JP5103313B2 - Operating table - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a table for an operating table capable of changing a distance between a waist support portion and a back support portion of the table in conjunction with a rotational movement of the back support portion of the table.

  The table of the operating table generally includes a head support part, a back support part, a waist support part, and a leg support part, and at least a space between the back support part and the waist support part can be freely bent (for example, Patent Document 1). , 2). The patient is placed on a table, and the position and posture of the patient can be changed by bending between the back support part and the waist support part according to the contents of the operation.

  However, if the patient's head is placed on the head support part of the table and fixed with a pin or the like in a surgical operation and the back support part of the table is lifted and lowered as it is, a burden is applied to the patient's neck and the cervical spine is compressed. There is a risk of damage. Further, if the back support part is suddenly raised while the patient is on the table, the patient's skin may be pulled or rubbed, causing internal bleeding or pressure ulcers.

  Conventionally, in order to prevent such a problem, a soft mat or cushion is laid on a table and a patient is placed on the mat. In this way, even if the back support portion is raised or laid while the patient is placed, a large force can be prevented from being applied to the patient's neck, and the cervical spine or the like can be prevented from being damaged. In addition, the load applied to the patient's skin can be absorbed by the mat or cushion, thereby preventing internal bleeding and pressure ulcers.

JP 2003-305091 A JP 2007-7302 A

  Even a conventional method of laying a soft material such as a mat or cushion on a table may be insufficient in reducing the burden on the cervical spine or preventing damage. It may also be difficult to properly prevent the occurrence of internal bleeding and pressure ulcers. In addition, it is conceivable to increase the thickness of the mat or the like, but in that case, the operation may be hindered.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an operating table that can solve the above-described problems.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following configuration.

  That is, in the invention according to claim 1, the table base is placed on the base via the column, the table is placed on the table base, and at least the back support portion and the waist support portion of the table are bent. In the table of the operating table that is made free, a contact / separation mechanism that can change the distance between the back support part and the waist support part is provided, and the back support part rotates upward with respect to the waist support part. When moving, the waist support part and the back support part are relatively separated by the contact / separation mechanism, and the contact / separation is performed when the back support part rotates downward relative to the waist support part. An operating table is employed in which the waist support part and the back support part are relatively close to each other by a mechanism.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the table of the operating table according to the first aspect, the table is moved by the contact / separation mechanism when the back support portion rotates upward with respect to the waist support portion. When the waist support part slides in a direction away from the back support part on the base, and the back support part rotates downward with respect to the waist support part, the contact / separation mechanism causes the waist support part to The waist support portion can be slid in a direction approaching the back support portion.

  3. The operating table according to claim 1, wherein the contacting / separating mechanism includes a piston / cylinder device attached to the table base, and the piston / cylinder device. And an interlocking mechanism for connecting both ends of the piston rod to the back support portion and the waist support portion, respectively, and the back support portion rotates upward with respect to the waist support portion by driving the piston / cylinder device. When moving, the waist support portion slides away from the back support portion, and when the back support portion rotates downward relative to the waist support portion, the waist support portion is supported by the back support portion. It can be made to slide in the direction approaching a part.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the operating table of the third aspect, the interlocking mechanism that connects one end of the piston rod of the piston / cylinder device to the back support portion performs linear movement of the piston rod. A crank mechanism for converting the rotation of the rotation shaft of the back support part into a crank mechanism, and an interlocking mechanism for connecting the other end of the piston rod to the waist support part; It can be a lever mechanism that converts to motion.

  As described in claim 5, in the table of the operating table according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the table includes a head support portion, a back support portion, a waist support portion, and a leg support portion. The head support or leg support can be exchanged with other head support or leg support.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the table of the operating table according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, at least the back support portion or the waist support portion has a mattress, and the mattress is connected to the contact table. It can be slidable by a separation mechanism.

