルオレイン19.6質量%、ハイオレイックヒマワリ39.2質量%を混合後、結晶を完全に溶解し、油脂に対し、0.12質量%のナトリウムメチラートを触媒として、90℃で30分間、非選択的エステル交換反応を実施した。エステル交換した油脂にパーム極度硬化油2.0質量%を混合した。結晶を完全に溶解し、脱色、脱臭を実施した。比較例3の油脂組成物を得た。
Comparative Example 3
After mixing 39.2% by weight of palm kernel oil, 19.6% by weight of palm double olein, and 39.2% by weight of high oleic sunflower, the crystals were completely dissolved, and 0.12% by weight of sodium methylate as a catalyst for the oil and fat at 90 ° C. A non-selective transesterification reaction was performed for 30 minutes. 2.0% by mass of palm extremely hardened oil was mixed with the transesterified oil. The crystals were completely dissolved and decolorized and deodorized. The oil and fat composition of Comparative Example 3 was obtained.
比較例4
パーム核油38.0質量%、パームダブルオレイン24.0質量%、ハイオレイックヒマワリ38.0質量%を混合後、結晶を完全に溶解し、油脂に対し、0.12質量%のナトリウムメチラートを触媒として、90℃で30分間、非選択的エステル交換反応を実施し、脱色、脱臭を実施した。比較例4の油脂組成物を得た。
Comparative Example 4
After mixing 38.0% by weight of palm kernel oil, 24.0% by weight of palm double olein, and 38.0% by weight of high oleic sunflower, the crystals are completely dissolved, and 0.12% by weight of sodium methylate as a catalyst for the oil and fat at 90 ° C. A non-selective transesterification reaction was performed for 30 minutes, and decolorization and deodorization were performed. The oil and fat composition of Comparative Example 4 was obtained.
比較例5
パーム核油50.0質量%、パームダブルオレイ30.0質量%、ハイオレイック菜種油20.0質量%を混合後、結晶を完全に溶解し、油脂に対し、0.12質量%のナトリウムメチラートを触媒として、90℃で30分間、非選択的エステル交換反応を実施した。結晶を完全に溶解し、脱色、脱臭を実施した。比較例3の油脂組成物を得た。
Comparative Example 5
After blending 50.0% by weight of palm kernel oil, 30.0% by weight of palm double olei and 20.0% by weight of high oleic rapeseed oil, the crystals are completely dissolved, and 0.12% by weight of sodium methylate as a catalyst for the oil and fat at 90 ° C for 30 minutes A non-selective transesterification reaction was performed. The crystals were completely dissolved and decolorized and deodorized. The oil and fat composition of Comparative Example 3 was obtained.
比較例6
パーム核油45.0質量%、パームダブルオレイン35.0質量%、ハイオレイック菜種油20.0質量%を混合後、結晶を完全に溶解し、油脂に対し、0.12質量%のナトリウムメチラートを触媒として、90℃で30分間、非選択的エステル交換反応を実施し、脱色、脱臭を実施した。比較例4の油脂組成物を得た。
Comparative Example 6
After mixing 45.0% by weight of palm kernel oil, 35.0% by weight of palm double olein, and 20.0% by weight of high oleic rapeseed oil, the crystals are completely dissolved, and 0.12% by weight of sodium methylate as a catalyst for the fats and oils at 90 ° C for 30 minutes , Non-selective transesterification was carried out, and decolorization and deodorization were carried out. The oil and fat composition of Comparative Example 4 was obtained.
油脂配合割合を下記表2及び3に示す。
〔コーヒークリームの調製〕
[Preparation of coffee cream]
上記油相部と水相部を混合させ、65℃にて10分間、予備乳化を行い、100kg/cm2で均質化した。次いで、75℃にて15分間、加熱殺菌を行い、300kg/cm2で再度、均質化した。
均質化後、冷却し、5℃で1晩、エージングし、コーヒークリームを調製した。
The oil phase part and the aqueous phase part were mixed, pre-emulsified at 65 ° C. for 10 minutes, and homogenized at 100 kg / cm 2 . Subsequently, it was sterilized by heating at 75 ° C. for 15 minutes, and homogenized again at 300 kg / cm 2 .
After homogenization, the mixture was cooled and aged at 5 ° C. overnight to prepare a coffee cream.
〔コーヒークリームの物性評価方法〕
・凍結耐性試験
コーヒークリームを10mlのバイアル瓶に5ml採取。
-20℃で1晩、凍結後、各温度帯(5℃、20℃、30℃)で6時間解凍し、評価した。
『流動性(増粘、ボテ、固化)、離水』を観察し、下記の通りに評価した。
(流動性) 増粘無し ⇒ ◎
増粘 ⇒ ○
ボテ有り ⇒ △
固化 ⇒ ×
(離水) 離水無し ⇒ (−)
離水若干有り ⇒ (±)
離水有り ⇒ (+)
[Method for evaluating physical properties of coffee cream]
・ Freezing tolerance test Take 5ml of coffee cream in a 10ml vial.
