JP5088301B2 - Air diffuser - Google Patents

Air diffuser Download PDF

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JP5088301B2
JP5088301B2 JP2008293972A JP2008293972A JP5088301B2 JP 5088301 B2 JP5088301 B2 JP 5088301B2 JP 2008293972 A JP2008293972 A JP 2008293972A JP 2008293972 A JP2008293972 A JP 2008293972A JP 5088301 B2 JP5088301 B2 JP 5088301B2
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air
diffuser
supply pipe
water
air supply
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JP2009172583A (en
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雅則 長藤
猛志 辻
至 坂井
一聡 大橋
稔 山本
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JFE Engineering Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23128—Diffusers having specific properties or elements attached thereto
    • B01F23/231281—Diffusers having specific properties or elements attached thereto made of or comprising a biocide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/20—Activated sludge processes using diffusers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2311—Mounting the bubbling devices or the diffusers
    • B01F23/23114—Mounting the bubbling devices or the diffusers characterised by the way in which the different elements of the bubbling installation are mounted
    • B01F23/231143—Mounting the bubbling elements or diffusors, e.g. on conduits, using connecting elements; Connections therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23123—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23123—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material
    • B01F23/231231—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material the outlets being in the form of perforations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23124—Diffusers consisting of flexible porous or perforated material, e.g. fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23126—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element
    • B01F23/231262—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element having disc shape
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)

Description

本発明は、散気板の散気面に付着した汚れ成分を除去し、長期かつ安定的に酸素を供給することができる散気装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an air diffuser capable of removing dirt components adhering to an air diffuser surface of an air diffuser plate and supplying oxygen stably for a long period of time.

下水処理施設において汚水中の窒素化合物や炭素化合物を除去するために、微生物による分解、吸着作用を利用した活性汚泥法が用いられている。活性汚泥中の微生物が活動するためには微生物に酸素を与える必要がある。散気装置は、下水処理施設の曝気槽の底部等に設置されて水中に酸素を供給する装置である。散気装置には、散気面が膜タイプの散気装置（特許文献１）と、散気面が金属薄板タイプの散気装置（特許文献２）が存在する。金属薄板タイプの散気装置は、散気による圧損が少なく、かつ耐久性および保守点検の容易性において優れている。   In order to remove nitrogen compounds and carbon compounds in sewage at a sewage treatment facility, an activated sludge method utilizing decomposition and adsorption by microorganisms is used. In order for the microorganisms in the activated sludge to be active, it is necessary to give oxygen to the microorganisms. The air diffuser is an apparatus that is installed at the bottom of an aeration tank of a sewage treatment facility and supplies oxygen into water. There are two types of diffusers: a diffuser with a film diffuser surface (Patent Document 1) and a diffuser with a metal thin plate type diffuser surface (Patent Document 2). The thin metal plate type air diffuser has less pressure loss due to air diffused, and is excellent in durability and ease of maintenance and inspection.

散気装置は、長期間にわたって曝気運転を継続すると、汚れ成分が膜または金属薄板の微細孔の内部および表面に付着して目詰まりを起こす。目詰まりを起こす汚れ成分の多くは微生物により形成されるスライムであり、これが散気孔を閉塞させる。このスライムの付着力は強く、ガス圧を高めてもスライムを剥離することはできない。   When the aeration apparatus continues aeration operation for a long period of time, the dirt component adheres to the inside and the surface of the fine holes of the film or the metal thin plate, thereby causing clogging. Most of the soil components that cause clogging are slimes formed by microorganisms, which block the air holes. The slime has a strong adhesive force, and the slime cannot be peeled off even if the gas pressure is increased.

膜タイプの散気装置では、散気装置の送気操作によってメンブランを伸長または収縮させ、膜の微細孔の内部および表面に付着した微生物由来のスライムを取り除く方法が開示されている（特許文献３）。   In the membrane-type air diffuser, a method is disclosed in which the membrane is elongated or contracted by the air-feeding operation of the air diffuser to remove the microorganism-derived slime attached to the inside and the surface of the micropores of the membrane (Patent Document 3). ).

しかし、金属薄板タイプの散気装置では、散気面が伸縮性のない剛体であるため、上述したような目詰まり防止処置を施すことはできない。現状では、金属薄板タイプの散気装置において微生物が増殖して目詰まりが発生した場合には、散気装置を水面上に引き上げて散気薄板を清掃しなければならず、散気装置の維持管理に多大な労力と費用を要する。   However, in the thin metal plate type air diffuser, since the air diffused surface is a rigid body having no elasticity, the above-described clogging prevention treatment cannot be performed. At present, when clogging occurs due to the growth of microorganisms in a thin metal plate type diffuser, the diffuser plate must be cleaned by lifting the diffuser onto the water surface. Management requires a lot of labor and expense.

また、膜タイプおよび金属薄板タイプの両方において、酸素移動効率を高めるために散気面の気孔径を小さくする必要があるが、気孔径が小さくなればなるほど目詰まりが起こりやすくなる。目詰まりの起こりやすい散気装置は、水面上に引き上げて散気薄板を頻繁に清掃しなければならない。
特開２００３−３２０３８８号公報 特開２００６−６１８１７号公報 特開２００４−３１３９３８号公報 In both the membrane type and the thin metal plate type, it is necessary to reduce the pore diameter of the diffuser surface in order to increase the oxygen transfer efficiency. However, the smaller the pore diameter, the more likely clogging occurs. Air diffusers that are prone to clogging must be lifted above the surface of the water and frequently cleaned.
JP 2003-320388 A JP 2006-61817 A JP 2004-313938 A

このように、従来の散気装置は、目詰まりの問題に対して十分な解決手段を提供してこなかった。本発明の目的は、高い酸素移動効率を達成することができる微細孔を備え、かつ目詰まりが起こりにくく、長期かつ安定的に運転することができる散気装置を提供することにある。   Thus, the conventional diffuser has not provided a sufficient solution to the clogging problem. An object of the present invention is to provide an air diffuser that has micropores that can achieve high oxygen transfer efficiency, is less likely to be clogged, and can be operated stably for a long period of time.

散気装置（散気板）の目詰まりの主原因は散気板の開孔に付着したバイオフィルムが成長し、開孔を閉塞させることである。そこで、発明者は、散気板の開孔に付着したバイオフィルムを除去する方法として水あるいは薬液などの洗浄水等を散気用給気配管内に注入し、これを散気用の圧力空気によって散気板側に供給することによって散気板を定期的に自動洗浄することを考えた。そして、これを実現するためにための具体的手段として、一端が散気板に連通し、他端が散気用給気配管内に挿入される内挿管を設けることを考えた。   The main cause of the clogging of the diffuser (diffuser plate) is that the biofilm attached to the aperture of the diffuser plate grows and closes the aperture. Accordingly, the inventor injects water or cleaning water such as a chemical solution into the air supply pipe for air diffusion as a method for removing the biofilm adhering to the opening of the air diffuser plate, and this is injected with the pressure air for air diffusion. We considered to automatically clean the diffuser plate regularly by supplying it to the diffuser plate side. As a specific means for realizing this, it has been considered to provide an intubation tube in which one end communicates with the air diffuser plate and the other end is inserted into the air supply pipe for air diffusion.