  According to the present invention, even if the back support part is raised or tilted while the patient's head is fixed to the table side, a large force is not applied to the patient's neck, and the cervical spine or the like is compressed or damaged. You can avoid receiving. Also, even if the patient is placed on the table and the back support is raised or tilted, the patient's skin will not be pulled, shrunk, or rubbed, and therefore internal bleeding and pressure ulcers will not occur. It is preferably prevented.

  The best mode for carrying out the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the operating table includes a base 1 placed on the floor of the operating room, a column 2 standing from the base 1, a table base 3 attached on the column 2, and a table. The table 4 is placed on the base 3.

  The base 1 is placed on the floor of the operating room, and the column 2 is capable of bending up and down on the base 1 upon receiving power from a drive source (not shown) provided in the base 1. A table base 3 is attached to the upper end of the column 2 and holds the table 4 thereon. The table 4 can move up and down as the column 2 bends and stretches, and can be tilted, swiveled, and the like on the column 2. A mechanism for causing the table 4 to perform these operations is housed in the table base 3, but the description and illustration thereof are omitted.

  In this embodiment, the table 4 includes a head support portion 4a, a back support portion 4b, a waist support portion 4c, and a leg support portion 4d.

  The head support portion 4a, the back support portion 4b, the waist support portion 4c, and the leg support portion 4d are each formed in a plate shape in this embodiment, but depending on the contents of surgery and treatment, Can be replaced. For example, the head support part 4a and the leg support part 4d can be replaced with other head support parts and leg support parts having various structures called accessories. Accessories that can be exchanged with the head support 4a include a fixing tool that fixes the head with a pin, and accessories that can be exchanged with the leg support 4d include a retractor and a movable pelvic platform.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the head 5a, the back 5b, the waist 5c, and the legs 5d of the patient 5 are placed on the head support 4a, the back support 4b, the waist support 4c, and the leg support 4d, respectively. It has become. Further, on each of the head support portion 4a, the back support portion 4b, the waist support portion 4c, and the leg support portion 4d, a mattress made of a mat or a cushion (not shown) is fixed by a surface fastener or the like as necessary. A patient 5 is placed on top. In this embodiment, the head support portion 4a, the back support portion 4b, the waist support portion 4c, and the leg support portion 4d are each formed in a plate shape, but these head support portion 4a, back support portion 4b, and waist support portion 4c. The leg support 4d itself can be configured as a mattress.

  Although not shown, the head support portion 4a and the back support portion 4b of the table 4 and the waist support portion 4c and the leg support portion 4d are pin-coupled so as to be bendable, and a desired positional relationship is provided by a lock device. It can be fixed with.

  The head support 4a of the table 4 is a plate-like member in this embodiment, but when operating the patient's head 5a, it is prepared as an accessory to fix the head 5a to the table. It can be replaced with other head support parts. Although not shown, the head support portion used in that case includes, for example, a ring surrounding the head 5a and a plurality of pins that are radially engaged with the ring. By connecting the ring to the back support 4b side and screwing the pin back and forth on the ring, the tip of the pin can be brought into contact with the head 5a and the head 5a can be fixed at a fixed position with respect to the table. Thereby, the surgical operation of the head 5a can be performed appropriately.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the back support portion 4 b of the table 4 is connected to the table base portion 3 via a rotation shaft 6 so as to be rotatable up and down.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 4 and 5, the waist support portion 4c of the table 4 is connected to the table by a contact / separation mechanism that can change the distance between the back support portion and the waist support portion. It is slidably mounted on the base 3.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the slide guide rail 7 on which the waist support portion 4 c rides is fixed on the left and right sides of the table base 3 and is integrated with the table base 3. Each slide guide rail 7 is formed with a groove 7a extending along the length direction of the table 4, and a bracket-like protrusion 8 protruding downward from the waist support portion 4c is inserted into the groove 7a. The waist support portion 4c can slide on the table base 3 in the length direction of the table 4 by the projection 8 being guided by the groove 7a.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the lower side of the slide guide rail 7 is formed as a case 9 integral with the table base 3, and a hydraulic piston / cylinder device 10 is placed in each case 9 in the table 4. It is fixed in the length direction. One end 11a and the other end 11b of the piston rod 11 protrude from both ends of the cylinder of the piston / cylinder device 10, respectively. The one end 11a and the other end 11b of the piston rod 11 are connected to the back support portion 4b and the waist support portion 4c, respectively. Connected through.

