JP6069908B2 - Crop harvesting machine - Google Patents

Crop harvesting machine Download PDF

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JP6069908B2
JP6069908B2 JP2012147627A JP2012147627A JP6069908B2 JP 6069908 B2 JP6069908 B2 JP 6069908B2 JP 2012147627 A JP2012147627 A JP 2012147627A JP 2012147627 A JP2012147627 A JP 2012147627A JP 6069908 B2 JP6069908 B2 JP 6069908B2
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crop
foliage
cutting
onion
conveying
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JP2014008026A (en
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村並　昌実
村並　　昌実
高木　真吾
高木　　真吾
英明 黒瀬
英明 黒瀬
弓達　武志
武志 弓達
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Iseki and Co Ltd
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Iseki and Co Ltd
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本発明は、作物を圃場から引き抜いて収穫し、茎葉部と根部を除去して回収する農作物収穫機に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a crop harvester that extracts and harvests a crop from a field and removes and recovers a stem and leaf portion and a root portion.

複数条の作物の茎葉を引き起こして引き抜き収穫し、茎葉部を切断して圃場に排出する農作物収穫機が、特許文献１に開示されている。
特許文献１の農作物収穫機で圃場から収穫した作物を出荷用に調整する、搬送経路に茎葉部と根部の切断装置を備えた作物調製装置が、特許文献２に開示されている。
また、特許文献１とは異なり、作業者が搭乗して操作し、作物の収穫作業を行う乗用型の農作物収穫機に、特許文献２と同じく茎葉部と根部の除去作業が可能な調製装置を備える技術が、特許文献３に開示されている。
特開２００２−１２５４２７号公報 特開２００８− ６１５９９号公報 特開２００９−２６１３４８号公報 A crop harvesting machine is disclosed in Patent Document 1 in which the shoots and leaves of a plurality of crops are pulled and harvested, and the shoots and leaves are cut and discharged to the field.
Patent Document 2 discloses a crop preparation apparatus that adjusts a crop harvested from a field with a crop harvesting machine of Patent Document 1 for shipment, and includes a cutting device for a foliage part and a root part on a conveyance path.
In addition, unlike Patent Document 1, a riding-type crop harvesting machine that is operated by an operator on board and performs crop harvesting is provided with a preparation device that can remove stems and leaves and roots as in Patent Document 2. The technology provided is disclosed in Patent Document 3.
JP 2002-125427 A JP 2008-61599 A JP 2009-261348 A

しかしながら、特許文献１にて開示される農作物収穫機と、特許文献２にて開示される作物調製装置は、それぞれ独立した物品であり、玉葱の収穫作業を行い、玉葱を持ち帰ってから調製作業を行う必要があり、作業能率が悪く、また作業者の労力も余分に必要となる問題がある。
特許文献３にて開示される農作物収穫機は、上記の問題を解消し得るものではあるが、作物の引抜収穫に連動して調製装置が作動する構成であるので、作物は引抜収穫後すぐに調製装置に移動するので、商品に適さない作物が混ざっていても除去しにくく、収穫作業後に選別作業が必要となり、作業者の労力が増大する問題がある。
本発明は、この問題を解消しようとするものである。 However, the crop harvesting machine disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the crop preparation device disclosed in Patent Document 2 are independent articles, each of which performs onion harvesting work and brings the onion back home. There is a problem that it is necessary to perform it, the work efficiency is low, and the labor of the worker is extra.
Although the crop harvesting machine disclosed in Patent Document 3 can solve the above-mentioned problem, since the preparation device operates in conjunction with the crop harvesting of the crop, the crop is immediately after the harvesting. Since it moves to the preparation device, it is difficult to remove even if crops that are not suitable for the product are mixed, and a sorting operation is required after the harvesting operation, which increases the labor of the operator.
The present invention seeks to solve this problem.

請求項１記載の発明は、圃場から作物を引き抜いて搬送する引抜搬送装置（２４）を設け、該引抜搬送装置で搬送された作物を貯留する貯留部材（７８）を設け、この作物を搬送しながら根部を除去する調製搬送装置（１０４）を設け、該調製搬送装置（１０４）から排出される作物を収容する収容部（１１３）を設け、
前記引抜搬送装置（２４）に作物の茎葉部の切断位置を揃える位置揃え装置（５４，２１３）を設け、該位置揃え装置（５４，２１３）で揃えた作物の茎葉部を切断する茎葉切断装置（６１）を設け、該茎葉切断装置（６１）の下方に落下する作物を受けて左右一側から左右他側に搬送する作物搬送装置（７５）を設け、該作物搬送装置（７５）の搬送終端側に前記貯留部材（７８）を設け、該貯留部材（７８）の左右他側に前記調製搬送装置（１０４）の搬送始端側を設けたことを特徴とする農作物収穫機とした。
請求項２記載の発明は、前記位置揃え装置（５４，２１３）を上下及び前後方向に位置調節自在に構成したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の農作物収穫機とした。
請求項３記載の発明は、前記調製搬送装置（１０４）は、作物を搬送する搬送体（８３，８３，９４，９４）と、該搬送体（８３，８３，９４，９４）の搬送方向上手側に配置される作物の根部を切断する根部切断部材（８７，８７）と、前記搬送体（８３，８３，９４，９４）の搬送方向下手側に配置される作物の茎葉部を切断する茎葉部切断部材（９８，９８）と、該茎葉部切断部材（９８，９８）の下方に配置される切断された茎葉部を機外に排出する排出部材（１０５）を備えて構成し、前記根部切断部材（８７，８７）の下方に走行装置（６Ｌ，６Ｒ）を配置したことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の農作物収穫機とした。
請求項４の発明は、前記貯留部材（７８）及び調製搬送装置（１０４）の後方に、前記貯留部材（７８）から調製搬送装置（１０４）への作物の移動作業や不要な作物の選別作業等を行う作業者が着座する補助作業座席（１０８）を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１から３の何れか１項に記載の農作物収穫機とした。
請求項５の発明は、前記調製搬送装置（１０４）の搬送終端側の下方に作物を収容する収容部材（１０６）を配置する前記収容部（１１３）と、該調製搬送装置（１０４）の搬送終端部に作物を該収容部（１１３）側に排出案内する作物排出部材（１０７）を設け、該作物排出部材（１０７）は下方傾斜姿勢で設ける固定排出部材（１０７ａ）と、該固定排出部材（１０７ａ）に上下回動自在に装着する回動排出部材（１０７ｂ）から構成し、該回動排出部材（１０７ｂ）の上方回動を検知する回動検知部材（１１０）を設け、該回動検知部材（１１０）が上方回動排出部材（１０７ｂ）の上方回動を検知すると調整搬送装置（１０４）を停止させる構成としたことを特徴とする請求項１から４の何れか１項に記載の農作物収穫機とした。 The invention described in claim 1 is provided with a pulling / conveying device (24) for pulling out and transporting a crop from a field, a storage member (78) for storing the crop transported by the pulling / conveying device is provided, and the crop is transported. While providing a preparation conveyance device (104) for removing the root part, providing an accommodation portion (113) for accommodating crops discharged from the preparation conveyance device (104) ,
The pulling and conveying device (24) is provided with a position aligning device (54, 213) for aligning the cutting position of the crop foliage, and a foliage cutting device for cutting the crop foliage aligned with the position aligning device (54, 213). (61), a crop transport device (75) for receiving a crop falling below the foliage cutting device (61) and transporting it from one side to the other side is provided, and the crop transport device (75) is transported The storage member (78) is provided on the end side, and the transport start end side of the preparation transport device (104) is provided on the left and right sides of the storage member (78) .
The invention according to claim 2 is the crop harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the position aligning device (54, 213) is configured to be adjustable in the vertical and longitudinal directions .
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the preparation / conveying device (104) includes a conveyance body (83, 83, 94, 94) for conveying a crop, and a conveyance direction of the conveyance body (83, 83, 94, 94). A root cutting member (87, 87) that cuts the root of the crop arranged on the side, and a foliage that cuts the foliage of the crop arranged on the lower side in the carrying direction of the carrier (83, 83, 94, 94) A root cutting part (98, 98) and a discharge member (105) for discharging the cut foliage part disposed below the foliage part cutting member (98, 98) to the outside of the machine, The traveling device (6L, 6R) is disposed below the cutting member (87, 87), and the crop harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2 is provided.
The invention of claim 4 is the rearward movement of the storage member (78) and the preparation conveyance device (104), and the movement work of the crop from the storage member (78) to the preparation conveyance device (104) and the selection operation of unnecessary crops. The crop harvesting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an auxiliary work seat (108) on which a worker who performs the above and the like sits .
The invention according to claim 5 is the storage unit (113) in which the storage member (106) for storing the crop is disposed below the transfer terminal side of the preparation transfer device (104), and the transfer of the preparation transfer device (104). A crop discharge member (107) for discharging and guiding crops to the storage portion (113) side is provided at the end portion, the crop discharge member (107) is provided in a downward inclined posture, and the fixed discharge member (107a). A rotation detecting member (110b) that is mounted on (107a) so as to be freely rotatable up and down is provided, and a rotation detection member (110) that detects an upward rotation of the rotation discharging member (107b) is provided. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the detection member (110) detects the upward rotation of the upward rotation discharge member (107 b), the adjustment conveyance device (104) is stopped. 6. The crop harvesting machine.

請求項１記載の発明によれば、貯留部材（７７）に貯留された作物を、作業者が任意のタイミングで調製搬送装置（１０４）に移動させる構成としたことにより、作業者は作物の別作業を調製搬送装置（１０４）に移動させる前に行うことができる。
また、調製搬送装置（１０４）に作物を移動させるタイミングを作業者が決めることができるので、調製搬送装置（１０４）で搬送される作物同士の間隔が狭くなり過ぎ、根部が切断されずに収容部（１１３）に収容されることが防止される。
また、調製搬送装置（１０４）の搬送終端部の下方に作物を収容する収容部材（１０６）を配置する収容部（１１３）を設けたことにより、作物を確実に収容部材（１０６）に落下させることができる。
請求項２記載の発明によれば、請求項１記載の発明の効果に加えて、位置揃え装置（５４，２１３）を上下方向に位置調節自在に構成したことにより、作物の茎葉部の切断位置を細かく設定することができるので、作物の違いや茎葉部の長短の違い、及び茎葉部を切り残す長さの違い等の様々な作業条件に対応することができ、作業性が向上する。
また、位置揃え装置（５４，２１３）を前後方向に位置調節自在に構成したことにより、位置揃え装置（５４，２１３）と引抜搬送装置（２４）との間に隙間が生じることを防止できるので、作物が位置揃え装置（５４，２１３）に確実に引き継がれるため、茎葉部の切断位置が乱れることが防止される。
請求項３記載の発明によれば、請求項１または２に記載の発明の効果に加えて、作物の根部を切断する根部切断部材（８７，８７）の下方に走行装置（６Ｌ，６Ｒ）を設けたことにより、切断された根部を走行装置（６Ｌ，６Ｒ）で踏み崩して圃場に埋め込むことができるので、根部が圃場に還元されて養分になりやすく、圃場の土質が向上する。
また、機体上に落下した根部を取り除く作業が不要となり、作業者の労力や取り除く作業に要する時間が軽減される。
そして、茎葉部切断部材（９８，９８）の下方に切断された茎葉部を機外に排出する排出部材（１０５）を設けたことにより、切断された茎葉部を排出部材（１０５）から機外に排出することができるので、機体上に落下した茎葉部を取り除く作業が不要となり、作業者の労力や取り除く作業に要する時間が軽減される。
さらに、機外に排出された茎葉部は圃場に還元されて養分になるので、土壌の土質が向上する。
請求項４記載の発明によれば、請求項１から３の何れか１項に記載の発明の効果に加えて、貯留部材（７７）及び調製搬送装置（１０４）の後方に作業者が座る補助作業座席（１０８）を設けたことにより、作業者は貯留部材（７７）から調製搬送装置（１０４）への作物の移動作業や、作物の選別作業を座ったまま行うことができるので、作業が長時間に及んでも疲れにくく、作業能率が向上すると共に、作業者の労力が軽減される。
請求項５記載の発明によれば、請求項１から４の何れか１項に記載の発明の効果に加えて、調製搬送装置（１０４）の搬送終端部に設ける固定排出部材（１０７ａ）に回動排出部材（１０７ｂ）を上下回動自在に設けたことにより、回動排出部材（１０７）を上方に回動させると調製搬送装置（１０４）から排出される作物を固定排出部材（１０７ａ）上に滞留させることができるので、収容部材（１０６）の交換作業が容易になる。
また、回動検知部材（１１０）が回動排出部材（１０７ｂ）の上方回動操作を検知すると調製搬送装置（１０４）の作動を停止させる構成としたことにより、収容部材（１０６）の交換作業時等に調製搬送装置（１０４）から作物が搬送されなくなるので、固定排出部材（１０７ａ）上に多くの作物が滞留することが防止される。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, the worker moves the crop stored in the storage member (77) to the preparation transport device (104) at an arbitrary timing. The work can be done before moving to the preparation transport device (104).
In addition, since the operator can determine the timing for moving the crop to the preparation conveyance device (104), the interval between the crops conveyed by the preparation conveyance device (104) becomes too narrow, and the root portion is accommodated without being cut. It is prevented from being accommodated in the part (113).
Moreover, by providing the accommodating part (113) which arrange | positions the accommodation member (106) which accommodates a crop below the conveyance termination | terminus part of a preparation conveyance apparatus (104), a crop is reliably dropped to the accommodation member (106). it is Ru can.
According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1 , the position adjusting device (54, 213) is configured to be vertically adjustable so that the cutting position of the foliage of the crop Therefore, it is possible to cope with various work conditions such as differences in crops, differences in lengths of leaves and leaves, and differences in lengths of leaves and leaves, and workability is improved.
Further, since the position aligning device (54, 213) is configured to be adjustable in the front-rear direction, it is possible to prevent a gap from being generated between the position aligning device (54, 213) and the pulling and conveying device (24). since the crop is taken over to ensure the alignment device (54,213), Ru is prevented from cutting position of the foliage is disturbed.
According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1 or 2 , the traveling device (6L, 6R) is provided below the root cutting member (87, 87) for cutting the crop root. By providing, since the cut root part can be stepped down by the traveling device (6L, 6R) and embedded in the field, the root part is easily returned to the field and becomes nutrients, and the soil quality of the field is improved.
In addition, it is not necessary to remove the root that has fallen on the machine body, and the labor of the operator and the time required for the removal are reduced.
Then, by providing a discharge member (105) for discharging the cut foliage part below the foliage cutting member (98, 98) to the outside of the machine, the cut foliage part is removed from the discharge member (105) to the outside of the machine. Therefore, it is not necessary to remove the stems and leaves that have fallen on the airframe, reducing the labor of the operator and the time required for the removal.
In addition, the foliage that is discharged to the outside of the machine since become nutrients are reduced in the field, it improves the soil of the soil.
According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 3 , assistance for an operator to sit behind the storage member (77) and the preparation conveyance device (104). By providing the work seat (108), the operator can perform the work of moving the crop from the storage member (77) to the preparation conveyance device (104) and the work of selecting the crop while sitting down. less fatigue can range for a long time, along with improving the work efficiency, labor of the worker Ru is reduced.
According to the invention described in claim 5, in addition to the effect of the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 4 , it is applied to the fixed discharge member (107a) provided at the transfer terminal portion of the preparation transfer device (104). By providing the dynamic discharge member (107b) so as to be pivotable up and down, the crop discharged from the preparation conveying device (104) is moved onto the fixed discharge member (107a) when the rotary discharge member (107) is rotated upward. Therefore, it is easy to replace the housing member (106).
In addition, when the rotation detection member (110) detects the upward rotation operation of the rotation discharge member (107b), the operation of the preparation transport device (104) is stopped. Since crops are no longer transported from the preparation transport device (104) at times, it is possible to prevent many crops from staying on the fixed discharge member (107a) .