散気板を洗浄水によって自動洗浄するというのは、散気板開孔にブロー水を通過させた際の水の物理的な力で散気板の開孔の壁面に付着したイバオフィルムを剥離させるということである。
したがって、バイオフィルムを剥離する効果は散気板開孔におけるブロー水の流速が高い方がよく、この点につきさらに検討を重ねた。
ブロー水が散気板の開孔を通過する流速は散気用給気配管の内圧と水圧との差圧いわゆる散気装置の圧損により決まる。そして、散気用給気配管内の内圧は、ブロワの送風を送気する送気管の圧力に対して送気によるわずかな圧力損失分だけ減少するものであり、送気管内の圧力とほぼ等しい。 The automatic cleaning of the diffuser plate with cleaning water means that the ibao film attached to the wall of the diffuser plate opening is peeled off by the physical force of water when blow water is passed through the diffuser plate aperture. That's what it means.
Therefore, the effect of peeling off the biofilm is better when the flow rate of blow water in the diffuser plate opening is higher, and further investigation was made on this point.
The flow rate at which the blow water passes through the opening of the diffuser plate is determined by the differential pressure between the internal pressure of the diffuser supply pipe and the water pressure, that is, the pressure loss of the diffuser. Then, the internal pressure in the air supply pipe for air diffusion decreases by a slight pressure loss due to the air supply with respect to the pressure of the air supply pipe that supplies the blower air, and is almost equal to the pressure in the air supply pipe.

ところで、一般的な下水処理場の曝気槽は複数池あり、またブロワも複数設置される。そして、ブロワは共通配管に接続され、この共通配管に複数池に送気する送気管が複数接続される。複数の送気管は連通しているので、複数のブロワから吐出される送気は複数池で共通になっている。また、散気板に散気用空気を供給する散気用給気配管は送気管から分岐して１池当り複数個所設けられている。
ブロワは散気板へ所定風量を供給するよう制御されており、散気板の圧損に応じたブロワの送気圧が決まる。ブロー水を散気用給気配管毎に一定量注入しようとすると、散気用給気配管毎に順次注入することになるが、1箇所の散気用給気配管にブロー水を供給した際には、送気管がヘッダーでつながっているので、送気圧力は通常の散気装置の圧損分でしか散気板の開孔に水を通過させることができず、水の通過速度はかなり低く、水ブローの効果は高いとは言えない。 By the way, a general sewage treatment plant has a plurality of aeration tanks and a plurality of blowers. The blower is connected to a common pipe, and a plurality of air supply pipes for supplying air to a plurality of ponds are connected to the common pipe. Since the plurality of air supply pipes communicate with each other, the air supply discharged from the plurality of blowers is common to the plurality of ponds. Further, a plurality of air supply pipes for supplying air for supplying air to the air diffuser are branched from the air supply pipe and provided at a plurality of locations per pond.
The blower is controlled to supply a predetermined air volume to the diffuser plate, and the blower air pressure is determined according to the pressure loss of the diffuser plate. If you try to inject a certain amount of blow water into each air supply piping, it will be injected sequentially into each air supply piping, but when blow water is supplied to one air supply piping In addition, since the air pipes are connected by a header, the air supply pressure can only pass water through the opening of the air diffuser plate by the pressure loss of the normal air diffuser, and the water passage speed is considerably low. The effect of water blow is not high.

例えば、250mm角で開孔率1.3％の散気板に散気板の面積当りに30m３／m2・Hの空気を通過させると、開孔の空気の通過速度は0.64m/秒であり、その際の圧損は実測値で250mmAq（2.5kPa）である。この250mmAq（2.5kPa）の圧力差で水ブローを行った場合、揚水量は実測値で２L/分である。このとき、開孔を通過する水の通過速度は0.04m/秒（＝2×10-3÷60）÷（0.252×0.013））であり、この程度の遅い流速だと散気板開孔に対する物理的なブロー効果は低い。 For example, if air of 30m 3 / m 2 · H per area of a diffuser plate is passed through a diffuser plate with a hole area ratio of 1.3% at 250mm square, the air passage speed of the aperture is 0.64m / sec. The pressure loss at that time is 250 mmAq (2.5 kPa) as a measured value. When water is blown at a pressure difference of 250 mmAq (2.5 kPa), the pumped amount is 2 L / min in actual measurement. At this time, the passage speed of water passing through the opening is 0.04m / sec (= 2 × 10 −3 ÷ 60) ÷ (0.25 2 × 0.013)). The physical blow effect on is low.

そこで、発明者はブロー効果を高めるために、散気用給気配管内にブロー水をある程度溜めた後、ブロワ側への逆流を防止した状態で散気用給気配管内に圧縮空気を注入することにより、散気用給気配管の末端側の空気圧を上昇させ、その圧力によりブロー水を押し上げることで散気板の開孔を通過する際のブロー水の流速を大きくして、バイオフィルムを効果的に剥がすようにすることを考えた。   Therefore, in order to enhance the blowing effect, the inventor injects compressed air into the air supply pipe for air diffusion in a state in which the blow water is accumulated to some extent in the air supply pipe for air diffusion and the backflow to the blower side is prevented. By increasing the air pressure at the end of the air supply pipe for air diffusion and pushing up the blow water by that pressure, the flow rate of the blow water when passing through the aperture of the air diffuser plate is increased, and the biofilm is effective. I thought to peel it off.

本発明は係る考えに基づくものであり、具体的には以下の構成を備えたものである。   The present invention is based on such an idea, and specifically has the following configuration.

（１）本発明に係る散気装置は、曝気槽に設置される微細気孔を有する散気板と、該散気板に接続された散気用給気配管と、該散気用給気配管に逆止弁を介して接続されて該散気用給気配管に散気用空気を供給する給気装置と、一端が前記散気板に連通され、他端が前記散気用給気配管内に内挿された内挿管と、前記散気用給気配管内へ該散気用給気配管内の空気圧に打ち勝って、かつ散気運転によって揚水される量よりも多量のブロー水を供給するブロー水供給手段と、前記散気用給気配管における前記逆止弁の下流側へ散気用空気よりも高い圧力の空気を供給する高圧空気供給手段を備えたことを特徴とするものである。
なお、前記内挿管の下端部は、傾斜した吸い込み面を有してもよい。さらにまた、前記内挿管の管壁に通気孔を設けてもよい。
(1) A diffuser according to the present invention includes a diffuser plate having fine pores installed in an aeration tank, a diffuser air supply pipe connected to the diffuser plate, and the diffuser air supply pipe. An air supply device connected to the air supply pipe for supplying air to the air supply pipe through the check valve, one end communicating with the air diffuser plate, and the other end in the air supply pipe for the air diffusion An intubation tube inserted into the air supply pipe, and blow water for overcoming the air pressure in the air supply pipe for air diffusion into the air supply pipe for air diffusion and supplying a larger amount of blow water than the amount pumped by the air diffusion operation It is characterized by comprising supply means and high-pressure air supply means for supplying air at a pressure higher than that of the air to the downstream side of the check valve in the air supply pipe for the air diffusion.
Note that the lower end portion of the intubation tube may have an inclined suction surface. Furthermore, a vent hole may be provided in the tube wall of the internal intubation.

