JP5242501B2 - Concrete block mat with fish nest block - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a mat with a concrete block provided with a concrete block or a pseudo stone block provided with a fish nest block used for revetment of a lake or a river.

Recently, mats with many concrete blocks laid on the revetment of lakes and rivers are often used due to the advantages such as ease of implementation and completion of construction in a short time.
A conventional mat with a concrete block is a water-permeable non-woven mat made of polypropylene fiber, polyester fiber or polystyrene fiber, or a water-permeable non-woven fabric obtained by combining these, as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 5 by the present inventor. With a concrete pseudo-stone block that spreads a mat and applies an adhesive (for example, epoxy resin adhesive) to the bottom of a concrete block such as a plurality of pseudo-stones. A mat is provided.
These concrete blocks can be made at once in the same arrangement as the construction, and the water-permeable nonwoven mat made of synthetic resin fiber allows water to enter and exit between the blocks so that plants can be nurtured and revetment Can promote greening.

JP 2004-255765 A JP 2006-112156 A JP 2007-231526 A JP 2008-265172 A Japanese Patent No. 3980616

  The mats with concrete pseudo-stone blocks of Patent Documents 1 to 4 described above are not suitable for fish, aquatic animals and the like to live on the revetment because there are almost no layers of soil or the like. In addition, when the top surface of the concrete block is almost flat, it becomes a slope, so when a person stands on the revetment, it is slippery and it is dangerous for children to descend to the water surface.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its problem is to provide a mat with a concrete block suitable for a natural environment having a fish nest in which fish, aquatic animals, etc. live. However, the present invention intends to provide a mat with a block in which stepped concrete blocks having a large horizontal surface area are arranged.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the invention of claim 1 is a mat with a concrete block having a fish nest block, and a pair of triangular stair blocks in parallel with each other in a vertical direction at a predetermined interval on the mat. A flat plate block having a low height is disposed between the stair blocks, and a lid-like block serving as a fish nest block is hung on a horizontal upper surface wall of the pair of stair blocks, and a front wall of the lid-like block And the height of the side wall is substantially equal to the difference between the height of the front wall and the back wall of the stair block, the inside of the lid-like block is made hollow, and the central part of the back wall and the bottom wall is abolished As a hollow portion, a continuous space passage that is continuous in the vertical direction from the hollow portion of the lid-like block and the flat plate block is formed, and a notch through which fish enters and exits part of the front wall and the top wall of the lid-like block Part And wherein the digit.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the mat with a concrete block including the fish nest block according to the first aspect, the upper surface wall in the vicinity of the side wall of the lid-like block is provided with a through-hole penetrating in the vertical direction, A fixing hole is provided at a position corresponding to the through hole on the top wall of the stair block, and a fixing rod is inserted into the through hole and the fixing hole to fix the lid-like block.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is a mat with a concrete block provided with a fish nest block that can be easily constructed on a concrete revetment, and has a fish nest where fish, aquatic animals, etc. live, It becomes a mat with a concrete pseudo-stone block suitable for the natural environment where many fish and aquatic animals can live on the waterside, and furthermore, a stair-like concrete block with a large horizontal surface area after construction can be made because a step-like block is arranged Because it can, it is harder to slip than before, children can go down to the water surface and observe the water.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a general view of the mat with a concrete block of the Example of this invention, Fig.1 (a) is a top view, FIG.1 (b) is a left view, FIG.1 (c) is a front view. It is explanatory drawing of the state which constructed the several mat | matte with a concrete block of FIG. 1 on the revetment. FIG. 3A is a left side view, FIG. 3B is a plan view, and FIG. 3C is a plan view from above. FIG. 4A is a plan view from above, and FIG. 4B is a side view of the flat block 4. FIG. 5A is a plan view from above, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line (b)-(b) in FIG. 5A. It is a front view of the lid-shaped block 6. FIG. FIG. 7A is a bottom view, and FIG. 7B is a rear view from the rear end, illustrating the hollow portion Z1 of the lid-like block 6. It is a front view of the state where the lid-like block 6 was spanned over the stairs blocks 2 and 3. FIG. 3 is a perspective front view of a state where a lid-like block 6 is spanned over the stairs blocks 2 and 3. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the state where the lid-like block 6 is spanned over the stairs blocks 2 and 3.

  The most characteristic aspect of the present invention is based on a mat with a concrete block in which a staircase block having a triangular cross section and a flat plate block are arranged in tandem, and a lid-like block serving as a fish nest block on the horizontal upper surface of the stair block It is a mat with a concrete block that has a fish nest block that spans.

