JP5180256B2 - Method for producing petrochemical ashes and vacuum melting furnace - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing petrified ashes ash containing only the bone ash of cremation human bones and pet animals.

  Conventionally, as a method of memorializing deceased people and pet animals (pets), it has been common to decorate them with photos taken before life in photo frames etc., but in recent years these have died. A stone-like fired body that is fired at a high temperature so that people and pets (pets) can feel closer to them, and so that they can wear some of the remains and bone ash attached to these cremations (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP 2004-167135 A

  For survivors who request the manufacture of these calcined bodies, if the obtained calcined body contains only a very small amount of remains or bone ash, the person or pet animal (pet) who has died from the calcined body can be identified. Because there are less feelings, there are many survivors who wish to contain more remains or bone ash, and preferably only ashes or bone ash (100%), but depending on the method of Patent Document 1 In the case where more than half of these constituent materials are ashes or bone ash, the fired material is broken apart or cracked, and the molten ashes ash cannot be made into an integrated stone shape. There was a problem that petrified ashes ash containing only bone ash could not be produced well.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing petrified ashes ash that can produce petrified ashes ash containing only ashes or ashes.

In order to solve the above problems, the method for producing the petrified ashes of the present invention,
A crushing process for crushing the remains of ashes or pet animals, a depressurization process in which the ambient atmosphere of the outer cylinder crucible attached with only the crushed ashes ash is attached to a reduced pressure atmosphere, and a reduced pressure atmosphere a melting step of the remains ash melting the molten crucible, a slow cooling step of slow-cooling the petrochemical ashes ash which is integrated by melting in the melting process, a method of manufacturing the petrochemical remains ash containing And
In the slow cooling step, the space between the melting crucible and the outer cylinder crucible is insulated by a heat insulating material interposed between the melting crucible and the outer cylinder crucible .
According to this feature, by heating only the crushed ashes ash in a reduced-pressure atmosphere, while suppressing the change of the crushed ashes ash to a substance that is easily decomposed in a normal atmosphere including humidity, these Ashes ash can be melted, and petrochemical ashes ash containing only ashes ash can be produced. ) And the like can be reduced.

The vacuum melting furnace of the present invention is
A vacuum chamber used in a depressurization process in which the ambient atmosphere of the outer cylinder crucible to which only a crushed person or pet animal's crushed ashes ash is placed is attached, and a melting crucible disposed in the depressurized atmosphere A heating means used in a melting step for melting the remains ashes in the vacuum melting furnace,
It is further characterized by further comprising a heat insulating material interposed between the melting crucible and the outer cylinder crucible.
According to this feature, by heating only the crushed ashes ash in a reduced-pressure atmosphere, while suppressing the change of the crushed ashes ash to a substance that is easily decomposed in a normal atmosphere including humidity, these Ashes ash can be melted, and petrochemical ashes ash containing only ashes ash can be produced. ) And the like can be reduced.

The vacuum melting furnace of the present invention is
The said heat insulating material is comprised with the ceramic wool, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
According to this characteristic, a heat insulating material can be comprised with the material which can also endure the high temperature in a melting process called ceramic wool, and a heat insulating material can be used in both a process of a melting process and a slow cooling process.

It is a front view which shows a ball mill, a vacuum melting furnace, and a vibration sieve. It is a side view which shows a ball mill, a vacuum melting furnace, and a vibration sieve. It is a vertical front view which shows the internal structure of a vacuum melting furnace. It is a vertical side view which shows the internal structure of a vacuum melting furnace. (A), (b) is a figure which shows the fusion | melting condition of the ashes ash in a high-density carbon crucible. It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing method of petrified ashes ash. It is a perspective view which shows petrified remains ash.

  EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION The form for implementing the manufacturing method of the petrochemical ashes ash which concerns on this invention is demonstrated below based on an Example.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 is a front view showing a ball mill, a vibrating screen, and a vacuum melting furnace, and FIG. 2 is a side view showing the ball mill, the vibrating screen, and the vacuum melting furnace. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal front view showing the internal structure of the vacuum melting furnace, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal side view showing the internal structure of the vacuum melting furnace, and FIGS. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state of melting ashes ash in a high-density carbon crucible, FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a method for producing petrified ashes ash, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the obtained petrified ashes ash. .

  FIG. 1 shows a ball mill 1, a vibration sieve 3, and a vacuum melting furnace 2 that are necessary for carrying out the method for producing a petrochemical ashes ash of the present invention. The ball mill 1 is used for pulverizing the remains, the vibration sieve machine is used for classifying the crushed remains ashes, and the vacuum melting furnace 2 is used for heating and melting the remains.

  In this embodiment, the ball mill 1 is used as a means for pulverizing the remains ash (ashes), but the present invention is not limited to this, and the means for pulverizing these may be pulverization. You may use the machine, for example, the bone crusher etc. which are described in Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2003-201514.

  Moreover, the vibration sieve machine can use a general desktop type vibration sieve machine, and can also use a sonic sieve machine or the like.

  In addition, the vibration sieve machine is classified using a three-stage nylon mesh sieve. In the first stage, the input ashes ash is diffused to the front of the sieve surface to efficiently screen the remains. Place a very coarse mesh (30 mesh) sieve to remove impurities mixed in the ash, and place a 100 mesh sieve below it (second stage), and further below that (three stages) In the eye), a 150-mesh sieve is arranged so that the ashes ash that has passed through the 150-mesh can be taken out.

  As the particle size of the crushed ashes ash, it is preferable that the particle size is relatively small because the melting at the time of heating and melting is uniform and the time required for the melting is somewhat short, but this is too small. Since it is easily scattered and difficult to handle, it is preferably 200 μm or less (about 100 mesh or less), and preferably 120 μm or less (150 mesh) or less.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the vacuum melting furnace 2 includes a substantially cylindrical vacuum chamber 4 and a vacuum pump 5 connected to the vacuum chamber 4 for reducing the atmospheric pressure in the vacuum chamber 4 to bring it into a vacuum state. (See FIG. 2), an oscillating table 6 that supports the vacuum chamber 4 and the vacuum pump 5 and can apply vibration to the entire vacuum chamber 4 is provided. The vacuum chamber 4, the vacuum pump 5, and the vibrating table 6 are connected to the control unit 10 through electric cables 7, 8, and 9, and the operator can control the vacuum melting furnace 2 by operating the control unit 10. It is like that.

  As shown in FIG. 2, on the front surface of the vacuum chamber 4, an openable / closable lid 13 is provided in which a monitoring window 11 is formed for an operator to monitor the inside of the vacuum chamber 4. A connection part 14 is formed on the upper part of the vacuum chamber 4, and an adapter 15 provided with a monitoring window 12, a temperature sensor (not shown) and the like is connected to the connection part 14.

  In addition, a leak pipe 17 is provided in the connecting pipe 16 that connects the vacuum chamber 4 and the vacuum pump 5, and the decompressed state in the vacuum chamber 4 can be released by opening the leak valve 17.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the vacuum chamber 4 has a double wall dewar structure, and can insulate the inside and the outside of the vacuum chamber 4. Inside the vacuum chamber 4, there is provided a swinging table 19 that can swing in the vertical direction about a pivot 18 provided on the inner surface of the vacuum chamber 4. The swinging table 19 is located on the side of the vacuum chamber 4. It is swung by the drive of the drive motor 20 attached to the section.

  A crucible socket 22 for holding a high-density carbon crucible 21 is attached on the swing base 19, and a high-frequency coil 23 is wound around the crucible socket 22. The high frequency coil 23 is connected to a coaxial electrode 24 provided through the axis of the drive motor 20, and power is supplied to the coaxial electrode 24 from the control unit 10 via the electric cable 7. (See FIG. 1).

