JP5252524B2 - Roundness measuring device and roundness measuring method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a product roundness measuring apparatus and a roundness measuring method in a processing line.

For example, the roundness measurement of the outer circumference of the shaft in the engine balancer shaft processing line is
Because the measurement environment is not a constant temperature room, it is easily affected by temperature changes.
Measurement results are not automatically recorded,
Due to gauge measurement by the measurer, the evaluation criteria vary widely.
Depending on the measurement posture, deflection may occur due to the weight of the measurement object, and accurate measurement cannot be performed.
Can only evaluate the maximum and minimum values of the measurement part to be measured,
We had problems such as.

  In addition to the above, a crankshaft roundness measuring device that can easily and accurately measure the roundness of a journal part without individual differences among measurers is disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .

However, in Patent Document 1, since the measurement object is measured in such a manner that the center of the rotation axis is horizontal, the influence of the crankshaft's own weight cannot be completely eliminated.
Further, since the measurement is performed manually by the measurer, labor saving cannot be achieved.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-69716

  The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, can be used in a processing line, is not easily affected by temperature changes, and automatically records the measurement results, and the measurement results are shown in a graph. An object of the present invention is to provide a roundness measuring apparatus and a measuring method capable of knowing a tendency of quality.

  According to the present invention, a control panel (C) provided with a measuring machine main body (A), a measuring machine mounting base (B) for mounting the measuring machine main body (A), and a monitor (M) for displaying the roundness evaluation. ), The measuring machine body (A) moves in the vertical direction along the table (1), the column (2) provided on the table, and the column (2). A step stocking motor (5) comprising a head stock section (3) constructed, a rotating unit (4) provided on the table (1), and a stepping motor (5) connected to the rotating unit (4). Is configured to rotate while determining a predetermined number of measurement points as a central angle, and the rotation unit (4) includes a first rotation unit for matching the rotation center of the work (W) with the rotation center of the rotation unit (4). 1 centering jig (7) is installed. The workpiece fixing member (8) sandwiched between the first centering jig (7) and the second centering jig (9) of the headstock (3) is provided on the upper surface of the rotating unit (4). The sensor mounting jig provided on the table (1) is provided with a sensor (10), and the storage means built in the control panel (C) has measurement data of the reference member (50) serving as a reference for a perfect circle. Is stored for each measurement point, and the measurement data of the workpiece (W) measured by the sensor (10) by the control unit built in the control panel (C) is compared with the measurement data of the reference member (50). The difference between the measurement data of the reference member (50) and the measurement data of the workpiece (W) at the corresponding measurement point is obtained, and it is determined whether the difference is within the reference value.

  Further, according to the present invention, the control panel provided with the measuring machine main body (A), the measuring machine mounting base (B) on which the measuring machine main body (A) is mounted, and the monitor (M) for displaying the roundness evaluation (C), the first centering jig (7) of the lower rotating unit (4) and the second centering jig (9) of the head stock portion (3) of the upper part of the measuring machine main body (A). In the roundness measurement method for measuring the roundness measurement location by rotating the workpiece (W) sandwiched between and with a stepping motor, select measurement points around the roundness measurement location, A reference member (50) serving as a reference is sandwiched between the first centering jig (7) and the second centering jig (9), the reference member (50) is measured, and the measurement data is transferred to the control panel (C ) Is stored for each measurement point in the storage means built in), and when the measurement of all the measurement points is completed, the work (W) It is sandwiched between the centering jig (7) and the second centering jig (9), selects the measurement point of the workpiece (W), performs measurement, and the control unit built in the control panel (C) is a reference member. The measurement data of (50) and the measurement data of the workpiece (W) are compared to determine the difference between the measurement data of the reference member (50) and the measurement data of the workpiece (W) at the corresponding measurement point, and the difference is the reference. It is determined whether or not the value is within the range, and if it does not fall within the reference value, a failure is displayed on the monitor (M) of the control panel (C).

