JP5198199B2 - Poultry feed to improve productivity after induction molting and its breeding method - Google Patents
Poultry feed to improve productivity after induction molting and its breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- 229960003067 cystine Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
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- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、成鶏用飼料とその給与方法に関する。詳しくは、誘導換羽後のセカンドサイクルの生産性を改善させる成鶏用飼料とその適切な給与方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an adult chicken feed and a method for feeding the same. Specifically, it relates to a feed for adult chickens that improves the productivity of the second cycle after induction molting and an appropriate feeding method thereof.
雌鶏は、秋から冬にかけて、ホルモンの関係で２〜４月間ほど産卵を休止し、この期間に雌鶏の古い羽毛が抜け落ちて新しい羽毛に換わり、いわゆる「自然換羽」がおこる。この「換羽」を人為的に誘起させることを「誘導換羽」という。 From autumn to winter, hens lay eggs for about 2 to 4 months due to hormones. During this period, the hen's old feathers fall off and replace with new feathers, so-called “natural molting” occurs. The artificial induction of this “molt” is called “guided molt”.
一般に、採卵鶏は、日齢の経過と共に産卵率の低下と卵殻質の劣化から８０〜８５週齢で淘汰されるが、換羽を実施すれば１００〜１０５週齢に産卵期間を延長できると言われている。 In general, egg-laying hens are beaten at 80-85 weeks of age due to a decrease in egg-laying rate and deterioration of eggshell quality with the passage of age, but it is said that the egg-laying period can be extended to 100-105 weeks of age by carrying out molting It has been broken.
従来の一般的な誘導換羽は、採卵鶏が６５〜７０週齢に達した頃、絶食（断餌）と鶏舎の点灯時間の短縮という厳しい条件下でおこなわれる。その結果、採卵鶏の性ホルモンの分泌が抑制され、体重は開始時に比べ２５〜３０％減少し、この時点で採卵鶏の羽が抜け落ち、産卵を停止する。 Conventional general induced molting is performed under severe conditions such as fasting (fasting) and shortening of lighting time of the poultry house when the egg-laying hen reaches 65 to 70 weeks of age. As a result, the secretion of sex hormones in the laying hens is suppressed, and the body weight is reduced by 25 to 30% compared to the start time. At this point, the wings of the laying hens fall out and the egg laying is stopped.
誘導換羽後の給与飼料は通常、成鶏用飼料であり、給与方法としては飽食あるいは定量給餌が一般的である。飽食にすると産卵立上りはスムーズになるが、卵重の過大化に伴う鶏卵の商品化率悪化の問題点があった。また、定量給餌にすると、卵重はコントロールできるが、産卵の立上りが遅れ、体重のバラツキが増大し、卵殻質が悪化する問題点があった。一部、採卵育成鶏の大雛用飼料を給与する場合もあるが、Caと有効リン含量が低いため、骨の健全性が損なわれ、卵殻質の悪化に伴う鶏卵の商品化率悪化の問題点があった。 The feed after induction molting is usually a feed for adult chickens, and the feeding method is generally satiation or quantitative feeding. Saturation makes the rise of egg laying smooth, but there is a problem of deterioration in the commercialization rate of eggs due to excessive egg weight. In addition, although the egg weight can be controlled by using a constant feeding, there is a problem that the rise of egg laying is delayed, the variation in body weight is increased, and the eggshell quality is deteriorated. In some cases, feed for large chicks of egg-raising chickens may be fed, but due to the low Ca and effective phosphorus content, the soundness of bone is impaired and the egg commercialization rate deteriorates due to the deterioration of eggshell quality. There was a point.
このような従来技術における問題点を改善する手段として、非特許文献１には、粗タンパク（CP）16%、代謝エネルギー（ME）2810kcal/kg、Ca3%、含硫アミノ酸0.70%以上の飼料を断餌後2日間45g、その後50%産卵まで飽食給与する方法が公開され、非特許文献２にはCPレベルの高い方が早期産卵回復を促し、CPレベルが低いと卵重が小さくなることが示されており、同様の結果を非特許文献３でも見ることができる。 As a means of improving such problems in the prior art, Non-Patent Document 1 includes a feed comprising crude protein (CP) 16%, metabolic energy (ME) 2810 kcal / kg, Ca3%, and sulfur-containing amino acids 0.70% or more. A method of feeding satiation until 45g for 2 days after fasting and then 50% egg laying is disclosed. Non-patent document 2 suggests that higher CP level promotes early egg-laying recovery, and egg weight decreases when CP level is low. Similar results can be seen in Non-Patent Document 3.