本発明に係る散気装置の運転方法は、上記（１）に記載の散気装置の運転方法であって、散気運転の継続中にブロー水供給手段により散気用給気配管内へ散気運転によって揚水される量よりも多量のブロー水を供給して注水したブロー水を前記散気用給気配管内に貯留するブロー水供給工程と、散気用給気配管内のブロー水の水位が前記内挿管の吸込み面レベルよりも上昇したときに、高圧空気供給手段により前記散気用給気配管内へ高圧空気を供給し、前記散気用給気配管内のブロー水を、前記内挿管を介して散気板から排出させる散気板洗浄工程を備えたことを特徴とするものである。 The operation method of the air diffuser according to the present invention is the method of operating the air diffuser described in (1) above, and the air is diffused into the air supply piping for the air diffuser by the blow water supply means while the air diffuser is operating. A blow water supply step for supplying blow water injected by supplying a larger amount of blow water than the amount pumped by operation and storing the blow water in the air supply pipe for the air diffuser, and the level of the blow water in the air supply pipe for the air diffuser When the level rises above the suction surface level of the internal intubation, high-pressure air is supplied into the air supply piping by the high-pressure air supply means, and the blow water in the air supply piping for the air diffusion is passed through the internal intubation. It is characterized by comprising a diffuser plate cleaning step for discharging from the diffuser plate.

本発明の散気装置は、曝気槽に設置される微細気孔を有する散気板と、該散気板に接続された散気用給気配管と、該散気用給気配管に逆止弁を介して接続されて該散気用給気配管に散気用空気を供給する給気装置と、一端が前記散気板に連接され、他端が前記散気用給気配管内に内挿された内挿管と、前記散気用給気配管内へブロー水を供給するブロー水供給手段と、前記散気用給気配管における前記逆止弁の下流側へ散気用空気よりも高い圧力の空気を供給する高圧空気供給手段を備えたことにより、散気板の開孔を通過する際のブロー水の流速を大きくして、バイオフィルムを効果的に剥がすことができ、長期かつ安定的に運転することができる。   An air diffuser of the present invention includes an air diffuser plate having fine pores installed in an aeration tank, an air supply pipe for air diffuser connected to the air diffuser plate, and a check valve in the air supply pipe for the air diffuser. And an air supply device for supplying air for diffusion to the air supply piping, and one end connected to the air diffusion plate and the other end inserted into the air supply piping for air diffusion. An internal intubation, blow water supply means for supplying blow water into the air supply pipe for air diffusion, and air having a pressure higher than the air for air diffusion downstream of the check valve in the air supply pipe for air diffusion By providing high-pressure air supply means for supplying water, the flow rate of blow water when passing through the apertures of the diffuser plate can be increased, and the biofilm can be effectively peeled off for long-term and stable operation can do.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

１．散気装置
図１は、本実施の形態に係る散気装置を示す模式図である。本実施の形態の散気装置１は、ガス供給手段２と、ガス供給手段２から供給される空気を送気する送気管１３と、送気管１３に接続されて送気管１３の空気を散気板４へと導く散気用給気配管３と、散気用給気配管３から圧力空気の供給を受けて曝気槽１２内で微細気泡を放出する散気板４と、上端が散気板４に連通され下端が前記散気用給気配管３内に内挿された内挿管７と、散気用給気配管３にブロー水供給管１４を介してブロー水を供給するブロー水供給手段５と、散気用給気配管３に設けられた逆止弁１５と、散気用給気配管３における逆止弁１５の下流側へ散気用空気よりも高い圧力の空気を供給する高圧空気供給装置１６とを備えている。
高圧空気供給装置１６は、空気圧縮機１７と、空気圧縮機１７から吐出される圧縮空気を貯留する空気槽１８と、空気槽１８内の高圧空気を散気用給気配管３へ供給する高圧空気供給管１９とを備えている。
送気管１３には開閉弁２０が、またブロー水供給管１４には開閉弁２１が、さらに高圧空気供給管１９には開閉弁２２がそれぞれ設けられている。そして、開閉弁２１及び開閉弁２２は制御装置２３によって開閉制御される。
以下、散気装置１の主な構成について詳細に説明する。 1. Air diffuser FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an air diffuser according to the present embodiment. The air diffuser 1 according to the present embodiment includes a gas supply unit 2, an air supply pipe 13 for supplying air supplied from the gas supply means 2, and an air supply pipe 13 connected to the air supply pipe 13 for air diffusion. An air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion leading to the plate 4, an air diffuser plate 4 that receives supply of pressurized air from the air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion and releases fine bubbles in the aeration tank 12, and an air diffuser plate at the upper end 4 and a blow water supply means for supplying blow water to the air supply pipe 3 via the blow water supply pipe 14. The internal pipe 7 has a lower end inserted into the air supply pipe 3. 5, a check valve 15 provided in the air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion, and a high pressure for supplying air having a pressure higher than that of air to the downstream side of the check valve 15 in the air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion And an air supply device 16.
The high pressure air supply device 16 includes an air compressor 17, an air tank 18 that stores compressed air discharged from the air compressor 17, and a high pressure that supplies the high pressure air in the air tank 18 to the air supply pipe 3 for aeration. And an air supply pipe 19.
The air supply pipe 13 is provided with an open / close valve 20, the blow water supply pipe 14 is provided with an open / close valve 21, and the high-pressure air supply pipe 19 is provided with an open / close valve 22. The opening / closing valve 21 and the opening / closing valve 22 are controlled to open / close by the control device 23.
Hereinafter, the main configuration of the air diffuser 1 will be described in detail.

＜散気板＞
散気板４は、膜タイプまたは金属薄板タイプなど、いかなる形態の散気板であってもよい。例えば、散気板４が金属薄板タイプの場合、機械加工によって形成した微細孔またはスリットを有する金属薄板が用いられる。
ガス供給手段２より供給された空気は、散気用給気配管３から内挿管７を通して散気板４に送気され、散気板４の散気面に点在する複数の散気孔から放出される。 <Air diffuser>
The diffuser plate 4 may be any form of diffuser plate such as a membrane type or a thin metal plate type. For example, when the diffuser plate 4 is a thin metal plate type, a thin metal plate having fine holes or slits formed by machining is used.
The air supplied from the gas supply means 2 is supplied to the diffuser plate 4 from the diffuser supply pipe 3 through the inner tube 7 and discharged from a plurality of diffuser holes scattered on the diffuser surface of the diffuser plate 4. Is done.

＜内挿管＞
本実施例における散気装置１は、内挿管７を備えているために、散気用給気配管３を水で満管にしなくても水を散気孔に供給することができる。従って、大量の水は必要とせず、特に、抗菌物質を含む水溶液を供給する場合は、少ない抗菌物質で短時間かつ効率的に微生物を除去することができる。この結果、散気装置を水面上に引き上げて頻繁に清掃する必要がなく、散気装置を水面下で長期かつ安定的に運転することができる。 <Intubation>
Since the air diffuser 1 according to this embodiment includes the inner intubation tube 7, water can be supplied to the air diffuser holes without filling the air diffuser air supply pipe 3 with water. Therefore, a large amount of water is not required. In particular, when an aqueous solution containing an antibacterial substance is supplied, microorganisms can be efficiently removed in a short time with a small amount of the antibacterial substance. As a result, it is not necessary to lift the air diffuser above the water surface and clean it frequently, and the air diffuser can be operated stably for a long time under the water surface.