  According to the roundness measuring apparatus (100) of the present invention having the above-described configuration, a reference member (master bar 50) serving as a reference for roundness is provided, and a measurement target support member (first centering jig 7) is provided. And the second centering jig 9) of the upper fixing portion 3 are configured to support the reference member (50) or the measurement target (work 40) so that the longitudinal direction is vertical. 50) and the measurement target (40) have a very small amount of deformation in the measurement direction due to their own weight, and an accurate roundness can be obtained. In addition, since the support posture of the reference member (50) and the measurement target (40) is vertical, there is no influence by the temperature of the reference member (50) and the measurement target (40) and the pointing member, and the roundness with high accuracy is obtained. Can be obtained.

  Since the roundness measuring device (100) of the present invention is a relative evaluation of the reference member (master bar 50) and the measurement target (work 40), for example, even if the entire device is tilted, the temperature changes. However, the measurement conditions of the reference member (master bar 50) and the measurement conditions of the measurement target (work 40) are the same, and the errors between each other are offset.

The roundness measuring apparatus (100) according to the present invention preliminarily includes a measurement target support member (first centering jig 7 and second centering jig 9) and a reference member (50) or a measurement target (40). A rotating member (rotating unit 4 and rotation driving unit 5) that rotates to be indexable by a determined center angle, and a reference member (50) or a measurement object (40) at a measurement point corresponding to the determined center angle. A sensor unit (10) that contacts and measures the coordinates of the contact location and a control device (control panel C) are provided.
Then, the control device (C) obtains a difference between the coordinates at the measurement point of the reference member (50) and the coordinates of the measurement target (40) at the corresponding measurement point, and determines whether or not the difference exceeds a threshold value. Therefore, the accuracy of the roundness is improved by setting the index angle to, for example, 1 ° pitch (360 ° is divided into 360 °). .

Further, the roundness measuring device (100) of the present invention has a display device (monitor M) for displaying the measurement result by the sensor unit (10) and the roundness determined by the control device (C). Thus, by displaying the measurement result in a graph on the display device (monitor M), the measurer can always confirm the measurement result visually.

  Further, if the control device (C) is equipped with a storage device, the measurement results are automatically recorded in the storage device, the measurement objects are compared, and the comparison results are fed back to the subsequent processing. Management is improved.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and FIGS. First, in FIG. 1, the roundness measuring apparatus denoted by reference numeral 100 as a whole includes a measuring machine main body A, a measuring machine mounting base B on which the measuring machine main body A is placed, and a control panel C. The measuring machine main body A and the control panel C are connected by a control cable 90.

  The control panel C is provided with a monitor M which is a display means, and can display roundness evaluation and polygonal evaluation as a graph. Further, although not shown, the control panel C is also equipped with storage means, and is configured to be able to save data obtained by measurement in the storage means.

The measuring machine main body A includes a table 1, a column 2, an upper fixing part (hereinafter referred to as a headstock part) 3, a rotation unit 4, and a rotation drive part (in the example shown in the figure, a stepping motor is used. 5). The stepping motor 5 is an indexable motor that can be stopped at a position where one rotation (360 °) is equally divided into arbitrary angles. That is, the stepping motor 5 is configured to rotate while calculating a numerical value obtained by dividing 360 ° by a predetermined number of measurement points (for example, 360 points or 720 points) as a central angle.
The rotation unit 4 is embedded in the center of the table 1, is connected to a stepping motor 5 through a connection member (coupling) 6, and is rotated by the stepping motor 5.

  Referring also to FIG. 2, the rotation unit 4 is configured so that a first centering jig 7 for attaching the rotation center of the workpiece W to be measured exactly to the rotation center of the rotation unit 4 is attached. Has been. The first centering jig 7 has a conical tip, and is configured to be inserted into a taper hole 44 for centering the work W (balancer shaft 40) described in detail in FIG.

  A lower work fixing member 8 is configured to be installed in the vicinity of the first centering jig 7 on the upper surface of the rotary unit 4. The work fixing member 8 below is rotated by sandwiching a measurement object (workpiece) W between a conical tip 71 of the first centering jig 7 and a second centering jig 9 of the headstock 3 which will be described later. It is gold.