農作物収穫機の側面図Side view of crop harvester 農作物収穫機の平面図Top view of crop harvester 農作物収穫機の背面図Rear view of crop harvester 引抜搬送装置の平面図Plan view of pulling and conveying device （ａ）振動ソイラ機構の要部平面図（ｂ）振動ソイラ機構の要部側面図(A) Plan view of the main part of the vibration sour mechanism (b) Side view of the main part of the vibration sour mechanism 茎葉切断部の肩揃え装置の平面図Plan view of the shoulder alignment device of the foliage cutting part 茎葉切断部の肩揃え装置の平面図Plan view of the shoulder alignment device of the foliage cutting part 肩揃え装置の平面図Top view of shoulder alignment device 人参の収穫作業位置に合わせた肩揃え装置と補助肩揃え装置の側面図Side view of shoulder aligner and auxiliary shoulder aligner according to carrot harvesting position 玉葱の収穫作業位置に合わせた肩揃え装置と補助肩揃え装置の側面図Side view of shoulder aligner and auxiliary shoulder aligner according to onion harvesting position 人参の収穫作業位置に合わせた肩揃え装置と補助肩揃え装置の別実施例の 側面図Side view of another embodiment of shoulder aligner and auxiliary shoulder aligner according to carrot harvesting position 玉葱の収穫作業位置に合わせた肩揃え装置と補助肩揃え装置の別実施例の 側面図Side view of another embodiment of shoulder aligner and auxiliary shoulder aligner according to onion harvesting work position 操作パネルの要部平面図Top view of the operation panel 調製搬送装置の搬送方向から見た要部正面図Front view of main parts viewed from the transport direction of the preparation transport device 調製搬送装置と収容部材載置台の要部背面図Rear view of the main parts of the preparation conveyance device and the receiving member mounting table 調製搬送装置と収容部材載置台の要部平面図Plan view of the main parts of the preparation conveyance device and the receiving member mounting table 茎葉掻込装置を装着した引抜搬送装置の要部側面図Side view of the main part of a pulling and transporting device equipped with a foliage scraping device 茎葉掻込装置を装着した引抜搬送装置の要部平面図Plan view of the main part of a pulling and conveying device equipped with a foliage scraping device 引抜搬送装置の別実施例を示す要部平面図The principal part top view which shows another Example of a drawing conveyance apparatus

本発明の実施の形態について説明する。
図１から図１６に示すとおり、実施例の一つとして示す農作物収穫機の一種である玉葱収穫機は、機体を走行させる走行部Ａと、操縦者が搭乗する操縦部Ｂと、機体左右一側で圃場から玉葱を引き抜いて機体後上側に搬送する収穫部Ｃと、該収穫部Ｃから玉葱を引き継いで機体後方に搬送しながら茎葉部を切断する茎葉切断部Ｄと、茎葉切断部Ｄから落下した玉葱を貯留する一時貯留部Ｅと、一時貯留部Ｅに貯留された玉葱を作業者が移動させると玉葱を機体左右一側から左右他側へと搬送しながら玉葱に残る茎葉部と根部とを除去する調製搬送部Ｆと、該調整搬送部Ｆから排出される玉葱の収容部材を配置する収容部Ｇから構成される。
なお、本件においては、平面図において、機体の進行方向に対して右側を機体左右一側、機体の進行方向に対して左側を機体左右他側と称する。以下、各部の詳細を具体的に記載する。
まず、走行部Ａの構成について説明する。
図１から図３で示すように、メインフレーム１の下方に機体前部側の左右駆動スプロケット２，２と機体後部側の左右従動輪３，３と、該左右駆動スプロケット２，２と左右従動輪３，３との間に取り付けた複数の転輪４，４・・・の周りに左右ベルト５，５を巻き掛けて左右のクローラ６Ｌ，６Ｒを構成する。そして、該左右クローラ６Ｌ，６Ｒの左右駆動スプロケット２，２を、エンジン７の動力が伝動されるミッションケース８から左右両側に延出させた左右ドライブシャフト９，９に取り付け、一定の左右間隔を設けて左右クローラ６Ｌ，６Ｒを該メインフレーム１に取り付ける。
次に、操縦部Ｂの構成について説明する。
図１、図２で示すように、前記メインフレーム１の右側上部に操縦部フレーム１０を取り付け、該操縦部フレーム１０には操縦座席１１を取り付けると共に、機体前側に操縦パネル１２を取り付ける。そして、該操縦パネル１２に機体の前後進及び走行速度を切り換える変速操作レバー１３を取り付けると共に、機体の左右旋回操作及び収穫部Ｃの作業高さを操作する昇降操作レバー１４を取り付ける。
また、前記操縦部フレーム１０の機体左右他側（機体右側）にエンジン７を冷却するラジエータ（図示省略）を保護すると共に冷却風を取り込むラジエータカバー１０ａを着脱自在に取り付けることにより。操縦部Ｂが構成される。
上記構成により、変速操作レバー１３や昇降操作レバー１４のような、１本で複数の操作を行える操縦部材を設けることによって、機体の操縦が容易になるため操縦者の作業を軽減することができる。
次に、収穫部Ｃの構成について説明する。
図４、図５（ａ）（ｂ）で示すとおり、左右の引抜フレーム１５，１５の搬送始端側に、左右方向に回動自在な条数調節フレーム１５１をそれぞれ設け、該左右の条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１の前端部に左右の従動プーリ１６，１６を回転自在に装着する。該左右の条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１の回動支点は、条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１の後端部よりも前方で、且つ玉葱の茎葉部が挟持される側とは反対側に設ける。そして、該条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１の回動支点よりも搬送始端側寄りに、条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１を回動させて玉葱の引抜条数を１条または２条に切り替える条数切替レバー１５２，１５２を回動操作自在に設ける。
該条数切替レバー１５２，１５２は、収穫部Ｃの左右の外側端側に突出する方向に操作すると、条数切替レバー１５２，１５２のロック状態が解除され、条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１が回動可能となり、引抜条数を変更できる状態になると共に、収穫部Ｃの左右幅内に収まる方向に操作すると、条数切替レバー１５２，１５２の下端部が引抜フレーム１５，１５に接触してロック状態となり、作業中に条数が切り替わることを防止する構成とする。
なお、左右の条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１の回動範囲は約９０度とすると、ロック状態とロック解除状態がわかりやすくなるので、操作性が向上する。
また、前記左右の引抜フレーム１５，１５の搬送終端側に油圧式無段変速装置（図示省略）の駆動力を受けて回転する左右の駆動プーリ１７，１７を設け、該左右の駆動プーリ１７，１７と左右の従動プーリ１６，１６に亘って、玉葱の茎葉部を左右から挟持して引き抜く引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８をそれぞれ巻回すると共に、該左右の引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８に接触して弛みの発生を防止する複数のテンションローラ１９を回転自在に配置する。該左右の引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８は、機体内側の面を互いに接触させて、玉葱の引抜搬送経路Ｒを形成する。さらに、前記左右の条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１の回動支点よりも後側に、該左右の条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１が２条引抜位置に操作された時に左右の引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８に接触して引抜搬送始端部の左右間隔を２条分に変更する条数切替テンションローラ１５３，１５３を回転自在に取り付ける。該左右の条数切替テンションローラ１５３，１５３よりも前側には、引抜搬送始端側の左右の引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８を内側から張圧する複数の前側テンションローラ１５４，１５４…をそれぞれ回転自在に設ける。そして、前記左右の条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１のうち、左右の条数切替テンションローラ１５３，１５３よりも後側で且つ引抜搬送経路Ｒ側に延設フレーム１５１ａ，１５１ａを取り付け、該左右の延設フレーム１５１ａ，１５１ａの前後方向に亘って、条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１を２条引抜位置に操作すると引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８に接触して押圧し、挟持力を強くする複数の後側テンションローラ１５５，１５５…をそれぞれ回転自在に設ける。
なお、左右の後側テンションローラ１５５，１５５…を、取付位置を左右交互にずらして配置すると、２条分の引き抜きを行う際、強い挟持力を引抜搬送経路Ｒの始端側に生じさせることができるので、玉葱の茎葉部を掴み損なうことが防止され、作業能率が向上する。前記左右の延設フレーム１５１ａ，１５１ａの後方には、平面視でＬ字形状の支持フレーム１５１ｂ，１５１ｂの基部側を設け、該左右の支持フレーム１５１ｂ，１５１ｂの端部側は、条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１が１条引抜位置でも２条引抜位置でも、引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８の巻回域よりも外側に向かって突出する配置とする。そして、該左右の支持フレーム１５１ｂ，１５１ｂの端部に、引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８を巻回域の外側から押圧し、引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８の左右方向への弛みを抑える外側テンションローラ１５６，１５６を回転自在に設ける。
なお、左右の外側テンションローラ１５６，１５６の取付位置を、前記後側テンションローラ１５５，１５５…の配置に合わせて前後方向にずらしておくと、引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８にかかる挟持力が左右でほぼ同じとなるため、玉葱の茎葉部をバランスよく掴むことができるので、玉葱の引抜が確実に行われ、作業能率が向上する。
さらに、前記左右の条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１の前端部で且つ下面側に、後述する縦引起し装置２５及び横引起し装置２６によって持ち上げられず、圃場面に垂れ下がっている玉葱の茎葉部を掻き分ける分草ロッド１５７，１５７を前方に向けて配置する。該左右の分草ロッド１５７，１５７は機体前側ほど左右幅の広くなる平面視八の字状に配置すると共に、取付位置を前後方向で変更して突出量を調節可能に構成すると共に、左右方向に回動させて掻き込み幅を調節可能に構成する。
なお、調節可能な突出量は、圃場に植生する玉葱同士の前後間隔の平均値に該当する５０〜１００ｍｍ程度とすると、余分な茎葉を持ち上げることが無く、茎葉部の絡み付きを確実に防止できるので、茎葉部が引っ張られて玉葱が挟持される前に引き抜かれることが防止され、圃場に残された玉葱の回収が不要となり、作業能率が向上する。
また、調節可能な回動量は、平均的な玉葱の半径に該当する２０ｍｍから４０ｍｍ程度とすると、玉葱が分草ロッド１５７，１５７に接触し、傷付くことが防止されると共に、隣接条の玉葱の茎葉部を掬い上げることが無く、隣接条の玉葱を土中から引き抜き、次の引抜作業時に引抜搬送装置２４が玉葱を挟持できなくなることが防止される。
そして、図１及び図２で示すとおり、前記機体フレーム１の上方に左右横軸２１を回動支点として上下方向に回動自在な作業部フレーム２０を取り付け、該作業部フレーム２０の後端部に前記左右の駆動プーリ１７，１７に駆動力を伝動する伝動ケース２２を、回動支点Ｘを中心として上下回動自在に取り付ける。また、前記機体フレーム１と作業部フレーム２０とを昇降シリンダ２３で連結し、該昇降シリンダ２３を操縦部Ｂで操作可能に取り付けて引抜搬送装置２４を構成する。
前記伝動ケース２２は、引抜搬送装置２４だけでなく、後述する位置揃え装置５４Ｌ，５４Ｒ、排葉搬送装置６５及び残葉搬送装置７０にも駆動力を供給するものである。
また、該引抜搬送装置２４の前方に玉葱の茎葉部を引き起こす縦引起し装置２５と、該縦引起し装置２５が引起した茎葉部を掬い上げる横引起し装置２６を設けると共に、該横引起し装置２６の前部に分草杆２７と、ハンドル２９を回すと上下伸縮する伸縮ロッド３０の下端部に、圃場面に接地して前記引抜搬送装置２４の圃場との接触を防止する回転自在なゲージ輪３１を設ける。
さらに、図２及び図５（ａ）（ｂ）で示すとおり、前記エンジン７から駆動力を得て前記縦引起し装置２５に駆動力を供給する分岐伝動ケース２８を作業部フレーム２０の前部に取り付け、該分岐伝動ケース２８の出力軸２８ａの端部にテーパ形状の偏心カム２８ｂを偏心させて軸着する。そして、該偏心カム２８ｂの回転によって上下及び左右に振動する振動ロッド３２の基部を装着し、該振動ロッド３２の端部にスフェリカルジョイント（ピロボール）３２ａを設け、該スフェリカルジョイント３２ａにスライドブッシュ３３ａを介して左右他側の振動フレーム３３の後部側を回動自在に取り付ける。該スライドブッシュ３３ａの端部にはブーツカバー３３ｂを設け、スライドブッシュ３３ａやスフェリカルジョイント３２ａに泥土や葉屑等の夾雑物の進入を防止する。
さらに、前記スライドブッシュ３３ａに伝動シャフト３３ｃを設け、該伝動シャフト３３ｃの左右一側端部に左右一側の振動フレーム３３の後部側を回動自在に設ける。また、左右の振動フレーム３３，３３を後下がり傾斜姿勢とし、これらの前端部を作業部フレーム２０に装着し、該左右の振動フレーム３３，３３の前後中間部に、玉葱の左右の土を振動によって解す左右の振動ソイラ３４，３４をボルトとナット等の固定部材を介して取り付ける。該左右の振動フレーム３３，３３と左右の振動ソイラ３４，３４には固定部材を取り付ける取付孔部を複数個所に形成し、圃場条件や作業時期、玉葱の品種に合わせて配置を調節可能に構成している。
そして、前記引抜搬送装置２４で搬送中の玉葱に接触し、表面に付着している泥土を除去する左右の泥落し体３４ａ，３４ａを、該振動ソイラ３４，３４の取付部よりも機体後側に装着すると共に、前記引抜搬送通路Ｒの下方に引抜搬送装置２４で搬送中の玉葱の下端部に伸びているヒゲ根を切断する尻部切断装置３５を設けて、収穫部Ｃを構成する。
上記構成により、一つの引抜搬送装置２４で玉葱の１条掘りと２条掘りを選択的に行うことができるので、一台の玉葱収穫機で様々な作業条件に対応することが可能となる。
この１条掘りと２条掘りの調節は、条数切替レバー１５２，１５２の操作のみで行うことができるので、掘取条数の切替操作が容易であり、作業能率が向上する。
そして、左右の条数切替テンションローラ１５３，１５３を、左右の条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１を２条掘り位置に回動操作すると引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８に接触する構成としたことにより、引抜搬送装置２４の搬送始端部の左右間隔を広くすることができるので、２条分の玉葱の茎葉部をこの左右間隔部で案内してから引き抜くことができ、茎葉部を掴み損なうことが防止されるため、抜き残された玉葱の回収作業が不要となる。
また、左右の条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１の後部に設けた延設フレーム１５１ａ，１５１ａに後側テンションローラ１５５，１５５…を設け、左右の条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１を２条掘り位置に回動操作すると引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８に接触する構成としたことにより、左右の条数切替テンションローラ１５３，１５３の後方位置の挟持力を強くすることができるので、左右間隔部に案内されてきた茎葉部を確実に掴んで引き抜くことができ、玉葱の抜き残しがより確実に防止される。
一方、１条掘りの時には条数切替テンションローラ１５３，１５３と後側テンションローラ１５５，１５５…が引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８から離間することにより、引抜搬送装置２４の搬送始端側の挟持力が強くなり過ぎることが防止されるので、強い挟持力が掛かり続けて茎葉部がすり潰されて玉葱の根部が搬送途中で落下することが防止され、玉葱を拾い集める作業が不要となって作業者の労力が軽減されると共に、落下の衝撃で玉葱が傷付くことが防止され、玉葱の商品価値が維持される。
さらに、外側から引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８を押圧する左右の外側テンションローラ１５６，１５６を設けたことにより、引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８が弛み、外側に向かって広がることを防止することができるので、引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８がカバー（図示省略）等に接触して摩耗することや、接触の際に外れることが防止されるため、引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８の耐久性が向上する。
そして、機体前側に分草杆２７を備える横引起し装置２６と、縦引起し装置２５を設けることによって、圃場に倒伏した玉葱の茎葉を掻き上げながら収穫作業ができ、収穫する玉葱の視認性が向上するので引き抜き位置が合わせやすく、作物の抜き残しが減少するため作業能率が向上する。
また、テーパ形状の偏心カム２８ｂを分岐伝動ケース２８の出力軸２８ａに装着し、この偏心カム２８ｂに振動ロッド３２を設けて上下及び左右に振動可能に構成したことにより、玉葱の周囲の土を上下方向だけでなく左右方向の振動でより細かく解すことができるので、玉葱が引抜搬送装置２４に確実に引き抜かれて抜き残しの発生が防止され、抜き残し玉葱を収穫する作業が不要となり、作業能率が向上すると共に作業者の労力が軽減される。
そして、振動ロッド３２の端部にスフェリカルジョイント３２ａを設け、このスフェリカルジョイント３２ａにスライドブッシュ３３ａを介して左右他側の振動フレーム３３を設けたことにより、振動ソイラ３４，３４の左右方向の振動幅を拡げることができるので、玉葱の周りの土の解れがいっそうよくなり、抜き残し玉葱が減少する。
これに加えて、左右の振動の際に生じる負荷が軽減されるため、振動ロッド３２や振動フレーム３３の耐久性が向上する。
さらに、伝動シャフト３３ｃを介して左右一側の振動フレーム３３を設け、左右一側の振動フレーム３３にはスフェリカルジョイント３２ａやスライドブッシュ３３ａを設けないことにより、隣接する玉葱があり土が固い側（未掘り側）は上下のみの振動で土を解すので、土が固い側の振動ソイラ３４にかかる抵抗が小さくなり、振動ソイラ３４や振動フレーム３３の耐久性が向上する。なお、上下及び左右方向に振動する左右他側の振動ソイラ３４は、既に玉葱が掘り起こされており土が柔らかい側（既掘り側）の土を解すので、比較的負荷が小さく、耐久性に問題が生じることはない。
そして、左右の泥落し体３４ａ，３４ａを設けたことにより、搬送中の玉葱に付着した泥土を除去することができるので、機体の掃除にかかる時間が短縮されてメンテナンス性が向上すると共に、作業者や選別作業者が玉葱の形状や傷等の異常の有無を目視することができるので、玉葱の選別精度が向上する。
さらに、ハンドル２９を回すと上下伸縮する伸縮ロッド３０の下端部にゲージ輪３１を設けたことによって、ゲージ輪３１を圃場面に接地させるとそれ以上引抜搬送装置２４が下降しなくなるので、操縦者の操縦ミスや予期せぬ地面の凹凸によって引抜搬送装置２４の下端部が圃場面に接触して破損することが防止される。
そして、機体フレーム９と左右横軸２１を回動支点として上下方向に回動自在な作業部フレーム２０とを昇降シリンダ２３で連結し、昇降シリンダ２３を操縦部Ｂの昇降操作レバー１４を操作することによって伸縮させる構成としたことによって、昇降操作レバー１４の操作により収穫部Ｃ全体の上下高さを調節することができるので、収穫部Ｃの引抜搬送始端部の位置を上下方向に調節しするとともに圃場に植生する玉葱の適切な引き抜き高さに合わせて引抜搬送始端部の位置調節を行え、玉葱の抜き残しが防止されるので作業能率が向上する。
また、旋回時に収穫部Ｃを上昇させておくと、収穫部Ｃの下端部が圃場に接触しにくくなるため、旋回動作がスムーズに行われて作業能率が向上する。
次に、茎葉切断部Ｄについて説明する。
図１及び図６から図１０で示すとおり、前記伝動ケース２２に駆動力を伝道する左右の伝動軸３６，３６を取り付け、該左右の伝動軸３６，３６の上部に左右伝動ケース３７，３７を取り付けると共に、該左右の伝動ケース３７，３７内に複数のギアを噛み合わせて構成する左右の第１ギアユニット３８，３８を機体前側に向かって取り付ける。また、前記伝動ケース２２内部の左右の伝動軸３６，３６に左右の第２ギアユニット３９，３９を機体後側に向かって取り付け、該左右の第２ギアユニット３９，３９の後端部に左右の第１出力軸４０，４０を機体上方に向けて軸着する。
そして、前記の左右第１ギアユニット３８，３８の前端部に左右の第２出力軸４１，４１を機体下方に向けて軸着し、該左右の第２出力軸４１，４１に左右の位置揃え駆動スプロケット４２，４２を軸着する。さらに、前記左右伝動ケース３７，３７の前下部に側面視Ｌ字型の左右の位置揃えフレーム４３，４３を取り付け、該位置揃えフレーム４３，４３に機体左右方向の孔部４４，４４を形成し、該孔部４４，４４に左右の位置揃え従動スプロケット４５，４５を軸着した左右回転軸４６，４６を取り付ける。また、該位置揃え従動スプロケット４５，４５と位置揃え駆動スプロケット４２，４２との前後間で且つ位置揃え駆動スプロケット４２，４２よりも機体内側位置に左右の位置揃えテンションスプロケット４７，４７を回転自在に取り付ける。さらに、該位置揃えテンションスプロケット４７，４７と位置揃え駆動スプロケット４２，４２と位置揃え従動スプロケット４５，４５とに左右の位置揃えチェーン４８，４８を無端状に巻回する。該左右の位置揃えチェーン４８，４８には、位置揃えチェーン４８，４８の上下及び搬送経路側を覆う、複数のチェーンカバー５１，５１…を、位置揃えチェーン４８，４８の全域に亘って取り付けることにより、茎葉部が位置揃えチェーン４８，４８に接触して千切られ、引抜搬送装置２４の搬送途中で玉葱が下方に落下することを防止できる。
なお、前記位置揃え駆動スプロケット４２，４２は、位置揃え従動スプロケット４５，４５及び位置揃えテンションスプロケット４７，４７よりも小径のものを用いてもよい。
そして、前記伝動ケース３７，３７に左右の受け板４９，４９を前後方向に位置調節可能に取り付け、該受け板４９，４９と位置揃えフレーム４３，４３との間に、前記位置揃え従動スプロケット４５，４５を付勢して位置揃えチェーン４８，４８に生じる弛みを吸収させる左右の付勢バネ５０，５０を取り付ける。該付勢バネ５０，５０は、受け板４９，力を変更することができ、玉葱の種類や生育状態、茎葉部の平均的な太さに応じて変更することで、様々な作業条件に対応することができる。
また、前記左右の位置揃えフレーム４３，４３に機体左右方向の孔部４４，４４を形成、該孔部４４，４４に位置揃え従動スプロケット４５，４５の回転軸４６，４６を貫通させて設けたことにより、位置揃え従動スプロケット４５，４５を左右方向に移動させて位置調節することができるので、非作業時及び茎葉部が通過中でない、あるいは径の小さい茎葉部が通過する際は、位置揃え従動スプロケット４７，４７は付勢バネ５０，５０に押圧されて前側で且つ機体内側方向に向かって押圧され、大径の茎葉部が通過する際には位置揃え従動スプロケット４７，４７は機体外側方向に向かって押圧される構成となり、大径の茎葉部が噛み込まれることを防止でき、噛み込まれた茎葉部を取り除く必要が無く作業能率が向上する。
加えて、位置揃え装置５４の搬送始端側から搬送終端側までの左右間隔が、大径の茎葉部が通過して負荷がかかったときのみ略直線状となるので、それ以外の場合には位置揃え装置の左右間隔を搬送始端側から搬送終端側に向かって広がる構成となり、位置揃え装置５４の左右間隔を通過する玉葱が左右方向にふらつくことを防止でき、玉葱の茎葉部の切断位置揃えが適正に行なわれる。
さらに、大径の茎葉部が位置揃え装置５４の左右間を通過できず、玉葱の茎葉部の切断位置が上がり過ぎ、根部に茎葉部が残ることを防止でき、後処理でこの茎葉部を取り除く作業が不要となり、作業能率が向上すると共に、玉葱が持ち上げられ過ぎ、根部を後述する茎葉切断装置６１に切断されてしまうことを防止できるので、玉葱が傷付くことが無く、商品価値が向上する。
そして、前記位置揃えチェーン４８，４８の巻回域内で且つ位置揃え従動スプロケット４５，４５と位置揃えテンションスプロケット４７，４７との間に、位置揃えチェーン４８，４８を巻回域内から茎葉部接触面に向かって押圧する左右のテンションプレート５３，５３を機体左右方向に位置調節自在に取り付けることにより、位置揃え装置５４が引抜搬送装置２４の搬送方向後側の下方位置に構成される。
該テンションプレート５３，５３は、前記伝動ケース３７，３７に長穴を形成して取付軸５３ａ，５３ａをボルト等着脱可能な部材で位置調節に取り付け、該取付軸５３ａ，５３ａの端部に板体５３ｂ，５３ｂを溶着して構成する。
なお、テンションプレート５３，５３は、位置揃え装置５４に略平行位置に設けてもよいが、機体外側の位置揃え装置５３の前側にテンションプレート５２を設ける場合、機体内側の位置揃え装置５３のテンションプレート５２は位置揃え装置５３のテンションプレート５２よりも機体後側に設けると、大径の茎葉部が位置揃え装置５４の左右間を通過する際、テンションプレート５２またはテンションプレート５２の無い側に位置揃えチェーン４８及び位置揃えガイド体５２が移動するので、玉葱の茎葉部の径が大きくても位置揃え装置５４に噛み込まれることを防止でき、機体を停止させて噛み込まれた茎葉部を取り除く必要がなく、作業能率が向上する。
加えて、テンションプレート５３，５３の張力は、前記付勢バネ５０，５０の張力よりも弱く設定すると、大径の茎葉部が通過して負荷がかかると位置揃えチェーン４８，４８が適正な位置まで撓んで退避することができるので、位置揃え装置５４に噛み込まれることを防止でき、機体を停止させて噛み込まれた茎葉部を取り除く必要がなく、作業能率が向上する。
そして、前記位置揃え駆動スプロケット４２，４２の近傍で且つ位置揃えガイド体５２，５２の外側位置で伝動ケース３７，３７に長穴を形成し、この長穴に位置揃えガイド体５２，５２の表面に付着した茎葉部の切れ端や泥等を落とす左右のスクレーパ５５，５５を位置揃えガイド体５２，５２の軌跡に沿って位置調節時際に取り付ける。
前記スクレーパ５５，５５は、後下り傾斜姿勢で配置することにより、茎葉部の切れ端や泥を下方に落下させやすくなる。
そして、図９、図１０で示す通り、前記左右の第２出力軸４１，４１を下方に延出させ、該左右の第２出力軸４１，４１に左右の補助入力軸２０１，２０１を、左右のカップリング２０２，２０２を介して各々取り付ける。該左右の補助入力軸２０１，２０１は、スプライン構造等により、前記左右の第２出力軸４１，４１の回転と異なる回転をしない構成とする。また、該左右のカップリング２０２，２０２は、ボールとスプリング（図示省略）を内装し、左右のカップリング２０２，２０２を回転させることによって左右の補助入力軸２０１，２０１の位置を上下方向に調節可能に構成する。前記左右の補助入力軸２０１，２０１の下端部には、左右の補助駆動スプロケット２０３，２０３を各々装着する。
さらに、該左右の補助駆動スプロケット２０３，２０３の上方に、前記左右の補助入力軸２０１，２０１を貫通させる孔部を形成した左右の補助支持フレーム２０４，２０４を機体前側に向けて設ける。該左右の補助支持フレーム２０４，２０４が左右の補助入力軸２０１，２０１の回転に連動して回転することを防止すべく、孔部には前記左右の補助入力軸２０１，２０１を受けるベアリング（図示省略）を設ける。前記左右の補助支持フレーム２０４，２０４の前端下部には、伸縮自在なスプリング２０６を取り付ける取付プレート２０５，２０５を各々設け、該左右のスプリング２０６，２０６の前端部には、左右の移動軸２０７，２０７の下端部を各々装着する。
そして、該左右の移動軸２０７，２０７の上端部には、前後方向にスライド自在な左右のスライドフレーム２０８，２０８の後部側を各々設け、該左右のスライドフレーム２０８着した左右の補助出力軸２０９，２０９を各々取り付ける。さらに、該左右のスライドフレーム２０８，２０８の後端部に左右のスライドピン２１１，２１１を各々設け、該左右のスライドピン２１１，２１１を差し込む切欠溝２１２ａを形成した左右のガイドレール２１２，２１２をスライドフレーム２０８，２０８の後端部から前記左右の伝動ケース３７，３７との間に設ける。該左右のガイドレール２１２，２１２は、前記引抜搬送装置２４の傾斜姿勢と同じ後上り傾斜姿勢とし、傾斜角度も同じに設定する。