しかし、非特許文献１では定量給餌をすることにより、鶏群の体重バラツキの増大、卵殻質の悪化の懸念があり、非特許文献２、３に至っては卵重コントロールと早期産卵回復の両立が難しい。 However, in Non-Patent Document 1, there is a concern about increased weight variation of chicken flocks and deterioration of eggshell quality by feeding a fixed amount. In Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3, both egg weight control and early egg-laying recovery are compatible. difficult.
卵重をコントロールする技術について、特許文献１には、グルコース含有の液体飼料を用いて鶏の摂取量を抑えて、卵重をコントロールする技術について開示されている。しかし、液体飼料は通常の配合飼料に混合した場合にカビなどの発生リスクがあり、仮に飲水投与する場合でも農場サイドで非常に手間がかかるため、実用的ではない。 Regarding the technique for controlling egg weight, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for controlling the egg weight by suppressing the intake of chickens by using a liquid feed containing glucose. However, liquid feed is not practical because there is a risk of generation of mold and the like when mixed with normal mixed feed, and even if it is administered with drinking water, it takes much labor on the farm side.
このように、誘導換羽後の採卵鶏に対し、産卵の立ち上がりがスムーズで、且つ適切な卵重と卵殻質が良好な鶏卵を得ることができる飼料とその給餌方法の開発が強く望まれていた。
本発明は、誘導換羽後の飼料給与に当たり、卵重コントロールをしながら産卵の立上りを早くし、セカンドサイクルの卵殻質を改善できる採卵鶏用の配合飼料（成鶏用飼料）とその適切な給餌方法を提供する。 The present invention provides a mixed feed for laying hens (adult feed) and an appropriate feed thereof that can accelerate the rise of egg laying while controlling the egg weight and improve the shell quality of the second cycle when feeding feed after induced molting Provide a method.
本発明者らは、誘導換羽後の採卵鶏に、代謝エネルギーを特定範囲とすると共に特定成分の配合量を調整した飼料を特定期間給与するすることにより、上記の課題が解決されることを見出し本発明に至ったものである。
すなわち、本発明は、代謝エネルギー（ME）を2400〜2600kcal/kgに、Caを2.0〜5.0%に、リンを0.60〜0.90%、リジン含量に対するメチオニン＋シスチン含量の比率を0.8〜1.0に、かつ嵩比重を0.45〜0.60kg/Lに調整してあるマッシュ、クランブルあるいはペレット形状の成鶏用飼料と、それを誘導換羽後の採卵鶏に飽食状態を維持しながら1から3週間給与を行う方法である。
The present inventors have found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by feeding the egg-laying hens after induction molting for a specific period with a feed in which the metabolic energy is within a specific range and the blending amount of the specific component is adjusted. The present invention has been achieved.
That is, the present invention provides a metabolic energy (ME) of 2400-2600 kcal / kg, Ca of 2.0-5.0%, phosphorus of 0.60-0.90%, a ratio of methionine + cystine content to lysine content of 0.8-1.0, and Feeding for adult mash, crumble or pellet shaped chickens with bulk specific gravity adjusted to 0.45-0.60kg / L, and feeding them for 1 to 3 weeks while maintaining satiety in the hens after induction molting It is.
採卵鶏が体重回復及び母体の維持と産卵開始に必要な栄養成分に見合う飼料を飽食で摂取できるため、鶏群の体重バラツキが低減し、産卵の立上りがスムーズになり、卵重コントロールが可能になる。更に飽食給与で適切なミネラル及びビタミンを均一に摂取できることにより、骨の健全性が保たれ、卵殻質が改善され、結果としてセカンドサイクルの産卵成績が改善される。 The egg-laying hen can eat the feed that meets the nutritional components necessary for weight recovery, maintenance of the mother's body and the start of egg laying, thereby reducing the weight variation of the flock, smoothing the rise of the egg laying, and controlling the egg weight Become. Furthermore, since the proper minerals and vitamins can be ingested uniformly with a satiety feed, the soundness of the bone is maintained, the eggshell quality is improved, and as a result, the egg-laying performance of the second cycle is improved.