  At the four corners of the table 1, legs 1a whose lengths can be adjusted by screws are provided. The measuring device installation allowance B is also provided with a plurality of legs Ba whose lengths can be adjusted by screws. That is, by adjusting the length of either the table leg 1a or the leg Ba of the measuring apparatus mounting base B, the upper surface of the table is configured to be horizontal.

The headstock 3 includes a centering jig support unit 31 that vertically supports the second centering jig 9 having a conical tip, a lifting mechanism unit 32, a centering support unit 31, and a rear part 32 of the elevator. And an arm part 33 for connecting the two.
The second centering jig 9 is configured such that the tip is formed in a conical shape, and the tip of the cone faces downward when engaged with the centering jig support 31.

A first handle 34 is provided on the upper end side of the centering jig support 31, and the second centering jig 9 is configured to move a small amount in the vertical direction when the first handle 34 is turned. Has been. Note that the second centering jig 9 is configured to be rotatable with respect to the centering jig support 31. That is, the second centering jig 9 is configured to perform the same rotation as the rotation of the rotating unit 4 when the measuring object W is set in the measuring machine main body A.
The lifting mechanism portion 32 is provided with a second handle 35. When the second handle 35 is turned, the entire head stock 3 is moved along the front surface of the column 2 (the left vertical surface in FIG. 2). It is configured to move in the vertical direction (arrow Y direction).

  The tip of the cone of the first centering jig 7 and the tip of the cone of the second centering jig 9 are configured to exist on one vertical line Lv. In a region between the column 2 and the vertical line Lv in the table 1, there is a sensor mounting jig 12 for mounting a pair of sensors 10 to be described later and a work support member 11 that supports the vicinity of both ends of the work W as a secondary. 1 is installed on top.

The number of sensors 10 is two because the measurement object (workpiece) W is an engine balancer shaft (described later in FIG. 3) in the illustrated example, and the balancer shaft has a journal that is a roundness measurement point. This is because there are two parts.
In addition, even if there are two places to be measured, the same number of sensors 10 as the number of measurement places can be prepared.

  FIG. 3 shows a side surface of the balancer shaft 40 that is a measurement target. In FIG. 3, symbol Lc indicates the center line (axis center) of the rotation axis of the balancer shaft 40. As described above, the balancer shaft 40 is formed with journal portions 41 and 42 in the vicinity of both ends, and the shaft portion 43 on the journal portion 42 side is offset from the shaft center Lc.

  Centering taper holes 44 are formed on both end surfaces of the balancer shaft 40. The centering taper holes 44 on both end faces are formed on the axial center Lc. The outer diameter D of the journal portions 41 and 42 is a measurement location.

  FIG. 4 shows a cross section of a reference member (hereinafter, referred to as a master bar) 50 that serves as a reference for a perfect circle of a measured portion of the balancer shaft. The master bar 50 includes a large diameter portion 51 that occupies most of the length direction of the master bar 50 and a remaining small diameter portion 52. A groove portion 53 is formed between the large diameter portion 51 and the small diameter portion 52. The diameter Ds of the large diameter portion 51 is a reference for the diameter D of the journal portions 41 and 42 of the balancer shaft 40 to be measured.

  Centering taper holes 54 are formed at the centers of the left and right end faces of the master bar 50. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the tapered hole 54 includes a tapered portion 54 a, a lower hole 54 b, and a counterbore portion 54 c provided on the end face side of the shaft.

  A method of measuring the roundness of the master bar 50 and the balancer shaft 40, which is a product, using the roundness measuring apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, and maintaining the acceptable quality of the product (balancer shaft) 40 is a flowchart of FIG. Based on

  First, in step S1, the number of measurement points is selected. In this embodiment, 360 points are obtained by dividing one circumference into 360 parts as measurement points in the present embodiment. The number of measurement points may be different between the master bar 50 and the measurement target. In that case, the condition is that the number of measurement points of the master bar is larger than the number of measurement points of the measurement object.