また、前記左右の補助従動スプロケット２１０，２１０と左右の補助駆動スプロケット２０３，２０３に亘って、左右の補助位置揃えチェーン２１１，２１１を各々巻回することにより、玉葱の茎葉部の切断位置を揃える補助位置揃え装置２１３が構成される。該左右の補助位置揃えチェーン２１１，２１１には、上記位置揃え装置５４を構成する左右の位置揃えチェーン４８，４８と同じく、複数のチェーンカバー５１，５１…を補助位置揃えチェーン２１１，２１１の全域に亘って取り付けることにより、茎葉部が補助位置揃えチェーン２１１，２１１に接触して千切られ、引抜搬送装置２４の搬送途中で玉葱が下方に落下することを防止できる。
なお、上記構成では、補助位置揃え装置２１３の上下位置を変更すると前端部側が前後移動し、後端部の位置は変わらない構成としているが、例えば左右の第２出力軸４１，４１と連結する左右の補助入力軸２０１，２０１をユニバーサルジョイント等の屈曲可能な回転軸とし、補助駆動スプロケット２０３，２０３を後方に移動可能な構成とすると共に、補助従動スプロケット２１０，２１０は前後方向に移動しない構成とすることも考えられる。
上記の構成により、左右のカップリング２０２，２０２を回転操作して左右の補助入力軸２０１，２０１を上下移動させると、上端部側を左右の伝動ケース３７，３７に取り付けている左右のガイドレール２１２，２１２の切欠溝２１２ａ，２１２ａに差し込まれた左右のスライドピン２１１，２１１がガイドレール２１２，２１２によって上昇または下降させられ、これにより左右のスライドフレーム２０８，２０８が前後移動して左右のスプリング２０６，２０６を伸縮させることができる。
具体的には、カップリング２０２，２０２を上昇側に回すと、ガイドレール２１２，２１２の上昇に伴いスライドピン２１１，２１１が上方に引き上げられ、これによりスライドフレーム２０８，２０８が後方に引き下げられてスプリング２０６，２０６が収縮させられることにより、補助位置揃え装置２１３の前後長さが位置揃え装置５４と略同じ前後長さにまで収縮可能な構成となる。一方、カップリング２０２，２０２を下降側に回すと、ガイドレール２１２，２１２の下降に伴いスライドピン２１１，２１１が下方に押し下げられ、これによりスライドフレーム２０８，２０８が前方に押し出されてスプリング２０６，２０６が伸張することにより、補助位置揃え装置２１３の前後長さが位置揃え装置５４の前後長さよりも長くなるように伸張可能な構成となる。
そして、前記左右第１ギアユニット３８，３８の位置揃え装置５４の後方位置に左右の切断刃回転軸５６，５６を軸着し、該切断刃回転軸５６，５６に左右のベアリング５７，５７を回転自在に取り付ける。そして、前記左右のベアリング５７，５７に左右の支持プレート５９，５９を取り付け、該支持プレート５９，５９に左右の茎葉切断刃６０，６０を取り付けて、茎葉切断装置６１が構成される。
また、前記左右第１出力軸４０，４０に左右茎葉搬送駆動プーリ６２，６２を軸着し、前記左右第１ギアユニット３８，３８よりも機体前側で且つ位置揃え装置５４Ｌ，５４Ｒの上方に左右茎葉搬送従動プーリ６３，６３を回転自在に取り付ける。そして、該左右茎葉搬送駆動プーリ６２，６２と左右茎葉搬送従動プーリ６３，６３とに左右排葉搬送ベルト６４，６４を無端状に巻回することによって、前記引抜搬送装置２４から玉葱の茎葉部を引き継いで機体後方に排出する排葉搬送装置６５が、前記左右の伝動ケース３７，３７の上部外周で且つ引抜搬送装置２４の搬送終端側の下方に構成される。
さらに、前記左右第１出力軸４０，４０の上端部に左右残葉搬送駆動プーリ６６，６６を軸着し、前記伝動ケース３７，３７の上方に左右残葉搬送従動プーリ６７，６７を回転自在に取り付けるとともに、該左右残葉搬送駆動プーリ６６，６６と左右残葉搬送従動プーリ６７，６７との前後間に複数の左右の残葉搬送テンションプーリ６８，６８…を取り付ける。そして、前記左右残葉搬送駆動プーリ６６，６６と左右残葉搬送従動プーリ６７，６７と左右残葉搬送テンションプーリ６８，６８…とに左右残葉搬送ベルト６９，６９を無端状に巻回することによって、茎葉の上部を挟持して機体後方に搬送する残葉搬送装置７０が、前記排葉搬送装置６５の上方に構成される。
上記排葉搬送装置６５と残葉搬送装置７０の終端部から茎葉切断装置６１によって切断された茎葉を圃場に排出する排葉シュータ７１を設けて、茎葉切断部Ｄを構成する。
上記構成により、左右の位置揃え駆動スプロケット４２，４２が、茎葉部が通過する位置揃え装置５４の左右間隔部から離間する位置に配置されることにより、位置揃え駆動スプロケット４２，４２や第２出力軸４１，４１に茎葉部が絡み付いて位置揃え装置５４を停止させてしまうことを防止できるので、収穫作業が中断されず、作業能率が向上する。
また、位置揃え駆動スプロケット４２，４２を位置揃え従動スプロケット４５，４５及び位置揃えテンションスプロケット４７，４７よりも小径としたことにより、位置揃え駆動スプロケット４２，４２がいっそう位置揃え装置５４の左右間隔部から離間するので、位置揃え駆動スプロケット４２，４２や第２出力軸４１，４１に茎葉部が絡み付くことをいっそう防止でき、作業能率がさらに向上する。
そして、位置揃え従動スプロケット４５，４５を付勢する左右の付勢バネ５０，５０を設けたことにより、位置揃え装置５４に茎葉部が接触する際に左右の位置揃えチェーン４８，４８に生じる弛みを吸収させることができ、位置揃えチェーン４８，４８がすぐに張り状態に戻るため、径の異なる茎葉部が連続して通過するときでも位置揃え装置５４が確実に玉葱の茎葉部を受けることができ、玉葱の茎葉部の切断位置が適正に揃えられて茎葉部が適正に切断され、後工程で茎葉部を除去する必要が無く、作業能率が向上する。
また、左右の受け板４９，４９を前後方向に移動させることで付勢バネ５０，５０の張力が調節されることにより、玉葱の生育状況や品種による茎葉部の径の差異、あるいは天候や土質等、作業場所の作業条件に合わせて張力を適正に変更できるので、茎葉部を切断する際に収穫部を切断することが防止され、作物の商品価値が向上する。
なお、玉葱は収穫部にある程度の茎葉部が残る位置で切断するのが最適な切断である。収穫部と茎葉部の境界を切ると、玉葱の内部が露出してしまい、内部が過度に乾燥して品質が低下してしまうためである。
さらに、左右の位置揃えフレーム４３，４３に機体左右方向の孔部４４，４４を形成し、この孔部４４，４４に位置揃え従動スプロケット４５，４５を軸着した回転軸４６，４６を移動自在に設けたことにより、負荷がかからない状態では、付勢バネ５０，５０に付勢された位置揃え従動スプロケット４５，４５は茎葉部の搬送経路寄りに移動するので、小径の茎葉部が通過する際に位置揃え装置５４が茎葉部を受けて玉葱の茎葉部の切断位置を適正に揃えることができ、後工程で玉葱に残る茎葉部を取り除く必要がなくなり、作業能率が向上する。
また、大径の茎葉部が通過する際、位置揃え装置５４に大きな負荷がかかると、位置揃え従動スプロケット４５，４５は孔部４４，４４に沿って茎葉部の移動経路から離間する方向に移動するので、位置揃え装置５４の前側の左右間隔が広くなり、茎葉部が位置揃え装置５４の間隔部に噛み込まれることを防止でき、機体を止めて噛み込まれた茎葉部を取り除く必要が無く、作業能率が向上する。
なお、玉葱の茎葉部が須らく大径であることが収穫作業前にわかっている場合には、位置揃え従動スプロケット４５，４５を位置揃え装置５４の左右間から離間する方向に移動させ、位置揃え装置５４の搬送方向上手側の左右間隔を広くしておくと、位置揃え装置５４が茎葉部を噛み込むことを防止でき、噛み込んだ茎葉部を取り除く作業が必要なく、作業能率が向上する。
そして、位置揃えチェーン４８，４８の巻回域内に左右のテンションプレート５３Ｌ，５３Ｒを設けたことにより、位置揃えチェーン４８，４８を巻回域内から押圧するため、大径の茎葉部が通過する際、テンションプレート５３，５３が押圧していない部分の位置揃えチェーン４８，４８は位置揃え駆動スプロケット４２，４２の方向へ退避できるので、茎葉部が位置揃え装置５４の左右間に噛み込まれることが無く、機体を止めて噛み込まれた茎葉部を取り除く必要が無く、作業能率が向上する。
また、位置揃え駆動スプロケット４２，４２の外周を移動する位置揃えガイド体５２，５２に付着した茎葉部の破片や泥等の夾雑物を擦り落とす左右のスクレーパ５５，５５を設けたことによって、茎葉部の移動経路から離れて位置で位置揃えガイド体５２，５２に付着した夾雑物を除去することができるので、茎葉部の破片が位置揃え装置５４の各部に絡み付くことが防止され、機体を止めて絡み付いた茎葉部の破片を取り除く必要が無く作業能率が向上すると共に、泥の塊が玉葱の根部を傷つけることが防止され、玉葱の商品価値が向上する。
さらに、スクレーパ５５，５５は長穴に沿って取り付け位置を変更することができるので、収穫作業を行う圃場の玉葱の茎葉部の径の平均に合わせて最適な位置にスクレーパ５５，５５を設定し、確実に茎葉部の破片や泥等の夾雑物を位置揃えガイド体５２，５２から除去することにより、上記の効果がさらに向上する。
そして、左右のカップリング２０２，２０２を回転させると補助位置揃え装置２１３の上下高さと前後長さを変更できる構成としたことにより、玉葱のように茎葉部が上下に長く収穫部（鱗茎部）が短い作物を収穫する際は、補助位置揃え装置２１３を下降させて前後長さを長く構成すると共に、人参等の茎葉部と収穫部（根部）の長さの差が小さい作物を収穫する際は、補助位置揃え装置２１３を上昇させて前後長さを短く構成することができるので、異なる作物の収穫作業が可能となり、汎用性が向上する。
また、収穫する玉葱や人参の品種やサイズに合わせて上下位置を調節することができるので、茎葉部の切断位置が適切になり収穫部を傷付けることが防止され、玉葱や人参の商品価値が向上する。
さらに、左右のガイドレール２１２，２１２を引抜搬送装置２４と同じ傾斜角度で後下がり傾斜姿勢としたことにより、補助位置揃え装置２１３の上下高さを変更しても補助位置揃え装置２１３と位置揃え装置５４の位置関係を平行のまま維持することができるので、玉葱や人参の位置揃え姿勢が乱れることが無く、茎葉部の切断位置が安定する
なお、図１及び図１０で示す通り、人参を収穫するときや、玉葱に長めに茎葉部を残す必要があるときなど、補助位置揃え装置２１３を位置揃え装置５４の直下まで上昇させて前後長さを短くしたときは、引抜搬送装置２４から位置揃え装置５４及び補助位置揃え装置２１３に玉葱や人参の茎葉部を案内する、左右一対の茎葉案内ガイド３５，３５を左右の引抜フレーム１５，１５に各々取り付ける。
上記により、引抜搬送装置２４から位置揃え装置５４及び補助位置揃え装置２１３に茎葉部が引き継がれるまで、茎葉部を左右の茎葉案内ガイド３５，３５が案内することにより、茎葉部が位置揃え装置５４及び補助位置揃え装置２１３の搬送域に入り込まず、玉葱や人参が落下してしまうことを防止できるので、落下の衝撃で玉葱や人参が傷付くことが防止され、商品価値が向上すると共に、玉葱や人参に茎葉部が残った茎葉部を人手で切断する作業が不要となり、作業能率が向上すると共に、作業者の労力が軽減される。
後述の調製搬送装置 は、玉葱に残っている茎葉部を設定した位置で切断するものであるが、茎葉部が長過ぎると搬送途中で茎葉部が倒伏し、適切な位置で切断できなくなることや茎葉部が詰まって搬送が停滞してしまう問題が生じ得るので、作業者が移動させる前に茎葉部を切断する必要があり、この間玉葱の移動及び選別作業が中断され、作業能率が低下する。従って、玉葱は茎葉切断装置６１により茎葉部を所定長さに亘って切断されてから一時貯留部Ｅに移動することが望ましい。
そして、茎葉切断装置６１で玉葱から切断された排葉（切断された茎葉部）を圃場に排出する排葉シュータ７１が、既掘り側（玉葱を収穫し終えた側）に茎葉を排出するように下方傾斜姿勢に設けられていることによって、排出された茎葉が未掘り側（玉葱を収穫していない側）の玉葱の上に落下し、排葉が左右の挟持搬送ベルト１９，１９や左右の従動プーリ１７，１７等に絡み付いて収穫部Ｃを停止させて収穫作業を妨げることが防止できるので、作業能率が向上すると共に、玉葱の上に落下した排葉が収穫する玉葱の視認性を妨げることを防止できる。
なお、上記の補助位置揃え装置２１３の上下調節は、作業者が手作業で行う構成であるが、下記の構成としてもよい。なお、前記補助位置揃え装置２１３と同一の構成である部分については、重複を避けるべく記載を省略する。
図１１、図１２で示す通り、前記左右の第２出力軸４１，４１を中空とし、該左右の第２出力軸４１，４１の内部に左右の補助入力軸２１４，２１４を上下方向に移動自在に挿入する。該左右の補助入力軸２１４，２１４の外周部には、少なくとも左右の第２出力軸４１，４１の径と略同径の蛇腹状の保護カバー２１４ａ，２１４ａを各々伸縮自在に設け、前記左右の補助入力軸２１４，２１４が露出しない構成とする。前記左右の補助入力軸２１４，２１４の下端部には、前記左右の補助駆動スプロケット２０３，２０３を装着する。
そして、前記左右の伝動ケース３６，３６の上部で且つ左右の補助入力軸２１４，２１４の上端部に、該左右の補助入力軸２１４，２１４を上下移動させる左右の操作ノブ２１５，２１５を各々設け、該左右の操作ノブ２１５，２１５に従動ギア２１６，２１６を各々設け、該従動ギア２１６，２１６と噛み合う駆動ギア２１７，２１７を各々装着した上下移動モータ２１８，２１８を各々伝動ケース３６，３６上に設ける。
また、前記操縦部Ｂの操作パネル１２に該上下移動モータ２１８，２１８を作動させて補助位置揃え装置２１３の上下位置を変更操作する上下操作スイッチ２１９を設ける。
さらに、図１３で示す通り、前記左右の伝動ケース３６，３６の前端部に、前記左右のガイドレール２１２，２１２の有無を検知する左右のレール検知センサ２２０，２２０を設け、該左右のレール検知センサ２２０，２２０が検知状態になると点灯する第１ランプ２２１を前記操作パネル１２に設ける。
なお、レール検知センサ２２０，２２０は接触式のセンサ、非接触式のセンサのどちらでも構わない。また、第１ランプ２２１が点灯するときは、左右のガイドレール２１２，２１２がレール検知センサ２２０，２２０の前方に位置しているときであり、補助位置揃え装置２１３は上方移動して人参の収穫作業形態となっているので、赤やオレンジのランプとすると、作業者が現在の作業状態を視覚的に把握しやすくなる。
これに加えて、レール検知センサ２２０，２２０が非検知状態であるときは、補助位置揃え装置２１３は下方に位置し、玉葱の収穫作業形態となっているので、白や黄色の第２ランプ２２２を設け、作業者が補助位置揃え装置２１３の現在の作業状態をより視覚的に把握しやすくなる。
さらに、人参の収穫作業形態では補助位置揃え装置２１３は上方、玉葱の収穫作業形態では補助位置揃え装置２１３は下方に位置するので、該第１ランプ２２１を上側、第２ランプ２２２を下側に配置すると、作業者はさらに視覚的な判断が容易になる。
上記構成としたことにより、作業者は操縦座席１０に座ったままでも補助位置揃え装置２１３の作業形態を変更することができるので、補助位置揃え装置２１３の操作の度に移動する必要が無く、作業能率が向上する。
また、補助入力軸２１４，２１４の外周部に保護カバー２１４ａ，２１４ａを設けたことにより、玉葱や人参の茎葉部が補助入力軸２１４，２１４に直接絡み付くことを防止できるので、茎葉部が巻き付いて補助入力軸２１４，２１４の回転が停滞することが防止されて作業能率が向上すると共に、巻き付いた茎葉部を除去する作業が不要となり、作業者の労力が軽減される。
そして、保護カバー２１４ａ，２１４ａを蛇腹状としたことにより、補助位置揃え装置２１３を上下移動させる際に保護カバー２１４ａ，２１４ａは伸び縮みすることができるので、補助位置揃え装置２１３の上下移動操作の際に保護カバー２１４ａ，２１４ａを取り外す必要がなく、作業能率が向上する。
そして、保護カバー２１４ａ，２１４ａを少なくとも第２出力軸４１，４１の径と略同径としたことにより、補助位置揃え装置２１３を上方に移動させる際に保護カバー２１４ａ，２１４ａが第２出力軸４１，４１の内部に入り込むことを防止できるので、保護カバー２１４ａ，２１４ａが破損することが防止されると共に、第２出力軸４１，４１が停止しなくなることが防止される。
また、上下移動モータ２１８，２１８の操作を上下操作レバー２２３で行うものとし、該上下操作レバー２２３の操作量を検知するポテンショメータ２２４を設け、該ポテンショメータ２２４の検知する上下操作レバー２２３の操作量から、上下移動モータ２１８，２１８の回転方向及び回転時間を決定する構成とすると、該上下操作レバー２２３の操作量から補助位置揃え装置２１３の上下位置を判断することが可能になるので、前記操作パネル１２にレベルゲージ２２４を設け、収穫する作物や茎葉部の切断位置を細かく調節することができ、作物に残る茎葉部の処理作業が不要となり、作業能率が向上する。
そして、茎葉部の切断時に作物を傷付けることが防止され、作物の商品価値が向上する。
次に、一時貯留部Ｅについて説明する。
図１から図３で示すとおり、前記茎葉切断装置６１の下方に前後の保持フレーム７２，７２を設け、該保持フレーム７２，７２の機体左右一側の前後間に搬送従動ローラ７３ａを回転自在に取り付ける。また、前記前後の保持フレーム７２，７２の機体左右他側の前後間で且つ搬送従動ローラ７３ａよりも下方位置に搬送駆動ローラ７３ｂを回転自在に取り付ける。そして、該搬送従動ローラ７３ａと搬送駆動ローラ７３ｂとにゴムやウレタン等の弾性体で構成する作物搬送ベルト７４を無端状に巻回することにより、茎葉切断部Ｄから引き継いだ玉葱を機体外側方向から左右内側方向に搬送する作物搬送コンベア７５を構成する。該作物搬送コンベア７５は、機体左右一側から左右他側に向けて２〜５度程度傾斜させると、玉葱が搬送順路を逆行しにくくなり、搬送能率が向上する。
また、該作物搬送コンベア７５の搬送終端部に玉葱を機体前側に移動させる案内壁７６を前後方向に設け、作物搬送コンベア７５の前部に玉葱を受けて一時的に貯留する貯留ホッパ７７を設ける。さらに、前記作物搬送コンベア７５の搬送終端側の下方には、後述する補助作業座席１０８に着座する補助作業者が、貯留ホッパ７７に貯留された玉葱のうち商品としての出荷に適さないもの（例えば、傷が有る、腐っている、極端に小さい等）を選別しておく選別用コンテナ７８を配置する。
なお、出荷に適さない玉葱は、圃場に放棄して土壌に還元させても問題は無いが、放棄する位置によっては石や土塊と同様に玉葱収穫機の走行を妨げる可能性があるが、選別用コンテナ７８に貯留しておき、収穫作業の終了後に放棄することにより、この問題の発生を防止することができる。
上記の構成では、これにより、落下した玉葱は作物搬送ベルト７４の駆動と傾斜による移動により移動するので、作物搬送コンベア７６上で玉葱の移動が停止することがなく、手作業で停止した玉葱を動かす必要がなく、作業能率が向上する。また、残葉処理コンベア７６が若干（約２〜５度）傾斜していることにより、機体が圃場の状態等により機体左右一側方向に傾斜しても作物搬送コンベア７６は地面に対して略水平状態となるに留まるので、玉葱が作物搬送コンベア７６上に停滞したり、作物搬送コンベア７６の搬送方向とは逆方向に移動したりすることがなく、こうした玉葱を手作業で搬送経路に戻す必要がなく、作業能率が向上する。
また、作物搬送コンベア７６を構成する作物搬送ベルト７４をゴムやウレタン等の弾性体で構成したことによって、茎葉切断装置６１で茎葉部を切除されて玉葱が落下しても作物搬送ベルト７４が落下の衝撃を軽減するので、落下の衝撃で玉葱が傷付くことが防止され、玉葱の品質が向上する。
そして、作物搬送コンベア７６の搬送終端部に案内壁７７に案内されて貯留ホッパ７７に一時的に貯留されることにより、引抜搬送装置２４に引き抜かれて搬送されてくる玉葱の数が多くても、作業者は貯留ホッパ７７に貯留された玉葱の状態の確認や調製搬送部Ｆへの移動を任意のタイミングで行うことができるので、玉葱の選別精度が向上すると共に、玉葱の調製作業の精度が向上する。
次に、調製搬送部Ｆについて説明する。
図１から図３、及び図１４から図１６で示すとおり、前記貯留ホッパ７７の機体左右他側に前後の調整搬送フレーム７９，７９を設け、該前後の調整搬送フレーム７９，７９の機体左右一側に左右方向の根切り搬送フレーム８０，８０を設け、該前後の根切り搬送フレーム８０，８０の左右一側に前後の根切り従動プーリ８１，８１を各々回転自在に設け、左右他側に前後の根切り駆動プーリ８２，８２を各々回転自在に設ける。そして、該前後の根切り従動プーリ８１，８１と前後の根切り駆動プーリ８２，８２に亘って前後の根切り搬送ベルト８３，８３を各々巻回し、前記前後の根切り搬送フレーム８０，８０の下方に前後の根切り駆動プーリ８２，８２に駆動力を供給する根切り駆動モータ８４，８４を各々設ける。該前後の根切り搬送ベルト８３，８３は、玉葱の下部を受けるべく、前後方向に３〜５ｃｍ程度間隔を空けて配置する。
これにより、前後の根切り搬送ベルト８３，８３に玉葱を載せると、玉葱は前後の根切り搬送ベルト８３，８３によって、機体左右一側から左右他側に搬送される。
さらに、前記前後の根切り搬送ベルト８３，８３の巻回域内に駆動力を受けて回転する前後の根切り伝動プーリ８５，８５を各々設け、該前後の根切り伝動プーリ８５，８５の回転軸８５ａに、該回転軸８５ａと共に回転する上下長さ調節可能な前後の根切り伸縮出力軸８６，８６を、前記根切り搬送フレーム８０，８０を貫通させて各々設ける。そして、該前後の根切り伸縮出力軸８６，８６の下端部に玉葱の下部に生えている根部を切断する前後の根部切断刃８７，８７を各々装着すると共に、該前後の根部切断刃８７，８７を下方から連結する側面視でコの字型の根切り支持プレート８８を設ける。また、該根切り支持プレート８８の後側端部と機体後側の調整搬送フレーム７９とに上下一対の根切り平行リンクアーム８９，８９を上下方向に回動自在に設け、該根切り平行リンクアーム８９，８９を上下方向に回動操作する第１切断位置調節レバー９０を設け、該第１切断位置調節レバー９０の後端部を機体後側の調整搬送フレーム７９に形成した上下方向の第１調節孔部７９ａから機体後方に突出させる。
なお、前記前後の根切り搬送フレーム８０，８０の左右一側端部には、左右一側方向に突出する、玉葱の根部を案内する根部案内バー１０２，１０２を左右一側から左右他側に下方傾斜姿勢で設けると、作業者が調製搬送する玉葱をセットする際、根部が根部切断刃８７，８７の切断作用域を通過する位置にセットしやすくなる。該前後の根部案内バー１０２，１０２の左右一側端部は、下方に向けて折り曲げてＲ形状とすることにより、玉葱が接触しても傷付きにくい構成となる、
該第１切断位置調節レバー９０を操作して根切り平行リンクアーム８９，８９を上下回動操作すると、根切り支持プレート８８が連動して上下移動して根切り伸縮出力軸８６，８６を伸縮させ、根部切断刃８７，８７の切断位置を上下方向に変更する構成となる。
なお、根部切断刃８７，８７の切断位置は、第１調節孔部７９ａの上下方向に亘って第１切断位置調節レバー９０を引掛ける溝部７９ｂ…を複数形成することにより、作業者は任意の根切り高さを設定することが可能となる。
また、前記前後の調製搬送フレーム７９，７９の機体左右他側で且つ根切り搬送フレーム８０，８０よりも上側に、前後の葉切り搬送フレーム９１，９１を各々左右方向に向けて設け、該前後の葉切り搬送フレーム９１，９１の機体左右一側に前後の葉切り従動プーリ９２，９２を各々回転自在に設けると共に、機体左右他側に前後の葉切り駆動プーリ９３，９３を各々回転自在に設ける。そして、該前後の葉切り従動プーリ９２，９２と前後の葉切り駆動プーリ９３，９３に亘って前後の葉切り搬送ベルト９４，９４を各々巻回し、前記前後の葉切り搬送フレーム９１，９１の下方に前後の葉切り駆動プーリ９３，９３に駆動力を供給する葉切り駆動モータ９５，９５を各々設ける。該前後の葉切り搬送ベルト９４，９４の搬送始端部は、前記前後の根切り搬送ベルト８３，８３の搬送終端部とオーバーラップさせると共に、根切り搬送ベルト８３，８３から玉葱を受けて引き継ぐべく、根切り搬送ベルト８３，８３同士の前後間隔と略同じ、３〜５ｃｍ程度の前後間隔を空けて配置する。
これにより、前後の根切り搬送ベルト８３，８３から前後の葉切り搬送ベルト９４，９４に玉葱が引き継がれると、玉葱は機体左右一側から左右他側に搬送される。
さらに、前記前後の葉切り搬送ベルト９４，９４の巻回域内に駆動力を受けて回転する前後の葉切り伝動プーリ９６，９６を各々設け、該前後の葉切り伝動プーリ９６，９６の回転軸９６ａに、該回転軸９６ａと共に回転する上下長さ調節可能な前後の葉切り伸縮出力軸９７，９７を各々設ける。そして、前記前後の回転軸９６ａ，９６ａの下端部を前後の端部に玉葱の上部に残っている茎葉部を切断する前後の茎葉部切断刃９８，９８を各々装着すると共に、前記前後の回転軸９６ａ，９６ａを葉切り搬送フレーム９１，９１を貫通させて下方に延長する。
また、延長した前後の回転軸９６ａ，９６ａの下端部に側面視でコの字型の葉切り支持プレート９９を設け、該葉切り支持プレート９９の後側端部と機体後側の調整搬送フレーム７９とに上下一対の葉切り平行リンクアーム１００，１００を上下方向に回動自在に設け、該葉切り平行リンクアーム１００，１００を上下方向に回動操作する第２切断位置調節レバー１０１を設け、該第２切断位置調節レバー１０１の後端部を機体後側の調整搬送フレーム７９に形成した上下方向の第２調節孔部７９ｃから機体後方に突出させる。
該第２切断位置調節レバー１０１を操作して葉切り平行リンクアーム１００，１００を上下回動操作すると、葉切り支持プレート９９が連動して上下移動して回転軸９６ａ，９６ａを上下動させ、回転軸９６ａ，９６ａに押し引きされて葉切り伸縮出力軸９７，９７が伸縮することにより、茎葉部切断刃９８，９８の切断位置を上下方向に変更する構成となる。
なお、茎葉部切断刃９８，９８の切断位置は、第２調節孔部７９ｃの上下方向に亘って第２切断位置調節レバー１０１を引掛ける溝部７９ｄ…を複数形成することにより、作業者は任意の茎葉部の切断高さを設定することが可能となる。
これにより、調製搬送装置１０４が構成される。
なお、前記根部切断刃８７，８７の下方は、作業部フレーム２０に空間部を形成し、切断された玉葱の根部が左側のクローラ６Ｌの上部に落下する構成とする。該クローラ６Ｌ上に落下した根部は、クローラ６Ｌの作動に伴い前方に搬送され、クローラ６Ｌの前端部から圃場に落下すると、クローラ６Ｌに踏み潰されて土中にすき込まれる。
そして、前記前後の葉切り搬送ベルト９４，９４及び前後の茎葉部切断刃９８，９８の下方に、切断されて落下する茎葉部を機体後方に排出する茎葉排出シュータ１０５を機体後側に向けて後下がり傾斜姿勢で配置する。該茎葉排出シュータ１０５は、後側の調製搬送フレーム７９から出口部分を突出させる。当然のことながら、その際調製搬送フレーム７９にはシュータ出口孔１０５ａを形成する。
さらに、前記前後の搬送調整フレーム７９，７９の機体左右他側端部で且つ調製搬送装置１０４の搬送終端部に、調製搬送装置１０４の搬送終端部から排出される玉葱を、収容部Ｇに載置するコンテナ等の収容容器１０６に排出する作物排出シュータ１０７を下り傾斜姿勢で配置する。該作物排出シュータ１０７は、前記前後の搬送調整フレーム７９，７９に固定する固定シュータ１０７ａと、該固定シュータ１０７ａから玉葱を受けて排出する下り傾斜姿勢と玉葱の移動を規制する上り傾斜姿勢とに上下回動させて切替可能な回動シュータ１０７ｂで構成する。
そして、前記作業部フレーム２０の後部側で、前記作物搬送コンベア７５の搬送終端部の近傍で、且つ前記調製搬送装置１０４の搬送始端側に、前記貯留ホッパ７７に貯留されている玉葱の選別作業や調製搬送装置１０４への移動作業を行う補助作業者が着座する補助作業座席１０８を設けることにより、調製搬送部Ｆが構成される。
上記構成により、調製搬送装置１０４を収穫部Ｃと収容部Ｇの左右間に配置することにより、引抜搬送装置２４の下方に調製搬送装置１０４の配置スペースを確保する必要が無く、機体の前後方向及び上下方向の大型化を防止できるので、コンパクトな機体構成となり、圃場端で旋回走行しやすく操作性が向上すると共に、面積の狭い圃場でも機体の移動が制限されにくく、作業能率が向上する。
また、調製搬送装置１０４で玉葱を機体左右一側から左右他側に搬送することができるので、他の搬送装置を別途設ける必要がなく、構成が簡潔になると共に、部品点数が削減される。
補助作業者が根部案内バー１０２，１０２に玉葱をセットすると、玉葱の収容部Ｇへの搬送と同時に根部と茎葉部の除去作業を行うことができるので、手作業による根部や茎葉部の除去作業が不要になり、作業能率が向上すると共に、作業者の労力が軽減される。
また、第１切断位置調節レバー９０を操作して根部切断刃８７，８７の切断位置を上下方向に変更させる構成としたことにより、玉葱の根部の長さや玉葱のサイズに合わせて適切な位置で根部を除去することができるので、残った根部を手作業で除去する必要が無く、作業能率が向上すると共に、作業者の労力が軽減される。
さらに、根部切断刃８７，８７が根部だけでなく玉葱の収穫対象部まで切断することを防止できるので、玉葱の商品価値が損なわれることが防止される。
そして、第２切断位置調節レバー１０１を操作して茎葉部切断刃９８，９８の切断位置を上下方向に変更させる構成としたことにより、玉葱の茎葉部の長さや玉葱のサイズに合わせて適切な位置で根部を除去することができるので、残った茎葉部を手作業で除去する必要が無く、作業能率が向上すると共に、作業者の労力が軽減される。
さらに、茎葉部切断刃９８，９８が茎葉部だけでなく玉葱の収穫対象部まで切断することを防止できるので、玉葱の商品価値が損なわれることが防止される。
また、玉葱の乾燥作業等、後工程で茎葉部を玉葱の吊り下げのために残しておく必要があるときには、茎葉部を残す、あるいは茎葉部を切断しないことを選択できるので、様々な作業条件に対応した作業が可能となる。
根部切断刃８７，８７と茎葉部切断刃９８，９８の上下位置調節は、根切り平行リンクアーム８９，８９及び葉切り平行リンクアーム１００，１００で行うことにより、上下位置を変更する際に根部切断刃８７，８７及び茎葉部切断刃９８，９８の切断作用位置が前方や後方に移動することを防止できるので、決まった位置で茎葉部及び根部の除去が行われる。
また、根部や茎葉部の切断位置が変わることが無く、根部や茎葉部を決まった位置から機外に排出することができるので、機体上に残る茎葉部や根部の除去作業が不要となり、掃除に要する時間と労力が軽減される。
根部切断刃８７，８７の下方の作業部フレーム２０に落下空間を形成し、切断された根部が左側のクローラ６Ｌ上に落下する構成としたことにより、根部を前方に運んで圃場に落下させ、このクローラ６Ｌで踏み潰して圃場にすき込むことができるので、根部を手作業で捨てに行く作業が不要となり、作業者の労力が軽減される。
また、右側のクローラ６に踏み潰されながら圃場にすき込まれた根部は、自然分解されて圃場に養分として還元されるので、圃場の栄養分が豊富になり、次の作物栽培が効率よく行えると共に、肥料の使用量が抑えられるため、肥料コストや環境負荷が低減される。茎葉部切断刃９８，９８の下方に、茎葉排出シュータ１０５を機体後側に向けて後下がり傾斜姿勢で配置したことにより、切断された茎葉部を機体後方に落下させて排出することができるので、茎葉部を手作業で捨てに行く作業が不要となり、作業者の労力が軽減される。
また、排出された茎葉部は、自然分解されて圃場に養分として還元されるので、圃場の栄養分が豊富になり、次の作物栽培が効率よく行えると共に、肥料の使用量が抑えられるため、肥料コストや環境負荷が低減される。