本発明が対象とする家禽には、採卵鶏や種鶏等も含まれる。 The poultry targeted by the present invention includes egg-collecting chickens and seed chickens.
本発明で、誘導換羽とは、絶食や絶水を実施するほか、本発明者らが開発した誘導換羽用配合飼料（特開２００５−２４５２０５号公報）の給与により、産卵が休止することをいう。 In the present invention, induced molting means that, in addition to carrying out fasting and water dehydration, egg laying is suspended by feeding of a mixed feed for induced molting developed by the present inventors (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-245205). .
本発明の飼料は、穀類を主原料とし、糟糠類や植物性油かす類を適量配合することにより、その代謝エネルギー（ＭＥ）及びかさ密度を特定範囲に調整すると共に、飼料に含まれるＣａ、リン、およびリジン含量に対するメチオニン＋シスチン含量の比率を特定範囲に調整したものである。 The feed of the present invention uses cereals as the main raw material, and mixes appropriate amounts of potatoes and vegetable oil cakes, thereby adjusting its metabolic energy (ME) and bulk density to a specific range, and Ca contained in the feed, The ratio of methionine + cystine content to phosphorus and lysine content is adjusted to a specific range.
本発明において、飼料の代謝エネルギー（ＭＥ）を2400〜2600kcal/kgの範囲に調整する必要がある。飼料の代謝エネルギーが2400kcal/kg未満では、産卵の立上りが悪く、2600kcal/kgを超えると卵重の過大化が生じる。
代謝エネルギーの調節は、代謝エネルギーの比較的高い飼料成分の配合量を変更することにより行なうことが簡便である。代謝エネルギーの比較的高い飼料成分としては飼料用油脂等が例示される。
In the present invention, it is necessary to adjust the metabolic energy (ME) of feed to a range of 2400-2600 kcal / kg. If the metabolic energy of the feed is less than 2400 kcal / kg, the egg-laying will be poor, and if it exceeds 2600 kcal / kg, the egg weight will become excessive.
It is easy to adjust the metabolic energy by changing the blending amount of a feed ingredient having a relatively high metabolic energy. Examples of feed components having a relatively high metabolic energy include feed fats and oils.
本発明において、飼料に含有されるＣａを2.0〜5.0%の範囲に調整する必要がある。飼料中のＣａ含量が2.0％未満では、卵殻強度が余り改善させず、5.0％を超えると過剰なCa摂取による腎臓症、痛風、尿石症などの発病率が高まり、残存率が悪化するという問題を生じる。
飼料中のＣａ含量を調節するには、Ｃａ含有飼料成分の配合量を増減して行なう。Ｃａ含有成分としては、炭酸カルシウム等が例示される。
In the present invention, it is necessary to adjust Ca contained in the feed to a range of 2.0 to 5.0%. If the Ca content in the feed is less than 2.0%, the eggshell strength will not improve much, and if it exceeds 5.0%, the incidence of nephropathy, gout, urolithiasis, etc. due to excessive Ca intake will increase and the survival rate will deteriorate. Cause problems.
In order to adjust the Ca content in the feed, the amount of the Ca-containing feed component is increased or decreased. Examples of the Ca-containing component include calcium carbonate.
本発明において、飼料に含有されるリンを0.60〜0.90%の範囲に調整する必要がある。飼料中のリン含量が0.60％未満では、卵殻強度の改善が望めず、0.90％を超えても効果が上がらず、余剰のリンが糞と共に排出されるので環境負荷を高めてしまうという問題を生じる。
飼料中のリン含量を調節するには、リン含有飼料成分の配合量を増減して行なう。リン含有成分としては、りん酸カルシウム等が例示される。
In the present invention, it is necessary to adjust the phosphorus contained in the feed to a range of 0.60 to 0.90%. If the phosphorus content in the feed is less than 0.60%, the improvement of eggshell strength cannot be expected, and if it exceeds 0.90%, the effect will not be improved, and excess phosphorus will be discharged together with feces, resulting in a problem of increasing the environmental load. .
