JP2007117871A - Porous membrane material and air diffuser - Google Patents

Porous membrane material and air diffuser Download PDF

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JP2007117871A
JP2007117871A JP2005312744A JP2005312744A JP2007117871A JP 2007117871 A JP2007117871 A JP 2007117871A JP 2005312744 A JP2005312744 A JP 2005312744A JP 2005312744 A JP2005312744 A JP 2005312744A JP 2007117871 A JP2007117871 A JP 2007117871A
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bubble generating
porous membrane
membrane material
treatment
small holes
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Masanori Fujii
政徳 藤井
Hiromasa Honjo
宏昌 本城
Tomoaki Okuda
智昭 奥田
Shuji Ishii
修次 石井
Yoshio Azuma
吉夫 東
Kunihiko Sasajima
邦彦 笹嶋
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Mitsubishi Cable Industries Ltd
Daicen Membrane Systems Ltd
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Mitsubishi Cable Industries Ltd
Daicen Membrane Systems Ltd
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Priority to JP2005312744A priority Critical patent/JP2007117871A/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a porous membrane material from which minute air bubbles can be generated uniformly and the efficiency of which when air bubbles are dispersed in sewage is improved. <P>SOLUTION: The porous membrane material 1 has an air bubble generating membrane part 3 which has many small through-holes 2 and is made from an elastic body. Minute air bubbles are generated uniformly from the whole surface of the porous membrane material by setting small through-holes 2 in each portion of the air bubble generating membrane part 3 of the porous membrane material 1 so that the inside diameters, lengths or density of small through-holes to be arranged in one portion are made different from the inside diameters, lengths or density of those to be arranged in another portion. A hydrophilicity imparting agent-coated layer is formed on the front surface 3a of the air bubble generating membrane part 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、曝気槽に設けられる多孔膜材とその多孔膜材を用いた散気装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a porous membrane material provided in an aeration tank and an air diffuser using the porous membrane material.

下水処理施設等に於て、微生物を利用して下水・汚水を浄化する下水処理装置がある。このような下水処理装置の曝気槽の底部等には、多孔膜材（多孔板材）が取り付けられた給気用ホルダーが設けられており、ホルダーに供給される空気は、多孔膜材（多孔板材）の小孔を通って微細気泡となり曝気槽内に送り出される。そして、この微細気泡が曝気槽内の微生物を活性化して下水・汚水を処理している。
下水処理装置に使用される従来の多孔膜材（多孔板材）としては、例えば、ゴム製又は樹脂製のシートに多数の小孔を貫設したもの（特許文献１参照）や、樹脂又はセラミックの粒子を板状に焼結したもの（特許文献２参照）があった。 In sewage treatment facilities, there are sewage treatment devices that purify sewage and sewage using microorganisms. At the bottom of the aeration tank of such a sewage treatment apparatus, an air supply holder to which a porous film material (porous plate material) is attached is provided, and the air supplied to the holder is porous film material (porous plate material) ) Through the small holes to form fine bubbles and sent out into the aeration tank. These fine bubbles activate microorganisms in the aeration tank to treat sewage and sewage.
As a conventional porous membrane material (porous plate material) used for a sewage treatment apparatus, for example, a rubber or resin sheet with many small holes penetrating (see Patent Document 1), a resin or ceramic There was one obtained by sintering particles into a plate shape (see Patent Document 2).

一般的に、樹脂製又はセラミック製の多孔膜材（多孔板材）は、散気していない状態（ホルダーから曝気槽内に空気が送られていない状態）では、小孔に下水中のごみ・汚物等が詰まるといった問題がある。これに対し、ゴム製の多孔膜材は、ホルダーに空気を供給すると、空気圧によって膨張し、この時小孔も膨張開口して散気する。そして、散気していない状態では、多孔膜材は膨張せず小孔は閉じているので目詰まりを起こすことはない。従って、小孔の目詰まりを防止するためには、ゴム製の多孔膜材が好ましい。
特開２００３−３２０３８８号公報 特開平８−１５５４８４号公報 In general, a porous film material (porous plate material) made of resin or ceramic is free of diffused air (when air is not sent from the holder into the aeration tank), and sewage waste / There is a problem such as clogging with filth. On the other hand, the rubber porous membrane material expands by air pressure when air is supplied to the holder. At this time, the small holes also expand and open. And in the state which is not diffused, since a porous membrane material does not expand | swell and a small hole is closed, it does not cause clogging. Therefore, in order to prevent clogging of small holes, a rubber porous membrane material is preferable.
JP 2003-320388 A JP-A-8-155484

しかしながら、ゴム製の多孔膜材は、基本的に表面エネルギーが低く、水中では高い疎水傾向を示す。そのため、膜表面で気泡がなかなか脱離せず、気泡サイズが大きくなる（例えば直径3.0 mm以上）という問題があった。
そこで、本発明は、均一に微細気泡を発生させることができ、下水中への気泡分散効率を改善した多孔膜材と、その多孔膜材を用いた散気装置を提供することを目的とする。 However, the rubber porous membrane material basically has a low surface energy and shows a high hydrophobic tendency in water. For this reason, there is a problem that bubbles are not easily detached from the film surface and the bubble size is increased (for example, a diameter of 3.0 mm or more).
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a porous membrane material that can uniformly generate fine bubbles and improve the efficiency of dispersing bubbles in sewage, and an air diffuser using the porous membrane material. .