さらに、固定シュータ１０７ａに回動シュータ１０７ｂを上下方向に回動自在に取り付けて、作物排出シュータ１０７を構成したことにより、回動シュータ１０７ｂを下方回動させると収容容器１０６に玉葱を排出することができる。一方、収容容器１０６の交換作業を行うときなど、調製搬送装置１０４から玉葱が排出されると不都合であるときは、回動シュータ１０７ｂを上方回動させると固定シュータ１０７ａに玉葱を滞留させることができるので、収容容器１０６の交換作業が容易に行え、作業者の労力が軽減される。
また、収容容器１０６の交換作業中に玉葱が落下し、落下の衝撃で傷付くことが防止されるので、落下した玉葱を拾う作業が不要となり作業能率が向上すると共に、玉葱の商品価値が損なわれることが防止される。
なお、図１５及び図１６で示す通り、前記作物排出シュータ１０７を構成する固定シュータ１０７ａに調製搬送入切スイッチ１１０を設け、回動シュータ１０７ｂを上方回動させて玉葱を固定シュータ１０７ａに滞留させる形態とすると該調製搬送入切スイッチ１１０がオフになり、前後の根切り駆動モータ８４，８４と前後の葉切り駆動モータ９５，９５を停止させる構成とすると、作業能率が向上する。
あるいは、前記前後の根切り駆動モータ８４，８４と前後の葉切り駆動モータ９５，９５を各々停止させる、あるいは一括して停止させる調製搬送操作装置１０９を、補助作業座席１０８の側方に設け、収容容器１０６の交換作業時等、作業者が調製搬送装置１０４を停止させたいときにすぐに停止させる構成としてもよい。
次に、収容部Ｇの構成について説明する。
図２及び図１５、図１６で示すとおり、前記回収フレーム２０の機体左右他側端部に、複数の収容容器１０６…を積載する収容容器載置台１１１を上下回動自在に取り付け、該収容容器載置台１１１の後端部に、空の回収容器１０８を積載する延長載置台１１２を設ける。該延長載置台１１２は、機体前方に回動させると収容容器載置台１１１上に折り畳まれる構成とすると共に、機体後方に回動させると機体後側に若干上方傾斜する姿勢で停止する構成とする。
なお、前記収容容器載置台１１１の最後部が、前記作物排出シュータ１０７の下方に位置し、この部分で収容容器１０６は排出される玉葱を回収する。この部分を、収容作業部１１３とする。
そして、該収容作業部１１３の前部に、一本の従動回転自在な回転軸１１４に装着した左右一対の搬送従動ダブルプーリ１１５，１１５を設け、前記収容容器載置台１１１の前端部に一本の回転自在な駆動回転軸１１６に装着した左右一対の搬送駆動ダブルプーリ１１７，１１７を設ける。さらに、該左右の搬送従動ダブルプーリ１１５，１１５と搬送駆動ダブルプーリ１１７，１１７に亘り、収容容器１０６を機体前側に向かって搬送する二本一組の左右搬送ベルト１１８，１１８、１１８，１１８をそれぞれ巻回する。
また、該左右の搬送ベルト１１８，１１８、１１８，１１８の左右間に、収容容器１０６の搬送を補助する複数の補助搬送ローラ１１９，１１９…を、前後方向に亘って回転自在に設ける。
そして、前記駆動回転軸１１６の左右方向中央部に搬送駆動モータ１２０を設けることにより、回収容器コンベア１２１が構成される。
なお、補助搬送ローラ１１９，１１９…には、ワンウェイクラッチ（図示省略）を設け、機体前側に収容容器１０６を移動させるときのみ回転し、機体後側には回転しない構成とすると、機体が後下がり傾斜したときに収容容器１０６が機体後側に移動することが防止され、玉葱を回収中の収容容器１０６の位置がずれて玉葱が落下することが防止される。これにより、玉葱を拾う作業が不要となり、作業能率が向上すると共に、落下の際に玉葱が傷つくことが防止され、玉葱の商品価値が維持される。
また、前記収容作業部１１３に、収容作業部１１３の前後方向に亘って収容容器１０６がセットされているか否かを検知する回収容器センサ１２２を設ける。該回収容器センサ１２２は、接触式でも構わないが、重量物である玉葱を収容した収容容器１０６が上方に接触したまま前方移動する作業工程があるので、破損防止や誤検知の発生防止の観点から、光センサや超音波センサ等、非接触式とすることが望ましい。
該回収容器センサ１２２が、前後方向全域に亘って収容容器１０６を検知しているときは、収容容器１０６で玉葱を回収している最中である。また、回収作業が終わり、作業者が作物の収容された収容容器１０６を収容容器載置台１１１の前側に向かって移動させ、回収容器センサ１２２の後部側が非検知状態になると、収容容器１０６の移動が開始されたと判断し、搬送駆動モータ１２０を自動的に作動させ、回収容器コンベア１２１で収容容器１０６を機体前側に移動させる。
そして、収容容器１０６が機体前側に移動し、回収容器センサ１２２が前後全域に亘って非検知状態になると、次の収容容器１０６を収容作業部１１３にセット可能になったと判断し、搬送駆動モータ１２０を自動的に停止させ、回収容器コンベア１２１を停止させる。
このとき、作業者が延長載置台１１２から空の回収部材１０６を移動させ、収容作業部１１３の上方を収容容器１０６で覆うと、再度回収容器センサ１２２が前後方向全域に亘って検知状態となる。
空の収容容器１０６が収容作業部１１３にセットされないと、前記作物排出シュータ１０７の回動シュータ１０７ｂを下方回動させて調製搬送入切スイッチ１１０をオンにしても、前後の根切り駆動モータ８４，８４と前後の葉切り駆動モータ９５，９５は作動しない構成とする。
これにより、収容部Ｇが構成される。
上記構成のとおり、作物排出シュータ１０７の下方を収容容器１０６をセットする収容作業部１１３としたことにより、玉葱の排出経路を別途形成する必要が無く、シンプルな構成となると共に、部品点数が削減される。
そして、回収容器コンベア１２１を設けたことにより、玉葱が収容されて重くなった収容容器１０６を機体前側に自動的に搬送することができるので、作業者が収容容器１０６を移動させる距離が短縮され、作業者の労力が軽減されると共に、作業者の労力が軽減される。
また、左右の搬送ベルト１１８，１１８、１１８，１１８を各々二本一組とし、左右の搬送ベルト１１８，１１８、１１８，１１８の左右間に複数の補助搬送ローラ１１９，１１９…を前後方向亘って配置したことにより、重量物である回数容器１０６の搬送中に搬送ベルト１１８，１１８、１１８，１１８が重量で撓んで搬送が停止してしまうことを防止できるので、作業者が収容容器１０６を移動させる必要が無く、作業能率が向上する。
さらに、収容容器載置台１１１を回動させて作業部フレーム２０側に移動させることにより、非作業時には収容部Ｇの幅分だけ機体の左右幅を短くすることができるので、玉葱収穫機をトラックの荷台に積み込む作業や倉庫に格納する際に必要なスペースが抑えられる。
そして、収容容器載置台１１１の後端部に、空の収容容器１０６を積載する延長載置部１１２を設けたことにより、空の収容容器１０６を前に移動させるだけで収容作業部１１３にセットすることができるので、作業能率が向上する。
上記に加えて、延長載置部１１２が機体後側に突出することが防止され、非作業時の玉葱収穫機の前後幅が抑えられ、玉葱収穫機をトラックの荷台に積み込む作業や倉庫に格納する際に必要なスペースがいっそう抑えられる。
また、延長載置部１１２を機体後方に回動させる際、収容容器載置台１１１の底面から若干後上がり傾斜姿勢となる位置で停止する構成とすると、延長載置部１１２から機体前側に滑り降りようとする空の収容容器１０６の前部は、収容作業部１１３で玉葱を回収中の収容容器１０６の後部に押さえられた状態になるので、収容作業部１１３から収容容器１０６を機体前側に移動させると自動的に空の収容容器１０６が収容作業部１１３に移動してくる構成となり、空の収容容器１０６を収容作業部１１３にセットする作業が容易になり、作業能率が向上する。
さらに、収容作業部１１３に収容容器１０６の有無を検知する回収容器センサ１２２を設け、この回収容器センサ１２２の後部側が非検知状態になると搬送駆動モータ１２０が自動的に作動すると共に、回収容器センサ１２２が全域に亘って収容容器１０６を検知しなくなると搬送駆動モータ１２０が自動的に停止する構成としたことにより、回収容器コンベア１２１を常時駆動させる必要が無く、電力や燃料の消費が抑えられ、省エネ効果が向上する。
そして、回収容器センサ１２２が全域に亘って収容容器１０６を検知しないと、回動シュータ１０７ｂを下方回動させて調製搬送入切スイッチ１１０をオフにしても根切り駆動モータ８４，８４と前後の葉切り駆動モータ９５，９５は作動しない構成としたことにより、収容容器１０６が収容作業部１１３にセットされていない状態で調製搬送装置１０４から玉葱が排出されることを防止できるので、落下した玉葱を回収する作業が不要となり作業能率が向上すると共に、落下の際に玉葱が傷つくことが防止され、玉葱の商品価値が維持される。
以下、本件玉葱収穫機の別実施例を説明する。
図１７、図１８で示すとおり、前記機体内側（左右他側）の従動プーリ１６の回転軸の上端部に入力プーリ１７１を装着すると共に、該入力プーリ１７１の上部に掻き込みカバー１７２を斜め前方に突出させて設ける。そして、該掻き込みカバー１７２の前端部に入力プーリ１７１よりも径の小さな出力プーリ１７３を回転自在に装着し、該出力プーリ１７３と入力プーリ１７１に掻き込みベルト１７４を巻回することにより、補助掻込装置１７６が構成される。
該掻き込みベルト１７４には所定間隔毎にゴム等の弾性体で構成する掻き込みラグ１７４ａ…を設け、複数の掻き込みラグ１７４ａ…で地表付近に垂れている茎葉部を引抜搬送装置２４の搬送始端部に案内する。
なお、前記入力プーリ１７１には貫通孔を形成し、この貫通孔を通じて駆動ピン１７５を挿し込み、該駆動ピン１７５が機体内側の従動プーリ１６に接触すると、従動プーリ１６の回転に連動して入力プーリ１７１が回転する構成とする。前記駆動ピン１７５を入力プーリ１７１から外す、もしくは従動プーリ１６に接触しない位置に移動させると、従動プーリ１６は回転するが、入力プーリ１７１は回転しない。
前記駆動ピン１７５は、スプリング等を噛み込ませて一度押し込むと入力プーリ１７１が連動回転し、再度押し込むと入力プーリ１７１が回転しない状態となる構成、あるいは貫通孔に雌螺子溝を形成すると共に駆動ピン１７５の表面に雄螺子溝を形成し、締め込むと入力プーリ１７１が連動回転し、緩めると回転しなくなる構成とすると、駆動ピン１７５を入力プーリ１７１から完全に取り外すことなく連動回転を解除することができるので、駆動ピン１７５を無くすことが防止される。
そして、前記機体内側の従動プーリ１６の回転軸の下端部には、前記分草ロッド１５７を機体前側に突出させて配置する。該分草ロッド１５７は、取付基部にボルト等の固定部材１７７を挿し込み可能な穴部を形成し、この穴部に固定部材１７７を挿し込むと固定状態となり、固定部材１７７を外すと左右方向に回動して分草角度を調節可能な構成とする。
なお、入力プーリ１７１を従動プーリ１６と連動回転する状態であるとき、該固定部材１７７を外して分草ロッド１５７を回動させると、入力プーリ１７１が連動回転して補助掻込装置１７６が回動する構成としてもよい。この構成により、非作業時には補助掻込装置１７６を引抜搬送装置２４の下部で且つ左右幅内に収納することができるので、収納場所に補助掻込装置１７６が接触し続けて歪むことが防止されるため、掻き込み性能が維持される。
さらに、前記出力プーリ１７３の回転軸の下端部に、複数の突起爪または円盤を中心に外周部に複数の突起を設けた掻き込みディスク１７８を設け、該掻き込みディスク１７８の下側の面、即ち圃場に近接する側を球面状に形成する。この球面部または掻き込みディスク１７８全体は、摩擦力がかかっても傷付きにくい特性を有する合成樹脂で構成すると、耐久性が向上するので効果が長持ちする。
上記の構成により、縦引起し装置２５と横引起し装置２６に引き起こされず地表に垂れ下がっている茎葉部を補助掻込装置１７６で掻き込み、引抜搬送装置２４に案内することができるので、より多くの茎葉部を挟持して玉葱を引き抜くことができるので、抜き残される玉葱が減少し、作業能率が向上する。
また、補助掻込装置１７６を、先に玉葱を収穫し終えた既掘り側が位置する、機体内側の従動プーリ１６に設けたことにより、現在引抜収穫作業を行っている玉葱の茎葉部のみを掻き込むことができるので、収穫されていない玉葱の茎葉部を巻き込んで圃場から引き抜き、次の作業時に引抜搬送装置２４で玉葱が引き抜けず、抜き残し玉葱が発生することが防止される。
そして、補助掻込装置１７６の駆動力を引抜搬送装置２４の従動プーリ１６から得ることにより、別の伝動経路を形成する必要が無く、機体構成が簡潔になり、部品点数が削減される。
さらに、駆動ピン１７５の着脱によって入力プーリ１７１が従動プーリ１６と連動回転するか否かを切り替えることができるので、夏場等玉葱の茎葉部が繁茂している時など、未掘り側の玉葱の茎葉部を巻き込みかねない作業条件では補助掻込装置１７６を使用しないこともできるので、対応可能な作業条件が増え、作業能率が向上する。
また、従動プーリ１６の下部に掻き込みディスク１７８を設けたことにより、地表面に伏せている茎葉部も掻き上げることができるので、茎葉部の引き抜きがいっそう確実になり、抜き残し玉葱を行う必要が無くなり、作業能率が向上する。
そして、この掻き込みディスク１７８の下面を球面状に形成したことにより、掻き込みディスク１７８は圃場面に沿って滑走する構成となるため、引抜搬送装置２４の引抜作業高さが変更されることがなく、引抜作業の精度が向上する。
さらに、分草ロッド１５７を回動させると掻き込みカバー１７２を連動して回動可能に構成したことにより、補助掻込装置１７６の作業角度を変更することができるので、茎葉部の状態に合わせて角度を調節して掻き込み作業を行えるため、茎葉部の掻き込み作業能率が向上する。
図１９で示すとおり、左右の条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１を鉤型とし、該条数調節フレーム１５１の前部側で且つ内側部に前側ロック部１８１を形成すると共に、条数調節フレーム１５１の後部側に後側ロック部１８２を形成する。そして、該前側ロック部１８１から後側ロック部１８２の前後長さと略同じ前後長さの挟持スライドフレーム１８３を左右の引抜フレーム１５，１５に前後方向にスライド自在に設け、該左右の挟持スライドフレーム１８３，１８３に、引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８を押圧する押圧テンションローラ１８４…を複数、回転自在に配置する。さらに、左右の挟持スライドフレーム１８３，１８３には、後方にスライドさせた際に後側ロック部１８２，１８２に引っ掛かる、ストッパ溝１８３ａを切り欠いている。
また、該左右の挟持スライドフレーム１８３，１８３の後部には作業者が挟持スライドフレーム１８３，１８３を前後スライドさせる操作グリップ１８５をそれぞれ設けると共に、挟持スライドフレーム１８３，１８３の後端部と引抜フレーム１５，１５に設ける固定板１８６，１８６との間に、挟持スライドフレーム１８３，１８３を機体後側に引っ張る引張スプリング１８７をそれぞれ配置して、条数変更機構１８８，１８８を構成する。
該条数変更機構１８８は、挟持スライドフレーム１８３を前側ロック部１８１から後側ロック部１８２の間に位置させてロックした状態とすると、条数調節フレーム１５１が引抜搬送経路Ｒに対して略平行姿勢となると共に、複数の押圧テンションローラ１８４…が引抜搬送ベルト１８の前端部寄りの位置を押圧するので、左右の引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８が密接し合い、１条掘り形態となる。
一方、操作グリップ１８５を掴み、後側ロック部１８２を条数調節フレーム１５１が乗り越えられる力で後側に引っ張ると、左右の条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１が搬送始端部側ほど離間すると共に、左右の引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８が密接し始める位置で複数の押圧テンションローラ１８４…が左右の引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８を押圧するので、搬送始端部付近に左右間隔部が形成されて２条分の玉葱の茎葉部が案内可能となり、２条掘り形態となる。
この挟持スライドフレーム１８３の操作では、作業者は少なくとも後側ロック部１８２を乗り越えられる力で操作する必要があるが、引張スプリング１８７が挟持スライドフレーム１８３を後方に付勢していることにより、比較的軽い力で操作が可能となっている。これにより、作業者の労力が軽減されるが、圃場の凹凸や玉葱の周囲の土を左右の振動ソイラ３４，３４で掘り起こす際、機体に振動が生じると、挟持スライドフレーム１８３が後側ロック部１８２を乗り越え、掘取条数が突然変わるおそれがある。これを防止すべく、条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１の回動を規制するロック状態と、条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１の回動規制を解除する非ロック状態を切り替える、ロックハンドル１８９，１８９を設け、該ロックハンドル１８９，１８９を解除操作しないと条数調節フレーム１５１，１５１が回動せず、挟持スライドフレーム１８３，１８３が後方に移動できない構成とする。
上記の構成により、挟持スライドフレーム１８３，１８３を前後移動させて１条掘りと２条掘りを変更することにより、挟持スライドフレーム１８３，１８３に設けた押圧テンションローラ１８４…で引抜搬送ベルト１８，１８を押圧して掘取条数を変更することができるので、押圧テンションローラ１８４…の数が削減され、コストダウンが図られる。
また、挟持スライドフレーム１８３に後側ロック部１８２に引っ掛かるストッパ溝１８３ａを形成したことにより、ストッパ溝１８３ａが後側ロック部１８２に引っ掛かるまで挟持スライドフレーム１８３を操作すると、２条掘り形態に最適な位置となるので、２条分の茎葉部を引抜搬送装置２４で確実に引き抜くことができると共に、茎葉部が引抜搬送始端部に詰まることが防止され、作業能率が向上する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 16, an onion harvester, which is a kind of a crop harvester shown as one of the embodiments, includes a traveling unit A that travels the aircraft, a control unit B on which a pilot rides, From the harvesting part C that pulls out the onion from the field on the side and transports it to the upper rear side of the machine, the foliage cutting part D that cuts the foliage part while taking the onion from the harvesting part C and transporting it to the rear of the machine, and the foliage cutting part D Temporary storage part E for storing the onion that has fallen, and when the worker moves the onion stored in the temporary storage part E, the foliage and roots that remain in the onion while transporting the onion from the left and right sides of the machine to the other side And a storage part G in which a storage member for the onion discharged from the adjustment transport part F is arranged.
In this case, in the plan view, the right side with respect to the advancing direction of the aircraft is referred to as the left and right sides of the aircraft, and the left side with respect to the advancing direction of the aircraft is referred to as the other sides of the aircraft. Details of each part will be specifically described below.
First, the configuration of the traveling unit A will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, below the main frame 1, the left and right drive sprockets 2 and 2 on the front side of the fuselage, the left and right driven wheels 3 and 3 on the rear side of the fuselage, and the left and right drive sprockets 2 and 2 Left and right belts 5, 5 are wound around a plurality of wheels 4, 4... Attached between the moving wheels 3, 3 to constitute left and right crawlers 6 </ b> L, 6 </ b> R. The left and right drive sprockets 2 and 2 of the left and right crawlers 6L and 6R are attached to left and right drive shafts 9 and 9 extending from the transmission case 8 where the power of the engine 7 is transmitted to the left and right sides. The left and right crawlers 6L and 6R are attached to the main frame 1.
Next, the configuration of the control unit B will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a control unit frame 10 is attached to the upper right portion of the main frame 1, a control seat 11 is attached to the control unit frame 10, and a control panel 12 is attached to the front side of the aircraft. Then, a shift operation lever 13 for switching the forward / backward movement and traveling speed of the aircraft is attached to the control panel 12, and an elevation operation lever 14 for operating the left / right turning operation of the aircraft and the working height of the harvesting section C is attached.
Further, by attaching a radiator cover 10a that protects a radiator (not shown) for cooling the engine 7 to the left and right other sides (right side of the body) of the control unit frame 10 and that takes in cooling air. The control unit B is configured.
With the above-described configuration, by providing a control member that can perform a plurality of operations by one, such as the speed change operation lever 13 and the lifting operation lever 14, the operation of the airframe is facilitated, so that the operator's work can be reduced. .
Next, the configuration of the harvesting unit C will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 4, 5 (a) and 5 (b), a strip adjustment frame 151 that is rotatable in the left-right direction is provided on the conveyance start end side of the left and right pull-out frames 15, 15, respectively. The left and right driven pulleys 16 and 16 are rotatably attached to the front end portions of the frames 151 and 151. The rotation fulcrum of the left and right strip number adjusting frames 151 and 151 is provided in front of the rear ends of the strip number adjusting frames 151 and 151 and on the side opposite to the side where the onion stems and leaves are sandwiched. And the number switching which switches the number of pulling-out of the onion to one or two by rotating the number adjustment frame 151,151 closer to the conveyance start end side than the rotation fulcrum of the number adjustment frame 151,151 The levers 152 and 152 are provided so as to be freely rotatable.
When the strip number switching levers 152 and 152 are operated in a direction projecting to the left and right outer ends of the harvesting section C, the strip number switching levers 152 and 152 are unlocked, and the strip number adjusting frames 151 and 151 are rotated. It becomes possible to change the number of strips to be drawn, and when operated in a direction that fits within the left and right width of the harvesting section C, the lower ends of the strip number switching levers 152 and 152 come into contact with the pulling frames 15 and 15 and are locked. It becomes a state and it is set as the structure which prevents that the number of strips switches during work.
If the rotation range of the left and right strip number adjustment frames 151 and 151 is about 90 degrees, the locked state and the unlocked state can be easily understood, so that the operability is improved.