Embodiments of a mat with a concrete block provided with a suitable fish nest block according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall view of a mat with a concrete block including a fish nest block according to the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is a plan view, (b) is a left side view, and (c) is a front view.
As shown in FIG. 1A, the mat 1 usually has a width of 1.9 m and an area of 6.665 m, and the mat material of this embodiment is a water-permeable nonwoven mat of synthetic resin fibers. As the fiber, the upper surface in contact with the concrete block is a non-woven fabric of polypropylene fiber that is resistant to alkali chemical reaction such as cement material, and a bundle of polypropylene or polyester filaments is twisted for reinforcement in the vertical or horizontal direction at intervals. A built-in rope.

The mat 1 has an overall average thickness of 3 mm or more, and the entire concrete pseudo-stone block per mat in this embodiment is 1.3 tons, so it can withstand this when the mat 1 is lifted during construction. It must have strength, the tensile strength in the machine direction is 2.94 kgf / 5 cm, and the tensile elongation is 15% or less. Water permeability having a physical property value of 1 × 10 ⁻² cm / sec was used.
In addition, the water-permeable type is the one in which the concrete blocks 2 to 5 are arranged on the surface with pseudo stones that match the natural scenery, allowing water and air to enter and exit through the mat 1 and between the mats 1 on the revetment. This is because plants can grow and promote greening. Further, a through hole may be artificially provided at a proper position of the mat 1 with a punch or the like so that water and air can enter and exit.
Moreover, as another example, a nonwoven fabric made of a blend of polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber, or a composite nonwoven fabric in which polypropylene fiber is arranged on the upper surface side at the time of enforcement and a strong polyester fiber is arranged on the lower side. May be used.

On this mat 1 stairs blocks 2 having a substantially triangular cross section are arranged in two rows in the center, and in the same manner, stair blocks 3 having a substantially triangular cross section are arranged in one row on both sides in the vertical direction. Has been.
The step blocks 2 and 3 have the same cross-sectional shape, but the width of the left and right sides of the center step block 2 is 30 cm, whereas the step blocks 3 on both sides of the block assembly X are half the width. The width is 15 cm. Further, a 15 cm square flat plate block 4 is continuously laid in the vertical direction between the stairs blocks 2 and 3 having a triangular cross section, and the mat block adjacent to the outside of the stairs block 3 is fitted. As shown, the connection block 5 is arranged. In addition, the surface of each block is an artificial stone made of concrete that imitates natural stone with an irregular pattern.
Thus, the work of arranging individual blocks on site is troublesome, but the work with mats with collective blocks as in this embodiment can be done by fixing unit mats side by side, and the work efficiency is Dramatically improved, there is little deterioration of the mat, strength is maintained for many years, and durability is dramatically improved.

As shown in FIG. 1, a pair of triangular stair blocks 2 in the center and a stair block 3 on both sides are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction at a predetermined interval on the mat 1, and between the stair blocks. Constitutes a basic unit mat 1 in which flat plate blocks 4 having a low height are arranged and connecting blocks 5 are arranged at both ends, and the ends of the mat 1 from the left to the right are overlapped as shown in FIG. And continue construction.
In FIG. 2, the construction method will be described. A plurality of various concrete blocks 2 to 5 are collectively loaded for each mat 1, loaded onto a transport vehicle with a crane, transported to the site, and then first mated with a crane or the like. 1. Grasp both gripping parts A and B without a block with a gripping tool (not shown) provided in the crane, and lay the mat 1 directly on the revetment at the construction site as shown in FIG. The holding parts A and B are fixed to the bank E side and the river F side. Further, when the next mat 1 is laid down, the joining block 5 of the joining portion D having no gripping portion is placed on the gripping portion C of the right end portion of the mat 1 that has already been constructed. Lay down close to 5.

After that, it is sufficient to leave the next mat 1 just by laying down directly, and the joint portion of the two mats 1 is mixed into the joint block 5 having a complicated outer shape so that the joint portion is not noticeable. A revetment that matches the natural environment is formed.
Of course, what is necessary is just to change suitably the magnitude | size of the mat 1, the shape and magnitude | size of a holding part according to the condition of a construction site.
In this way, unlike the case of using a conventional simple shaped block, by using the mat of the present embodiment, it naturally blends in and harmonizes with the surrounding landscape, and there is no straight line in the joining line that becomes a groove, etc. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the soil from being washed away, and even if the adjacent mats are slightly displaced, they do not stand out.