上記目的を達成するために、本発明に係る多孔膜材は、多数の小孔が貫設された弾性体製の気泡発生膜部を有する多孔膜材に於て、上記気泡発生膜部の各部位毎の上記小孔の内径寸法、及び／又は、長さ寸法、及び／又は、配設密度を相違するように設定して全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成し、さらに、上記気泡発生膜部の表て面には、親水性付与剤のコート層が形成されている。
また、多数の小孔が貫設された弾性体製の気泡発生膜部を有する多孔膜材に於て、上記気泡発生膜部の各部位毎の上記小孔の内径寸法、及び／又は、長さ寸法、及び／又は、配設密度を相違するように設定して全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成し、さらに、上記気泡発生膜部の表て面には、ブラスト処理、プラズマ処理、化学処理、コロナ処理、オゾン処理の中から選ばれる少なくとも１種類の処理にて、親水性が付与されている。 In order to achieve the above object, the porous membrane material according to the present invention is a porous membrane material having an elastic bubble generating membrane portion through which a large number of small holes are provided. The inside diameter dimension and / or the length dimension and / or the arrangement density of the small holes for each part are set to be different from each other so as to generate uniform fine bubbles over the entire surface. A coating layer of a hydrophilicity-imparting agent is formed on the surface of the bubble generating film part.
Further, in a porous membrane material having an elastic bubble generating membrane part through which a large number of small holes are provided, the inner diameter dimension and / or the length of the small hole for each part of the bubble generating film part The size and / or arrangement density is set to be different so that uniform fine bubbles are generated over the entire surface. Further, the surface of the bubble generating film portion is subjected to blast treatment, plasma. Hydrophilicity is imparted by at least one treatment selected from treatment, chemical treatment, corona treatment, and ozone treatment.

また、本発明に係る散気装置は、曝気槽内に空気を供給するホルダーと、該ホルダーに設けられると共に多数の小孔が貫設された気泡発生膜部を有する多孔膜材と、を備え、該多孔膜材は、該気泡発生膜部の各部位毎の該小孔の内径寸法、及び／又は、長さ寸法、及び／又は、配設密度を相違するように設定して全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成され、さらに、上記気泡発生膜部の表て面には、親水性付与剤のコート層が形成されている。
また、曝気槽内に空気を供給するホルダーと、該ホルダーに設けられると共に多数の小孔が貫設された気泡発生膜部を有する多孔膜材と、を備え、該多孔膜材は、該気泡発生膜部の各部位毎の該小孔の内径寸法、及び／又は、長さ寸法、及び／又は、配設密度を相違するように設定して全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成され、さらに、上記気泡発生膜部の表て面には、ブラスト処理、プラズマ処理、化学処理、コロナ処理、オゾン処理の中から選ばれる少なくとも１種類の処理にて、親水性が付与されている。 In addition, an air diffuser according to the present invention includes a holder for supplying air into the aeration tank, and a porous membrane material provided in the holder and having a bubble generating membrane portion through which a large number of small holes are provided. In the porous membrane material, the inner diameter dimension and / or the length dimension and / or the arrangement density of the small holes for each part of the bubble generating film part are set to be different from each other. It is configured to generate uniform fine bubbles, and a coating layer of a hydrophilicity-imparting agent is formed on the surface of the bubble generating film portion.
A holder for supplying air into the aeration tank; and a porous membrane material provided in the holder and having a bubble generating membrane portion through which a large number of small holes are penetrated. It is configured to generate uniform fine bubbles over the entire surface by setting the inner diameter dimension and / or length dimension and / or arrangement density of the small holes for each part of the generation film part to be different. Furthermore, hydrophilicity is imparted to the surface of the bubble generation film portion by at least one kind of treatment selected from blast treatment, plasma treatment, chemical treatment, corona treatment, and ozone treatment. .