To adjust the phosphorus content in the feed, the amount of the phosphorus-containing feed component is increased or decreased. Examples of the phosphorus-containing component include calcium phosphate.
本発明において、飼料に含有されるリジン含量に対するメチオニン＋シスチン含量の比率を0.8〜1.0の範囲に調整する必要がある。飼料中のリジン含量に対するメチオニン＋シスチン含量の比率が0.8未満では、産卵の立上りがよくなく、1.0を超えると卵重が過大となる。
飼料中のリジン含量に対するメチオニン＋シスチン含量の比率を調節するには、リジン、メチオニン及びシスチンを含有する成分、あるいは市販の製剤の添加量を増減して行なう。リジンを含有する飼料成分としては単体リジンや植物性油かす類等、メチオニンを含有する飼料成分としては単体メチオニンや動物性原料等、シスチンを含有する飼料成分としてはコーングルテンミール等が例示される。
In the present invention, it is necessary to adjust the ratio of the methionine + cystine content to the lysine content contained in the feed in the range of 0.8 to 1.0. If the ratio of the methionine + cystine content to the lysine content in the feed is less than 0.8, the egg-laying will not start well, and if it exceeds 1.0, the egg weight will be excessive.
In order to adjust the ratio of methionine + cystine content to the lysine content in the feed, the amount of lysine, methionine and cystine-containing components, or commercially available preparations is increased or decreased. Examples of feed components containing lysine include simple lysine and vegetable oil residue, feed components containing methionine include simple methionine and animal raw materials, and feed components containing cystine include corn gluten meal and the like .
本発明の改良飼料の給与は、換羽後、１週間から３週間の間、飽食で実施することは必要である。１週間未満では、セカンドサイクル後半での卵殻強度が悪化してしまい、３週間を超えて給与すると産卵の立上りが遅れてしまう。また、定量給餌では、良好な卵殻質が望めない。 It is necessary to feed the improved feed of the present invention by satiation for 1 to 3 weeks after molting. If it is less than one week, the eggshell strength in the second half of the second cycle deteriorates, and if it is fed for more than three weeks, the rise of egg laying is delayed. In addition, good eggshell quality cannot be expected with quantitative feeding.
＜産卵立上りと卵重コントロール［１］）（リジン（Lys）含量に対するメチオニン（M）＋シスチン（C）含量の比率（M+C/Lys）の反応）＞
（１）試験方法
68週令の白色レグホーン（ジュリア）500羽を「絶食を伴わない誘導換羽法」にて3週間誘導換羽後に、各区100羽ずつ5つに分け、表1に示す「M+C/Lys比率の異なる成鶏用飼料」を2週間飽食にて不断給餌した。2週間後、全ての区を表2に示す配合飼料（市販の成鶏用飼料）に切り替え、各区ごとに卵重と産卵率について調査した。
<Laying egg-laying and egg weight control [1]) (Ratio of methionine (M) + cystine (C) content to lysine (Lys) content (M + C / Lys))>
(1) Test method
After a 3-week induction molting using the “Guide molting method without fasting”, 68 white leghorns (Julia) at 68 weeks of age were divided into 5 groups of 100 in each area, and the “M + C / Lys ratio “Different fodder forage” was fed for 2 weeks by feeding. Two weeks later, all groups were switched to the mixed feed shown in Table 2 (commercial feed for adult chickens), and the egg weight and the egg-laying rate were investigated for each group.
（２）試験結果
各週令ごとに、産卵された卵の個数と重量を測定しその平均値を求めた。結果は表3〜4に示す通りである。
(2) Test results The number and weight of eggs laid were measured for each week and the average value was determined. The results are as shown in Tables 3-4.