  As shown in FIG. 8, which will be described later, while covering the mat 1 in this manner, a lid-like block 6 serving as a fish nest block is formed on the horizontal upper surface of the stepped blocks 2 and 3 having a triangular cross section arranged at a predetermined interval. And the fixing rod 63 is inserted and fixed in the through holes 66 and 67, and itself forms a staircase. Then, as will be described later, a space that is continuous in the vertical direction is formed from the hollow portion Z1 of the lid-like block and the flat plate block, and fish enters and leaves part of the front wall and the top wall of the lid-like block 6. Cutout portions 64 and 65 are provided to form a fish nest block.

Each block will be described in detail below.
Except for the lid-like block 6, various concrete blocks 2 to 5 made of concrete are collectively manufactured on the mat 1 as disclosed in the above-mentioned patent document.
[Stair block 2, 3]
First, the staircase blocks 2 arranged in two rows in the central portion in the vertical direction will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3 (a), in the construction in which the slope angle α of the bottom wall 21 is approximately 20 degrees after construction and the slope angle α of the revetment is 20 degrees, the top wall 22 is constructed. Is a square of approximately 30 cm in a horizontal plane, and the front wall 23 is approximately vertical and has a width of 30 cm and a height of approximately 15 cm. The left and right side wall surfaces 24 have a right triangle shape, and the top wall 22, the front wall 23, the side wall 24, and the back wall 25 have a pseudo stone pattern imitating natural stone. A fixing hole 221 for inserting a fixing rod 68 corresponding to the through holes 66 and 67 of the lid-like block 6 on the upper surface wall 22 is provided. Further, the staircase can be formed only by the staircase blocks 2 and 3.
In this embodiment, the bottom wall 21 has an inclined surface with an inclination angle α of approximately 20 degrees, but of course, the inclination angle may be changed as appropriate according to the construction site. 3 may be designed so that the top wall 22 of the three is substantially horizontal.
Further, the staircase blocks 3 arranged on both sides of the block aggregate X on the mat 1 are the same except that the half of the width of the staircase block 2 is Y. The reason why the stair blocks 3 are arranged on both sides of the block aggregate X is to make the height h of the entire surface of the mat 1 the same when the mats 1 are stacked and transported.

[Flat plate block 4]
As shown in FIG. 4B, a flat plate block 4 having a low side wall 41 is laid between the step blocks 2 and 3 described above. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4A, the top wall 42 is a 15 cm square and flat. However, since it is only necessary to spread between the stairs blocks 2 and 3, it is not necessarily a square and the number is not limited. If the height of the flat plate 4 is lowered, the space continuous in the up-down direction constituted by the cavity portion Z1 of the lid-like block 6 and the flat plate block 4 to be described later can be enlarged.

[Joint block 5]
A connection block 5 is arranged outside the staircase block 3 so as to be fitted with an adjacent mat block, and the outer shape of the connection block 5 is intimately joined as shown in FIG. The mat 1 is prevented from being exposed.
Furthermore, the joint part of this joint block 5 has a complicated external shape, and the seam that matches the natural environment as a whole is formed so that the joint part is not conspicuous.
As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the upper and lower ends of the block assembly X are also joined blocks when the mat 1 is laid in the vertical direction. Similar to 5, the joint portion has a complicated outer shape, and the revetment that matches the natural environment as a whole is formed such that the joint portion is not conspicuous.

[Production method of blocks 2 to 5]
The blocks 2 to 5 described above are collectively molded with a mold, but the outer frame of the rectangular mold is made of FRP resin, and the pseudo stone mold forming the inner pseudo stone is made of polyurethane resin, as shown in FIG. First, cement is placed on the formwork, and concrete blocks are created all at once.
The surface of the bottom of the block 2 is exposed upward in this mold, and when the concrete is solidified, resin mortar as an adhesive material is applied to the bottom of all the blocks 2 to 5 with a mortar gun.

As the adhesive material used in this example, a resin mortar having the composition shown in Table 1 below was effective from the viewpoint of strength, environmental measures, and mat deterioration prevention.