  Specifically, the interlocking mechanism that connects the one end 11a of the piston rod 11 to the back support portion 4b is a crank mechanism that converts the linear motion of the piston rod 11 into the rotational motion of the back support portion 4b via the rotational shaft 6. Configured as That is, the tip of the crank arm 12 is connected to the tip of the piston rod 11 by the pin 13, and the other end of the crank arm 12 is fixed to the rotating shaft 6 of the back support portion 4b. Thereby, when the piston rod 11 performs a reciprocating linear motion, the back support portion 4b performs a rotational motion in the vertical direction with the rotational shaft 6 as a fulcrum.

  The interlocking mechanism that connects the other end 11b of the piston rod 11 to the waist support portion 4c is specifically configured as a lever mechanism that converts linear motion of the piston rod 11 into slide motion of the waist support portion 4c. That is, one end of the lever 14 is connected to the other end 11b of the piston rod 11 by the pin 15, and the other end of the lever 14 is connected to the bracket 8 of the waist support portion 4c by the pin 16. The middle of the lever 14 is pivotally attached to the housing 9 by a fulcrum pin 17. Accordingly, when the piston rod 11 performs a reciprocating linear motion, the waist support portion 4 c performs a reciprocating sliding motion on the slide guide rail 7.

  The piston / cylinder devices 10 respectively housed in the left and right housings 9 are controlled to be driven synchronously by a control device (not shown).

  When both piston / cylinder devices 10 are activated and one end 11a of the piston rod 11 is extended toward the back support 4b, the crank arm 12 is moved to the rotation shaft 6 as shown in FIGS. At the same time, the back support 4b also rotates clockwise to try to stand up against the waist support 4c. At the same time, the other end 11b of the piston rod 11 is contracted toward the back support 4b, the lever 14 rotates clockwise around the fulcrum pin 17, and the waist support 4c is separated from the back support. Slide to A.

  Thereby, as apparent from FIGS. 1 and 3, the patient 5 can change the posture from the supine state to the bent state without the back skin being pulled or rubbed. Moreover, even when the patient's head 5a is fixed to the table 4 with pins or the like as described above, a large load is not applied to the neck.

  Conversely, when one end of the piston rod 11 is retracted to the side opposite to the back support portion 4b, the crank arm 12 turns around the rotation shaft 6 in the counterclockwise direction b as shown in FIGS. The back support 4b also rotates counterclockwise b from the raised position to the same height as the waist support 4c. At the same time, the other end 11b of the piston rod 11 extends to the opposite side of the back support 4c, the lever 14 rotates counterclockwise around the fulcrum pin 17, and the waist support 4c is on the back support 4b side. Slide in direction B approaching.

  Further, when one end of the piston rod 11 is further contracted toward the side opposite to the back support portion 4b, the crank arm 12 is further rotated in the counterclockwise direction b around the rotation shaft 6 as shown in FIG. The support portion 4b also rotates in the counterclockwise direction b from the same height as the waist support portion 4c. As a result, the upper body of the patient 5 on the table 4 is inclined downward from the lower body. At the same time, the other end 11b of the piston rod 11 is further extended to the opposite side of the back support 4c, the lever 14 is further rotated counterclockwise around the fulcrum pin 17, and the waist support 4c is connected to the back support 4c. Slide further in the direction B approaching the 4b side.