  FIG. 5 shows a high-density carbon crucible 21 used in this example. The high-density carbon crucible 21 has a bottomed cylindrical shape, and ashes ash is introduced into the inside thereof.

  As a carbon crucible for charging these ashes ash and melting the ashes ash, if the carbon density is low, the heat conductivity of the crucible is relatively low and temperature unevenness due to heating tends to occur. It is preferable to use a high-density carbon crucible with good quality.

  Further, as the thickness of these high-density carbon crucibles 21, if this is thin, heat from a high-frequency heating coil, which will be described later, is locally added to the ashes ash, deformation due to excessive convection due to temperature unevenness in the ashes ash, However, if the thickness is thick, the cause is not clear, but the phenomenon that the melt partially scatters frequently, so use a thickness around 3 mm. It is preferable to do.

  Next, a process for producing petrified ashes ash from ashes (ashes ash) using the ball mill 1, the vibration sieving machine 3, and the vacuum melting furnace 2 in the above-described embodiment will be described below based on the flowchart shown in FIG. 6. Explained.

  As shown in FIG. 6, first, only the ashes ash cremated in the crematorium are put into the ball mill 1 and pulverized until the remains are powdered (S1, pulverization step).

  As the ball mill 1, a planetary ball mill excellent in solid powder crushing power can be suitably used, and the processing time may be appropriately selected depending on the condition of ashes and the like. It was carried out until the crushed ashes ash became a powder that could pass through a nylon mesh sieve (# 150) as appropriate.

  Performing pulverization in this way also includes partially different components in the bone, and due to the uneven distribution of these components, shape deformation due to convection during melting, scattering due to bumping, etc. Although it is preferable to prevent as much as possible and stably obtain a petrified ashes ash (sintered body), the present invention is not limited to this, and these ashes ash are also natural products such as animals and humans. Since the composition varies depending on the type and the solid, the processing time of these pulverization steps, the properties of the processed powder, and the like may be appropriately determined.

  In this embodiment, by using the ball mill 1, the remains can be pulverized and homogenized (mixed) at the same time. This makes the pulverization and mixing steps efficient. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a metal ball or the like is placed in a vibration sieve machine 3 described later so that pulverization can be performed together with classification. The pulverized ashes ash may be separately mixed uniformly or may be repeatedly put into the vibrating screen 3 so that the composition becomes uniform.

  Then, the ashes ash powder pulverized and homogenized by these ball mills 1 is charged from the upper charging port of the vibration sieving machine 3 and classified (S2, classification step).

  Specifically, as described above, ashes ash powder that has passed through 150 mesh (about 120 microns) is discharged from below the vibrating screen machine 3.

  Such classification is less likely to melt than small-diameter ashes that have passed through 150 mesh (about 120 microns), and projecting large-sized ashes ashes exist in the high-density carbon crucible 21. Therefore, it is difficult to cause the melting time of the ashes ash powder 27 to be reduced, and it is possible to reduce the occurrence of deformation or cracking (cracking) or the like of the petrified ashes ash 28 obtained by the shifting of the melting time. Although it is preferable because it can stably produce the petrified ashes ash 28, the present invention is not limited to this, and these classification steps may not be performed as appropriate.

  Next, the classified ashes ash powder 27 is put into the high-density carbon crucible 21 (see FIG. 5A), the lid 13 of the vacuum chamber 4 is opened, and the crucible socket 22 in the vacuum chamber 4 is opened. The crucible 21 is attached (S3).

  At this time, a heat resistant heat insulating material such as ceramic wool may be interposed between the crucible socket 22 (also referred to as an outer cylinder crucible) and the crucible 21.

  Then, the lid 13 of the vacuum chamber 4 is closed and the vacuum pump 5 is operated, and the inside of the vacuum chamber 4 is depressurized to be in a vacuum state (depressurized atmosphere state) (S4, depressurization step).