In addition, left and right drive pulleys 17, 17 that are rotated by receiving a driving force of a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (not shown) are provided on the conveyance end side of the left and right pull-out frames 15, 15, 17 and the left and right driven pulleys 16 and 16 are wound around pull-out conveyor belts 18 and 18 which are pulled out by sandwiching the stems and leaves of the onion from the left and right, respectively, and in contact with the left and right pull-out conveyor belts 18 and 18. A plurality of tension rollers 19 that prevent the occurrence of looseness are rotatably arranged. The left and right drawing / conveying belts 18 and 18 form the onion drawing / conveying path R by bringing the inner surfaces of the machine body into contact with each other. Further, the left and right pulling conveyor belts 18 and 18 are moved rearwardly from the pivot point of the left and right strip adjusting frames 151 and 151 when the left and right strip adjusting frames 151 and 151 are operated to the two pulling positions. The number-of-strip-switching tension rollers 153 and 153 that change the left-right distance of the pulling and conveying start end to two are attached in a freely rotating manner. A plurality of front tension rollers 154, 154... For rotating the left and right pulling conveying belts 18, 18 on the drawing conveying start end side from the inside are provided in front of the left and right strip number switching tension rollers 153, 153, respectively. . Further, among the left and right strip number adjusting frames 151 and 151, extending frames 151a and 151a are attached to the rear side of the left and right strip number switching tension rollers 153 and 153 and on the drawing conveyance path R side, and the left and right strip extension frames are attached. A plurality of rear tensions that increase the clamping force by contacting and pressing the pulling conveying belts 18 and 18 when the number adjusting frames 151 and 151 are operated to the two pulling positions in the longitudinal direction of the installation frames 151a and 151a. Rollers 155, 155,... Are rotatably provided.
If the left and right rear tension rollers 155, 155,... Are arranged with their mounting positions shifted alternately to the left and right, a strong clamping force may be generated on the starting end side of the pulling conveyance path R when pulling out two strips. As a result, it is possible to prevent the onion from being missed and to improve the work efficiency. At the rear of the left and right extending frames 151a and 151a, base portions of L-shaped support frames 151b and 151b are provided in a plan view, and the end portions of the left and right support frames 151b and 151b are provided with a number adjusting frame. 151 and 151 are arranged so as to protrude outward from the winding region of the pulling conveyor belts 18 and 18 regardless of whether the single pulling position or the two pulling position is selected. Then, the outer tension rollers 156 that press the pulling conveyor belts 18 and 18 from the outside of the winding area to the ends of the left and right support frames 151b and 151b to suppress the slack in the left and right directions of the pulling conveyor belts 18 and 18. 156 is rotatably provided.
If the mounting positions of the left and right outer tension rollers 156, 156 are shifted in the front-rear direction in accordance with the arrangement of the rear tension rollers 155, 155, the clamping force applied to the pulling conveying belts 18, 18 can be Since they are almost the same, the onion stems and leaves can be grasped in a well-balanced manner, so that the onion is reliably pulled out and the work efficiency is improved.
Further, on the front end portions of the left and right strip number adjusting frames 151 and 151 and on the lower surface side, the stems and leaves of the onions that are not lifted by the vertical elevating device 25 and the horizontal elevating device 26, which will be described later, are hanging down in the field scene. The weeding rods 157 and 157 for scraping are arranged facing forward. The left and right weed rods 157 and 157 are arranged in an eight-character shape in plan view with a wider left and right width toward the front of the machine body, and the mounting position can be changed in the front-rear direction so that the protrusion amount can be adjusted. It is configured to be adjustable by adjusting the scraping width.
In addition, if the amount of protrusions that can be adjusted is about 50 to 100 mm, which corresponds to the average value of the front-to-back distance between onions planted in the field, excess foliage will not be lifted, and tangles of the foliage can be reliably prevented. In addition, it is prevented that the onions are pulled out before the foliage is pulled and the onions are clamped, so that it is not necessary to collect the onions left in the field, and the work efficiency is improved.
Further, when the adjustable turning amount is about 20 mm to 40 mm corresponding to the average radius of the onion, the onion is prevented from coming into contact with the weed rods 157 and 157 and being damaged, and the onion of the adjacent strip Therefore, it is possible to prevent the onion of the adjacent strip from being pulled out of the soil and the pulling and conveying device 24 from being able to hold the onion during the next pulling operation.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a working unit frame 20 that is pivotable in the vertical direction is attached to the upper side of the machine body frame 1 with the left and right horizontal shafts 21 as pivotal fulcrums. A transmission case 22 for transmitting a driving force to the left and right drive pulleys 17 and 17 is attached so as to be rotatable up and down around the rotation fulcrum X. Further, the body frame 1 and the working unit frame 20 are connected by an elevating cylinder 23, and the elevating cylinder 23 is operably attached by a control unit B to constitute a pulling and conveying device 24.
The transmission case 22 supplies driving force not only to the pulling / conveying device 24 but also to the alignment devices 54L and 54R, the leaf discharge conveying device 65, and the remaining leaf conveying device 70 described later.
Further, a vertical elevating device 25 for causing the onion stems and leaves and a horizontal elevating device 26 for scooping up the stems and leaves caused by the vertical elevating device 25 are provided in front of the drawing and conveying device 24, and the horizontal elevating device is provided. At the front part of the device 26, the weed basket 27 and the lower end of the telescopic rod 30 that expands and contracts when the handle 29 is turned, are grounded to the field scene and prevent contact with the field of the drawing and conveying device 24. A gauge ring 31 is provided.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5A and 5B, a branch transmission case 28 that obtains a driving force from the engine 7 and supplies the driving force to the longitudinal pulling device 25 is provided at the front portion of the working unit frame 20. At the end of the output shaft 28a of the branch transmission case 28, a tapered eccentric cam 28b is eccentrically attached to the end of the output shaft 28a. Then, a base of a vibration rod 32 that vibrates up and down and left and right by the rotation of the eccentric cam 28b is mounted, a spherical joint (pillar ball) 32a is provided at the end of the vibration rod 32, and a slide bush 33a is attached to the spherical joint 32a. The rear side of the left and right vibration frame 33 is pivotably attached. A boot cover 33b is provided at the end of the slide bush 33a to prevent foreign matters such as mud and leaf dust from entering the slide bush 33a and the spherical joint 32a.
Further, a transmission shaft 33c is provided on the slide bush 33a, and the rear side of the left and right vibration frame 33 is rotatably provided at one end of the left and right sides of the transmission shaft 33c. Also, the left and right vibrating frames 33, 33 are in a downwardly inclined posture, and their front end portions are attached to the working unit frame 20, and the left and right soils of the onion are vibrated in the front and rear intermediate portions of the left and right vibrating frames 33, 33. The left and right vibration soilers 34, 34, which are solved by the above, are attached via fixing members such as bolts and nuts. The left and right vibrating frames 33 and 33 and the left and right vibrating sores 34 and 34 are formed with a plurality of mounting holes for attaching fixing members so that the arrangement can be adjusted according to the field conditions, work time, and onion varieties. doing.
The left and right mud bodies 34a, 34a that contact the onion being transported by the pulling / conveying device 24 and remove the mud adhering to the surface of the left and right mud bodies 34a, 34a on the rear side of the body relative to the mounting portions of the vibrating soilers 34, 34 And a bottom cutting device 35 that cuts the beard root extending to the lower end of the onion being transported by the pulling / conveying device 24 is provided below the pulling / conveying path R to constitute the harvesting portion C.
With the above configuration, one pulling and two digging of onions can be selectively performed with one drawing and conveying device 24, so that it is possible to cope with various working conditions with one onion harvester.
Since the adjustment of the single digging and the double digging can be performed only by operating the number switching levers 152 and 152, the switching operation of the number of digging items is easy, and the work efficiency is improved.
The left and right strip number switching tension rollers 153 and 153 are configured to come into contact with the pulling and conveying belts 18 and 18 when the left and right strip number adjusting frames 151 and 151 are rotated to the two digging positions. Since the distance between the left and right ends of the conveying start end of the device 24 can be widened, the stems and leaves of the two buds can be pulled out after being guided by the left and right intervals, and it is prevented from failing to grasp the leaves and leaves. Therefore, it is not necessary to collect the remaining onion.
Further, rear tension rollers 155, 155,... Are provided on the extension frames 151a, 151a provided at the rear portions of the left and right strip number adjusting frames 151, 151, and the left and right strip number adjusting frames 151, 151 are turned to the two digging positions. Since it is configured to come into contact with the pulling and conveying belts 18 and 18 when the moving operation is performed, the clamping force at the rear position of the left and right strip number switching tension rollers 153 and 153 can be strengthened, and thus has been guided to the left and right spacing portions. The foliage portion can be securely grasped and pulled out, and the onion residue can be prevented more reliably.
On the other hand, when digging one strip, the number of tension switching rollers 153, 153 and the rear tension rollers 155, 155... Since it is prevented from becoming too much, strong pinching force continues to be applied, the foliage part is crushed and the root part of the onion is prevented from falling in the middle of transportation, and the work of collecting the onion is not necessary and The labor is reduced, and the onion is prevented from being damaged by the impact of falling, and the commercial value of the onion is maintained.
Furthermore, by providing the left and right outer tension rollers 156 and 156 that press the pulling and conveying belts 18 and 18 from the outside, it is possible to prevent the drawing and conveying belts 18 and 18 from loosening and spreading outward. Since the pulling and conveying belts 18 and 18 are prevented from coming into contact with a cover (not shown) and being worn away and coming off at the time of contact, the durability of the drawing and conveying belts 18 and 18 is improved.
Then, by providing the horizontal elevating device 26 having the weed pod 27 and the vertical elevating device 25 on the front side of the machine body, the harvesting operation can be performed while picking up the stems and leaves of the fallen onion in the field, and the visibility of the onion to be harvested Therefore, the extraction position is easy to adjust, and the work efficiency is improved because the crop residue is reduced.
In addition, a taper-shaped eccentric cam 28b is mounted on the output shaft 28a of the branch transmission case 28, and a vibration rod 32 is provided on the eccentric cam 28b so as to vibrate up and down and left and right. Since it can be solved more finely by vibrations not only in the vertical direction but also in the horizontal direction, the onion is reliably pulled out by the pulling / conveying device 24 to prevent the occurrence of undrawn parts, and the work of harvesting the leftover onion becomes unnecessary. The efficiency is improved and the labor of the worker is reduced.
Then, a spherical joint 32a is provided at the end of the vibration rod 32, and the left and right vibration frames 33 are provided on the spherical joint 32a via the slide bush 33a. Can be spread out, so that the soil around the onion can be further unraveled, and the amount of onion left over can be reduced.
In addition to this, since the load generated during left and right vibrations is reduced, the durability of the vibration rod 32 and the vibration frame 33 is improved.
Furthermore, the left and right vibration frame 33 is provided via the transmission shaft 33c, and the left and right vibration frame 33 is not provided with the spherical joint 32a or the slide bush 33a. Since the soil is unraveled only by the vibrations of the upper and lower sides), the resistance applied to the vibration sour 34 on the hard soil side is reduced, and the durability of the vibration sour 34 and the vibration frame 33 is improved. In addition, the vibration soliters 34 on the left and right sides that vibrate in the vertical and horizontal directions have already been dug up and the soil on the soft side (excavated side) is unraveled, so the load is relatively small and there is a problem with durability. Will not occur.
Since the left and right mud dropping bodies 34a and 34a are provided, the mud adhering to the onion being transported can be removed, so that the time required for cleaning the machine body is shortened and the maintainability is improved. Since the operator and the sorting operator can visually check the onion for abnormalities such as the shape and scratches, the onion sorting accuracy is improved.