（３）所見
リジン含量に対するメチオニン＋シスチン含量の比率が1.0を超える5区は、卵重が過大化しているが、リジン含量に対するメチオニン＋シスチン含量の比率が1.0以下である1〜4区は卵重の過大化が抑えられていることがわかる。また、産卵の立上りは2〜5区が良好でリジン含量に対するメチオニン＋シスチン含量の比率が0.8未満である1区が悪いことが確認できる。そのため、卵重コントロールと速やかな産卵立上りの両立のためには、誘導換羽後2週間のM+C/Lys比率は0.8〜1.0の範囲にする必要がある。
(3) Findings In the 5 sections where the ratio of methionine + cystine content to lysine content exceeds 1.0, the egg weight is excessive, but in the 1st to 4th sections, the ratio of methionine + cystine content to lysine content is 1.0 or less. It can be seen that the excessive overload is suppressed. Moreover, it can be confirmed that the rise of egg laying is good in 2 to 5 sections and bad in 1 section where the ratio of methionine + cystine content to lysine content is less than 0.8. Therefore, in order to achieve both egg weight control and quick egg-laying rise, the M + C / Lys ratio for 2 weeks after induced molting needs to be in the range of 0.8 to 1.0.
＜産卵立上りと卵重コントロール［２］）（代謝エネルギー（ME）の反応）＞
（１）試験方法
68週令の白色レグホーン（ジュリア）500羽を「絶食を伴わない誘導換羽法」にて3週間誘導換羽後に、各区100羽ずつ5つに分け、表5に示す「代謝エネルギー（ME）レベルの異なる成鶏用飼料」を2週間飽食にて不断給餌した。2週間後、全ての区を表2に示す配合飼料（市販の成鶏用飼料）に切り替え、各区ごとに卵重と産卵率について調査した。
<Rising of egg laying and egg weight control [2]) (Reaction of metabolic energy (ME))>
(1) Test method
After the 3-week induction molting of the 68-week-old white leghorn (Julia) using the “guidance without fasting” for 3 weeks, each group is divided into five, 100 “metabolic energy (ME) levels” “Different fodder forage” was fed for 2 weeks by feeding. Two weeks later, all groups were switched to the mixed feed shown in Table 2 (commercial feed for adult chickens), and the egg weight and the egg-laying rate were investigated for each group.
（２）試験結果
各週令ごとに、産卵された卵の個数と重量を測定しその平均値を求めた。結果は表6〜7に示す通りである。
(2) Test results The number and weight of eggs laid were measured for each week and the average value was determined. The results are as shown in Tables 6-7.
（３）所見
代謝エネルギー（ME）が2600kcal/kgを越える 5区は卵重が過大化しているが、代謝エネルギー（ME）が2600kcal/kg以下の 1から4区は卵重の過大化が抑えられていることがわかる。また、産卵の立上りは3から5区が良好で代謝エネルギー（ME）が2400kcal/kg未満の 1、2区が悪いことが確認できる。そのため、卵重コントロールと速やかな産卵立上りのためには、誘導換羽後2週間のMEレベルは2400〜2600kcal/kgの範囲が望ましいと言う事ができる。
(3) Findings The metabolic energy (ME) exceeds 2600kcal / kg, the 5th district has an excessive egg weight, but the metabolic energy (ME) is less than 2600kcal / kg, and the 1st to 4th districts suppress the excessive egg weight. You can see that In addition, it can be confirmed that the rise of egg laying is good in 3 to 5 districts and bad in 1 and 2 districts with metabolic energy (ME) less than 2400 kcal / kg. Therefore, it can be said that the ME level for 2 weeks after induced molting is preferably in the range of 2400-2600 kcal / kg for egg weight control and quick start of egg-laying.
＜骨の健全性と卵殻質改善［１］（Caレベル）＞
（１）試験方法
68週令の白色レグホーン（ジュリア）600羽を「絶食を伴わない誘導換羽法」にて3週間誘導換羽後に、各区100羽ずつ6つに分け、表8に示す「カルシウム（Ca）レベルの異なる成鶏用飼料」を2週間飽食にて不断給餌した。2週間後、全ての区を表2に示す配合飼料（市販の成鶏用飼料）に切り替え、各区ごとに卵殻強度と大腿骨中の灰分含量、残存率について調査した。卵殻強度については、産卵された鶏卵全てを富士平工業製の卵殻強度計にて測定した。骨中灰分含量については、誘導換羽終了後と供試飼料給与直後の2回各区3羽ずつ供試し、右大腿骨の周囲の肉をアルカリで落とした後、乾燥させたもので測定した。
<Bone health and eggshell quality improvement [1] (Ca level)>
(1) Test method
Sixty sixty-week-old white leghorns (Julia) were divided into six for each ward after three-week induction molting using the “guidance molting method without fasting”. “Adult feed” was fed for 2 weeks by feeding. Two weeks later, all the groups were switched to the mixed feed shown in Table 2 (commercial feed for adult chickens), and the eggshell strength, the ash content in the femur, and the residual rate were investigated for each group. Regarding eggshell strength, all eggs laid were measured with an eggshell strength meter manufactured by Fujihira. The ash content in the bone was measured using three chickens in each group twice after the induction molting and immediately after feeding the test feed, and the meat around the right femur was dropped with alkali and dried.