本発明は、次のような著大な効果を奏する。
本発明に係る多孔膜材及び散気装置によれば、親水性のコート層にて親水性を付与したり、ブラスト処理、プラズマ処理、化学処理、コロナ処理、オゾン処理の中から選ばれる少なくとも１種類の処理にて多孔膜材の基材の表面を改質することによって親水性を付与する構成であるので、（水中で高い疎水傾向を示すゴム等の弾性体製の多孔膜材の基材を使用しつつも、）気泡発生膜部の表て面から気泡をすぐに離脱させることができ、微細な気泡を発生させ得る。
また、気泡発生膜部の各部位毎の小孔の内径寸法，長さ寸法，配設密度が適切に設定されているので、親水性付与との相乗効果により、発生させる気泡を一層均一微細なものにできる。
その結果、従来と比較して下水中への気泡分散効率が大幅に向上し、短い装置稼働時間で従来と同等の気泡分散能力を達成すると共に、ランニングコストを低減できる。
また、気泡発生膜部は、弾性体製なので、散気していない状態では、弾性体の伸縮性により小孔を閉じて、目詰まりを防ぐことができる。 The present invention has the following remarkable effects.
According to the porous membrane material and the air diffuser according to the present invention, at least one selected from hydrophilic treatment with a hydrophilic coating layer, blast treatment, plasma treatment, chemical treatment, corona treatment, and ozone treatment. Since the hydrophilicity is imparted by modifying the surface of the base material of the porous membrane material by various types of treatment (the base material of the porous membrane material made of an elastic material such as rubber showing a high hydrophobic tendency in water) ), The bubbles can be immediately released from the surface of the bubble generation film portion, and fine bubbles can be generated.
Moreover, since the inner diameter dimension, length dimension, and arrangement density of the small holes for each part of the bubble generating membrane part are appropriately set, the generated bubbles are made more uniform and fine due to the synergistic effect with hydrophilicity. Can be a thing.
As a result, the efficiency of bubble dispersion into sewage is significantly improved compared to the conventional case, and the bubble dispersion ability equivalent to the conventional one can be achieved in a short apparatus operating time, and the running cost can be reduced.
In addition, since the bubble generating film part is made of an elastic body, the clogging can be prevented by closing the small hole due to the elasticity of the elastic body in a state where no air is diffused.

以下、実施の形態を示す図面に基づき本発明を詳説する。
図１，図２及び図３（Ａ）に於て、本発明の第１の実施の形態に係る散気装置は、曝気槽６内に空気を供給するホルダー４と、ホルダー４に設けられると共に多数の小孔２が貫設された気泡発生膜部３を有する多孔膜材１と、を備えている。
多孔膜材１は、ゴム等の弾性体製である。
弾性体製（ゴム製）の気泡発生膜部３は、矩形に形成されている。これは、多孔膜材１を多数個配設する場合に、隣り合う気泡発生膜部３，３間に生じる不要なスペースを小さくするためである。
気泡発生膜部３の多数の小孔２は、気泡発生膜部３の中央を中心とする同心円状に等ピッチで配設されている。気泡発生膜部３が空気の圧力によって膨張していない状態───未加圧状態（未散気状態）───では、多数の小孔２は開口しておらず、平面視線状に閉じている（図示省略）。そして、空気の圧力で膨張すると、開口し散気が行なわれるようになっている。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings illustrating embodiments.
In FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 (A), the air diffuser according to the first embodiment of the present invention is provided on the holder 4 for supplying air into the aeration tank 6, and on the holder 4. And a porous membrane material 1 having a bubble generating membrane portion 3 through which a large number of small holes 2 are provided.
The porous membrane material 1 is made of an elastic body such as rubber.
The bubble generation film portion 3 made of an elastic body (made of rubber) is formed in a rectangular shape. This is to reduce unnecessary space generated between the adjacent bubble generation film portions 3 and 3 when a large number of porous film materials 1 are arranged.
A large number of small holes 2 in the bubble generating film unit 3 are arranged at equal pitches in a concentric manner centering on the center of the bubble generating film unit 3. In the state where the bubble generating film part 3 is not expanded by the pressure of the air --- unpressurized state (non-air diffused state) ---- the numerous small holes 2 are not opened and closed in a line in plan view. (Not shown). And if it expand | swells with the pressure of air, it will open and aeration will be performed.