Further, by providing the gauge ring 31 at the lower end of the telescopic rod 30 that expands and contracts vertically when the handle 29 is turned, if the gauge ring 31 is brought into contact with the farm scene, the pulling and conveying device 24 will not be lowered any further. It is possible to prevent the lower end portion of the pulling / conveying device 24 from coming into contact with the field scene and being damaged due to an erroneous operation or unexpected ground irregularities.
Then, the body frame 9 and the working unit frame 20 that can be rotated in the vertical direction are connected by a lifting cylinder 23 with the left and right horizontal shaft 21 as a pivot, and the lifting cylinder 23 is operated by the lifting operation lever 14 of the control unit B. With this configuration, the vertical height of the entire harvesting section C can be adjusted by operating the lifting operation lever 14, so that the position of the pulling and conveying start end of the harvesting section C is adjusted in the vertical direction. At the same time, the position of the pulling conveyance start end can be adjusted in accordance with the appropriate pulling height of the onion vegetated on the field, and the onion of the onion is prevented, so that the work efficiency is improved.
Further, if the harvesting section C is raised during turning, the lower end of the harvesting section C is less likely to come into contact with the field, so that the turning operation is performed smoothly and the work efficiency is improved.
Next, the foliage cutting part D will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6 to 10, left and right transmission shafts 36, 36 for transmitting a driving force are attached to the transmission case 22, and left and right transmission cases 37, 37 are mounted on the left and right transmission shafts 36, 36. At the same time, left and right first gear units 38, 38 configured by engaging a plurality of gears in the left and right transmission cases 37, 37 are attached toward the front side of the machine body. Further, left and right second gear units 39 and 39 are attached to the left and right transmission shafts 36 and 36 inside the transmission case 22 toward the rear side of the machine body, and left and right second gear units 39 and 39 are attached to the rear end portions of the left and right second gear units 39 and 39, respectively. The first output shafts 40 and 40 are attached to the upper side of the machine body.
The left and right second output shafts 41 and 41 are attached to the front ends of the left and right first gear units 38 and 38 toward the lower side of the fuselage, and the left and right second output shafts 41 and 41 are aligned to the left and right. Drive sprockets 42 and 42 are attached to the shaft. Further, left and right alignment frames 43 and 43 having an L-shape in side view are attached to the front and lower portions of the left and right transmission cases 37 and 37, and holes 44 and 44 in the lateral direction of the machine body are formed in the alignment frames 43 and 43. The left and right rotation shafts 46 and 46 are attached to the holes 44 and 44, with the left and right alignment driven sprockets 45 and 45 being pivotally attached thereto. Further, the left and right alignment tension sprockets 47, 47 are rotatable between the front and rear of the alignment driven sprockets 45, 45 and the alignment drive sprockets 42, 42, and at the inner side of the body relative to the alignment drive sprockets 42, 42. Install. Further, left and right alignment chains 48, 48 are wound endlessly around the alignment tension sprockets 47, 47, the alignment drive sprockets 42, 42, and the alignment driven sprockets 45, 45. A plurality of chain covers 51, 51... Are attached to the left and right alignment chains 48, 48 over the entire area of the alignment chains 48, 48 so as to cover the upper and lower sides of the alignment chains 48, 48 and the conveyance path side. Thus, the stems and leaves can be cut into contact with the alignment chains 48, 48, and the onion can be prevented from falling downward during the conveyance of the drawing / conveying device 24.
The alignment drive sprockets 42, 42 may have a smaller diameter than the alignment driven sprockets 45, 45 and the alignment tension sprockets 47, 47.
Then, left and right receiving plates 49, 49 are attached to the transmission cases 37, 37 so that their positions can be adjusted in the front-rear direction, and the alignment driven sprocket 45 is interposed between the receiving plates 49, 49 and the alignment frames 43, 43. , 45 are attached to the right and left biasing springs 50, 50 for absorbing slack generated in the alignment chains 48, 48. The urging springs 50 and 50 can change the receiving plate 49 and force, and can be changed according to the type and growth state of the onion, and the average thickness of the foliage part, thereby responding to various working conditions. can do.
The left and right alignment frames 43, 43 are formed with holes 44, 44 in the left-right direction of the fuselage, and the rotation shafts 46, 46 of the alignment driven sprockets 45, 45 are provided through the holes 44, 44. As a result, it is possible to adjust the position by moving the aligned sprockets 45, 45 in the left-right direction. Therefore, when not working and when the foliage is not passing or when the foliage with a small diameter passes, the alignment is performed. The driven sprockets 47, 47 are pressed by the biasing springs 50, 50 to the front side and toward the inner side of the machine body, and when the large diameter foliage passes, the aligned sprockets 47, 47 are moved to the outer side of the machine body. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the large-diameter foliage portion from being bitten, and it is not necessary to remove the bitten foliage portion, thereby improving work efficiency.
In addition, the left-right distance from the conveyance start end side to the conveyance end side of the alignment device 54 is substantially linear only when a large-diameter foliage is passed through and a load is applied. The left and right intervals of the aligning device are widened from the conveyance start end side toward the conveyance end side, and the onion passing through the left and right interval of the alignment device 54 can be prevented from wobbling in the left and right direction, and the cutting position alignment of the onion stems and leaves is aligned. Done properly.
Furthermore, the large diameter foliage part cannot pass between the right and left of the alignment device 54, the cutting position of the onion foliage part can be prevented from rising too much, and the foliage part can be prevented from remaining in the root part, and this foliage part is removed by post-processing. Work is not required, the work efficiency is improved, and the onion is prevented from being lifted too much and the root portion is prevented from being cut by the foliage cutting device 61 described later, so that the onion is not damaged and the commercial value is improved. .
Then, the alignment chains 48, 48 are placed in the winding area of the alignment chains 48, 48 and between the alignment driven sprockets 45, 45 and the alignment tension sprockets 47, 47 from the winding area to the foliage contact surface. The left and right tension plates 53, 53 that are pressed toward the left and right are attached so that the position of the left and right tension plates can be adjusted in the left-right direction of the machine body.
The tension plates 53 and 53 are formed with elongated holes in the transmission cases 37 and 37, and the mounting shafts 53a and 53a are attached to the position adjustment by detachable members such as bolts, and a plate is attached to the ends of the mounting shafts 53a and 53a. The bodies 53b and 53b are welded.
The tension plates 53 and 53 may be provided at a position substantially parallel to the alignment device 54. However, when the tension plate 52 is provided on the front side of the alignment device 53 on the outside of the machine body, the tension of the alignment device 53 on the inside of the machine body. If the plate 52 is provided on the rear side of the machine body relative to the tension plate 52 of the alignment device 53, the large diameter foliage is positioned on the side where the tension plate 52 or the tension plate 52 is not present when passing between the left and right of the alignment device 54. Since the alignment chain 48 and the alignment guide body 52 move, it can be prevented from being bitten by the alignment device 54 even if the diameter of the onion foliage is large, and the jammed foliage is removed by stopping the machine. There is no need to improve work efficiency.
In addition, if the tension of the tension plates 53 and 53 is set to be weaker than the tension of the urging springs 50 and 50, the alignment chains 48 and 48 will be in an appropriate position when the large-diameter foliage passes and a load is applied. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the position alignment device 54 from being bitten, and it is not necessary to stop the machine body and remove the bitten foliage, thereby improving work efficiency.
Then, elongated holes are formed in the transmission cases 37, 37 in the vicinity of the alignment drive sprockets 42, 42 and outside the alignment guide bodies 52, 52, and the surfaces of the alignment guide bodies 52, 52 are formed in the elongated holes. The left and right scrapers 55 and 55 for removing pieces and mud of the foliage adhering to the head are attached along the locus of the alignment guide bodies 52 and 52 at the time of position adjustment.
By arranging the scrapers 55 and 55 in a rearward downward inclined posture, it becomes easy to drop the cut ends of the foliage and mud downward.
9 and 10, the left and right second output shafts 41 and 41 are extended downward, and the left and right second output shafts 41 and 41 are provided with left and right auxiliary input shafts 201 and 201, respectively. Are attached via the couplings 202 and 202. The left and right auxiliary input shafts 201 and 201 do not rotate differently from the rotation of the left and right second output shafts 41 and 41 due to a spline structure or the like. The left and right couplings 202 and 202 include balls and springs (not shown), and the left and right auxiliary input shafts 201 and 201 are adjusted in the vertical direction by rotating the left and right couplings 202 and 202. Configure as possible. Left and right auxiliary drive sprockets 203 and 203 are mounted on the lower ends of the left and right auxiliary input shafts 201 and 201, respectively.
Further, left and right auxiliary support frames 204 and 204 having holes formed through the left and right auxiliary input shafts 201 and 201 are provided above the left and right auxiliary drive sprockets 203 and 203 toward the front side of the machine body. In order to prevent the left and right auxiliary support frames 204, 204 from rotating in conjunction with the rotation of the left and right auxiliary input shafts 201, 201, bearings (not shown) receive the left and right auxiliary input shafts 201, 201 in the holes. (Omitted). The left and right auxiliary support frames 204, 204 are respectively provided with attachment plates 205, 205 for attaching elastic springs 206 at the lower front ends thereof. The front ends of the left and right springs 206, 206 have left and right moving shafts 207, Each of the lower ends of 207 is attached.
The upper end portions of the left and right moving shafts 207, 207 are respectively provided with rear portions of the left and right slide frames 208, 208 that are slidable in the front-rear direction, and the left and right auxiliary output shafts 209 that are attached to the left and right slide frames 208, respectively. , 209 are attached. Furthermore, left and right slide pins 211 and 211 are provided at the rear ends of the left and right slide frames 208 and 208, respectively, and left and right guide rails 212 and 212 are formed with notched grooves 212a into which the left and right slide pins 211 and 211 are inserted. Provided between the rear ends of the slide frames 208, 208 and the left and right transmission cases 37, 37. The left and right guide rails 212 and 212 are set to have the same rearward and upward inclination posture as that of the pulling and conveying device 24, and the inclination angle is also set to be the same.
In addition, the left and right auxiliary driven sprockets 210 and 210 and the left and right auxiliary drive sprockets 203 and 203 are wound around the left and right auxiliary alignment chains 211 and 211, respectively, so that the cutting positions of the onion stems and leaves are aligned. An auxiliary alignment device 213 is configured. The left and right auxiliary alignment chains 211 and 211 have a plurality of chain covers 51, 51... As in the left and right alignment chains 48 and 48 constituting the alignment device 54. As a result, it is possible to prevent the onion from falling downward during the conveyance of the pulling and conveying device 24.
In the above configuration, when the vertical position of the auxiliary position aligning device 213 is changed, the front end side moves back and forth, and the position of the rear end does not change. For example, it is connected to the left and right second output shafts 41 and 41. The left and right auxiliary input shafts 201 and 201 are bendable rotary shafts such as universal joints, the auxiliary drive sprockets 203 and 203 are configured to be movable rearward, and the auxiliary driven sprockets 210 and 210 are configured not to move in the front-rear direction. It can also be considered.
With the above configuration, when the left and right auxiliary input shafts 201 and 201 are moved up and down by rotating the left and right couplings 202 and 202, the left and right guide rails that are attached to the left and right transmission cases 37 and 37, respectively. The left and right slide pins 211 and 211 inserted into the notch grooves 212a and 212a of the 212 and 212 are raised or lowered by the guide rails 212 and 212, whereby the left and right slide frames 208 and 208 move back and forth to move the left and right springs. 206 and 206 can be expanded and contracted.
Specifically, when the couplings 202 and 202 are turned upward, the slide pins 211 and 211 are lifted upward as the guide rails 212 and 212 are lifted, whereby the slide frames 208 and 208 are pulled backward. By contracting the springs 206, 206, the auxiliary position aligning device 213 can be contracted to the front and back length substantially the same as the position aligning device 54. On the other hand, when the couplings 202 and 202 are turned downward, the slide pins 211 and 211 are pushed downward as the guide rails 212 and 212 are lowered, thereby pushing the slide frames 208 and 208 forward and springs 206 and 212. By extending 206, the auxiliary position aligning device 213 can be extended so that the longitudinal length of the auxiliary aligning device 213 is longer than the longitudinal length of the aligning device 54.
The left and right cutting blade rotation shafts 56 and 56 are attached to the rear position of the alignment device 54 of the left and right first gear units 38 and 38, and the left and right bearings 57 and 57 are attached to the cutting blade rotation shafts 56 and 56, respectively. Mount freely. Then, left and right support plates 59, 59 are attached to the left and right bearings 57, 57, and left and right foliage cutting blades 60, 60 are attached to the support plates 59, 59 to constitute a foliage cutting device 61.
Further, left and right foliage conveyance drive pulleys 62 and 62 are attached to the left and right first output shafts 40 and 40, and the left and right foliage conveyance drive pulleys 62 and 62 are attached to the front side of the machine body and above the alignment devices 54L and 54R. The foliage driven pulleys 63 and 63 are rotatably attached. Then, by winding the left and right defoliation conveyor belts 64 and 64 endlessly around the left and right foliage conveyance driving pulleys 62 and 62 and the left and right foliage conveyance driven pulleys 63 and 63, Is disposed below the left and right transmission cases 37 and 37 and below the end of conveyance of the pulling and conveying device 24.
Further, left and right remaining leaf conveyance drive pulleys 66 and 66 are pivotally attached to the upper ends of the left and right first output shafts 40 and 40, and the left and right remaining leaf conveyance driven pulleys 67 and 67 are rotatable above the transmission cases 37 and 37. A plurality of left and right remaining leaf conveyance tension pulleys 68, 68 are attached between the left and right remaining leaf conveyance driving pulleys 66, 66 and the left and right remaining leaf conveyance driven pulleys 67, 67. Then, left and right residual leaf conveyance belts 69, 69 are wound endlessly around the left and right residual leaf conveyance driving pulleys 66, 66, left and right residual leaf conveyance driven pulleys 67, 67, and left and right residual leaf conveyance tension pulleys 68, 68. Thus, the remaining leaf conveyance device 70 that sandwiches the upper part of the foliage and conveys it to the rear of the machine body is configured above the defoliation conveyance device 65.
A foliage shooter 71 for discharging the foliage cut by the foliage cutting device 61 from the end portions of the above-mentioned foliage conveyance device 65 and the remaining leaf conveyance device 70 to the field is provided to constitute the foliage cutting portion D.
With the above configuration, the left and right alignment drive sprockets 42 and 42 are arranged at positions separated from the left and right spacing portions of the alignment device 54 through which the foliage passes, so that the alignment drive sprockets 42 and 42 and the second output are output. Since it is possible to prevent the stems and leaves from being entangled with the shafts 41 and 41 and stop the alignment device 54, the harvesting operation is not interrupted and the work efficiency is improved.
Further, since the alignment drive sprockets 42 and 42 have a smaller diameter than the alignment driven sprockets 45 and 45 and the alignment tension sprockets 47 and 47, the alignment drive sprockets 42 and 42 are further spaced apart from each other by the left and right spacing portions of the alignment device 54. Therefore, it is possible to further prevent the stems and leaves from being entangled with the alignment drive sprockets 42 and 42 and the second output shafts 41 and 41, and the work efficiency is further improved.
Further, by providing the left and right biasing springs 50 and 50 for biasing the alignment driven sprockets 45 and 45, the slack that occurs in the left and right alignment chains 48 and 48 when the foliage comes into contact with the alignment device 54. Since the alignment chains 48 and 48 immediately return to the tension state, the alignment device 54 can reliably receive the foliage of the onion even when the foliage of different diameters pass continuously. In addition, the cutting positions of the onions and stems of the onion are properly aligned and the stems and leaves are appropriately cut, and there is no need to remove the stems and leaves in a subsequent process, thereby improving work efficiency.
Further, by adjusting the tension of the biasing springs 50, 50 by moving the left and right receiving plates 49, 49 in the front-rear direction, the growth situation of the onion, the difference in the diameter of the foliage depending on the variety, the weather and the soil Since the tension can be appropriately changed according to the working conditions of the working place, etc., cutting the harvesting part when cutting the foliage part is prevented, and the commercial value of the crop is improved.
It is best to cut the onion at a position where a certain amount of foliage remains in the harvesting part. This is because if the boundary between the harvesting part and the foliage part is cut, the inside of the onion is exposed, the inside is excessively dried, and the quality is deteriorated.
Further, the left and right alignment frames 43, 43 are formed with holes 44, 44 in the left-right direction of the machine body, and the rotation shafts 46, 46 having the alignment driven sprockets 45, 45 attached to the holes 44, 44 are movable. In the state where no load is applied, the alignment driven sprockets 45, 45 urged by the urging springs 50, 50 move toward the conveyance path of the foliage, so that the small foliage passes through. Therefore, the position aligning device 54 can receive the foliage portion to properly align the cutting position of the onion foliage portion, eliminating the need to remove the foliage portion remaining on the onion in a later step, and improving the work efficiency.
Further, when a large load is applied to the alignment device 54 when the large diameter foliage portion passes, the alignment driven sprockets 45, 45 move along the holes 44, 44 away from the movement path of the foliage portion. Therefore, the left and right intervals on the front side of the alignment device 54 are widened, the foliage portion can be prevented from being bitten into the gap portion of the alignment device 54, and there is no need to stop the body and remove the bitten foliage portion. , Work efficiency is improved.
If it is known before harvesting that the stems and leaves of the onion have a large diameter, the alignment driven sprockets 45 and 45 are moved away from the left and right of the alignment device 54 to align the alignment. If the left-right distance on the upper side in the conveying direction of the device 54 is increased, the alignment device 54 can be prevented from biting the foliage part, and there is no need to remove the bited foliage part, thereby improving the work efficiency.
When the right and left tension plates 53L and 53R are provided in the winding region of the alignment chains 48 and 48, the alignment chains 48 and 48 are pressed from within the winding region. Since the alignment chains 48 and 48 of the portion where the tension plates 53 and 53 are not pressed can be retracted in the direction of the alignment drive sprockets 42 and 42, the foliage may be caught between the left and right of the alignment device 54. In addition, it is not necessary to remove the foliage that has been bitten by stopping the airframe, improving the work efficiency.
Further, by providing left and right scrapers 55 and 55 for scrubbing debris and dirt such as mud adhering to the alignment guide bodies 52 and 52 moving on the outer periphery of the alignment drive sprockets 42 and 42, Since the foreign substances adhering to the alignment guide bodies 52, 52 can be removed at a position away from the moving path of the parts, the foliage fragments are prevented from getting entangled with each part of the alignment device 54, and the machine body is stopped. This eliminates the need to remove the tangled stalks and leaves, improving the work efficiency and preventing the mud from damaging the root of the onion, thereby improving the commercial value of the onion.
Furthermore, since the installation positions of the scrapers 55 and 55 can be changed along the long holes, the scrapers 55 and 55 are set at optimum positions in accordance with the average diameter of the stems and leaves of the onion where the harvesting operation is performed. The above-described effect is further improved by reliably removing the debris of the foliage and dirt such as mud from the alignment guide bodies 52 and 52.
And when the left and right couplings 202, 202 are rotated, the vertical height and the longitudinal length of the auxiliary alignment device 213 can be changed, so that the foliage part is long in the vertical direction like an onion, and the harvesting part (bulb part) When harvesting short crops, the auxiliary alignment device 213 is lowered to make the front and back length longer, and when harvesting crops with a small difference in length between the stem and leaf parts of the carrots and the harvesting part (root part) Since the auxiliary position aligning device 213 can be raised to shorten the front-rear length, different crops can be harvested and versatility is improved.
In addition, since the vertical position can be adjusted according to the variety and size of onion and carrots to be harvested, the cutting position of the foliage part is appropriate, preventing damage to the harvesting part, and improving the product value of onions and carrots To do.
Further, the left and right guide rails 212 and 212 are rearwardly inclined at the same inclination angle as that of the pulling / conveying device 24, so that even if the vertical height of the auxiliary position aligning device 213 is changed, the position alignment with the auxiliary position aligning device 213 is performed. Since the positional relationship of the device 54 can be maintained in parallel, the alignment position of onions and carrots is not disturbed, and the cutting position of the foliage is stabilized.
In addition, as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.10, when harvesting carrots or when it is necessary to leave a foliage part longer on the onion, the auxiliary alignment device 213 is raised to a position just below the alignment device 54 to increase the longitudinal length. When the length is shortened, a pair of left and right foliage guides 35 and 35 for guiding onion and carrot foliage from the pulling and conveying device 24 to the position aligning device 54 and the auxiliary position aligning device 213 are inserted into the left and right pulling frames 15 and 15. Attach to each.
As described above, the foliage is guided by the left and right foliage guides 35 and 35 until the foliage is transferred from the pulling and conveying device 24 to the alignment device 54 and the auxiliary alignment device 213, so that the foliage is aligned. In addition, since the onion and carrot can be prevented from falling without entering the conveyance area of the auxiliary position aligning device 213, the onion and carrot are prevented from being damaged by the impact of the drop, and the commercial value is improved. In addition, it is not necessary to manually cut the foliage part in which the foliage part remains in the carrot, and the work efficiency is improved and the labor of the operator is reduced.
The preparation transport device described below cuts the leaves and leaves that remain in the onion, but if the leaves and leaves are too long, the leaves and leaves will fall down during transportation, making it impossible to cut at appropriate positions. Since a problem may occur that the foliage is clogged and the conveyance is stagnated, it is necessary to cut the foliage before the operator moves it. During this time, the movement and sorting of the onion are interrupted, and the work efficiency is reduced. Therefore, it is desirable that the onion is moved to the temporary storage part E after the foliage part is cut over a predetermined length by the foliage cutting device 61.
Then, the leaf discharge shooter 71 that discharges the leaves (cut stems and leaves) cut from the onion by the stem and leaf cutting device 61 to the field so that the leaves and leaves are discharged to the already dug side (the side on which the onion has been harvested). Are provided in a downwardly inclined posture, the discharged stems and leaves fall on the unexcavated side (the side on which the onion is not harvested), and the drainage leaves the left and right nipping and conveying belts 19 and 19 and the left and right sides. Can be prevented from stopping the harvesting section C by being entangled with the driven pulleys 17 and 17 and so on, thereby preventing the harvesting operation from being interrupted, thereby improving the work efficiency and improving the visibility of the onion harvested by the fallen leaves falling on the onion. Can prevent obstruction.
The vertical adjustment of the auxiliary alignment device 213 is configured to be performed manually by an operator, but may be configured as follows. In addition, about the part which is the same structure as the said auxiliary position alignment apparatus 213, description is abbreviate | omitted in order to avoid duplication.