（２）試験結果
測定結果は表9〜11に示す通りである。
(2) Test results The measurement results are as shown in Tables 9-11.
（３）所見
Caを2.0%以上含む2〜6区の卵殻強度は産卵立上りから大きく改善されており、セカンドサイクルの後半まで良好に推移したが、Caが1.0%未満の1区では、卵殻強度はあまり改善しなかった。大腿骨中の灰分含量についても2〜6区において誘導換羽直後から高くなり、改善されたが、1区では、ほとんど改善しなかった。
しかし、残存率については、Ca含量が5.0%を超える6区が明らかに低く、特に産卵ピークの換羽後10週令までの減耗率が高いことが確認できる。これは非特許文献（Disease of Poultry 10th Edition (ISDN 0 7234 2955 3) pp63）に示されているように、過剰なCa摂取によってネフローゼ（腎臓症）や痛風、尿石症を発症したものと思われる。
そのため、骨の健全性と卵殻質改善、残存率改善のためのカルシウムレベルは2.0〜5.0%の範囲にしておくことが望ましいと言う事ができる。
(3) Findings
The eggshell strength in 2-6 sections containing 2.0% or more of Ca was greatly improved from the start of egg laying, and remained good until the second half of the second cycle. However, in the first section where Ca was less than 1.0%, the eggshell strength improved much. There wasn't. The ash content in the femur also increased and improved immediately after induction molting in 2-6 sections, but almost no improvement in 1 section.
However, with regard to the survival rate, the 6 districts with Ca content exceeding 5.0% are clearly low, and it can be confirmed that the depletion rate is particularly high up to 10 weeks after the egg-laying peak. As shown in non-patent literature (Disease of Poultry 10 th Edition (ISDN 0 7234 2955 3) pp63), excessive Ca intake caused nephrosis (nephropathy), gout and urolithiasis. Seem.
Therefore, it can be said that it is desirable to keep the calcium level for improving bone soundness, eggshell quality and survival rate in the range of 2.0 to 5.0%.
＜骨の健全性と卵殻質改善［２］（リンレベル）＞
（１）試験方法
68週令の白色レグホーン（ジュリア）500羽を「絶食を伴わない誘導換羽法」にて3週間誘導換羽後に、各区100羽ずつ5つに分け、表12に示す「リンレベルの異なる成鶏用飼料」を2週間飽食にて不断給餌した。2週間後、全ての区を表2に示す配合飼料（市販の成鶏用飼料）に切り替え、各区ごとに卵殻強度と大腿骨中の灰分含量について調査した。卵殻強度については、産卵された鶏卵全てを富士平工業製の卵殻強度計にて測定した。骨中灰分含量については、誘導換羽終了後と供試飼料給与直後の2回各区3羽ずつ供試し、右大腿骨の周囲の肉をアルカリで落とした後、乾燥させたもので測定した。
<Bone health and eggshell quality improvement [2] (phosphorus level)>
(1) Test method
After cultivating 500 white 68-week-old white leghorns (Julia) for 3 weeks using the “guidance-free molting method without fasting”, each ward is divided into 5 groups of 100, and “Table 12 for adult chickens with different phosphorus levels” The “feed” was fed continuously by satiation for 2 weeks. Two weeks later, all the groups were switched to the mixed feed shown in Table 2 (commercial feed for adult chickens), and the eggshell strength and the ash content in the femur were examined for each group. Regarding eggshell strength, all eggs laid were measured with an eggshell strength meter manufactured by Fujihira. The ash content in the bone was measured using three chickens in each group twice after the induction molting and immediately after feeding the test feed, and the meat around the right femur was dropped with alkali and dried.
