JP5222031B2 - Harvester - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a harvester that can perform harvesting work efficiently.

Conventionally, for example, in an agricultural product harvesting machine provided with a digging conveyor device that digs and conveys agricultural crops in the field from the front of the lower body to the rear of the body through the upper center of the aircraft, the self-propelled aircraft is positioned on the front side of the digging conveyor device. A configuration is known in which a pair of drive rotors that bite and pull up the stem portion are disposed obliquely with respect to the traveling direction of the airframe (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP-A-8-37863 (FIG. 1 etc.)

  However, in the above-described conventional configuration, the stem portion separated from the crop by the pair of drive rotors is transported by the digging conveyor device together with the separated crops. It is necessary to remove the stem part by work, and work efficiency may be deteriorated.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a point, and it aims at providing the harvester which can harvest efficiently.

The harvester according to claim 1 is separated by a first transport means for transporting the crops connected by the stem parts, a stem part separating means for separating the stem parts from the crops and separating the crops, and the stem part separating means. A second transporting means for transporting the agricultural product, and a crop disposed between the transport terminating end of the first transporting means and the transporting start end of the second transporting means and separated by the stem separating means. A staying means for staying and a guard that is a cover for covering the transport start end portion of the second transport means, and the staying means projecting in an inclined manner from the front end portion of the guard toward the obliquely upper front side. It is.

The harvesting machine according to claim 2 is the harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the staying means has a slanted shape before and after the plurality of crops separated by the stem part separating means for supporting and staying from below. It is a staying plate.

A harvester according to a third aspect is the harvester according to the second aspect, wherein a cushion plate is attached to the upper surface of the staying plate.

The harvesting machine according to claim 4 is the harvesting machine according to claim 3, wherein the front end side of the cushion plate projects forward from the staying plate.

According to the onset bright, stems are separated from the crop at stem separating means and thus separated stem is prevented from being conveyed by the second conveying means can efficiently harvesting.

  An embodiment of a harvesting machine of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a harvester. The harvester 1 is a self-propelled harvester that harvests crops A such as root vegetables grown in a field, ie, sweet potatoes. It should be noted that the crop A, which is a harvesting object, is in a state where a plurality (for example, 4 to 6) of stems (vines, etc.) B that are main stems are connected to each other in the soil of the straw of the field.

  The harvesting machine 1 includes a machine body 2 that is longitudinal in the front-rear direction. A crawler 3 is provided at the lower rear side of the machine body 2, and the crawler 3 is driven based on power output from the engine 4.

  On the front side of the machine body 2, the first transport means 6 such as a digging conveyor for harvesting the crop A connected by the stem B from the soil of the straw in the field and transporting it diagonally upward, and the stem B are provided. Separating means for separating and removing the crop A by separating and removing it from the crop A and dropping the stem B onto the field, that is, for example, separating substantially all of the plurality of crops A harvested from the field one by one. 7 and second conveying means 8 such as a lifting conveyor for lifting and conveying the crop A separated by the stem part separating means 7 obliquely rearward and upward.

  Further, a digging blade 11 such as a tip is provided at the front end of the machine body 2. Further, a mounting arm 12 projects forward from the body 2, and a gauge ring 13 is attached to the front end of the mounting arm 12. Further, above the first conveying means 6, there is disposed a scraping means 14 such as a scraping conveyor that feeds the crop A connected by the stem B with an elastic plate 15 such as a rubber plate and feeds it backward. .

  Further, on the rear side of the machine body 2, a sorting conveyor or the like for sorting work that accepts the crop A transported from the transport end portion of the second transport means 8 and transports the received crop A horizontally rearward. 3 transport means 16 and a mounting table 18 on which a receiving body 17 such as a flexible bag-like flexible container that opens upward is mounted. In the container 17 on the mounting table 18, the crop A carried out from the transfer terminal portion of the third transfer means 16 is dropped and stored. Further, the machine body 2 is provided with a work step 19, and an operator who performs sorting work on the crop A or the like being transported by the third transport means 16 is on the work step 19. In addition, the 3rd conveyance means 16 is comprised by the two conveyors 16a and 16b divided | segmented forward and backward, for example.