As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the left and right second output shafts 41 and 41 are hollow, and the left and right auxiliary input shafts 214 and 214 are movable in the vertical direction inside the left and right second output shafts 41 and 41. Insert into. Bellows-shaped protective covers 214a, 214a having substantially the same diameter as the diameters of the left and right second output shafts 41, 41 are provided on the outer peripheral portions of the left and right auxiliary input shafts 214, 214, respectively, so that they can be expanded and contracted. The auxiliary input shafts 214 and 214 are not exposed. The left and right auxiliary drive sprockets 203 and 203 are attached to the lower ends of the left and right auxiliary input shafts 214 and 214, respectively.
Left and right operation knobs 215 and 215 for vertically moving the left and right auxiliary input shafts 214 and 214 are provided above the left and right transmission cases 36 and 36 and at the upper ends of the left and right auxiliary input shafts 214 and 214, respectively. The left and right operation knobs 215 and 215 are provided with driven gears 216 and 216, respectively, and the vertical movement motors 218 and 218 respectively mounted with the drive gears 217 and 217 meshing with the driven gears 216 and 216 are mounted on the transmission cases 36 and 36, respectively. Provided.
Further, an up / down operation switch 219 for operating the up / down movement motors 218, 218 to change the up / down position of the auxiliary position alignment device 213 is provided on the operation panel 12 of the control unit B.
Further, as shown in FIG. 13, left and right rail detection sensors 220 and 220 for detecting the presence or absence of the left and right guide rails 212 and 212 are provided at the front end portions of the left and right transmission cases 36 and 36, respectively. A first lamp 221 that is turned on when the sensors 220 and 220 are in a detection state is provided on the operation panel 12.
The rail detection sensors 220 and 220 may be either contact type sensors or non-contact type sensors. The first lamp 221 is lit when the left and right guide rails 212 and 212 are positioned in front of the rail detection sensors 220 and 220, and the auxiliary alignment device 213 moves upward to harvest the carrot. Since it is a work form, the red and orange lamps make it easier for the worker to visually grasp the current work state.
In addition to this, when the rail detection sensors 220 and 220 are in the non-detection state, the auxiliary alignment device 213 is positioned below and is in the onion harvesting form, so the white or yellow second lamp 222 This makes it easier for the operator to visually grasp the current working state of the auxiliary alignment device 213.
Further, since the auxiliary alignment device 213 is located above in the carrot harvesting operation form and the auxiliary alignment device 213 is located below in the onion harvesting operation form, the first lamp 221 is on the upper side and the second lamp 222 is on the lower side. Arrangement makes it easier for the operator to make a visual decision.
By adopting the above configuration, the operator can change the work mode of the auxiliary alignment device 213 even while sitting on the control seat 10, so there is no need to move each time the auxiliary alignment device 213 is operated. Work efficiency is improved.
Further, by providing protective covers 214a and 214a on the outer peripheral portions of the auxiliary input shafts 214 and 214, it is possible to prevent the stems and leaves of onions and carrots from being directly entangled with the auxiliary input shafts 214 and 214. The rotation of the auxiliary input shafts 214 and 214 is prevented from stagnation, and the work efficiency is improved. Further, the work of removing the wound foliage is unnecessary, and the labor of the operator is reduced.
Since the protective covers 214a and 214a are formed in a bellows shape, the protective covers 214a and 214a can be expanded and contracted when the auxiliary positioning device 213 is moved up and down. At this time, it is not necessary to remove the protective covers 214a and 214a, and the work efficiency is improved.
Since the protective covers 214a and 214a are at least approximately the same diameter as the second output shafts 41 and 41, the protective covers 214a and 214a are moved to the second output shaft 41 when the auxiliary alignment device 213 is moved upward. , 41 can be prevented, so that the protective covers 214a, 214a are prevented from being damaged, and the second output shafts 41, 41 are prevented from not stopping.
Further, it is assumed that the vertical movement motors 218 and 218 are operated by the vertical operation lever 223, and a potentiometer 224 for detecting the operation amount of the vertical operation lever 223 is provided, and from the operation amount of the vertical operation lever 223 detected by the potentiometer 224. If the rotation direction and rotation time of the vertical movement motors 218 and 218 are determined, the vertical position of the auxiliary alignment device 213 can be determined from the operation amount of the vertical operation lever 223. 12 is provided with a level gauge 224, and the cutting position of the crop to be harvested and the foliage can be finely adjusted, so that the processing of the foliage remaining in the crop becomes unnecessary, and the work efficiency is improved.
And it is prevented that a crop is damaged at the time of cutting of a foliage part, and the commercial value of a crop improves.
Next, the temporary storage unit E will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, front and rear holding frames 72, 72 are provided below the foliage cutting device 61, and the transport driven roller 73 a is rotatable between the front and rear sides of the left and right sides of the holding frame 72, 72. Install. Further, a transport driving roller 73b is rotatably mounted between the front and rear holding frames 72, 72 between the front and rear of the left and right sides of the machine body and below the transport driven roller 73a. And the onion which inherited from the foliage cutting part D is wound around the conveyance direction roller 73a and the conveyance drive roller 73b endlessly by winding the crop conveyance belt 74 comprised with elastic bodies, such as rubber | gum and urethane, in the body outer direction. The crop conveyance conveyor 75 which conveys from left to right inside is comprised. When the crop conveyor 75 is inclined about 2 to 5 degrees from the left and right sides of the machine body to the left and right sides of the machine body, the onion is less likely to travel backward in the transfer route, and the transfer efficiency is improved.
Further, a guide wall 76 for moving the onion to the front side of the machine body is provided in the front and rear direction at the end of conveyance of the crop conveyance conveyor 75, and a storage hopper 77 for receiving and storing the onion at the front of the crop conveyance conveyor 75 is provided. . Further, below the conveyance end side of the crop conveyance conveyor 75, an auxiliary worker sitting on an auxiliary work seat 108, which will be described later, is not suitable for shipping as a product among the onions stored in the storage hopper 77 (for example, A sorting container 78 for sorting out scratched, rotten, extremely small, etc.) is arranged.
Onion that is not suitable for shipment can be abandoned in the field and returned to the soil. However, depending on where it is abandoned, it may interfere with the onion harvester as well as stones and clumps. This problem can be prevented by storing in the container 78 and abandoning it after the harvesting operation is completed.
In the above-described configuration, the onion thus dropped is moved by the movement of the crop conveyance belt 74 and the movement by the inclination, so that the movement of the onion does not stop on the crop conveyance conveyor 76, and the onion stopped manually is removed. There is no need to move it, improving work efficiency. In addition, since the remaining leaf processing conveyor 76 is slightly inclined (about 2 to 5 degrees), the crop conveyance conveyor 76 is substantially in relation to the ground even if the machine is inclined in the left-right direction of the machine depending on the state of the field. Since the onion stays in a horizontal state, the onion does not stagnate on the crop conveyance conveyor 76 or move in the direction opposite to the conveyance direction of the crop conveyance conveyor 76, and such onion is manually returned to the conveyance path. There is no need to improve work efficiency.
Further, since the crop transport belt 74 constituting the crop transport conveyor 76 is made of an elastic material such as rubber or urethane, the crop transport belt 74 is dropped even if the foliage is cut off by the foliage cutting device 61 and the onion falls. Since the impact of the ball is reduced, the onion is prevented from being damaged by the impact of the drop, and the quality of the onion is improved.
And even if there are a large number of onions that are pulled out and transported by the pulling and transporting device 24 by being guided by the guide wall 77 at the transport end of the crop transporting conveyor 76 and temporarily stored in the storage hopper 77. Since the operator can check the state of the onion stored in the storage hopper 77 and move to the preparation transport unit F at any timing, the onion selection accuracy is improved and the onion preparation accuracy is improved. Will improve.
Next, the preparation conveyance part F is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 and FIG. 14 to FIG. 16, front and rear adjustment transport frames 79 are provided on the left and right sides of the storage hopper 77. Left and right root cutting conveyance frames 80 and 80 are provided on the side, and front and rear root cutting driven pulleys 81 and 81 are rotatably provided on the left and right sides of the front and rear root cutting conveyance frames 80 and 80, respectively. Front and rear root cutting drive pulleys 82 and 82 are rotatably provided. Then, the front and rear root cutting conveying belts 83 and 83 are wound around the front and rear root cutting driven pulleys 81 and 81 and the front and rear root cutting driving pulleys 82 and 82, respectively. Root cutting drive motors 84 and 84 for supplying driving force to the front and rear root cutting drive pulleys 82 and 82 are provided below. The front and rear root cutting conveyor belts 83 and 83 are arranged at an interval of about 3 to 5 cm in the front-rear direction so as to receive the lower part of the onion.
Thus, when the onion is placed on the front and rear root cutting conveyor belts 83 and 83, the onion is transported from the left and right sides of the machine body to the other left and right sides by the front and rear root cutting transport belts 83 and 83.
Further, front and rear root cutting transmission pulleys 85 and 85 that rotate by receiving a driving force are provided in the winding regions of the front and rear root cutting conveying belts 83 and 83, respectively, and the rotation shafts of the front and rear root cutting transmission pulleys 85 and 85 are provided. 85a is provided with front and rear root cutting extension output shafts 86, 86 that rotate with the rotary shaft 85a and can be adjusted in the vertical direction, through the root cutting transport frames 80, 80, respectively. The front and rear root cutting blades 87 and 87 are respectively attached to the lower ends of the front and rear root cutting expansion and contraction output shafts 86 and 86, and the front and rear root cutting blades 87 and 87 are cut. A U-shaped root cutting support plate 88 is provided in a side view connecting 87 from below. In addition, a pair of upper and lower root cutting parallel link arms 89, 89 are provided on the rear end portion of the root cutting support plate 88 and the adjustment conveyance frame 79 on the rear side of the machine body so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. A first cutting position adjusting lever 90 for rotating the arms 89 and 89 in the vertical direction is provided, and a rear end portion of the first cutting position adjusting lever 90 is formed on the adjustment conveyance frame 79 on the rear side of the machine body. 1 Project from the adjustment hole 79a to the rear of the machine.
In addition, at the left and right side ends of the front and rear root cutting transport frames 80 and 80, root guide bars 102 and 102 that project in the left and right direction and guide the root of the onion are moved from the left and right sides to the left and right sides. When provided in the downward inclined posture, when the operator sets the onion to be prepared and conveyed, it becomes easy to set the root portion at a position where it passes the cutting action area of the root cutting blades 87 and 87. The left and right side end portions of the front and rear root guide bars 102, 102 are bent downward to form an R shape, so that they are not easily damaged even if they contact with the onion.
When the first cutting position adjusting lever 90 is operated to rotate the root cutting parallel link arms 89 and 89 up and down, the root cutting support plate 88 is moved up and down to expand and contract the root cutting extension output shafts 86 and 86. The cutting position of the root cutting blades 87, 87 is changed in the vertical direction.
Note that the cutting positions of the root cutting blades 87, 87 can be arbitrarily determined by forming a plurality of grooves 79b that hook the first cutting position adjusting lever 90 in the vertical direction of the first adjusting hole 79a. The root cutting height can be set.
Further, front and rear leaf cutting transport frames 91 and 91 are provided in the left and right other sides of the front and rear preparation transport frames 79 and 79 and above the root cutting transport frames 80 and 80, respectively, in the left and right directions. Front and rear leaf cutting driven pulleys 92 and 92 are rotatably provided on the left and right sides of the body of the leaf cutting transport frames 91 and 91, respectively, and front and rear leaf cutting drive pulleys 93 and 93 are respectively rotatable on the left and right sides of the body. Provide. The front and rear leaf cutting conveyor belts 94 and 94 are wound around the front and rear leaf cutting driven pulleys 92 and 92 and the front and rear leaf cutting driving pulleys 93 and 93, respectively. Leaf cutting drive motors 95 and 95 for supplying driving force to the front and rear leaf cutting drive pulleys 93 and 93 are provided below. The conveyance start end portions of the front and rear leaf cutting conveyor belts 94 and 94 are overlapped with the conveyance end portions of the front and rear root cutting conveyance belts 83 and 83, and receive the onion from the root cutting conveyance belts 83 and 83 and take over them. Further, they are arranged with a front-rear distance of about 3 to 5 cm, which is substantially the same as the front-rear distance between the root cutting conveyor belts 83, 83.
Accordingly, when the onion is handed over from the front and rear root cutting conveyor belts 83 and 83 to the front and rear leaf cutting conveyor belts 94 and 94, the onion is transported from the left and right sides of the machine body to the left and right sides.
Further, front and rear leaf cutting transmission pulleys 96 and 96 that rotate by receiving driving force are provided in the winding regions of the front and rear leaf cutting conveying belts 94 and 94, respectively, and the rotation shafts of the front and rear leaf cutting transmission pulleys 96 and 96 are provided. 96a is provided with front and rear leaf cutting telescopic output shafts 97 and 97 which can be adjusted in the vertical direction and rotate together with the rotating shaft 96a. The front and rear rotating shafts 96a and 96a are respectively fitted with front and rear foliage cutting blades 98 and 98 for cutting off the foliage remaining on the upper part of the onion at the front and rear ends of the rotating shafts 96a and 96a, respectively. The shafts 96a and 96a extend through the leaf cutting and conveying frames 91 and 91 downward.
Also, a U-shaped leaf cutting support plate 99 is provided at the lower ends of the extended front and rear rotating shafts 96a, 96a in a side view, and the rear end portion of the leaf cutting support plate 99 and the adjustment conveyance frame on the rear side of the machine body. 79 is provided with a pair of upper and lower leaf-cutting parallel link arms 100, 100 that are pivotable in the vertical direction, and a second cutting position adjusting lever 101 that pivots the leaf-cutting parallel link arms 100, 100 in the vertical direction. The rear end portion of the second cutting position adjusting lever 101 is projected rearward from the second adjusting hole 79c in the vertical direction formed in the adjusting conveyance frame 79 on the rear side of the body.
When the second cutting position adjusting lever 101 is operated to move the leaf cutting parallel link arms 100 and 100 up and down, the leaf cutting support plate 99 moves up and down in conjunction with each other to move the rotary shafts 96a and 96a up and down. The cutting position of the foliage cutting blades 98, 98 is changed in the vertical direction by being pushed and pulled by the rotary shafts 96a, 96a to expand and contract the leaf cutting extension output shafts 97, 97.
The cutting position of the foliage cutting blades 98, 98 can be arbitrarily determined by forming a plurality of groove portions 79d for hooking the second cutting position adjusting lever 101 over the vertical direction of the second adjusting hole 79c. It becomes possible to set the cutting height of the foliage.
Thereby, the preparation conveyance apparatus 104 is comprised.
In addition, the space | interval part is formed in the working part frame 20 below the said root part cutting blades 87 and 87, and it is set as the structure by which the root part of the cut onion falls on the upper part of the left crawler 6L. The root that has fallen on the crawler 6L is conveyed forward with the operation of the crawler 6L, and when it falls to the field from the front end of the crawler 6L, it is crushed by the crawler 6L and swept into the soil.
Then, below the front and rear leaf cutting conveyor belts 94 and 94 and the front and rear foliage cutting blades 98 and 98, a foliage discharge shooter 105 that discharges the cut foliage cut and dropped to the rear of the machine is directed toward the rear of the machine. Arranged in a tilted posture. The foliage discharge shooter 105 projects the exit portion from the rear preparation conveyance frame 79. As a matter of course, a shooter outlet hole 105a is formed in the preparation conveyance frame 79 at that time.
Further, onions that are discharged from the conveyance terminal end of the preparation conveyance device 104 are placed in the accommodating portion G at the left and right other ends of the front and rear conveyance adjustment frames 79 and 79 and at the conveyance termination portion of the preparation conveyance device 104. A crop discharge shooter 107 that discharges to a storage container 106 such as a container to be placed is disposed in a downward inclined posture. The crop discharge shooter 107 includes a fixed shooter 107a that is fixed to the front and rear conveyance adjustment frames 79, 79, a downwardly inclined posture that receives and discharges the onion from the fixed shooter 107a, and an upwardly inclined posture that restricts the movement of the onion. The rotating shooter 107b can be switched by rotating up and down.
Then, on the rear side of the working unit frame 20, in the vicinity of the transfer terminal end of the crop transfer conveyor 75 and on the transfer start end side of the preparation transfer device 104, the onion stored in the storage hopper 77 is selected. In addition, the preparation conveyance unit F is configured by providing an auxiliary work seat 108 on which an auxiliary worker who performs a moving operation to the preparation conveyance device 104 is seated.
With the above configuration, by arranging the preparation conveyance device 104 between the right and left of the harvesting unit C and the storage unit G, it is not necessary to secure an arrangement space for the preparation conveyance device 104 below the pulling conveyance device 24, and the longitudinal direction of the machine body In addition, since it is possible to prevent an increase in size in the vertical direction, it becomes a compact machine structure, and it is easy to turn at the end of the field, improving operability, and it is difficult to restrict the movement of the machine even in a field with a small area, thereby improving work efficiency.
In addition, since the onion can be transported from the left and right sides of the machine body to the left and right sides by the preparation transport device 104, it is not necessary to separately provide another transport device, the configuration is simplified, and the number of parts is reduced.
When the auxiliary worker sets the onion on the root guide bars 102, 102, the root part and the foliage part can be removed simultaneously with the transport of the onion to the accommodating part G. Therefore, the root part and foliage part are removed manually. Is eliminated, the work efficiency is improved, and the labor of the worker is reduced.
In addition, by operating the first cutting position adjusting lever 90 to change the cutting position of the root cutting blades 87, 87 in the vertical direction, at an appropriate position according to the length of the root of the onion and the size of the onion. Since the root portion can be removed, it is not necessary to manually remove the remaining root portion, so that the work efficiency is improved and the labor of the operator is reduced.
Furthermore, the root cutting blades 87, 87 can be prevented from cutting not only the root portion but also the onion harvest target portion, so that the commercial value of the onion is prevented from being impaired.
Then, by operating the second cutting position adjusting lever 101 to change the cutting position of the foliage cutting blades 98, 98 in the vertical direction, it is appropriate for the length of the foliage of the onion and the size of the onion. Since the root portion can be removed at the position, it is not necessary to manually remove the remaining foliage portion, the work efficiency is improved, and the labor of the operator is reduced.
Furthermore, since the foliage cutting blades 98, 98 can be prevented from cutting not only the foliage but also the onion harvest target, it is possible to prevent the commercial value of the onion from being impaired.
In addition, when it is necessary to leave the foliage for hanging the onion in a later process, such as drying the onion, you can choose to leave the foliage or not cut the foliage. The work corresponding to can be performed.
The vertical position adjustment of the root cutting blades 87 and 87 and the foliage cutting blades 98 and 98 is performed by the root cutting parallel link arms 89 and 89 and the leaf cutting parallel link arms 100 and 100, so that the root portion is changed when the vertical position is changed. Since the cutting action positions of the cutting blades 87 and 87 and the foliage cutting blades 98 and 98 can be prevented from moving forward or backward, the foliage and roots are removed at fixed positions.
In addition, the cutting position of the root part and foliage part does not change, and the root part and foliage part can be discharged from the fixed position to the outside of the machine, eliminating the need to remove the foliage part and root part remaining on the fuselage, and cleaning The time and labor required for this are reduced.
By forming a fall space in the working part frame 20 below the root cutting blades 87, 87 and having the cut root fall on the left crawler 6L, the root is carried forward and dropped to the field, Since the crawler 6L can be stepped on and squeezed into the field, it is not necessary to manually dispose of the root portion, thereby reducing the labor of the operator.
In addition, since the root portion that has been pushed into the field while being crushed by the crawler 6 on the right side is naturally decomposed and returned to the field as nutrients, the nutrients in the field become abundant and the next crop can be efficiently cultivated. Since the amount of fertilizer used is suppressed, the fertilizer cost and environmental load are reduced. Since the foliage discharge shooter 105 is disposed in a downwardly inclined posture toward the rear side of the machine body below the foliage cutting blades 98, 98, the cut foliage part can be dropped and discharged to the rear of the machine body. This eliminates the need to manually dispose of the foliage, thereby reducing the labor of the operator.
In addition, since the discharged foliage is naturally decomposed and reduced to the field as nutrients, the nutrients in the field become abundant, so that the next crop can be cultivated efficiently and the amount of fertilizer used can be reduced. Cost and environmental load are reduced.
In addition, the crop shooter 107b is attached to the fixed shooter 107a so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction, so that the crop discharge shooter 107 is configured. As a result, the onion is discharged into the storage container 106 when the turn shooter 107b is rotated downward. Can do. On the other hand, when it is inconvenient if the onion is discharged from the preparation conveying device 104, such as when the container 106 is exchanged, the onion can be retained in the fixed shooter 107a by rotating the turning shooter 107b upward. Therefore, the replacement operation of the container 106 can be easily performed, and the labor of the operator is reduced.
Further, since the onion is prevented from falling and being damaged by the impact of the drop during the replacement operation of the storage container 106, the work of picking up the dropped onion is unnecessary, the work efficiency is improved, and the commercial value of the onion is impaired. Is prevented.
As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the fixed conveyance shooter 107a constituting the crop discharge shooter 107 is provided with a preparation conveyance on / off switch 110, and the rotation shooter 107b is rotated upward to retain the onion in the fixed shooter 107a. When the configuration is adopted, the preparation conveyance on / off switch 110 is turned off and the front and rear root cutting drive motors 84 and 84 and the front and rear leaf cutting drive motors 95 and 95 are stopped.
Alternatively, the preparation conveying operation device 109 for stopping the front and rear root cutting drive motors 84 and 84 and the front and rear leaf cutting drive motors 95 and 95 or stopping them at once is provided on the side of the auxiliary work seat 108, A configuration may be adopted in which the operator immediately stops when the operator wants to stop the preparation conveyance device 104, for example, when the container 106 is exchanged.
Next, the structure of the accommodating part G is demonstrated.
As shown in FIGS. 2, 15, and 16, a storage container mounting table 111 for loading a plurality of storage containers 106 is attached to the left and right other ends of the recovery frame 20 so as to be rotatable up and down. An extended mounting table 112 on which an empty collection container 108 is loaded is provided at the rear end of the mounting table 111. The extended mounting table 112 is configured to be folded on the storage container mounting table 111 when rotated to the front of the machine body, and is configured to stop in a posture that slightly tilts upward to the rear side of the machine body when rotated to the rear of the machine body. .