なお、内挿管７が無い場合において、散気板４を洗浄するための水を供給しようとすると、前述のように散気用給気配管３を満水にする必要があるだけでなく、満水にした水を抜くための工夫が必要となる。仮に、水を抜くための手段が無い場合には、散気板４が取り付けられている散気用給気配管内に水が残留し、管路が細くなってしまい、適切な散気ができなくなる。   In addition, when there is no inner intubation 7 and it is going to supply the water for washing | cleaning the diffuser board 4, not only the air supply piping 3 for aeration needs to be filled as mentioned above but it is also filled with water. It is necessary to devise in order to drain the water. If there is no means for draining water, water remains in the air supply piping for the air diffuser to which the air diffuser plate 4 is attached, the pipe line becomes thin, and appropriate air diffusion cannot be performed. .

図２は、内挿管７の一例を示す一部断面図である。内挿管７は、上端が散気板４に連接され、下端が散気用給気配管３内に内挿され、下端部には傾斜した吸い込み面８を有し、かつ管壁に通気孔９を有している。もっとも、通気孔９はなくてもよい。   FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of the intubation tube 7. The inner insertion tube 7 has an upper end connected to the diffuser plate 4, a lower end inserted into the air supply pipe 3 for diffusion, an inclined suction surface 8 at the lower end, and a vent hole 9 in the tube wall. have. However, the vent hole 9 may not be provided.

内挿管７は、空気の散気板４への供給路であるとともに、水ブロー処理中は供給されたブロー水を散気板４から排出する機能を有している。   The internal intubation 7 is a supply path to the air diffusion plate 4 and has a function of discharging the supplied blow water from the diffusion plate 4 during the water blowing process.

内挿管７は、散気用給気配管３と一体に形成しても、着脱可能な別部材としてもよい。着脱可能な別部材とする場合、内挿管７は、散気用給気配管３に予め設けた挿入口に挿入して固定することができる。内挿管７の固定方法には、特に制限はなく、あらゆる固定方法が含まれる。例えば、内挿管７の側面に固定用締付け部材１０を予め溶接し、散気用給気配管側に取付ブラケット１１を予め溶接しておくことにより、内挿管７をねじ込んで散気用給気配管３に固定することができる。
同様に、散気板４も内挿管７と一体に形成したり、着脱可能にしたりすることができる。また、内挿管の材質には、特に制限はなく、好ましくは、プラスチックまたはステンレス鋼、チタン等の金属から形成される。 The inner intubation 7 may be formed integrally with the air supply pipe 3 for diffusing or may be a separate member that can be attached and detached. When it is set as another member which can be attached or detached, the inner intubation tube 7 can be inserted and fixed in the insertion port previously provided in the air supply piping 3 for aeration. There is no restriction | limiting in particular in the fixing method of the intubation tube 7, All fixing methods are included. For example, the fixing tightening member 10 is pre-welded to the side surface of the inner intubation tube 7 and the mounting bracket 11 is pre-welded to the diffuser air supply piping side, so that the inner intubation tube 7 is screwed and the air supply piping for air diffusion is installed. 3 can be fixed.
Similarly, the diffuser plate 4 can be formed integrally with the inner intubation tube 7 or can be attached and detached. Moreover, there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the material of an intubation tube, Preferably, it forms from metals, such as plastic or stainless steel, titanium.

内挿管７の下端部は吸込み面８を備えている。散気用給気配管３には複数個の散気板４が設置されているが、散気用給気配管３は必ずしも水平に設置されているとは限らず、内挿管７の下端が水面に対して同じ高さに配置されない場合がある。図３に示したように、内挿管下端の吸込み面８が傾斜していない場合は、下端部が水面に接するか水面下にある内挿管７からしか吸い上げ（本明細書において「吸い上げ」と表現する場合には、「押し上げ」を含む場合がある）が起こらないため、全ての散気板４にブロー水が均一に供給されず、ブロー水が供給されない一部の散気板で目詰まりが進行する恐れがある。
一方、図４に示したように、内挿管下端の吸込み面８が傾斜している場合は、水面が吸込み面８の上端と下端の間にあればブロー水を吸い上げ可能であり、水面に対する内挿管下端の配置に上下が生じた場合でも、一定範囲であれば全ての内挿管からの吸上げが可能であり、散気板４に均一なブローが可能である。したがって、吸込み面８が傾斜している場合は、散気用給気配管３の水平方向の設置精度の許容範囲が大きくなる。 The lower end portion of the inner intubation 7 has a suction surface 8. A plurality of diffuser plates 4 are installed in the diffuser supply pipe 3, but the diffuser supply pipe 3 is not necessarily installed horizontally, and the lower end of the intubation pipe 7 is the water surface. May not be arranged at the same height. As shown in FIG. 3, when the suction surface 8 at the lower end of the intubation tube is not inclined, the lower end portion is sucked only from the inner tube 7 that is in contact with the water surface or below the water surface (expressed as “sucking up” in this specification). In some cases, “push-up” may be included), so that the blow water is not uniformly supplied to all the diffuser plates 4, and clogging is caused by some diffuser plates to which blow water is not supplied. There is a risk of progress.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, when the suction surface 8 at the lower end of the intubation tube is inclined, the blow water can be sucked up if the water surface is between the upper end and the lower end of the suction surface 8. Even when the lower end of the intubation is arranged up and down, suction from all the inner intubations is possible within a certain range, and uniform blow to the diffuser plate 4 is possible. Therefore, when the suction surface 8 is inclined, the allowable range of the installation accuracy in the horizontal direction of the air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion becomes large.

また、図４に示すように、水位が吸込み面８の上端と下端の間にある場合はブロー速度の大きい気水混相のブローとなるが、図５の右図に示すように水位が吸込み面８より高くなった場合は、水だけを吸い上げるため、空気が混相しない水押出しブローとなる。これに対し、図５の左図のように内挿管７の管壁に通気孔９が設置されている場合は、水位が吸込み面８より高い場合においても通気孔９から空気が入るため、ブロー速度の大きい気水混相のブローをすることができる。   In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, when the water level is between the upper end and the lower end of the suction surface 8, the air / water mixed phase is blown at a high blow speed. However, as shown in the right diagram of FIG. When it becomes higher than 8, since only water is sucked up, it becomes a water extrusion blow in which air does not mix. On the other hand, when the vent hole 9 is installed in the tube wall of the inner tube 7 as shown in the left diagram of FIG. 5, air enters from the vent hole 9 even when the water level is higher than the suction surface 8. A high-speed air-water mixed phase can be blown.