  Thus, even if the patient 5 is forcibly changed to various positions such as a sitting position, a semi-sitting position, a supine position, and a warp by operating the table 4, the back support part 4b and the waist support part 4c are relatively positioned when the position is changed. Since the contact and separation are performed, the dorsal skin is not shrunk or rubbed. Moreover, even when the patient's head 5a is fixed to the table 4 as described above, a large load is not applied to the neck.

  Next, the operation of the operating table will be described.

  (1) As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the patient 5 is in the supine position on the table 4, the upper body of the patient 5 is raised as shown in FIG. When the operator or the like is to operate, the piston / cylinder device 10 in the left and right housings 9 is activated by operating the control device.

  When both piston / cylinder devices 10 are activated, one end 11a of the piston rod 11 extends from the position of FIG. 6 to the position of FIG. 8 through the position of FIG.

  Simultaneously with the extending operation of the piston rod 11, the crank arm 12 rotates clockwise around the rotation shaft 6 and the back support portion 4b rotates upward with respect to the waist support portion 4c.

  At the same time, the other end 11b of the piston rod 11 is contracted from the position in FIG. 6 to the position in FIG. 8 through the position in FIG. 7 toward the back support portion 4b.

  Simultaneously with the contraction operation of the piston rod 11, the lever 14 rotates clockwise around the fulcrum pin 17, and the waist support portion 4c slides in the direction A away from the back support portion 4b.

  Thereby, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the patient 5 changes its posture from the supine position to the semi-sitting position or the sitting position without the dorsal skin being pulled or rubbed.

  For example, when performing a surgical operation on the head 5a of the patient 5, instead of the head support portion 4a shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, another structure called an accessory having a pin, a ring or the like is used. A head support (not shown) is attached to the table 4. Thus, even when the patient's head 5a is fixed to the table 4 with pins or the like, the patient 5 changes its posture from the supine position to the half-sitting position or the sitting position without applying a large force to the neck. .

  (2) As shown in FIG. 3, when the patient 5 is standing on the table 4 and is in the half-sitting position or the sitting position, when the patient 5 tries to change to the supine position as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, When the surgeon or the like operates the control device, the piston / cylinder device 10 in the left and right housings 9 is activated in the opposite direction.

  When the piston / cylinder device 10 is activated in the opposite direction, the one end 11a of the piston rod 11 is contracted from the position shown in FIG. 8 to the position shown in FIG. 6 through the position shown in FIG. .

  Simultaneously with the contraction operation of the one end 11a of the piston rod 11, the crank arm 12 rotates counterclockwise around the rotation shaft 6, and the back support 4b also rotates counterclockwise b, that is, downward, It becomes the same height as support part 4c.

  At the same time, the other end 11b of the piston rod 11 extends from the position in FIG. 8 to the position in FIG. 6 through the position in FIG. 7 toward the back support portion 4b.

  Simultaneously with the extending operation of the other end 11b of the piston rod 11, the lever 14 rotates counterclockwise around the fulcrum pin 17, and the waist support portion 4c slides in the direction B approaching the back support portion 4b side.

  Thereby, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the patient 5 changes its posture from the semi-sitting position or the sitting position to the supine position without shrinking or rubbing the dorsal skin.

  Further, even when the head 5a of the patient 5 is fixed to the table 4 by the above-mentioned accessory pin or other means in the surgical operation, the patient 5 does not apply a large force to the neck, but is in a semi-sitting position or a sitting position. The posture is changed from supine to supine position.

  (3) When the patient 5 is in the supine position as shown in FIG. 1, the surgeon or the like operates the control device to further move the piston / cylinder device 10 in the left and right housings 9 in the opposite directions. It is also possible.

  In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, one end 11a of the piston rod 11 is opposite to the back support portion 5b from the position of FIG. 6 to the position of FIG. Shrink to the side.

  Simultaneously with the contraction operation of the one end 11a of the piston rod 11, the crank arm 12 rotates counterclockwise around the rotation shaft 6, and the back support 4b also rotates counterclockwise b, that is, downward, It becomes low with respect to the support part 4c.