  Here, the first transporting means 6 is rotated in a predetermined direction and harvests and transports the crop A connected by the stalk B from the soil of the straw of the field, and the soil etc. from the gap 21 on the field in the middle of the transport. It has a rod-type endless transport body 22 to be dropped. The conveyance start end portion of the conveyance body 22 is wound around a driven rotating body 23 that is rotatably provided on the machine body 2, and the conveyance terminal end portion of the conveyance body 22 is rotatably provided on the machine body 2 so that the conveyance body 22 is moved in a predetermined direction. It is wound around a drive rotating body 24 that rotates around. The drive rotator 24 rotates by receiving the power output from the engine 4 through power transmission means including a chain 25 and the like.

  The transport body 22 is a pair of left and right endless members 26 that are spaced apart from each other, and the left and right directions that are installed on both endless members 26 and rotate together with the endless members 26 to harvest and transport the crop A from the soil in the field. A plurality of longitudinal rods 27. A gap 21 is formed between the adjacent rods 27, and soil or the like falls on the field through the gap 21.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the drive rotator 24 includes a left and right shaft member 31 and a plurality of sprockets fixed to the outer peripheral side of the shaft member 31 and arranged in the axial direction of the shaft member 31 at intervals. 32, and a conveyance terminal portion of the conveyance body 22 is wound around the plurality of sprockets 32. Each sprocket 32 has a plurality of mountain-shaped convex portions 33 arranged on the outer peripheral side at intervals in the circumferential direction. A rod 27 located at the conveyance end portion of the conveyance body 22 is fitted between the adjacent convex portions 33. That is, as is apparent from FIG. 3, the convex portion 33 of the sprocket 32 is inserted into the gap 21 between the adjacent rods 27, and the tip portion 33a of the convex portion 33 protrudes radially outward of the sprocket 32 from the gap 21. Yes.

  The second transport unit 8 includes an endless transport body 41 that lifts and transports the crop A that has been turned in a predetermined direction and separated by the stem part separating unit 7. A conveyance start end portion of the conveyance body 41 is wound around a driven rotating body 42 that is rotatably provided at the lower portion of the machine body 2, and a conveyance terminal portion of the conveyance body 41 is provided at the upper portion of the machine body 2 to be rotatable. It is wound around a drive rotator 43 that rotates 41 in a predetermined direction. The drive rotator 43 is driven to rotate based on the power output from the engine 4.

  The transport body 41 is selected from a pair of left and right endless members 44 that are spaced apart from each other, a plurality of bar-like members 45 that are longitudinally stretched on both endless members 44, and the plurality of bar-like members 45. And a claw member 46 which is fixed to a predetermined rod-like member 45 and lifts and conveys the crop A.

  The stem part separating means 7 is rotatably disposed below the conveyance end portion of the conveyance body 22 of the first conveyance means 6, and the stem portion B is moved together with the conveyance end portion of the conveyance body 22 of the first conveyance means 6 during driving rotation. A cropping roller 51 which is sandwiched and separated from the crop A so as to be pulled out from the crop A, and a stem B which is rotatably arranged above the conveyance end of the conveyance 22 of the first conveyance means 6 and is connected to the stem B. A presser body 52 such as a presser bar that guides the drive roller body 51 toward the drive roller body 51 side while holding A.

  Further, the stem part separating means 7 includes a pivoting arm 53 that can pivot on both ends in the axial direction of the driving roller body 51 so as to be rotatable, and a direction in which the driving roller body 51 moves up the pivoting arm 53. The rotating arm 53 is rotated in one direction by contacting the rotating arm 53 with a coil spring 54 that is an elastically deformable urging body that urges in one direction (a direction in FIG. 2). The adjustment bolt 55 is a setting body that regulates and sets the distance between the outer periphery of the driving roller body 51 and the conveyance end portion of the conveyance body 22 of the first conveyance means 6, and is set by the adjustment bolt 55. The distance can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting bolt 55.