[Table 1] Composition of resin mortar Sand (35-50) 40% by weight
2. Cement (35-50) 40% by weight
3. Vinyl acetate (15-40) 20% by weight

Subtotal 100% by weight

4). Water appropriate amount (same weight as sand + cement)

In order to block ultraviolet rays, the resin mortar layer must be thickened to some extent (0.3 to 1.5 mm), but sand is an extender for that purpose. If the amount is too large, the amount of cement and vinyl acetate will be relatively small, resulting in insufficient strength. If the amount is too small, the amount of cement and vinyl acetate will be increased and the cost will be high. is there. In addition, if the amount of cement is too much, the amount of vinyl acetate is relatively reduced, and the function of neutralizing and blocking the alkaline component exuding from the concrete is reduced. If the amount is too small, the strength is insufficient, so about 35 to 50% by weight. Good, preferably 40% by weight.
Furthermore, it is important to use vinyl acetate, but particularly, since the vinyl acetate resin layer is formed together with sand and cement, the ultraviolet ray R is effectively blocked, but if there is too much vinyl acetate, In addition to high costs, it is necessary to generate cracks for water in and out during transportation and enforcement work, but it is difficult to generate cracks, and it is also difficult to create water holes when punching. Become. On the other hand, if the amount of vinyl acetate is too small, the function of blocking the ultraviolet ray R is lowered, and the function of neutralizing and blocking the alkali component is also lowered. Therefore, the amount is preferably about 15 to 40% by weight, preferably 20% by weight. It is. Although vinyl acetate may be about 60% by weight, it is expensive and wasteful, and the above-mentioned composition ratio is appropriate.
Further, water is mixed to such an extent that it has an appropriate viscosity, but generally (this example), it is preferable to add a weight equivalent to the combined weight of the added sand and cement.
In addition, in the composition of the resin mortar, when it takes time to harden the cement of the concrete block, such as in winter, 2 to 6% by weight of calcium chloride as a cement hardening accelerator may be mixed as necessary. Well, in this case, the adhesion is completed early, and the product demolding time can be advanced.

  The adhesive material with resin mortar is applied to the mold and the bottom of the blocks 2 to 5 together with a mortar gun. When concrete is poured, the bottom of the blocks 2 to 5 is the upper surface of the mold. The resin mortar is applied to the bottom surface of the exposed block and fixed to the mat 1 on the blocks 2 to 5, and the non-woven mat 1 is spread while pressing against the upper surface of the mold. As a result, the locks 2 to 5 and the mat 1 are bonded and fixed by an adhesive material of resin mortar, and when the curing is completed, the blocks 2 to 5 and the mat 1 are firmly integrated with a concrete pseudo stone block. The mat 1 is removed from the mold.

[Lid block 6]
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the lid-like block 6 hangs over the horizontal upper surface of the staircase blocks 2 and 3, and is manufactured in a separate mold from the blocks 2 to 5. As shown in FIG. 7, it is a planar rectangle and has a substantially constant height.
As shown in FIG. 5A, the upper surface wall 61 of the lid-like block 6 is an irregular pseudo-stone that is a rectangular and imitated natural stone, but forms a stepping stone for a staircase in a substantially flat surface. The height h2 of the front wall 62 of the lid-like block 6 and the side walls 63 on both sides is the difference between the height (h1) of the front wall 23 (h) and the back wall 25 of the stair blocks 2 and 3 (h−h1 = h2). ). In addition, a hollow portion Z1 is formed in which the bottom of the inside of the lid-like block 6 is eliminated and a ceiling portion 69 is provided to form a cavity.
Then, a continuous space passage Z3 (see FIG. 10) is formed in the lid-like block 6 so as to continue in the vertical direction between the cavity Z1 and the space Z2 on the flat plate block 4, and the upper surface wall 61 of the lid-like block 6 is also formed. A notch 64 through which fish enters and exits is provided at the center of the rear end, and a notch 65 through which fish enters and exits is also provided at the center of the lower end of the front wall 62 of the lid-like block 6, as shown in FIG. When the lid-like blocks 6 are stacked on the top and bottom, the cutout portion 64 and the cutout portion 65 form a continuous hole, and a hole through which fish enters and exits is formed.
Further, the upper surface wall 61 near the side wall 63 on both sides of the lid block 6 is provided with through holes 66 and 67 penetrating in the vertical direction, and the upper surface wall 22 of the stair blocks 2 and 3 is provided with the through holes 66 and 67. Fixing holes 221 (see FIG. 3) are provided at corresponding positions, and fixing rods 68 are inserted into the through holes 66 and 67 and the fixing holes 221 to fix the lid-like block 6. In order to further strengthen the fixing between the stair blocks 2 and 3 and the lid-like block 6, an adhesive or concrete is inserted into the holes and hardened.