In addition, the last part of the said storage container mounting base 111 is located under the said crop discharge | emission shooter 107, and the storage container 106 collect | recovers the onion discharged | emitted in this part. This portion is referred to as an accommodation operation unit 113.
Then, a pair of left and right transport driven double pulleys 115 and 115 attached to a single rotatable rotating shaft 114 are provided at the front of the storage work unit 113, and one is provided at the front end of the storage container mounting table 111. A pair of left and right transport drive double pulleys 117 and 117 mounted on a rotatable drive rotating shaft 116 are provided. Further, a pair of left and right conveying belts 118, 118, 118, 118 for conveying the container 106 toward the front side of the machine across the left and right conveying driven double pulleys 115, 115 and the conveying driving double pulleys 117, 117 are provided. Wind each one.
Further, a plurality of auxiliary conveying rollers 119, 119... For assisting the conveyance of the storage container 106 are provided between the left and right of the left and right conveying belts 118, 118, 118, 118 so as to be rotatable in the front-rear direction.
And the collection container conveyor 121 is comprised by providing the conveyance drive motor 120 in the left-right direction center part of the said drive rotating shaft 116. FIG.
The auxiliary transport rollers 119, 119,... Are provided with a one-way clutch (not shown) that rotates only when the container 106 is moved to the front side of the machine body and does not rotate to the rear side of the machine body. The storage container 106 is prevented from moving to the rear side of the machine body when tilted, and the position of the storage container 106 collecting the onion is prevented from shifting and the onion is prevented from falling. This eliminates the need for picking up the onion, improving work efficiency, preventing the onion from being damaged during the fall, and maintaining the commercial value of the onion.
Further, a collection container sensor 122 for detecting whether or not the storage container 106 is set across the front and rear direction of the storage work section 113 is provided in the storage work section 113. The collection container sensor 122 may be of a contact type, but since there is a work process in which the container 106 containing the heavy onion is moved forward while in contact with the upper side, a viewpoint of preventing damage and occurrence of false detection. Therefore, it is desirable to use a non-contact type such as an optical sensor or an ultrasonic sensor.
When the collection container sensor 122 detects the storage container 106 across the entire front-rear direction, the storage container 106 is collecting the onion. Further, when the collection operation is completed and the operator moves the storage container 106 storing the crop toward the front side of the storage container mounting table 111 and the rear side of the recovery container sensor 122 is in a non-detection state, the storage container 106 is moved. Is determined to have started, the transport drive motor 120 is automatically operated, and the collection container conveyer 121 moves the container 106 to the front side of the machine body.
When the storage container 106 moves to the front side of the machine body and the recovery container sensor 122 is in a non-detection state across the entire front and rear, it is determined that the next storage container 106 can be set in the storage work unit 113, and the transport drive motor 120 is automatically stopped and the collection container conveyor 121 is stopped.
At this time, when the worker moves the empty collection member 106 from the extended mounting table 112 and covers the upper part of the storage work unit 113 with the storage container 106, the recovery container sensor 122 is again in the detection state across the entire front-rear direction. .
If the empty storage container 106 is not set in the storage work section 113, the front and rear root cutting drive motors 84 are turned on even if the preparation transport on / off switch 110 is turned on by rotating the rotation shooter 107b of the crop discharge shooter 107 downward. , 84 and the front and rear leaf cutting drive motors 95, 95 are configured not to operate.
Thereby, the accommodating part G is comprised.
As described above, since the storage work unit 113 for setting the storage container 106 is provided below the crop discharge shooter 107, there is no need to separately form an onion discharge path, and the configuration is simple and the number of parts is reduced. Is done.
Since the collection container conveyor 121 is provided, the storage container 106 that has become heavier with the onion stored therein can be automatically conveyed to the front side of the machine body, so that the distance for the operator to move the storage container 106 is shortened. The labor of the worker is reduced and the labor of the worker is reduced.
Further, a pair of left and right transport belts 118, 118, 118, 118 is formed as a set, and a plurality of auxiliary transport rollers 119, 119... Are provided between the left and right transport belts 118, 118, 118, 118 in the front-rear direction. This arrangement prevents the conveyor belts 118, 118, 118, 118 from being bent due to weight during transportation of the heavy-duty container 106, thereby stopping the transportation, so that the operator can move the container 106. There is no need to make it work and work efficiency is improved.
Further, by rotating the storage container mounting table 111 and moving it to the working unit frame 20 side, the left and right widths of the machine body can be shortened by the width of the storage unit G when not working. The space required for loading in the loading platform and storing in the warehouse can be reduced.
Then, by providing the extended mounting portion 112 for loading the empty storage container 106 at the rear end of the storage container mounting table 111, the empty storage container 106 can be set in the storage operation unit 113 simply by moving it forward. Work efficiency is improved.
In addition to the above, the extension mounting part 112 is prevented from protruding to the rear side of the machine, the front and rear width of the onion harvesting machine when not working is suppressed, and the onion harvesting machine is loaded into the truck bed and stored in the warehouse The space required for doing so is further reduced.
Further, when the extension mounting portion 112 is rotated backward from the machine body, if it is configured to stop at a position where it is slightly raised and inclined from the bottom surface of the storage container mounting table 111, it will slide down from the extension mounting portion 112 to the front side of the machine body. Since the front part of the empty storage container 106 is pressed by the rear part of the storage container 106 that is collecting the onion by the storage work part 113, the storage container 106 is moved from the storage work part 113 to the front side of the machine body. Thus, the empty storage container 106 is automatically moved to the storage operation unit 113, and the operation of setting the empty storage container 106 in the storage operation unit 113 is facilitated, and the work efficiency is improved.
Further, a collection container sensor 122 that detects the presence or absence of the storage container 106 is provided in the storage work unit 113, and when the rear side of the recovery container sensor 122 is in a non-detection state, the transport drive motor 120 automatically operates and the recovery container sensor Since the conveyance drive motor 120 automatically stops when the storage container 106 no longer detects the container 106 over the entire area, it is not necessary to drive the collection container conveyor 121 at all times, and power consumption and fuel consumption can be suppressed. , Energy saving effect is improved.
If the collection container sensor 122 does not detect the storage container 106 over the entire area, the root cutting drive motors 84 and 84 and the front and rear drive motors 84 and 84 are moved back and forth even if the rotation transporter on / off switch 110 is turned off by rotating the rotation shooter 107b. Since the leaf cutting drive motors 95 and 95 are configured not to operate, it is possible to prevent the onion from being discharged from the preparation transport device 104 in a state where the storage container 106 is not set in the storage work unit 113. This eliminates the need for the work of collecting the balls, improves the work efficiency, prevents the onion from being damaged when dropped, and maintains the commercial value of the onion.
Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present onion harvester will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, an input pulley 171 is attached to the upper end portion of the rotating shaft of the driven pulley 16 on the inner side (the other side on the left and right sides) of the machine body, and a scraping cover 172 is placed obliquely forward on the upper portion of the input pulley 171. It is made to project. Then, an output pulley 173 having a diameter smaller than that of the input pulley 171 is rotatably mounted on the front end portion of the scraping cover 172, and the scraping belt 174 is wound around the output pulley 173 and the input pulley 171 to assist A scraping device 176 is configured.
The scraping belt 174 is provided with a scraping lug 174a made of an elastic body such as rubber at a predetermined interval, and a plurality of the scraping lugs 174a. Guide to the beginning.
A through hole is formed in the input pulley 171, and a drive pin 175 is inserted through the through hole. When the drive pin 175 contacts the driven pulley 16 on the inner side of the machine body, the input is interlocked with the rotation of the driven pulley 16. The pulley 171 is configured to rotate. When the drive pin 175 is removed from the input pulley 171 or moved to a position where it does not contact the driven pulley 16, the driven pulley 16 rotates, but the input pulley 171 does not rotate.
The drive pin 175 has a structure in which the input pulley 171 rotates in conjunction with a spring or the like once pushed in, and the input pulley 171 does not rotate when pushed in again, or a female screw groove is formed in the through hole and driven. When a male screw groove is formed on the surface of the pin 175 and the input pulley 171 rotates interlocked when tightened and stops rotating when loosened, the interlocking rotation is released without completely removing the drive pin 175 from the input pulley 171. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the drive pin 175 from being lost.
Then, the weed rod 157 is disposed at the lower end of the rotating shaft of the driven pulley 16 inside the machine body so as to protrude to the front side of the machine body. The weed rod 157 is formed with a hole into which a fixing member 177 such as a bolt can be inserted into the mounting base, and when the fixing member 177 is inserted into the hole, the fixing rod 157 is in a fixed state. It is set as the structure which can be rotated and can adjust a weed angle.
When the input pulley 171 is rotated in conjunction with the driven pulley 16 and the fixing member 177 is removed and the weed rod 157 is rotated, the input pulley 171 rotates in conjunction with the auxiliary scraper 176. It is good also as a structure which moves. With this configuration, the auxiliary scraping device 176 can be stored in the lower part of the pulling / conveying device 24 and within the left and right widths when not in operation, and therefore, the auxiliary scraping device 176 is prevented from continuously contacting and distorting the storage location. Therefore, the scraping performance is maintained.
Furthermore, a scraping disk 178 provided with a plurality of protrusions on the outer periphery around a plurality of protruding claws or a disc is provided at the lower end of the rotation shaft of the output pulley 173, and the lower surface of the scraping disk 178, That is, the side close to the farm is formed in a spherical shape. If the spherical surface or the entire scraping disk 178 is made of a synthetic resin having a characteristic that it is difficult to be damaged even when a frictional force is applied, the durability is improved and the effect is prolonged.
With the above configuration, the stems and leaves that are not caused by the vertical pulling device 25 and the horizontal pulling device 26 but are suspended on the ground surface can be scraped by the auxiliary scraping device 176 and guided to the pulling and conveying device 24. Since the onion can be pulled out while sandwiching the stem and leaf portion of the potato, the amount of onion left behind is reduced and the work efficiency is improved.
In addition, the auxiliary scraping device 176 is provided on the driven pulley 16 on the inner side of the fuselage where the already dug side where the onion has already been harvested is located, so that only the stem and leaf portion of the onion currently being drawn and harvested is scraped. Therefore, the stems and leaves of the uncollected onion are drawn out from the field, and the onion is prevented from being pulled out by the drawing / conveying device 24 during the next operation, thereby preventing the onion from being left behind.
Then, by obtaining the driving force of the auxiliary scratching device 176 from the driven pulley 16 of the pulling and conveying device 24, there is no need to form another transmission path, the machine structure is simplified, and the number of parts is reduced.
Furthermore, since it is possible to switch whether the input pulley 171 rotates in conjunction with the driven pulley 16 by attaching and detaching the drive pin 175, such as when the onion stalks are growing in summer, etc. Since the auxiliary stirrer 176 may not be used under working conditions that may involve a part, the working conditions that can be handled increase and the working efficiency improves.
Further, by providing the scraping disk 178 at the lower part of the driven pulley 16, it is possible to lift up the foliage portion that is hiding on the ground surface, so that the foliage portion is more reliably pulled out, and it is necessary to carry out the remaining onion. And work efficiency is improved.
Since the lower surface of the scraping disc 178 is formed into a spherical shape, the scraping disc 178 is configured to slide along the field scene, so that the extraction work height of the extraction conveying device 24 may be changed. In addition, the accuracy of the drawing work is improved.
In addition, when the weed rod 157 is rotated, the working angle of the auxiliary scoring device 176 can be changed by configuring the scraping cover 172 so that it can rotate in conjunction with it. Since the angle can be adjusted and the scraping work can be performed, the efficiency of the scraping work on the foliage is improved.
As shown in FIG. 19, the left and right strip number adjustment frames 151, 151 are formed into a bowl shape, and a front lock portion 181 is formed on the front side and the inner side of the strip number adjustment frame 151. A rear lock portion 182 is formed on the rear side. Then, a holding slide frame 183 having a length substantially the same as the length of the front lock portion 181 to the front lock portion 182 is provided on the left and right pull-out frames 15 and 15 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction. A plurality of pressing tension rollers 184 that press the pulling and conveying belts 18 and 18 are rotatably disposed on 183 and 183. Further, the left and right sandwiching slide frames 183 and 183 are notched with stopper grooves 183a that are caught by the rear lock portions 182 and 182 when being slid rearward.
Further, operation grips 185 for allowing the operator to slide the holding slide frames 183 and 183 back and forth are provided at the rear portions of the left and right holding slide frames 183 and 183, respectively, and the rear end portions of the holding slide frames 183 and 183 and the pull-out frame 15 are provided. , 15 are provided with tension springs 187 for pulling the holding slide frames 183, 183 to the rear side of the machine body between the fixing plates 186, 186, respectively, thereby constituting the strip number changing mechanisms 188, 188.
When the sandwiching slide frame 183 is positioned between the front lock portion 181 and the rear lock portion 182 and locked, the strip number changing mechanism 188 is substantially parallel to the drawing conveyance path R. In addition to the posture, the plurality of pressing tension rollers 184... Press the position near the front end of the pulling and conveying belt 18, so that the left and right pulling and conveying belts 18 and 18 are in close contact with each other to form a single digging form.
On the other hand, when the operation grip 185 is grasped and the rear lock portion 182 is pulled to the rear side with a force with which the strip number adjusting frame 151 can get over, the left and right strip number adjusting frames 151 and 151 are separated toward the conveyance start end side and left and right Since the plurality of pressing tension rollers 184 press the left and right drawing / conveying belts 18 and 18 at a position where the drawing and conveying belts 18 and 18 start to come into close contact with each other, a left and right interval portion is formed in the vicinity of the conveyance start end portion, and two strips are formed. The stem and leaf part of the onion can be guided and becomes a two-row digging form.
In the operation of the holding slide frame 183, the operator needs to operate with at least a force capable of getting over the rear lock portion 182. However, since the tension spring 187 biases the holding slide frame 183 rearward, It is possible to operate with light power. Thereby, the labor of the operator is reduced. However, when the left and right vibration soliters 34 and 34 dig up the unevenness of the field and the soil around the onion, when the vibration occurs in the airframe, the holding slide frame 183 is moved to the rear lock portion. There is a risk that the number of mines will suddenly change after 182. In order to prevent this, lock handles 189 and 189 are provided to switch between a locked state that restricts the rotation of the number adjustment frames 151 and 151 and an unlocked state that releases the rotation restriction of the number adjustment frames 151 and 151. If the lock handles 189 and 189 are not released, the strip adjustment frames 151 and 151 do not rotate, and the sandwiching slide frames 183 and 183 cannot move backward.
With the above-described configuration, the holding slide frames 183 and 183 are moved back and forth to change the single digging and the double digging, so that the pulling conveying belts 18 and 18 are pushed by the pressing tension rollers 184 provided on the holding slide frames 183 and 183. Since the number of digging strips can be changed by pressing the number of pressing tension rollers 184..., The cost can be reduced.
Further, since the stopper slide 183a that is hooked to the rear lock portion 182 is formed in the sandwich slide frame 183, the sandwich slide frame 183 is operated until the stopper groove 183a is hooked to the rear lock portion 182. Since it becomes the position, the stems and leaves for the two strips can be reliably pulled out by the drawing / conveying device 24, and the stems and leaves are prevented from clogging the drawing / conveying start end, thereby improving the work efficiency.

６Ｌ 左側のクローラ（走行装置）
６Ｒ 右側のクローラ（走行装置）
２４ 引抜搬送装置
５４ 位置揃え装置
７５ 作物搬送コンベア（作物搬送装置）
６１ 茎葉切断装置
７７ 貯留ホッパ（貯留部材）
８３ 根切り搬送ベルト（搬送体）
８７ 根部切断刃（根部切断部材）
９４ 葉切り搬送ベルト（搬送体）
９８ 茎葉部切断部材（茎葉部切断部材）
１０４ 調製搬送装置
１０５ 茎葉排出シュータ（排出部材）
１０６ 収容容器（収容部材）
１０７ 作物排出シュータ（作物排出部材）
１０７ａ 固定シュータ（固定排出部材）
１０７ｂ 回動シュータ（回動排出部材）
１１０ 調製搬送入切スイッチ（回動検知部材）
１１３ 収容作業部（収容部）
２１３ 補助位置揃え装置（位置揃え装置） 6L Left crawler (traveling device)
6R Crawler on the right side (travel device)
24 Pulling and Conveying Device 54 Positioning Device 75 Crop Conveyor (Crop Conveying Device)
61 Forage cutting device 77 Storage hopper (storage member)
83 Root cutting conveyor belt (conveyor)
87 Root cutting blade (Root cutting member)
94 Leaf cutting conveyor belt (conveyor)
98 Foliage cutting member (foliage cutting member)
104 Preparation and conveyance device 105 Foliage discharge shooter (discharge member)
106 Storage container (storage member)
107 Crop discharge shooter (Crop discharge member)
107a Fixed shooter (fixed discharge member)
107b Rotating shooter (Rotating discharge member)
110 Preparation conveyance on / off switch (rotation detection member)
113 Accommodation operation part
213 Auxiliary alignment device (alignment device)

Claims (5)

圃場から作物を引き抜いて搬送する引抜搬送装置（２４）を設け、該引抜搬送装置で搬送された作物を貯留する貯留部材（７８）を設け、この作物を搬送しながら根部を除去する調製搬送装置（１０４）を設け、該調製搬送装置（１０４）から排出される作物を収容する収容部（１１３）を設け、
前記引抜搬送装置（２４）に作物の茎葉部の切断位置を揃える位置揃え装置（５４，２１３）を設け、該位置揃え装置（５４，２１３）で揃えた作物の茎葉部を切断する茎葉切断装置（６１）を設け、該茎葉切断装置（６１）の下方に落下する作物を受けて左右一側から左右他側に搬送する作物搬送装置（７５）を設け、該作物搬送装置（７５）の搬送終端側に前記貯留部材（７８）を設け、該貯留部材（７８）の左右他側に前記調製搬送装置（１０４）の搬送始端側を設けたことを特徴とする農作物収穫機。 A pulling and conveying device (24) for pulling out and conveying a crop from a field, a storage member (78) for storing the crop conveyed by the pulling and conveying device, and a preparation conveying device for removing the root while conveying this crop (104), a storage unit (113) for storing the crop discharged from the preparation transport device (104) ,
The pulling and conveying device (24) is provided with a position aligning device (54, 213) for aligning the cutting position of the crop foliage, and a foliage cutting device for cutting the crop foliage aligned with the position aligning device (54, 213). (61), a crop transport device (75) for receiving a crop falling below the foliage cutting device (61) and transporting it from one side to the other side is provided, and the crop transport device (75) is transported The crop harvesting machine , wherein the storage member (78) is provided on the end side, and the conveyance start end side of the preparation conveyance device (104) is provided on the left and right other sides of the storage member (78) . 前記位置揃え装置（５４，２１３）を上下及び前後方向に位置調節自在に構成したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の農作物収穫機。 2. The crop harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the position aligning device (54, 213) is configured to be adjustable in the vertical and longitudinal directions . 前記調製搬送装置（１０４）は、作物を搬送する搬送体（８３，８３，９４，９４）と、該搬送体（８３，８３，９４，９４）の搬送方向上手側に配置される作物の根部を切断する根部切断部材（８７，８７）と、前記搬送体（８３，８３，９４，９４）の搬送方向下手側に配置される作物の茎葉部を切断する茎葉部切断部材（９８，９８）と、該茎葉部切断部材（９８，９８）の下方に配置される切断された茎葉部を機外に排出する排出部材（１０５）を備えて構成し、
前記根部切断部材（８７，８７）の下方に走行装置（６Ｌ，６Ｒ）を配置したことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の農作物収穫機。 The preparation transport device (104) includes a transport body (83, 83, 94, 94) for transporting a crop, and a root portion of the crop disposed on the upper side in the transport direction of the transport body (83, 83, 94, 94). Root cutting members (87, 87) for cutting stalks, and foliage cutting members (98, 98) for cutting shoots and leaves of crops arranged on the lower side in the transport direction of the transport body (83, 83, 94, 94) And a discharge member (105) for discharging the cut foliage portion disposed below the foliage cutting member (98, 98) to the outside of the apparatus,
The crop harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a traveling device (6L, 6R) is arranged below the root cutting member (87, 87) . 前記貯留部材（７８）及び調製搬送装置（１０４）の後方に、前記貯留部材（７８）から調製搬送装置（１０４）への作物の移動作業や不要な作物の選別作業等を行う作業者が着座する補助作業座席（１０８）を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１から３の何れか１項に記載の農作物収穫機。 An operator who performs a work of moving a crop from the storage member (78) to the preparation transport device (104), an operation of selecting an unnecessary crop, or the like is seated behind the storage member (78) and the preparation transport device (104). The crop harvesting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an auxiliary work seat (108) is provided . 前記調製搬送装置（１０４）の搬送終端側の下方に作物を収容する収容部材（１０６）を配置する前記収容部（１１３）と、該調製搬送装置（１０４）の搬送終端部に作物を該収容部（１１３）側に排出案内する作物排出部材（１０７）を設け、該作物排出部材（１０７）は下方傾斜姿勢で設ける固定排出部材（１０７ａ）と、該固定排出部材（１０７ａ）に上下回動自在に装着する回動排出部材（１０７ｂ）から構成し、該回動排出部材（１０７ｂ）の上方回動を検知する回動検知部材（１１０）を設け、該回動検知部材（１１０）が上方回動排出部材（１０７ｂ）の上方回動を検知すると調整搬送装置（１０４）を停止させる構成としたことを特徴とする請求項１から４の何れか１項に記載の農作物収穫機。 The accommodating part (113) for arranging the accommodating member (106) for accommodating the crop below the conveying terminal end side of the preparation conveying apparatus (104), and the accommodating of the crop in the conveying terminal part of the preparing conveying apparatus (104) A crop discharge member (107) that guides discharge to the section (113) side is provided, the crop discharge member (107) is provided in a downward inclined posture, and a fixed discharge member (107a) provided in a downwardly inclined posture, and the fixed discharge member (107a) is turned up and down. A rotation discharge member (107b) that can be freely mounted is provided, and a rotation detection member (110) that detects an upward rotation of the rotation discharge member (107b) is provided. The crop harvesting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the adjustment conveying device (104) is stopped when an upward rotation of the rotation discharge member (107b) is detected .
JP2012147627A 2012-06-29 2012-06-29 Crop harvesting machine Expired - Fee Related JP6069908B2 (en)

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KR102187876B1 (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-12-07 주식회사 선공 Manufacturing Method of Extruded Concrete Using Recycled Harmless Asbestos Fiber

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