  As for the degree of vacuum in the vacuum chamber 4, as in the present invention, when ashes ash is 100% and contains no melting point depressant or binder, As will be described later, an ultra-high temperature of 1500 degrees Celsius (1500 ° C.) or higher is required. At temperatures of 1500 ° C. or higher, if there is air, especially oxygen around the remains, the normal atmosphere including humidity The composition of the crushed ashes ash is easily changed to a substance that is easily decomposed, and if the obtained petrified ashes ash is left in a normal atmosphere, cracks, cracks, whitening, and even pulverization will occur. Therefore, since it does not become a good petrochemical ashes ash, it is sufficient to use a relatively low pressure with less oxygen, specifically, a reduced pressure atmosphere of 100 Pascal (Pa) or less. To get 0 Pascal (Pa) may be set following a reduced-pressure atmosphere.

  When the inside of the vacuum chamber 4 is in a vacuum state (depressurized state) with the above-described predetermined pressure, a current is passed through the high-frequency coil 23 to start heating the ashes ash powder 27 in the high-density carbon crucible 21 (S5).

  The temperature of the ashes ash powder 27 in the high-density carbon crucible 21 was measured using a fiber-type radiation thermometer (FTZ6-A600-50K22 manufactured by Japan Sensors).

  As a measurement method, a measurement head of a fiber type radiation thermometer is installed in the monitoring window 11, and the high-density carbon crucible 21 is tilted about 20 degrees from the horizontal (a state tilted about 70 degrees from the upright), that is, The high-density carbon crucible 21 is in a state in which the bottom surface of the high-density carbon crucible 21 and the direction in which the fiber-type radiation thermometer faces are substantially orthogonal so that the inside of the high-density carbon crucible 21 can be favorably viewed from the monitoring window 11. The temperature of the surface of the ashes ash powder 27 collected at the lower corner of the inside (the liquid surface when melted) was measured. At this time, the distance between the surface of the ashes ash powder 27 (the liquid surface when melted) and the measurement head of the fiber-type radiation thermometer is about 400 mm.

  In the vacuum melting furnace 2 of the present embodiment, the temperature reaches about 1400 ° C. in about 15 to 20 minutes. Depending on the type of ashes ash, etc., generally, the softening of the powder starts around 1420 ° C., and melting of a part of the powder is recognized around 1480 ° C.

  After the temperature of 1480 ° C., the temperature of the ashes ash powder 27 in the high-density carbon crucible 21 is carefully watched, and the temperature is gradually increased so as not to cause bumping. The temperature is raised over a period of about 3 to 5 minutes to a temperature in the range of 1550 to 1650 ° C. where the whole body melts.

  At this time, the vibrating table 6 may be operated to apply vibration to the vacuum chamber 4 so that local melting occurs and bumping or the like does not occur.

  As for the ashes ash powder 27 which started melting at around 1480 ° C. by these heating, there are those that melt uniformly at around 1550 ° C. for low ones, and those that do not melt uniformly to around 1650 ° C. for high ones. However, most of them melt uniformly in the range of 1550 degrees to 1650 degrees Celsius, so the melting temperature of the ashes ash powder 27 may be in the range of 1550 degrees to 1650 degrees Celsius.

  Even in the range of 1550 degrees to 1650 degrees Celsius, as described above, depending on the type of the ashes ash powder 27, the temperature at which the ashes ash powder 27 is uniformly melted varies. In this temperature range, the heating is stopped at a temperature slightly higher than the temperature at which it is uniformly melted, and the melting temperature is set to a temperature within the range of 1550 degrees Celsius to 1650 degrees Celsius so that it can be stoned as uniformly as possible. It is preferable to suppress.

  Until the uniform melting, as shown in FIG. 5A, the high-density carbon crucible 21 is erected, and the ashes ash powder 27 is accumulated at the bottom of the high-density carbon crucible 21. The operator monitors the inside of the high-density carbon crucible 21 from the monitoring window 12 provided at the upper part of the vacuum chamber 4, and when the ashes ash powder 27 is sufficiently melted, the vibrating table 6 is operated to bring the vacuum chamber 4 into the vacuum chamber 4. By applying vibration, vibration is applied to the high-density carbon crucible 21 disposed inside the vacuum chamber 4 (S6, vibration step).