[Fish nest function / stair function]
As described above, the mat 1 is constructed on the target revetment, and the construction in which the lid-like block 6 serving as the fish nest block is stretched over the horizontal upper surface wall of the pair of stair blocks 2 and 3 is completed, The function / action of the mat with a concrete block provided with the fish nest block in the state shown in FIG. 2 will be described.
The fish nest function and the staircase function will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 10, which are enlarged views of a portion centering on the lid-like block 6 in the state of FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 8, a fish nest is formed on one horizontal staircase block 2 on the horizontal upper wall of one of the two staircase blocks 2 in the center and a pair of staircase blocks 2 and 3 on the side of the block assembly X. A lid-like block 6 serving as a block is spanned to form a space Z <b> 2 above the flat plate block 4. In this case, since the lid-like block 6 also has no bottom surface and no back surface, as shown in FIG. 10, the back and top of the staircase blocks 2 and 3 are such that the cavity Z1 of the lid-like block 6 and the space Z2 are large in the vertical direction. A continuous space passage Z3 is formed.
On the other hand, when the lid-like blocks 6 are stacked up and down, a hole in which the notch 64 and the notch 65 are continuous is formed, and the continuous space passage Z3 communicates with the outside in some places.
Accordingly, lake water and river water can freely enter and leave the cavity Z1 and space Z2 of the continuous space passage Z3 through the notch 64 and the notch 65, and of course, fish and aquatic Animals can also go in and out.

Further, since the staircase blocks 2 and 3 are continuously arranged in the vertical direction, the upper surface walls 22 and 42 are substantially horizontal although they have a pseudo stone pattern unevenness to form a staircase. Furthermore, since the lid-like block 6 is also laminated on the staircase blocks 2 and 3 one by one, a staircase is formed. Since the notched portion 64 of the lid-like block 6 is provided at the rear end of the upper surface wall 61 and the notched portion 65 is provided at the lower end of the front wall 62, it is unlikely that a person will be caught on the toes, and the staircase function may be hindered. It will not be.
By having this staircase function, it is less slippery than the conventional mat-type collective concrete block, the child can go down to the water surface and observe the water, and it becomes easy to get used to it naturally.
Further, since the notch 64 and the notch 65 are arranged for each floor in the lid-like block 6, even if the water level of the lake water or the river fluctuates, the continuous space passage Z3 is changed according to the fluctuating water level. The water level inside also fluctuates. For this reason, since the cavity part Z1 and the space part Z2 of this continuous space channel | path Z3 become the perfect fish nest for a fish, and become a habitat for aquatic animals, it becomes possible to form an environment rich in nature.

In the present embodiment, the revetment in lakes and rivers has been described, but since a waterway is formed, it can also be applied as a fishway such as a weir to be submerged.
Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as long as the features of the present invention are not impaired.

A, B, C ... Gripping part, D ... Joint part, E ...
F ... River, X ... Block aggregate,
Y ... the width of the stairs block 3 relative to the stairs block 2,
Z1, ... hollow part, Z2, ... space part, Z3 ... continuous space passage,
1 ... mat,
2 ... Stair block,
21 .. Bottom wall, 22 .. Top wall, 221 .. Fixing hole, 23 .. Front wall,
24 ... Side wall, 25 ... Back wall,
3 ... Stair block,
4 .. Flat plate block 41 .. Side wall 42.
5 .. Connection block 6 .. Lid block 61.. Top wall 62.. Front wall
63 ・ ・ Side wall, 64,65 ・ ・ Notch,
66,67 ... through holes, 68 ... fixing rods, 69 ... ceiling walls,
h2 ・ ・ Height of lid block

Claims (2)

A pair of triangular stair blocks are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction at a predetermined interval on the mat, and a flat plate block with a low height is arranged between the stair blocks,
Hang a lid-like block that becomes a fish nest block on the horizontal upper wall of the pair of stair blocks,
The height of the front and side walls of the lid-like block is substantially equal to the difference in height between the front and back walls of the stair block;
A continuous space in which the interior of the lid-like block is made hollow and the center part of the back wall and the bottom wall is eliminated and used as a ceiling wall, and continues vertically from the cavity of the lid-like block and the flat plate block Form a passage,
A mat with a concrete block provided with a fish nest block, wherein a cutout portion for fish to enter and exit is provided in part of the front wall and the top wall of the lid block.   A through hole penetrating in the vertical direction is provided on the upper surface wall in the vicinity of the side wall of the lid-like block, and a fixing hole is provided at a position corresponding to the through hole on the upper surface wall of the stair block. The mat with a concrete block having a fish nest block according to claim 1, wherein a fixing rod is inserted into the hole to fix the lid-like block.

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