After freezing at -20 ° C overnight, it was thawed for 6 hours at each temperature zone (5 ° C, 20 ° C, 30 ° C) and evaluated.
“Fluidity (thickening, bottling, solidification), water separation” was observed and evaluated as follows.
(Fluidity) No thickening ⇒ ◎
Thickening ⇒ ○
With botton ⇒ △
Solidification ⇒ ×
(Water separation) No water separation ⇒ (-)
There is some water separation ⇒ (±)
There is water separation ⇒ (+)
・ヒートショック耐性試験
コーヒークリームを10mlのバイアル瓶に5ml採取した。
40℃にて8時間放置した後、5℃にて1晩放置し、評価した。
評価方法は、凍結耐性試験と同様にした。
Heat shock resistance test 5 ml of coffee cream was collected in a 10 ml vial.
After leaving at 40 ° C. for 8 hours, it was left at 5 ° C. overnight and evaluated.
The evaluation method was the same as in the freeze tolerance test.
表4及び5に各評価結果を示した。
表4から明らかなように、本発明のクリーム用油脂組成物を用いて製造される、ハイオレインヒマワリ油を用いた実施例1〜4のクリームは、いずれも高い、酸化安定性、凍結耐性及びヒートショック耐性を示した。
一方、ハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油を含まない他は実施例1と同じ配合の油脂組成物から製造された比較例1の油脂組成物は、凍結耐性において大きく劣り、ボテとなったり、離水が見られた。また、ハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油の代わりに、菜種極度硬化油、あるいはパーム極度硬化油を同量含む配合の油脂組成物から製造された比較例2及び3の油脂組成物も凍結耐性が低く、離水が見られた。
ハイオレイック菜種油を(C)成分を多量にして用いると、凍結耐性は良いが、多価不飽和脂肪酸量が非常に多く、酸化安定性が大きく低下してしまい、バランスのとれた油脂組成物を得ることはできなかった(比較例4)。
ハイオレイック菜種油を(C)成分として用いる場合には、ハイオレイック菜種油の量を比較的少なく用いて、ハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油を用いることにより、酸化安定性と凍結耐性のバランスがとれた油脂組成物を得ることができた(実施例5〜8及び比較例5〜6)。
このように、ハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油をわずかに加えたのみで、酸化安定性あるいはヒートショック耐性を変えることなく、凍結耐性を向上させることができることは驚くべきことである。
Tables 4 and 5 show the evaluation results.
As is apparent from Table 4, the creams of Examples 1 to 4 using hyolein sunflower oil produced using the oil composition for cream of the present invention are all high in oxidative stability, freezing resistance and It showed heat shock resistance.
On the other hand, the oil / fat composition of Comparative Example 1 produced from the oil / fat composition having the same composition as that of Example 1 except that it does not contain Hyelsin rapeseed extremely hardened oil is greatly inferior in freezing resistance, becomes sizzling, and water separation is observed. It was. In addition, the oil and fat compositions of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 manufactured from oil compositions containing the same amount of rapeseed extremely hardened oil or palm extremely hardened oil instead of Hyelsin rapeseed extremely hardened oil also have low freezing resistance and water separation. It was observed.
When high oleic rapeseed oil is used in a large amount of component (C), freezing resistance is good, but the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acid is very large and oxidation stability is greatly reduced, and a well-balanced oil composition is obtained. (Comparative Example 4).
When high oleic rapeseed oil is used as component (C), an oil and fat composition having a good balance between oxidation stability and freezing resistance is obtained by using a relatively high amount of high oleic rapeseed oil and using high-erucin rapeseed extremely hardened oil. (Examples 5-8 and Comparative Examples 5-6).
Thus, it is surprising that freezing resistance can be improved with only a slight addition of Hyelsin rapeseed extremely hardened oil without changing oxidative stability or heat shock resistance.
Claims (7)
(A)構成脂肪酸としてベヘン酸を含みかつ上昇融点が50℃以上である極度硬化油脂であって、油脂組成物の全質量に対して0.5〜20質量%の量の極度硬化油脂、
(B)油脂組成物の全質量に対して20〜50質量%の量のパーム核油、
(C)油脂組成物の全質量に対して30〜70質量%の量の高オレイン酸油脂。 Oil composition for coffee cream comprising the following (A), (B) and (C):
(A) An extremely hardened fat and oil containing behenic acid as a constituent fatty acid and having an ascending melting point of 50 ° C. or higher, in an amount of 0.5 to 20% by weight with respect to the total weight of the fat and oil composition,
(B) Palm kernel oil in an amount of 20 to 50% by mass relative to the total mass of the oil and fat composition,
(C) High oleic oil and fat in an amount of 30 to 70% by mass relative to the total mass of the oil and fat composition.
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