  Applying vibration to the high-density carbon crucible 21 as described above, that is, applying vibration to the uniformly melted ashes ash powder 27, facilitates the discharge of gas and the like contained in the molten ashes ash powder 27 to the outside. In addition, due to the difference in specific gravity of the molten ashes ash powder 27 that has been melted, a substance with a high specific gravity concentrates downward, so that it is possible to reduce the occurrence of cracks, cracks and shape defects due to uneven composition. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and these vibration steps may be omitted as appropriate.

  Next, after the vibration of the high-density carbon crucible 21 due to the operation of the vibrating table 6 is stopped, the high-density carbon crucible 21 is tilted by tilting the swing table 19 as shown in FIG. 7B. Then, the molten ashes ash powder 27 is accumulated over the bottom and the inner peripheral side wall. In this state, the heating is stopped and the cooling is gradually performed (S7, gradual cooling step). The slow cooling may be performed by, for example, natural cooling. If the temperature decrease rate is large, reheating is appropriately performed so that the solidified (lithiated) molten ashes ash powder 27 does not crack. May be.

  Then, after confirming that the molten ashes ash powder 27 is solidified (calcified) by the slow cooling and the temperature is sufficiently lowered, the leak valve 17 is opened to release the reduced pressure state, and then the lid of the vacuum chamber 4 13 is opened and the high-density carbon crucible 21 is taken out (S8).

  What is necessary is just to take out the petrified ashes ash 28, which is a solidified (calcified) ashes ash powder, from the inside of the taken out high-density carbon crucible 21, and the surface 29 of the petrified ashes ash 28 is a molten liquid surface, which is a mirror surface. It becomes.

  If necessary, the surface 29 may be decorated with a character 30 or the like using a YAG laser or the like.

  As mentioned above, according to the manufacturing method of the petrified ashes ash in the present example, only the ashes ash powder 27 is heated to a temperature range of 1550 to 1650 degrees Celsius in 10 Pascals in a reduced pressure atmosphere of 100 Pascals or less. The ashes ash powder 27 can be melted while suppressing the change of the ashes ash powder 27 to a substance that is easily decomposed in a normal atmosphere including humidity, and only the ashes ash powder 27 is included. Petrified ashes ash 28 can be produced.

  Moreover, according to the said Example, since the decompression atmosphere shall be 10 Pascals or less, since the modification | denaturation of the ashes ash powder 27 to a degradable substance is further suppressed, only the ashes ash powder 27 is included stably. No petrochemical ashes 28 can be produced.

  Moreover, according to the said Example, the particle size of the ashes ash powder 27 is classify | categorized so that it may become 150 mesh or less (120 micrometers or less) of 200 micrometers or less, and compared with small-diameter ashes ash by this classification. Since the ashes ash that is difficult to melt and protrude and has a large particle size does not exist in the high-density carbon crucible 21, it is difficult for the melting time to shift. Can be reduced.

  In addition, according to the above-described embodiment, the heating condition is more thoroughly compared to other heating methods so that the ashes ash in the melting crucible is in a temperature range of 1550 to 1650 degrees Celsius by heating by high frequency heating. In addition to being able to control, the use of the high-density carbon crucible 21 can reduce the temperature unevenness of the ashes ash in the crucible and also reduce the occurrence of deformation and cracking (cracking) of the petrified ashes ash due to these temperature unevenness. it can.