  The drive roller body 51 is disposed below the drive rotator 24 so as to face the drive rotator 24. The drive roller body 51 receives the power output from the engine 4 through power transmission means including a chain 25 and the like. Drives and rotates in a direction opposite to the 24 rotation direction.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the drive roller body 51 is made of a shaft member 57 in the left-right direction, a substantially cylindrical rubber or resin made of elastically deformable fixed to the outer peripheral side of the shaft member 57, etc. And a roller member 58. A substantially circular annular groove portion 59 through which each sprocket 32 passes is formed in a portion of the outer peripheral portion of the roller member 58 that faces each sprocket 32 of the drive rotor 24. As shown in FIG. 3, when the distance between the drive roller body 51 and the conveyance end portion of the conveyance body 22 of the first conveyance means 6 is set to the minimum value, the sprocket 32 of the drive rotating body 24 The tip 33a of the convex portion 33 enters the groove 59 of the drive roller body 51 and passes through the groove 59, so that the sprocket 32 and the drive roller body 51 are not in contact with each other.

  The rotating arm 53 is formed in a longitudinal shape in the front-rear direction, and is attached to a support shaft 61 in the left-right direction in which a substantially central portion in the front-rear direction is fixed to the body 2. The driving roller body 51 is rotatably supported at the rear end portion of the rotating arm 53. Further, an upper end portion of a connecting rod 64 slidably inserted into a hole 63 of a protruding plate 62 fixed to the body 2 is rotatably connected to the front end portion of the rotating arm 53. A spring contact plate 65 is fixed to the lower end portion of the connecting rod 64, and the coil spring 54 is disposed in a compressed state between the spring contact plate 65 and the protruding plate 62, and one end portion of the coil spring 54 is The other end of the coil spring 54 is in contact with the spring contact plate 65 in contact with the protruding plate 62. The rotating arm 53 is always urged in one direction (direction a in FIG. 2) by the coil spring 54 via the connecting rod 64 and the spring contact plate 65, and the coil spring 54 is clamped when the stem B is sandwiched. It slightly rotates in the other direction opposite to one direction against the urging force.

  The adjustment bolt 55 has a shaft portion 66 and a head portion 67, and the shaft portion 66 is screwed into a nut 68 fixed to the machine body 2, and the head portion 67 is in contact with the front lower portion of the rotating arm 53.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the presser body 52 is arranged so as to be able to rotate up and down so that the rear end portion moves up and down around the front end portion above the conveyance end portion of the conveyance body 22 of the first conveyance means 6. It is installed. The presser body 52 is always in a direction in which the rear end portion thereof is moved downward by a coil spring 71 which is an urging member for pressing the crop A connected to the presser body 52 by the stem B with a predetermined pressing force. The rear end portion rotates in the direction in which the rear end portion moves up against the urging force of the coil spring 71 by contact with the crop A that is urged and conveyed by the conveying body 22 of the first conveying means 6. That is, the crop A is guided to the driving roller body 51 side while being pressed against the conveyance terminal portion of the conveyance body 22 by the presser body 52.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the presser body 52 is composed of, for example, a plurality of (for example, four) rod-like members 72 that are longitudinal in the front-rear direction. A mounting portion 77 at the front end of each rod-like member 72 is rotatably attached to a support shaft 73 in the left-right direction fixed to the body 2. A spacer 74 such as a substantially cylindrical collar is attached to a portion of the support shaft 73 between the attachment portions 77 of the adjacent rod-like members 72. The number of rod-like members 72 can be changed by changing the size of the spacer 74 or the like. Each rod-like member 72 has a linear portion 75 and a substantially arc-shaped arc-shaped portion 76 connected to the rear end of the linear portion 75. That is, each rod-like member 72 has an arc-shaped portion 76 at the rear end portion, and the arc-shaped portion 76 is formed in a substantially arc shape with the rotational center of the sprocket 32 as the center. The arc-shaped portion 76 of the rod-shaped member 72 is in close proximity to the conveyance terminal portion of the conveyance body 22 when not in contact with the crop A, and the rear end of the rod-shaped member 72 is substantially the same height as the upper end of the drive roller body 51. Located (see FIG. 2).