通気孔９の形状および大きさは、特に制限はなく、任意の形状および大きさとすることができる。例えば、内挿管７の全長を200mm、内挿管７の内径を13mmとした場合、通気孔９は直径1mm〜10mm、好ましくは2mm〜7mmの円形形状とすることができる。また、通気孔９の位置は、特に制限はなく、任意の位置とすることができる。例えば、全長200mm、内径13mmの内挿管が、内径80mmの散気用給気配管内に装着され、内挿管の下端が散気用給気配管の内底部に接している場合、通気孔９は、内挿管の下端から10mm〜75mm、好ましくは30〜70mmの位置に設けることができる。
また、散気用給気配管内は加圧されているので、通気孔９の位置は、水ブローおよびガスの流れの方向に対して正面側であっても背面側であってもよい。 There is no restriction | limiting in particular in the shape and magnitude | size of the vent hole 9, It can be set as arbitrary shapes and magnitude | sizes. For example, when the total length of the inner intubation tube 7 is 200 mm and the inner diameter of the inner intubation tube 7 is 13 mm, the vent hole 9 can have a circular shape with a diameter of 1 mm to 10 mm, preferably 2 mm to 7 mm. The position of the vent hole 9 is not particularly limited and can be set to an arbitrary position. For example, when an intubation tube having a total length of 200 mm and an inner diameter of 13 mm is mounted in an air supply pipe for air diffusion with an inner diameter of 80 mm, and the lower end of the inner tube is in contact with the inner bottom portion of the air supply pipe for air diffusion, It can be provided at a position of 10 mm to 75 mm, preferably 30 to 70 mm from the lower end of the intubation tube.
Further, since the inside of the air supply piping for air diffusion is pressurized, the position of the vent hole 9 may be on the front side or the back side with respect to the direction of water blow and gas flow.

傾斜した吸い込み面８の下端は、散気用給気配管３の内底近傍に位置し、たとえ水位が低くても、確実にブロー水を内挿管７内に吸い上げることができるようにする。傾斜した吸い込み面８の下端は、散気用給気配管３の内底より0〜10mm上方にあることが好ましい。
傾斜した吸い込み面８の垂直方向に対する傾斜角度θに特に制限はないが、内挿管７は空気の供給路でもあるため、空気を十分に内挿管７内に送気できるような傾斜角度θにすることが好ましい。傾斜角度θは、例えば10〜85度、好ましくは30〜80度とすることができる。 The lower end of the inclined suction surface 8 is located in the vicinity of the inner bottom of the air supply pipe 3 for diffusing, so that even if the water level is low, the blow water can be surely sucked into the inner tube 7. The lower end of the inclined suction surface 8 is preferably 0 to 10 mm above the inner bottom of the air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion.
Although there is no particular limitation on the inclination angle θ of the inclined suction surface 8 with respect to the vertical direction, since the intubation tube 7 is also an air supply path, the inclination angle θ is such that air can be sufficiently supplied into the intubation tube 7. It is preferable. The inclination angle θ can be, for example, 10 to 85 degrees, preferably 30 to 80 degrees.

＜ブロー水供給手段＞
ブロー水供給手段５はブロー水供給管１４を介して散気用給気配管３にブロー水を供給する装置であって、散気用給気配管３の空気圧に打ち勝ってブロー水を散気用給気配管３内に供給できるようになっている。ブロー水供給手段５としては、例えば水の貯留槽に送水ポンプを設けたものがある。
ブロー水供給手段５より供給されたブロー水は、ブロー水供給管１４を介して散気用給気配管３に流れ込み、散気用給気配管３から内挿管７を通して散気板４に送水され、空気と同様、散気板４の散気面に点在する複数の散気孔から放出される。 <Blow water supply means>
The blow water supply means 5 is a device for supplying blow water to the air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion via the blow water supply pipe 14, for overcoming the air pressure of the air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion. The air supply pipe 3 can be supplied. As the blow water supply means 5, there is, for example, a water storage tank provided with a water pump.
The blow water supplied from the blow water supply means 5 flows into the air supply pipe 3 through the blow water supply pipe 14, and is sent from the air supply pipe 3 through the inner pipe 7 to the air diffuser plate 4. Like air, the air is emitted from a plurality of air holes scattered on the air diffusion surface of the air diffusion plate 4.

＜高圧空気供給装置＞
高圧空気供給装置１６は、空気圧縮機１７によって生成される圧縮空気を空気槽１８に貯留し、開閉弁２２の開閉動作によって、空気槽内の圧縮空気を、高圧空気供給管１９を介して散気用給気配管３に供給したり、供給を停止したりする。
なお、高圧空気供給管１９には散気用給気配管３へ圧縮空気を定量供給できるようにするために定流量弁を設置してもよい。 <High pressure air supply device>
The high-pressure air supply device 16 stores the compressed air generated by the air compressor 17 in the air tank 18, and the open / close valve 22 opens and closes the compressed air in the air tank via the high-pressure air supply pipe 19. Supply to the air supply pipe 3 or stop the supply.
The high-pressure air supply pipe 19 may be provided with a constant flow valve so that the compressed air can be quantitatively supplied to the air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion.

上記のように構成された本実施の形態に係る散気装置１の運転動作を、散気運転、水ブロー運転に分けて説明する。
＜散気運転＞
散気運転は、ガス供給手段２から送風される空気を、散気用給気配管３に送り出し、この空気を、内挿管７を介して散気板４の微細孔またはスリットから曝気槽１２内へ微細気泡として放出する運転である。散気運転時には、開閉弁２０を開放し、開閉弁２１、２２を閉止して運転する。 The operation of the air diffuser 1 according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described separately for the air diffuser operation and the water blow operation.
<Aeration operation>
In the aeration operation, air blown from the gas supply means 2 is sent to the aeration supply pipe 3, and this air is passed through the inner tube 7 through the micropores or slits of the aeration plate 4 into the aeration tank 12. This is an operation that discharges as fine bubbles. During the aeration operation, the on-off valve 20 is opened and the on-off valves 21 and 22 are closed.

＜水ブロー運転＞
水ブロー運転とは、ブロー水供給手段５からブロー水を散気用給気配管３に定期的に供給し、内挿管７を介してブロー水を散気板４に供給することによって散気板４を水ブローし、散気板４の散気孔に微生物などが付着するのを防止する運転である。
水ブロー運転の運転手順は例えば以下のように行う。
散気運転を継続しながら水ブロー運転を開始する場合（通常はこの方法による）には、制御装置２３の制御信号によって開閉弁２１を開放してブロー水を散気用給気配管３に供給する。このとき、散気運転が行われているため、供給したブロー水の一部は散気空気と共に内挿管７を介して揚水される。
したがって、ブロー水を一時的に散気用給気配管３内に貯留するためには、ブロー水の供給量は通常の散気運転によって揚水される量よりも多い量にする必要がある。この点、前述したように、散気装置の圧損が250mmAq（2.5kPa）のときに水ブローを行った場合、揚水量は実測値で２L/分であるため、２L/分を超えるブロー水を注入することで、水注入量が揚水量を上回ることになり、注水したブロー水を散気用給気配管３に貯留することができる。 <Water blow operation>
In the water blow operation, the blow water is periodically supplied from the blow water supply means 5 to the air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion, and the blow water is supplied to the air diffuser plate 4 via the inner intubation 7 to thereby diffuse the air diffuser plate. In this operation, water 4 is blown to prevent microorganisms and the like from adhering to the diffuser holes of the diffuser plate 4.
The operation procedure of the water blow operation is performed as follows, for example.
When starting the water blow operation while continuing the aeration operation (usually by this method), the on / off valve 21 is opened by the control signal of the control device 23 and the blow water is supplied to the air supply pipe 3 for the aeration. To do. At this time, since the aeration operation is performed, a part of the supplied blow water is pumped up through the intubation tube 7 together with the aeration air.
Therefore, in order to temporarily store the blow water in the air supply pipe 3 for aeration, the supply amount of the blow water needs to be larger than the amount pumped by the normal aeration operation. In this regard, as mentioned above, when water blow is performed when the pressure loss of the diffuser is 250 mmAq (2.5 kPa), the pumped amount is 2 L / min. By injecting, the amount of water injection exceeds the amount of pumped water, and the blown water that has been injected can be stored in the air supply pipe 3 for aeration.