  Referring also to FIG. 2, in the next step S <b> 2, the conical tip of the first centering jig 7 is inserted into one of the centering taper holes 54 of the master bar 50, and the master turning tool (Keley) is used. The master bar 50 is rotated. At the same time, both ends of the master bar 50 are supported by a pair of work support members 11 attached to the sensor attachment jig 12, and the master bar 50 is set substantially vertically by adjusting the support members 11.

Before the setting, the head stock 3 is moved above the master bar 50 by operating the second handle 35.
When the setting of the master bar 50 is completed, the second handle 35 and the first handle 34 are operated to lower the head stock 3, and the conical tip of the second centering jig 9 is moved to the upper end of the master bar 50. Insert into the centering taper hole 54.
Since the center of the first centering jig 7 and the center of the second centering jig 9 are on a common vertical line Lv, the conical tip of the second centering jig 9 is centered on the upper end of the master bar 50. By inserting the taper hole 54 for use, the central axis of the master bar 50 faces in the vertical direction.

  Measurement of the master bar 50 is started (step S3), and the measurement data is stored in the storage means (not shown) built in the operation panel C while specifying the measurement point for each measurement point. Measurement data is automatically created by such a method (step S4).

  In the next step S5, a control unit (not shown) built in the operation panel C waits for the measurement of all points to be completed (NO loop in step S5), and if the measurement of all points is completed (step S5). YES), the process proceeds to step S6.

  In step S6, the work for measurement (balancer shaft) 40 is set with the same work content as step S2. Then, the number of measurement workpieces is selected (step S7), measurement of the journal portions 41 and 42 of the balancer shaft 40 is started (step S8), and measurement data is automatically created in the same manner as in step S4 (step S4). S9).

  In step S10, the data of the master bar 50 is compared with the data of the balancer shaft 40 that is the measurement target, and the difference between the data of the master bar 50 and the data of the balancer shaft 40 at the corresponding measurement point is obtained. Then, it is determined whether it is within the reference value (step S11).

  If the difference is within the reference value (YES in step S11), the process proceeds to step S12, and if not within the reference value (NO in step S11), the process proceeds to step S13.

In step S12, it is determined whether or not measurement of all workpieces has been completed. If all the workpieces have been measured (YES in step S12), the measurement is terminated. If measurement of all the workpieces has not been completed (NO in step S12), the process returns to step S6, and step S6 and subsequent steps are repeated for the next balancer shaft.
In step S13, after displaying NG (failure) on the monitor M of the control panel C, the measurement is finished.

  Here, in the control flowchart of FIG. 6, the operator (measurer) performs steps S2 and S6 by operating the measuring instrument main body A, but all other steps are performed by the control panel C and the measuring apparatus main body A. Done automatically.

According to the roundness measuring apparatus 100 of the embodiment having the above-described configuration, the master bar 50 serving as a reference for roundness is provided, and the first centering jig 7 and the second centering jig of the headstock 3 are provided. 9 is configured to support the master bar 50 or the balancer shaft 40 as a work so that the longitudinal direction is vertical. Therefore, the master bar 50 and the balancer shaft 40 have a very small amount of deformation in the measurement direction due to their own weight, and an accurate roundness can be obtained.
In addition, since the support posture of the master bar 50 and the balancer shaft 40 is vertical, the influence of the temperature of the master bar 50 and the balancer shaft 40 and the support members (the first centering jig 7 and the second centering jig 9) is also affected. Without being obtained, a highly accurate roundness measurement value can be obtained.

  Further, the roundness measuring apparatus 100 of the present embodiment has a measurement target support member (first centering jig 7 and second centering jig 9) and a master bar 50 or a balancer shaft 40 that are determined in advance. The stepping motor 5 and the rotation unit 4 that rotate so as to be indexable by each center angle, and the sensor that contacts the master bar 50 or the balancer shaft 40 at the measurement point corresponding to the indexed center angle and measures the coordinates of the contact point 10 and a control panel C. The control panel C obtains a difference (difference) between the coordinates at the measurement point of the master bar 50 and the coordinates of the balancer shaft 40 at the corresponding measurement point, and the difference is a threshold value. It is configured to determine whether or not it has been exceeded and thereby control the measurement target. Therefore, by setting the index angle to, for example, a 1 ° pitch (one round 360 ° is divided into 360) or more, the accuracy of roundness is increased.