  Further, a lower end portion of a connecting rod 80 slidably inserted into a hole 79 of a support plate 78 fixed to the machine body 2 is rotatably connected to the front end portion of the rod-like member 72. A plurality of holes 80a are formed in the connecting rod 80, and the pin 70 is inserted into one hole 80a selected from the plurality of holes 80a. The coil spring 71 is disposed between the support plate 78 and the pin 70 in a compressed state. One end of the coil spring 71 contacts the support plate 78 and the other end of the coil spring 71 is connected to the pin 70. It is in contact. The biasing force of the coil spring 71 can be adjusted by changing the hole 80a through which the pin 70 is inserted.

  On the other hand, a plurality of crops separated by the stem separation means 7 between the conveyance end portion of the conveyance body 22 of the first conveyance means 6 and the conveyance start end portion of the conveyance body 41 of the second conveyance means 8. A staying plate 81 which is a staying means for supporting A from below and staying temporarily is provided. That is, there is a space 82 between the rear end of the drive roller body 51 and the front end of the claw member 46 located at the conveyance start end of the conveyance body 41 of the second conveyance means 8. A certain staying plate 81 is arranged in a slanting shape with a front height and a low height.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, the staying plate 81 is diagonally forward and upward from the front end portion of the guard 83 that is a substantially arc-shaped cover portion covering the transfer start end portion of the transfer body 41 of the second transfer means 8. It protrudes in an inclined shape toward The guard 83 is formed with a gap 83a for allowing foreign matters such as soil to fall into the field.

  Further, on the upper surface of the stay plate 81, for example, a rubber or resin cushion plate 84 is attached by screwing a bolt (not shown) to the nut 85, and the cushion plate 84 is attached to the upper surface of the stay plate 81. Almost the whole is covered. The front end side of the cushion plate 84 protrudes forward from the staying plate 81, and the front end of the cushion plate 84 is positioned close to the drive roller body 51.

  Next, the operation of the harvester 1 will be described.

  When the harvester 1 travels forward on the field by driving the crawler 3, the crop A connected by the stem B is dug up by the digging blade 11, and then the transport body 22 and the scraper of the first transport means 6. The harvesting means 14 is harvested from the field and transported. In the middle of this conveyance, foreign matters such as soil and pebbles fall from the gap 21 between the rods 27 onto the field.

  Then, the crop A connected by the stem B comes into contact with the presser body 52 of the stem separation means 7 in the vicinity of the end of the transport of the first transport means 6, and while being pressed by the presser body 52, the side of the drive roller body 51 Guided towards

  Then, the stem B is separated from the crop A by being pinched and pulled by the rod 27 at the conveyance end of the conveyance body 22 that is driven to rotate and the roller member 58 of the drive roller body 51 that is driven and rotated. . The stem B extracted from the crop A in this manner falls on the field. At this time, in addition to the stem part B, the root part of the crop A and the miscellaneous matters such as grass that have been transported together with the crop A are sandwiched between the transport terminal part of the transport body 22 and the drive roller body 51 and separated. Fall on the field.

  Then, when the stem B is separated from the crop A, the crops A are separated one by one and temporarily stay on the cushion plate 84 on the stay plate 81.

  Subsequently, the separated crop A is transported and lifted by the transport body 41 of the second transport means 8, then transferred to the third transport means 16 and horizontally transported by the third transport means 16. On the third transport means 16, it is sorted by the worker who has got on the work step 19. For example, damaged unnecessary crop A, dirt, stones and other miscellaneous matters are returned to the field, and other crop A is transported from the transport end of the third transport means 16 and falls into the container 17. Is contained.