揚水量を超える量のブロー水を散気用給気配管３に供給開始し、ある注入時間経過後には曝気槽底部の散気用給気配管３内の水位が内挿管７の吸い込み面レベルより上昇する。この時点で、制御装置２３の制御信号によって開閉弁２２を開放することにより、散気用給気配管３に圧縮空気を注入する。注入した圧縮空気は逆止弁１５の逆流防止作用により逆止弁１５の上流側には逃げないので、散気用給気配管３の末端側の空気圧は上昇する。そして、その圧力により押されたブロー水の散気板４の開孔を通過する際の速度は大きくなり、効果的にバイオフィルムを剥がす。
圧縮空気の供給は、曝気槽底部の散気用給気配管３に溜まったブロー水がブローにより曝気槽１２に放出される例えば数秒間だけ供給すればよい。 The supply of blow water exceeding the amount of pumped water is started to the air supply pipe 3 for aeration, and after a certain injection time, the water level in the air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion at the bottom of the aeration tank is lower than the suction surface level of the intubation pipe 7 To rise. At this time, the open / close valve 22 is opened by the control signal of the control device 23 to inject compressed air into the air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion. The injected compressed air does not escape to the upstream side of the check valve 15 due to the backflow preventing action of the check valve 15, so that the air pressure on the terminal side of the air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion rises. And the speed | rate at the time of passing the opening of the diffuser plate 4 of the blow water pushed by the pressure becomes large, and peels a biofilm effectively.
The compressed air may be supplied only for several seconds, for example, when blow water accumulated in the air supply pipe 3 for aeration at the bottom of the aeration tank is discharged to the aeration tank 12 by blowing.

曝気槽底部の散気用給気配管３に溜まったブロー水によるブローが完了すると、制御装置２３の制御信号によって開閉弁２１及び開閉弁２２を閉止して水ブロー運転を完了する。
水ブロー運転によるブロー水の供給頻度に特に制限はないが、好ましくは数時間から数日毎に行うのが好ましい。
なお、水ブロー運転の開始のタイミングや、開閉弁２１及び開閉弁２２の開閉のタイミングなどについては制御装置２３に予め設定しておいて自動運転するようにするのが好ましい。 When the blow by the blow water accumulated in the air supply pipe 3 for aeration at the bottom of the aeration tank is completed, the on / off valve 21 and the on / off valve 22 are closed by the control signal of the control device 23 to complete the water blow operation.
Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the supply frequency of the blow water by water blow operation, Preferably it is preferable to carry out every several hours to several days.
It should be noted that the timing for starting the water blow operation and the timing for opening / closing the on-off valve 21 and on-off valve 22 are preferably set in advance in the control device 23 so as to perform automatic operation.

以上のように、本実施の形態の散気装置１は内挿管７を備えており、散気用給気配管３内をブロー水で満管にしなくてもブロー水を散気板４に供給することができ、散気用の空気の供給通路を常に確保することができる。このため、散気運転に支障を来たすことなく水ブロー運転を効果的に行うことができる。
また、本実施の形態においては、散気用給気配管３に逆止弁１５を設け、散気用給気配管３内にブロー水を貯留した後、散気用給気配管３内に圧縮空気を供給して水ブローを行うようにしたので、散気板４の開孔を通過する際のブロー水の流速を大きくして、バイオフィルムを効果的に剥がすことができる。 As described above, the air diffuser 1 according to the present embodiment includes the inner tube 7 and supplies blow water to the air diffuser plate 4 without filling the air diffuser supply pipe 3 with blow water. Therefore, it is possible to always ensure an air supply passage for air diffusion. For this reason, the water blow operation can be effectively performed without hindering the aeration operation.
Further, in the present embodiment, a check valve 15 is provided in the air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion, and blow water is stored in the air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion, and then compressed in the air supply pipe 3 for air diffusion. Since the air is blown by supplying air, the flow rate of blow water when passing through the opening of the diffuser plate 4 can be increased to effectively peel off the biofilm.

なお、上記の実施の形態においては、通常の散気運転を継続しながら水ブロー運転を行う場合について説明したが、供給したブロー水が散気用給気配管３内に貯留されやすくするため、水ブロー運転の際には、散気用空気の風量を低下させて散気用給気配管３内の圧力をブロー水が内挿管７から吸い上げ又は押し上げがされない程度の圧力にし、供給したブロー水が全ての内挿管７の下端部に満遍なく行き渡った後、散気用空気を増風すると共に圧縮空気を散気用給気配管３に供給するようにしてもよい。   In the above embodiment, the case where the water blow operation is performed while continuing the normal aeration operation has been described, but the supplied blow water is easily stored in the aeration air supply pipe 3. During the water blow operation, the blown water supplied is reduced by reducing the air volume of the diffuser air so that the pressure in the diffuser air supply pipe 3 is such that the blow water is not sucked up or pushed up from the inner cannula 7. However, the air diffuser air may be increased and the compressed air may be supplied to the air diffuser supply pipe 3 after the air has evenly distributed to the lower ends of all the intubation tubes 7.

なお、上記の実施の形態においては、ブロー水について特に限定していないが、微生物を死滅させる効果を有する成分を含むブロー水を使用することによって、微生物の増殖を効果的に抑制することができる。微生物を死滅させる効果を有する成分には、特に制限はないが、例えば、抗菌物質または酸化物質、より具体的には、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム、逆性石鹸、酸、アルカリ、オゾン、または二酸化塩素、炭酸アルカリ金属などが含まれる。   In the above embodiment, the blow water is not particularly limited. However, the use of blow water containing a component having an effect of killing microorganisms can effectively suppress the growth of microorganisms. . The component having an effect of killing microorganisms is not particularly limited, but for example, an antibacterial substance or an oxidizing substance, more specifically, sodium hypochlorite, inverse soap, acid, alkali, ozone, or chlorine dioxide And alkali metal carbonates.

本発明においては圧縮空気を散気用給気配管内に供給することで散気板の開孔を通過する際のブロー水の流速を大きくして、バイオフィルムを効果的に剥がすことを主眼としている。
もっとも、本発明の一つの特徴として内挿管を用いて水ブローする点が挙げられ、内挿管を用いることにより、圧縮空気によるブロー水の流速を大きくしない水ブローであってもバイオフィルムを剥がすことに関してそれ相当の効果を奏するものである。
そこで、以下においては圧縮空気を供給しない場合の水ブローの効果を確認するため、曝気槽に散気板を設置し、下記の条件にて水ブローを実施した。 In the present invention, the main purpose is to effectively peel off the biofilm by increasing the flow rate of blow water when passing through the opening of the diffuser plate by supplying the compressed air into the diffuser air supply pipe. .
However, one feature of the present invention is that water is blown using an intubation tube. By using the intubation tube, the biofilm can be peeled off even with a water blow that does not increase the flow rate of the blow water by compressed air. It has an effect equivalent to that.
Therefore, in the following, in order to confirm the effect of water blow when compressed air is not supplied, a diffuser plate is installed in the aeration tank, and water blow is performed under the following conditions.

