JP5248333B2 - 直接製錬プラント - Google Patents
直接製錬プラント Download PDFInfo
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- JP5248333B2 JP5248333B2 JP2008556615A JP2008556615A JP5248333B2 JP 5248333 B2 JP5248333 B2 JP 5248333B2 JP 2008556615 A JP2008556615 A JP 2008556615A JP 2008556615 A JP2008556615 A JP 2008556615A JP 5248333 B2 JP5248333 B2 JP 5248333B2
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims description 95
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 184
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 6
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 101100493711 Caenorhabditis elegans bath-41 gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960005191 ferric oxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000879777 Lynx rufus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)iron;iron Chemical compound [Fe].O[Fe]=O.O[Fe]=O UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
- C21B13/0013—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state introduction of iron oxide into a bath of molten iron containing a carbon reductant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
- C21B11/08—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in hearth-type furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/16—Arrangements of tuyeres
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/20—Arrangements of heating devices
- F27B3/205—Burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/22—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
- F27B3/225—Oxygen blowing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/40—Gas purification of exhaust gases to be recirculated or used in other metallurgical processes
- C21B2100/44—Removing particles, e.g. by scrubbing, dedusting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/64—Controlling the physical properties of the gas, e.g. pressure or temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/66—Heat exchange
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Description
(a)溶融鉄およびスラグからなる溶融浴を直接製錬容器内に形成し、
(b)(i)通常は鉄酸化物である金属含有供給材料、および(ii)鉄酸化物の還元剤、及びエネルギー源として作用する通常は石炭である固体の炭素含有材料を溶融浴に注入し、
(c)金属層中で金属含有供給材料を鉄に製錬する。
(a)金属及びスラグの溶融浴並びにこの溶融浴の上方のガス空間を保持するための固定された直接製錬容器。直接製錬容器は、炉床および側壁を有し、側壁は、(i)下側円筒領域、(ii)下側領域よりも直径の小さい上側円筒領域、および(iii)上側領域及び下側領域を相互連結させる遷移領域を含む。
(b)容器から離れた固体供給材料の供給位置から容器内へ、金属含有供給材料および炭素含有材料を含む固体供給材料を供給するための固体供給組立体。
(c)容器から離れた酸素含有ガスの供給位置から容器内へ酸素含有ガスを供給するための酸素含有ガス供給組立体。酸素含有ガス供給組立体は、(i)容器の側壁の遷移領域の開口部を通って下向きに延在する、酸素含有ガスを容器に注入するための複数のガス注入ランスを有するガス注入組立体および、(ii)酸素含有ガスをガス注入組立体に送るための、容器から離れたガス供給位置から延在するガス給送ダクト組立体を有する。
(d)容器からの排ガスの流出を促進させるための排ガス・ダクト組立体。
(e)製錬工程中に溶融浴から溶融金属を出湯するための金属出湯組立体。
(f)製錬工程中に溶融浴からスラグを出湯するためのスラグ出湯組立体。
(a)ランスの先端が要求された位置にくるようにランスを鉛直方向に関して位置決めし、次いで、
(b)ランスの先端を固定した状態で、先端と交差しており、さらに、ランスの先端と交差する半径方向平面に対して垂直である鉛直面上で、ランスを30〜40°、より好ましくは35°枢動させ、次いで、
(c)ランスの先端を固定した状態で、ランスを、半径方向平面に向かって外向きに、25〜35°、より好ましくは30°回転させる
ことによって確定される。
(a)金属及びスラグの溶融浴41並びに溶融浴の上方のガス空間43を収容するための固定された直接製錬容器3。
(b)金属含有供給材料及び炭素含有材料を含む固体供給材料を容器内に供給するための、12個の固体注入ランス5a、5bを有する固体供給組立体。
(c)酸素含有ガスを容器に供給するための酸素含有ガス供給組立体。酸素含有ガス供給組立体は、
(c)(i)酸素含有ガスを容器内のガス空間及び/又は溶融浴に注入するための、4つのガス注入ランス7の形態のガス注入組立体、及び、