Further, the roundness measuring apparatus 100 of the present embodiment has a monitor M that displays the measurement result by the sensor 10 and the roundness determined by the control panel C, and the measurement result is displayed on the monitor M as a graph. By doing so, the measurer can always confirm the measurement result visually.

  Further, if a storage device is provided in the control panel C, the measurement results are automatically recorded, compared between the measurement objects, and the comparison results are fed back to the subsequent processing, further quality control can be improved.

  It should be noted that the illustrated embodiment is merely an example, and is not a description to limit the technical scope of the present invention.

The front view which shows the whole structure of embodiment of this invention. The side view corresponding to FIG. The side view of a measuring object. The side view of a master bar. The enlarged view of the taper hole in FIG. The flowchart explaining the measuring method of embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Table 2 ... Column 3 ... Upper fixed part / headstock 4 ... Rotation unit 5 ... Rotation drive part / stepping motor 6 ... Connection member 7 ... 1st core Setting jig 8 ... Lower work fixing member 9 ... Second centering jig 10 ... Sensor 100 ... Roundness measuring device A ... Measuring machine body A
B ... Measuring machine mounting base C ... Control panel M ... Monitor W ... Workpiece

Claims (2)

A perfect circle comprising a measuring machine main body (A), a measuring machine mounting base (B) for mounting the measuring machine main body (A), and a control panel (C) provided with a monitor (M) for displaying roundness evaluation. In the degree measuring device, the measuring machine main body (A) includes a table (1), a column (2) provided on the table, and a head stock unit configured to move in the vertical direction along the column (2). (3), a rotation unit (4) provided on the table (1), and a stepping motor (5) connected to the rotation unit (4), the stepping motor (5) being measured in advance. The rotation unit (4) is configured to rotate while being indexed with the number of points as a center angle, and the rotation unit (4) includes a first centering jig (for aligning the rotation center of the workpiece (W) with the rotation center of the rotation unit (4)). 7), the first of which A work fixing member (8) sandwiched between the centering jig (7) and the second centering jig (9) of the headstock (3) is provided on the upper surface of the rotating unit (4), and the table (1) The sensor mounting jig provided above is provided with a sensor (10), and the storage means built in the control panel (C) stores the measurement data of the reference member (50) serving as a reference for a perfect circle for each measurement point. The control unit built in the control panel (C) compares the measurement data of the workpiece (W) measured by the sensor (10) with the measurement data of the reference member (50), and the corresponding measurement points. A roundness measuring apparatus having a function of obtaining a difference between measurement data of a reference member (50) and measurement data of a workpiece (W) and determining whether or not the difference is within a reference value . Using a measuring machine main body (A), a measuring machine mounting base (B) for mounting the measuring machine main body (A), and a control panel (C) provided with a monitor (M) for displaying the roundness evaluation, The workpiece (W) sandwiched between the first centering jig (7) of the rotating unit (4) and the second centering jig (9) of the head stock portion (3) on the upper part of the measuring machine main body (A) (W) ) Is rotated by a stepping motor to measure the roundness measurement location, the measurement point around the roundness measurement location is selected, and the reference member (50) serving as a reference for the roundness Is sandwiched between the first centering jig (7) and the second centering jig (9), the reference member (50) is measured, and the measurement data is measured in the storage means built in the control panel (C). When each point is memorized and measurement of all measurement points is completed, the workpiece (W) is connected to the first centering jig (7) Is measured by selecting the measurement point of the workpiece (W), the control unit built in the control panel (C) and the measurement data of the reference member (50) and the workpiece ( W) is compared with the measurement data to obtain a difference between the measurement data of the reference member (50) and the measurement data of the workpiece (W) at the corresponding measurement point, and it is determined whether or not the difference is within the reference value. And if it does not enter into a standard value, a failure is displayed on the monitor (M) of a control panel (C), The roundness measuring method characterized by the above-mentioned.

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