（２）試験結果
測定結果は表13〜14に示す通りである。
(2) Test results The measurement results are as shown in Tables 13-14.
（３）所見
リンレベルが0.60%以上である2から5区は、産卵立上りからピークにかけての5、10週令において開始前対比で大きく卵殻強度が改善されていることが確認できる。一方、供試飼料給与直後の骨中灰分含量も2から5区において高くなっており速やかに骨が回復していることがわかる。以上のことより、セカンドサイクルの産卵立上り〜後半にかけての骨の健全性と卵殻質改善のためには、リンレベルを0.60%以上にしておく必要があると言える。
尚、リンレベルを0.90%以上にしてもそれ以上体内で利用されずに糞とともにリンが排出されて環境負荷になること、また、費用対効果の観点から見合わないため、リンレベルは0.60〜0.90%の範囲にすることが望ましいと言える。
(3) Findings It can be confirmed that the eggshell strength is greatly improved in the 2nd to 5th districts where the phosphorus level is 0.60% or more compared with the pre-start at the 5th to 10th week from the start of spawning to the peak. On the other hand, the ash content in the bone immediately after feeding the test feed was also high in the 2 to 5 districts, indicating that the bone was quickly recovered. From the above, it can be said that it is necessary to keep the phosphorus level at 0.60% or more in order to improve bone soundness and eggshell quality from the start to the second half of egg-laying in the second cycle.
In addition, even if the phosphorus level is 0.90% or more, it is not used in the body any more and the phosphorus is discharged together with feces and becomes an environmental burden, and since it is not commensurate from the viewpoint of cost effectiveness, the phosphorus level is 0.60 ~ It can be said that the range of 0.90% is desirable.
＜性能の確認試験（成鶏用の飽食・定量、大雛用飽食との比較＞
（１）試験方法
68週令の白色レグホーン（ジュリア）400羽を「絶食を伴わない誘導換羽法」にて3週間誘導換羽後に、各区100羽ずつ4つに分け、表15に示す飼料を2週間不断給餌した。1区は成鶏用を飽食にて給与、2区は成鶏用を100g/羽の定量にて給与、3区は大雛用を、4区は改良用をそれぞれ飽食にて給与した。2週間後、全ての区を表2に示す配合飼料（市販の成鶏用飼料）に切り替え、各区ごとに産卵率、卵重、卵殻強度と体重の変動係数について調査した。
<Performance confirmation test (saturation / quantification for adult chicken, comparison with satin for large chicks>
(1) Test method
After inducing and molting 400 white 68-week-old white leghorns (Julia) for 3 weeks using the “Induced molting method without fasting”, each group was divided into 4 groups of 100, and the feed shown in Table 15 was fed continuously for 2 weeks. In 1st district, adult chicken was fed with satiation, 2nd district was fed with adult chicken at a fixed rate of 100g / feather, 3rd district was fed for large chicks, and 4th district was fed with satiation. Two weeks later, all groups were switched to the mixed feed shown in Table 2 (commercial feed for adult chickens), and the egg-laying rate, egg weight, eggshell strength, and coefficient of variation of body weight were investigated for each group.
（２）試験結果
試験結果は表16〜19に示す通りである。
(2) Test results The test results are as shown in Tables 16-19.
（３）所見
2、3、4区は、卵重がコントロールされており、特に2、4区は低く抑えられていることが確認できるため、成鶏用の飽食あるいは大雛用の飽食では卵重抑制が不可能あるいは困難ということがわかる。一方、産卵の立上りは、1、3、4区で良好に推移しており、これは、体重のバラツキを示す変動係数についても同じ傾向が見られ、1、3、4区でバラツキが低減しているため、体重のバラツキを低減し、産卵立上りをスムーズにさせるためには、成鶏用飼料の定量給餌法では不可能ということがわかる。
卵殻強度は1、4区で産卵立上りから産卵後半まで良好に推移していることより、成鶏用定量給餌法や大雛用飽食では良好な卵殻質にはならないことがわかる。
以上の結果を踏まえると、誘導換羽後のセカンドサイクルの体重バラツキを低減して産卵立上りをスムーズにし、かつ卵重コントロールと卵殻質を改善させるには、本発明の飼料を飽食にて2週間給与する方法が最も有効であることが明らかである。
(3) Findings
In 2, 3 and 4 sections, egg weight is controlled, and especially in sections 2 and 4 it can be confirmed that egg weight control is not low in satiation for adult chickens or satin for large chicks. It turns out that it is possible or difficult. On the other hand, the rise in egg production has been favorable in the first, third, and fourth wards, and the same tendency can be seen in the coefficient of variation indicating the variation in body weight, and the variation has decreased in the first, third, and fourth wards. Therefore, it can be seen that the quantitative feeding method for feed for adult chickens is not possible in order to reduce the variation in body weight and make the egg-laying rise smoothly.