散気板材質:SUS316L
孔形状 :長さ1.45mm、幅0.04mm
開孔率 :約0.5%
通気量 :30m3/m2/hr
ブロー水 :次亜塩素酸ナトリウム溶液(濃度;100ppm)
ブロー水量:500ml/回
水ブロー頻度:1回/日
なお、水ブローを実施しない例を比較例とした。 Air diffuser material: SUS316L
Hole shape: Length 1.45mm, width 0.04mm
Opening ratio: about 0.5%
Air flow: 30m3 / m2 / hr
Blow water: Sodium hypochlorite solution (concentration: 100 ppm)
Blow water amount: 500 ml / time Water blow frequency: 1 time / day An example in which no water blow was performed was used as a comparative example.

水ブロー有りの例(実施例)となしの例(比較例)の圧損増加量（mmAq）の経時変化を、図６のグラフに示した。   The graph of FIG. 6 shows the change over time in the amount of increase in pressure loss (mmAq) in the example (Example) with and without water blow (Comparative Example).

図６のグラフから明らかなように、水ブローを定期的に実施することによって、長期間にわたる散気運転においても散気装置の圧損上昇を効果的に抑制することができ、高い酸素移動効率を維持することができた。   As is apparent from the graph of FIG. 6, by periodically carrying out the water blow, it is possible to effectively suppress an increase in the pressure loss of the air diffuser even in the air diffused operation over a long period of time, and to achieve a high oxygen transfer efficiency. Could be maintained.

次に圧縮空気によるブロー水の流速を大きくする場合の実施例について説明する。図７は本実施例の説明図であり、図１に示したものと同一部分には同一の符号を付してある。図７に示す例は、一つの曝気槽１２内に送気管１３から６本の散気用給気配管３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃ、３ｄ、３ｅ、３ｆを分岐して配置し、各散気用給気配管３（散気用給気配管全体を指すときには符号３を付し、各散気用給気配管を指すときには符号３に添え字を付して示す）に６０個の散気板４を設置した６ブロックからなる例である。また、この例では、高圧空気供給管１９に高圧空気を定量供給するための定流量弁２５を設置している。   Next, an example in which the flow rate of blow water by compressed air is increased will be described. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the present embodiment, and the same parts as those shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 7, six aeration supply pipes 3 a, 3 b, 3 c, 3 d, 3 e, 3 f are branched from an air supply pipe 13 in one aeration tank 12, and each aeration supply 60 air diffuser plates 4 are attached to the air pipe 3 (reference numeral 3 is used to indicate the entire air supply pipe for diffusion, and subscript is added to reference numeral 3 to indicate each of the air supply pipes for air diffusion). This is an example of 6 blocks installed. Further, in this example, a constant flow valve 25 for supplying a constant amount of high-pressure air to the high-pressure air supply pipe 19 is installed.

図７に示した本実施例の散気装置における水ブロー運転について説明する。
散気運転中においては、ガス供給手段２であるブロワは散気板４への所定風量を供給するよう制御されており、散気板４の圧損に応じたブロワの送気圧が決まる。
水ブロー運転は６本ある散気用給気配管３について１本毎に行うので、水ブロー運転開始に際して、例えば図中最も左側にあるブロックの開閉弁２１を開放して散気用給気配管３ａにブロー水を供給する。散気用給気配管３ａはヘッダーで他の散気用給気配管とつながっているので、このときブロー水に作用する揚水圧は通常の散気装置の圧損に等しい圧力となる。前述したように、250mm角で開孔率1.3％の散気板に散気板の面積当りに30m３／m2・Hの空気を通過させると、開孔の空気の通過速度は0.64m/秒で、その際の圧損は250mmAq（2.5kPa）であり、このときの揚水量は実測値で２L/分である。したがって、圧縮空気の供給がないとすれば、散気板４の開孔を通過するブロー水の通過速度は0.04m/秒（＝2×10-3÷60）÷（0.252×0.013））となり、物理的なブロー効果は高いとは言えない。 The water blow operation in the aeration apparatus of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 7 will be described.
During the aeration operation, the blower as the gas supply means 2 is controlled to supply a predetermined air volume to the aeration plate 4, and the blower air pressure corresponding to the pressure loss of the aeration plate 4 is determined.
Since the water blow operation is performed for each of the six air supply pipes 3 for air diffusion, when the water blow operation is started, for example, the on-off valve 21 of the leftmost block in the figure is opened to supply the air supply pipe for air diffusion. Blow water is supplied to 3a. Since the diffuser air supply pipe 3a is connected to other air diffuser air supply pipes at the header, the pumping pressure acting on the blow water at this time is equal to the pressure loss of a normal air diffuser. As described above, when air of 30 m 3 / m 2 · H per area of a diffuser plate is passed through a diffuser plate of 250 mm square with a hole area ratio of 1.3%, the air passage speed of the aperture is 0.64 m / The pressure loss at that time is 250 mmAq (2.5 kPa), and the pumping amount at this time is 2 L / min in actual measurement. Therefore, if there is no supply of compressed air, the passing speed of the blow water passing through the opening of the diffuser plate 4 is 0.04 m / sec (= 2 × 10 −3 ÷ 60) ÷ (0.25 2 × 0.013)) Therefore, the physical blow effect is not high.

そこで、本実施例では供給するブロー水の量を、散気運転による揚水量である２L/分を超える量にして注入し、曝気槽底部の散気用給気配管３ａ内の水位が内挿管の吸い込み面レベルよりも上昇させる。その時点で、開閉弁２２を開放して散気用給気配管３ａに高圧空気を注入する。注入した高圧空気は逆止弁１５ａの作用により、他の散気用給気配管には逆流しないので、注入された風量だけ散気用給気配管３ａにおける逆止弁１５ａよりも末端側に供給されることになる。   Therefore, in this embodiment, the amount of blow water to be supplied is injected in an amount exceeding 2 L / min, which is the pumped amount by the aeration operation, and the water level in the aeration tank 3a at the bottom of the aeration tank is intubated. Raise the suction surface level above. At that time, the on-off valve 22 is opened and high-pressure air is injected into the air supply pipe 3a for diffusing. The injected high-pressure air does not flow back to the other air supply piping due to the action of the check valve 15a, and therefore, only the amount of the injected air is supplied to the end side of the check air valve 15a in the air supply piping 3a. Will be.

本実施例のように１つの散気用給気配管あたりに６０ヶの散気板４が接続されている場合において、例えば250mm角の散気板４に30m３／m2・Hの高圧空気を供給するには、定流量弁２５の設定値は下式によって求められるように、1.9m3/分となる。
30m３／m2・H×0.252×60ヶ＝1.9m3/分
このときの散気板の圧損は、散気運転における送気での圧損250mmAq（2.5kPa）に実測値で1,000mmAq（10kPa）を加えた値となり、散気運転における送気での圧損250mmAq（2.5kPa）より高い圧力となる。 When 60 diffuser plates 4 are connected per one diffuser air supply pipe as in this embodiment, for example, high-pressure air of 30 m 3 / m 2 · H is added to the 250 mm square diffuser plate 4. , The set value of the constant flow valve 25 is 1.9 m 3 / min as determined by the following equation.
30m 3 / m 2 · H × 0.25 2 × 60 pcs = 1.9m 3 / min At this time, the pressure loss of the diffuser plate is 250mmAq (2.5kPa) for the air supply during the diffused operation, and the measured value is 1,000mmAq ( 10kPa) is added, and the pressure loss is higher than 250mmAq (2.5kPa) in the air supply in the diffuse operation.