(c)(ii)環状主回路9、並びに各々が各ガス注入ランス7に連結されており、さらに、酸素含有ガス、通常は空気又は酸素富化空気をガス注入ランス7に送るために環状主回路9とガス注入ランス7とを連結させる複数の部材49とを有するガス給送ダクト組立体
を有する。
(d)容器からの排ガスの容器から離れようとする流れを促進するための2つの排ガス・ダクト11を有する排ガス・ダクト組立体。
(a)ランス7の先端53が要求された位置(図6及び図8において像55によって示される)にくるようにランス7を鉛直方向に関して位置決めし、次いで、
(b)ランスの先端53を固定した状態で、ランスの先端53と交差しており、さらに、ランスの先端35と交差する半径方向平面に対して垂直である鉛直面上で、ランスを35°枢動させ、次いで、
(c)ランスの先端53を固定した状態で、ランスを半径方向平面に向かって外向きに30°回転させる
ことによって確定できる。
Claims (11)
- 溶融浴に基づく直接製錬法を使用して金属含有供給材料から溶融金属を製造するための直接製錬プラントにおいて、
(a)金属及びスラグの溶融浴並びに前記溶融浴の上方のガス空間を保持するための固定された直接製錬容器であって、炉床と、(i)下側円筒領域、(ii)前記下側円筒領域よりも直径の小さい上側円筒領域、および(iii)前記上側円筒領域及び下側円筒領域を相互連結させる遷移領域を含む側壁とを有する直接製錬容器と、
(b)前記直接製錬容器から離れた固体供給材料の供給位置から前記直接製錬容器内へ金属含有供給材料および炭素含有材料を含む固体供給材料を供給して溶融材料からなる環状噴水を形成するための固体供給組立体と、
(c)前記直接製錬容器から離れた酸素含有ガスの供給位置から前記直接製錬容器内へ酸素含有ガスを供給するための酸素含有ガス供給組立体であって、(i)前記直接製錬容器の前記側壁の前記遷移領域の開口部を通って下向きに延在して、前記酸素含有ガスを前記直接製錬容器のガス空間に注入するための複数のガス注入ランスを有するガス注入組立体であって、各ガス注入ランスは前記直接製錬容器の前記側壁の下部に向けて、下向きかつ前記直接製錬容器の中央鉛直中心から外向きに、前記酸素含有ガスの流れを向けるように配置されたガス注入組立体と、(ii)前記酸素含有ガスを前記ガス注入組立体に送るための、前記直接製錬容器から離れたガス供給位置から延在するガス給送ダクト組立体とを有する酸素含有ガス供給組立体と、
(d)前記直接製錬容器からの排ガスの流出を促進させるための排ガス・ダクト組立体と、
(e)製錬工程中に前記溶融浴から溶融金属を出湯させるための金属出湯組立体と、
(f)製錬工程中に前記溶融浴からスラグを出湯させるためのスラグ出湯組立体と
を有する直接製錬プラント。 - 各ガス注入ランスが、前記直接製錬容器内で下向きに向き、前記直接製錬容器内の半径方向平面及び該半径方向平面に対して垂直である鉛直面に対して角度をつけるように配置され、それにより、前記ランスからのガス流の流れ方向が半径方向成分及び円周方向成分を有する、請求項1に記載された直接製錬プラント。
- 各ガス注入ランスが、前記直接製錬容器内で下向きに配置され、前記各ガス注入ランスの軸線が、前記直接製錬容器内の半径方向平面に対して40〜80°の角度で延在する鉛直面内に配置され、前記各ガス注入ランスの軸線が、水平面に対して40〜80°の角度で前記鉛直面内に延在する、請求項1に記載された直接製錬プラント。
- 各ガス注入ランスの出口端が、前記直接製錬容器内で、前記直接製錬容器の前記側壁の前記上側円筒領域の直径よりも大きい直径を有する仮想の円の円周上に配置される、請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載された直接製錬プラント。
- 前記直接製錬容器内での各ガス注入ランスの位置が、
(i)前記各ガス注入ランスを鉛直方向に関して位置決めし、次いで、
(ii)前記各ガス注入ランスの先端を固定した状態で、前記先端と交差しており、前記ランスの先端と交差する半径方向平面に対して垂直である鉛直面上で、前記各ガス注入ランスを30〜40°枢動させ、次いで、
(iii)前記各ガス注入ランスの先端を固定した状態で、前記各ガス注入ランスを、前記半径方向平面に向かって外向きに、25〜35°回転させる
ことによって確定される、請求項1に記載された直接製錬プラント。 - 前記(ii)段階で、前記各ガス注入ランスを35°枢動させる、請求項5に記載された直接製錬プラント。
- 前記(iii)段階で、前記各ガス注入ランスを、前記半径方向平面に向かって外向きに、30°回転させる、請求項5または請求項6に記載された直接製錬プラント。
- 前記遷移領域が円錐台形である、請求項1から請求項7までのいずれか1項に記載された直接製錬プラント。
- 前記ガス注入ランスのための複数のランス用開口部が、前記直接製錬容器の同じ高さにあり、前記直接製錬容器の前記側壁の周囲に等間隔で配置される、請求項1から請求項8までのいずれか1項に記載された直接製錬プラント。
- 前記金属含有材料が鉄鉱石を含む、請求項1から請求項9までのいずれか1項に記載された直接製錬プラント。
- 前記炭素含有材料が石炭を含む、請求項1から請求項10までのいずれか1項に記載された直接製錬プラント。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2006901032 | 2006-03-01 | ||
AU2006901032A AU2006901032A0 (en) | 2006-03-01 | Direct smelting plant | |
PCT/AU2007/000250 WO2007098553A1 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2007-03-01 | Direct smelting plant |
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WO2024020575A1 (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2024-01-25 | Hertha Metals, Inc. | Method and apparatus for metals, alloys, mattes, or enriched and cleaned slags production from predominantly oxide feeds |
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WO2024020575A1 (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2024-01-25 | Hertha Metals, Inc. | Method and apparatus for metals, alloys, mattes, or enriched and cleaned slags production from predominantly oxide feeds |
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