  At the same time, the other end 11b of the piston rod 11 extends from the position of FIG. 6 to the position of FIG. 9 toward the back support portion 4b.

  Simultaneously with the extending operation of the other end 11b of the piston rod 11, the lever 14 rotates counterclockwise around the fulcrum pin 17, and the waist support portion 4c slides in the direction B approaching the back support portion 4b side.

  Thereby, the patient 5 changes its posture from a supine position to a bent position without the dorsal skin contracting or rubbing.

  Even when the head 5 a of the patient 5 is fixed to the table 4, the patient 5 changes its posture from a supine position to a bent position without applying a large force to the neck.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the cylinder / piston device is used as a drive source for operating the waist support portion, but other drive sources such as a motor are used. It is also possible.

It is a front view which shows the operating table provided with the table which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of the operating table shown in FIG. It is a front view of the operating table shown in the state which raised the back support part upward in FIG. It is a perspective view which partially decomposes and shows the table of an operating table. In FIG. 4, it is an enlarged view of the principal part. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 2. It is sectional drawing similar to FIG. 6 which shows the state which inclined the back support part a little upwards. It is sectional drawing similar to FIG. 7 which shows the state which inclined the back support part further upwards. It is sectional drawing similar to FIG. 8 which shows the state which inclined the back support part below the waist | hip support part.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Base 2 ... Column 3 ... Table base 4 ... Table 4a ... Head support part 4b ... Back support part 4c ... Waist support part 4d ... Leg support part 6 ... Rotating shaft 10 ... Piston cylinder apparatus 11 ... Piston rod 11a , 11b ... Both ends of the piston rod

Claims (6)

  In the table of the operating table in which the table base is placed on the base via the column, the table is placed on the table base, and at least the back support portion and the waist support portion of the table are bendable. A contact / separation mechanism capable of changing a distance between the back support portion and the waist support portion is provided, and when the back support portion rotates upward relative to the waist support portion, the contact / separation mechanism When the waist support portion and the back support portion are relatively separated from each other and the back support portion rotates downward with respect to the waist support portion, the waist support portion and the back support are supported by the contact / separation mechanism. A table of an operating table characterized by relatively approaching the part.   The table of the operating table according to claim 1, wherein when the back support part rotates upward with respect to the waist support part, the waist support part is placed on the table base by the contact / separation mechanism. When the back support part slides in a direction away from the support part and the back support part rotates downward with respect to the waist support part, the waist support part is placed on the table base by the contact / separation mechanism. The table of the operating table is characterized by being slid in a direction approaching to the table.   The operating table according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the contact / separation mechanism includes a piston / cylinder device attached to the table base and both ends of the piston rod of the piston / cylinder device connected to the back support portion. And an interlocking mechanism coupled to each of the waist support parts, and when the back support part is rotated upward with respect to the waist support part by driving of the piston / cylinder device, the waist support part is Slide in a direction away from the back support part, and when the back support part rotates downward with respect to the waist support part, the waist support part slides in a direction approaching the back support part. An operating table.   4. The operating table according to claim 3, wherein the interlocking mechanism for connecting one end of the piston rod of the piston / cylinder device to the back support portion performs linear movement of the piston rod on the rotation shaft of the back support portion. A crank mechanism that converts the movement of the piston rod to the waist support portion, and the interlock mechanism that connects the other end of the piston rod to the waist support portion is a lever mechanism that converts the linear motion of the piston rod into a slide motion of the waist support portion. Features a table of the operating table.   The table of the operating table according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the table includes a head support portion, a back support portion, a waist support portion, and a leg support portion, and the head support portion or the leg support portion is provided. A table for an operating table, which is replaceable with another head support or leg support.   6. The table of the operating table according to claim 1, wherein at least the back support part or the waist support part has a mattress, and the mattress can be slid by the contact / separation mechanism. And operating table.

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