  And according to such a harvesting machine 1, the stem part B is separated from the crop A by the stem part separating means 7 having the drive roller body 51 and the presser body 52, falls to the field, and the stem that has been separated and removed. Since the part B is not transported by the second transport means 8, it is not necessary for the operator to manually select the crop A and the stem part B and remove the stem part B. it can.

  In addition, since the distance between the driving roller body 51 and the conveyance end portion of the conveyance body 22 of the first conveyance means 6 can be adjusted by operating the adjustment bolt 55, for example, the stem B having a different thickness or the like Can respond appropriately.

  Further, an annular groove 59 that allows the sprocket 32 to pass through is formed in a portion of the outer peripheral portion of the drive roller body 51 that faces the sprocket 32 of the drive rotator 24, so that the drive roller body 51 and the sprocket 32 Interference can be prevented.

  Further, the presser body 52 is disposed so as to be vertically rotatable so that the rear end part thereof moves up and down around the front end part, and the stem part separating means 7 moves the presser body 52 downward at the rear end part thereof. Since the coil spring 71 is energized in such a direction, the crop A connected by the stem B can be appropriately guided toward the drive roller body 51 regardless of the size of the crop A or the like.

  Further, since the staying plate 81 is provided between the transport start end of the first transport means 6 and the transport start end of the second transport means 8 to retain the crop A, the driving roller body 51 and the first transport means 6 are provided. It is possible to appropriately separate the crop B from the crop A by sandwiching the stalk B with the transport end of the transport body 22.

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the front end side of the cushion plate 84 protrudes forward from the stay plate 81 toward the drive roller body 51 has been described. However, as shown in FIG. A configuration located on the plate 81 may be used.

  Alternatively, the drive roller body 51 may be provided so as to be movable up and down, and the drive roller body 51 may be urged so that the drive roller body 51 rises with an urging body such as a coil spring.

  Furthermore, the harvesting machine 1 is not limited to the self-propelled configuration having the crawler 3, but may be a towed configuration that is connected to the rear portion of a tractor that is a traveling vehicle, for example.

  Further, the crop A is not limited to sweet potatoes, but may be potatoes or the like.

  Furthermore, the roller member 58 of the drive roller body 51 is not limited to the configuration in which the groove portion 59 is formed, and may have a configuration in which the groove portion 59 is not provided and the outer peripheral surface is cylindrical.

It is a side view of the harvester which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part side view of a harvesting machine same as the above. It is explanatory drawing of the state which the sprocket of the harvester same as the above entered in the groove part of the drive roller body. It is sectional drawing of the drive rotary body of a harvesting machine same as the above. It is sectional drawing of the drive roller body of a harvesting machine same as the above. It is a top view of the presser body of a harvesting machine same as the above. It is a top view of the guard of a harvesting machine same as the above. It is a partial side view of the harvester which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

1 harvesters 6 first conveying unit 7 stalk separating means 8 second conveying hand stage
81 Retention plate as retention means
83 guard
84 Cushion board A crop B stem

Claims (4)

A first transport means for transporting crops connected by stems;
A stem separation means for separating the stem from the crop and separating the crop;
Second conveying means for conveying the crops separated by the stem part separating means;
A staying means that is disposed between a transport end portion of the first transport means and a transport start end portion of the second transport means, and retains the crops separated by the stem part separating means ;
A guard that is a cover that covers the transport start end of the second transport means;
The harvesting machine , wherein the staying means protrudes from the front end portion of the guard in an obliquely upward direction . The staying means is a slanted staying plate having a height before and after and a plurality of agricultural products separated by the stem part separating means are supported and retained from below.
The harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein: A cushion plate is attached to the upper surface of the retention plate.
The harvesting machine according to claim 2, wherein The front end of the cushion plate protrudes forward from the retention plate
The harvesting machine according to claim 3, wherein

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