The eggshell strength has been favorable in the 1st and 4th wards from the start of spawning to the second half of the spawning, indicating that the quantitative feeding method for adult chickens and satin feeding for large chicks do not provide good eggshell quality.
Based on the above results, the feed of the present invention was fed for 2 weeks by satiation to reduce the weight variation of the second cycle after induction molting, smooth the egg-laying rise, and improve the egg weight control and eggshell quality. It is clear that the method to do is the most effective.
＜給与期間の策定＞
（１）試験方法
68週令の白色レグホーン（ジュリア）500羽を「絶食を伴わない誘導換羽法」にて3週間誘導換羽後に、各区100羽ずつ5つに分け、表15に示す本発明の「改良飼料」をそれぞれ、5、7、14、21、28日間飽食にて不断給餌した。「改良飼料」給与後は、それぞれ表2に示す配合飼料（市販の成鶏用飼料に切り替え、各区ごとに産卵率、卵重、卵殻強度と体重の変動係数について調査した。
<Formulation of salary period>
(1) Test method
After three-week induction molting with 500 “68-week-old white leghorns (Julia),” the “improved feed” of the present invention shown in Table 15 They were fed constantly by feeding for 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days, respectively. After the “improved feed” was fed, the mixed feeds shown in Table 2 (switched to commercially available feed for adult chickens) were examined, and the variation coefficient of egg-laying rate, egg weight, eggshell strength and body weight was investigated for each section.
（２）試験結果
試験結果は表20〜22に示す通りである。
(2) Test results The test results are as shown in Tables 20-22.
（３）所見
本発明の飼料を３週間以下、飽食にて不断給餌した1から4区は産卵立上りが良好であるが、本発明の飼料を５日間しか給餌していない1区は産卵ピークにかけて少し上昇が鈍っており、セカンドサイクル後半での卵殻強度の悪化が目立つ。一方、本発明の飼料を３週間を超えて飽食にて不断給餌した5区は明らかに産卵の立上りが遅れていることがわかる。また、卵重については全ての区で同等であることから、給与期間は7日〜21日間が望ましいと言える。
(3) Findings In the 1st to 4th sections where the feed of the present invention was continuously fed for 3 weeks or less by satiety, the egg-laying rise was good, but in the 1st section where the feed of the present invention was fed only for 5 days, the egg-laying peak was reached. The rise is a little dull, and the deterioration of eggshell strength in the second half of the second cycle is conspicuous. On the other hand, it can be seen that the rise of egg laying is clearly delayed in the 5 wards in which the feed of the present invention was continuously fed by satiation for more than 3 weeks. In addition, since egg weight is the same in all wards, it can be said that the salary period is preferably 7 to 21 days.
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| JP3877733B2 (en) * | 2004-03-01 | 2007-02-07 | 協同飼料株式会社 | Compound feed for adult chicken breeding and its feeding method |
| JP2005328704A (en) * | 2004-05-18 | 2005-12-02 | Nippon Formula Feed Mfg Co Ltd | Formula feed for poultry and method for breeding poultry using the same |
| JP4849940B2 (en) * | 2005-04-12 | 2012-01-11 | 日清丸紅飼料株式会社 | Forced moulting agent, feed for forced moulting and breeding method of laying hen |
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2008
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| CN105123616A (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2015-12-09 | 江苏京海禽业集团有限公司 | Fast-growing big broiler feeding method |
| CN105123616B (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2017-09-19 | 江苏京海禽业集团有限公司 | A kind of fast large-scale broiler feeding method |
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