逆止弁１５ａで逆流防止された散気用給気配管３ａ内に30m３／m2・Hの高圧空気を供給すると、ほぼ同量のブロー水が内挿管に揚水されると考えられ、開孔率1.3％の散気板の開孔でのブロー水の通過速度は0.64m/秒（＝30m3/m2/H÷0.013÷60÷60）となる。この値は上述した散気用空気のみの場合の通過速度である0.04m/秒に比較して格段に大きな速度であり、これは散気運転時の散気板４を通過する空気の通過速度と同じである。水は空気に比べ約1,000倍の密度を有することを考えると、このような通過速度でブロー水を散気板４の開孔を通過させれば、散気運転時に増殖した散気板４の開孔側面に付着したバイオフィルムの剥離効果は大きいと言える。 When high-pressure air of 30 m 3 / m 2 · H is supplied into the air supply pipe 3 a for preventing backflow by the check valve 15 a, it is considered that almost the same amount of blow water is pumped up into the intubation pipe. The speed of blow water passing through the diffuser plate with a porosity of 1.3% is 0.64 m / sec (= 30 m 3 / m 2 /H÷0.013÷60÷60). This value is a significantly higher speed than the above-described passing speed of 0.04 m / sec in the case of only the air for aeration, and this is the speed of the air passing through the aeration plate 4 during the aeration operation. Is the same. Considering that water has a density about 1,000 times that of air, if the blow water is passed through the opening of the diffuser plate 4 at such a passing speed, the diffuser plate 4 proliferated during the diffuser operation can be obtained. It can be said that the peeling effect of the biofilm attached to the side surface of the aperture is large.

一つの散気用給気管３ａに対する水ブローが完了すると、順次隣接するブロックについて水ブロー運転を実施する。   When the water blow for one air supply pipe 3a is completed, the water blow operation is sequentially performed on adjacent blocks.

本実施例において説明したように、高圧空気供給管１９に定流量弁２５を設け、高圧空気を予め定めた定量供給できるようにすれば、高圧空気の供給による散気板４の開孔を通過するブロー水の速度をある程度制御でき、バイオフィルムの剥離効果を高めることができる。   As described in the present embodiment, if the constant flow valve 25 is provided in the high-pressure air supply pipe 19 so that high-pressure air can be supplied in a predetermined amount, the high-pressure air is passed through the opening of the diffuser plate 4. The speed of blow water to be controlled can be controlled to some extent, and the biofilm peeling effect can be enhanced.

本発明の一実施の形態に係る散気装置の模式図である。It is a mimetic diagram of an air diffuser concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施の形態に係る内挿管の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the intubation which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施の形態に係る内挿管の一態様を示す図であり、吸込み面が傾斜していない場合の模式図である。It is a figure which shows the one aspect | mode of the intubation tube which concerns on one embodiment of this invention, and is a schematic diagram in case the suction surface is not inclined. 本発明の一実施の形態に係る内挿管の他の態様を示す図であり、吸込み面が傾斜している場合の模式図である。It is a figure which shows the other aspect of the intubation tube which concerns on one embodiment of this invention, and is a schematic diagram in case the suction surface inclines. 本発明の一実施の形態における内挿管の説明図であり、内挿管に設けた通気孔の効果を示す模式図である。It is explanatory drawing of the intubation in one embodiment of this invention, and is a schematic diagram which shows the effect of the vent provided in the intubation. 実施例１の圧損増加量の経時変化を示すグラフである。3 is a graph showing the change over time in the amount of increase in pressure loss in Example 1. 実施例２の散気装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the aeration apparatus of Example 2.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 散気装置
２ ガス供給手段
３ 散気用給気配管
４ 散気板
５ ブロー水供給手段
７ 内挿管
７ａ 弁座
８ 吸い込み面
９ 通気孔
１０ 固定用締付け部材
１１ 取付ブラケット
１２ 曝気槽
１３ 送気管
１４ ブロー水供給管
１５ 逆止弁
１６ 高圧空気供給手段
１７ 空気圧縮機
１８ 空気槽
１９ 高圧空気供給管
２０、２１、２２ 開閉弁
２３ 制御装置
２５ 定流量弁 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air diffuser 2 Gas supply means 3 Air supply piping for aeration 4 Air diffuser plate 5 Blow water supply means 7 Inner intubation 7a Valve seat 8 Suction surface 9 Vent hole 10 Fixing fastening member 11 Mounting bracket 12 Aeration tank 13 Air supply pipe DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14 Blow water supply pipe 15 Check valve 16 High pressure air supply means 17 Air compressor 18 Air tank 19 High pressure air supply pipe 20, 21, 22 On-off valve 23 Control apparatus 25 Constant flow valve

Claims (2)

曝気槽に設置される微細気孔を有する散気板と、該散気板に接続された散気用給気配管と、該散気用給気配管に逆止弁を介して接続されて該散気用給気配管に散気用空気を供給する給気装置と、一端が前記散気板に連通され、他端が前記散気用給気配管内に内挿された内挿管と、前記散気用給気配管内へ該散気用給気配管内の空気圧に打ち勝って、かつ散気運転によって揚水される量よりも多量のブロー水を供給するブロー水供給手段と、前記散気用給気配管における前記逆止弁の下流側へ散気用空気よりも高い圧力の空気を供給する高圧空気供給手段を備えたことを特徴とする散気装置。 A diffuser plate having fine pores installed in the aeration tank, a diffuser supply pipe connected to the diffuser plate, and the diffuser connected to the diffuser supply pipe via a check valve An air supply device for supplying air for air supply to the air supply pipe; an intubation pipe having one end communicating with the air diffuser plate and the other end inserted into the air supply pipe for air diffusion; and the air diffuser. A blow water supply means for overcoming the air pressure in the air supply pipe for air diffusion and supplying a larger amount of blow water than the amount pumped up by the air diffusion operation; and An air diffuser comprising a high-pressure air supply means for supplying air having a pressure higher than that of air to the downstream side of the check valve. 請求項１に記載の散気装置の運転方法であって、散気運転の継続中にブロー水供給手段により散気用給気配管内へ散気運転によって揚水される量よりも多量のブロー水を供給して注水したブロー水を前記散気用給気配管内に貯留するブロー水供給工程と、散気用給気配管内のブロー水の水位が前記内挿管の吸込み面レベルよりも上昇したときに、高圧空気供給手段により前記散気用給気配管内へ高圧空気を供給し、前記散気用給気配管内のブロー水を、前記内挿管を介して散気板から排出させる散気板洗浄工程を備えたことを特徴とする散気装置の運転方法。
The operation method of the air diffuser according to claim 1, wherein a larger amount of blow water than the amount pumped by the air diffuser operation into the air supply pipe for air diffuser by the blow water supply means during the continuous air diffuser operation. A blow water supply step of storing blow water supplied and poured into the air supply pipe for air diffusion, and when the water level of the blow water in the air supply pipe for air diffusion rises above the suction surface level of the intubation pipe, A high pressure air supply means supplies high pressure air into the diffuser air supply pipe, and a blower plate cleaning step of discharging blow water in the diffuser air supply pipe from the diffuser plate via the inner tube is provided. A method of operating an air diffuser characterized by the above.
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