  In addition, according to the embodiment, by applying vibration to the melted ashes powder 27, it is possible to reduce the temperature unevenness at the time of melting and the concentration unevenness of the substance concentration due to the difference in specific gravity, etc. It is possible to reduce the occurrence of deformation and cracking (cracking) of petrified ashes ash due to unevenness, and as a result, it is possible to manufacture the petrified ashes ash 28 containing only ashes or bone ash more stably.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and modifications and additions within the scope of the present invention are included in the present invention. It is.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the method for producing petrified ashes ash according to the present invention was used when calcining the remains of the deceased to produce the petrified ashes 28, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Alternatively, it may be used for producing the petrified ashes 28 by burning bone ash when pet animals such as dogs and cats are cremation.

  Although not carried out in the above-described embodiment, the surface of the obtained petrified ashes ash 28 is colored or modified by applying a glaze or the like on the surface of the obtained petrified ashes ash 28 and performing a secondary firing step. You may make it quality.

  Moreover, in the said Example, when the ashes ash powder 27 in the vacuum chamber 4 is heat-fired, the high-frequency heating using the high frequency coil 23 is performed, but it is used when the ashes ash powder 27 is heat-fired. The heating means is not limited to high-frequency heating, and the ashes ash powder 27 may be heated and fired by light heating using a laser beam, or the ashes ash powder 27 is heated and fired by electric heating using heat generated by electric resistance. May be.

  Further, it is not necessary to heat and sinter the ashes ash powder 27 in the heating and melting step by high frequency heating. For example, the ashes ash powder 27 is heated to a predetermined temperature using electric heating at the beginning of the heating and melting step. Then, the ashes ash powder 27 may be heated to a higher temperature by switching to heating by high-frequency heating. A plurality of heating means may be alternately switched during the heating and melting step, or may be used simultaneously.

  Moreover, in the said Example, although the petrified ashes ash 28 is made into the rice ball-shaped plate (figure) as shown in FIG. 7, this invention is not limited to this, The shape of these petrified ashes ashes 28 is shown. Introducing molten ashes ash powder 27 into carbon molds of various shapes, such as pendulums, bracelets, rings, earrings, earrings, beads, lions, mobile phones, straps, key holders, etc. Or decorative objects such as objects may be formed.

  In addition, the ashes ash in the present invention may be one obtained by crushing only bones that have been cremated and boned (actually the ash content at the time of cremation is included on the surface), It may be a mixture of ash, including those with a remains of 100% (ash of 0%).

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ball mill 2 Vacuum melting furnace 3 Vibrating sieve machine 4 Vacuum chamber 5 Vacuum pump 6 Vibrating table 7, 8, 9 Electrical cable 10 Control unit 11, 12 Monitoring window 13 Cover body 14 Connection part 15 Adapter 16 Connection pipe 17 Leak valve 18 Axis 19 Swing base 20 Drive motor 21 High-density carbon crucible 22 Crucible socket 23 High-frequency coil 24 Coaxial electrode 28 Petrified ashes ash 29 Surface 30 Decorative characters

Claims (3)

A crushing process for crushing the remains of ashes or pet animals, a depressurization process in which the ambient atmosphere of the outer cylinder crucible attached with only the crushed ashes ash is attached to a reduced pressure atmosphere, and a reduced pressure atmosphere a melting step of the remains ash melting the molten crucible, a slow cooling step of slow-cooling the petrochemical ashes ash which is integrated by melting in the melting process, a method of manufacturing the petrochemical remains ash containing And
Production of petrified ashes ash characterized in that, in the slow cooling step, a space between the melting crucible and the outer cylinder crucible is insulated by a heat insulating material interposed between the melting crucible and the outer cylinder crucible. Method. A vacuum chamber used in a depressurization process in which the ambient atmosphere of the outer cylinder crucible to which only a crushed person or pet animal's crushed ashes ash is placed is attached, and a melting crucible disposed in the depressurized atmosphere A heating means used in a melting step for melting the remains ashes in the vacuum melting furnace,
A vacuum melting furnace, further comprising a heat insulating material interposed between the melting crucible and the outer cylinder crucible. The vacuum melting furnace according to claim 2, wherein the heat insulating material is made of ceramic wool.

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