第１実施形態では、気泡発生膜部３の各部位毎の小孔２の（ｉ）内径寸法、（ii）長さ寸法、 (iii)配設密度のうち一つ以上を相違するように設定して、全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成されている。
具体的に説明すると、（ｉ）の小孔２の内径寸法を相違させる場合とは、気泡発生膜部３の４個のコーナー部７に配設される小孔２の貫通寸法を、中央部８に配設される小孔２の貫通寸法より大きく設定する場合である（図示省略）。ここで、貫通寸法とは、多孔膜材１の気泡発生膜部３を形成する弾性体（ゴム）製の基材27に穿孔具28（製法の一例を示した図６，７参照）を貫通させて小孔２を形成する際（貫通時）の小孔２の横断面積である。つまり、コーナー部７の小孔２は中央部８の小孔２より横断面積の大きい先鋭突起29にて貫通形成されている。これにより、多孔膜材１（気泡発生膜部３）がホルダー４に供給される空気の圧力で膨張した状態───通常使用加圧状態（散気状態）───に於て、コーナー部７の小孔２の膨張開口横断面積と、中央部８の小孔２の膨張開口横断面積とが、略同一になるように設定し、全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成する。 In the first embodiment, one or more of (i) inner diameter dimension, (ii) length dimension, and (iii) arrangement density of the small holes 2 for each part of the bubble generating film portion 3 are set to be different. Thus, uniform fine bubbles are generated on the entire surface.
More specifically, the case (i) where the inner diameter dimensions of the small holes 2 are made different from each other means that the through dimensions of the small holes 2 arranged in the four corner portions 7 of the bubble generating film portion 3 are the center portion. This is a case where it is set to be larger than the penetration dimension of the small hole 2 disposed at 8 (not shown). Here, the penetrating dimension refers to penetrating tool 28 (see FIGS. 6 and 7 showing an example of the manufacturing method) through base material 27 made of an elastic body (rubber) that forms bubble generating film portion 3 of porous membrane material 1. This is the cross-sectional area of the small hole 2 when the small hole 2 is formed (when penetrating). That is, the small hole 2 in the corner portion 7 is formed through the sharp protrusion 29 having a larger cross-sectional area than the small hole 2 in the central portion 8. As a result, in the state where the porous membrane material 1 (bubble generating membrane portion 3) is expanded by the pressure of the air supplied to the holder 4, in the normal use pressure state (aeration state), the corner portion The expansion opening cross-sectional area of the small hole 2 of 7 and the expansion opening cross-sectional area of the small hole 2 of the central portion 8 are set to be substantially the same so that uniform fine bubbles are generated over the entire surface.

また、（ii）の小孔２の長さ寸法を相違させる場合とは、気泡発生膜部３の４個のコーナー部７の厚さ寸法を、中央部８の厚さ寸法より小さく設定することによって、気泡発生膜部３の厚さ寸法に対応して小孔２の長さ寸法を変化させる場合である。これにより、通常使用加圧状態（散気状態）に於て、コーナー部７の小孔２の膨張開口横断面積と、中央部８の小孔２の膨張開口横断面積とが、略同一になるように設定し、全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成する。
第１実施形態では、気泡発生膜部３の厚さ寸法は、中央部８とコーナー部７の途中部位から、コーナー部７へ向かって漸減するように形成されている。言い換えれば、気泡発生膜部３の下面は、その途中部位からコーナー部７に向かって、上傾状に形成されている。この形状により、コーナー部７を中央部８より弾性変形（面的膨張）し易くしている。 Further, in (ii), when the length dimension of the small hole 2 is made different, the thickness dimension of the four corner parts 7 of the bubble generating film part 3 is set smaller than the thickness dimension of the central part 8. This is a case where the length dimension of the small hole 2 is changed corresponding to the thickness dimension of the bubble generating film portion 3. Thereby, in the normal use pressurization state (aeration state), the expansion opening cross-sectional area of the small hole 2 in the corner portion 7 and the expansion opening cross-sectional area of the small hole 2 in the central portion 8 are substantially the same. And so that uniform fine bubbles are generated over the entire surface.
In the first embodiment, the thickness dimension of the bubble generating film part 3 is formed so as to gradually decrease from the middle part of the central part 8 and the corner part 7 toward the corner part 7. In other words, the lower surface of the bubble generating film part 3 is formed in an upwardly inclined shape from the middle part toward the corner part 7. With this shape, the corner portion 7 is more easily elastically deformed (planar expansion) than the central portion 8.

また、 (iii)の小孔２の配設密度を相違させる場合とは、気泡発生膜部３の４個のコーナー部７の一定面積当たりに貫設される小孔２の個数を、中央部８の一定面積当たりに貫設される小孔２の個数より多くなるように設定する場合である（図示省略）。これにより、通常使用加圧状態（散気状態）に於て、コーナー部７の一定面積当たりの小孔２の膨張開口横断面積の合計値と、中央部８の一定面積当たりの小孔２の膨張開口横断面積の合計値とが、略同一になるように設定し、全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成する。   Further, in the case of (iii) when the arrangement density of the small holes 2 is made different, the number of the small holes 2 penetrating per certain area of the four corner portions 7 of the bubble generating film portion 3 is set to the central portion. This is a case where the number is set to be larger than the number of small holes 2 penetrating per certain area (not shown). Thereby, in the normal use pressure state (aeration state), the total value of the expansion opening cross-sectional area of the small hole 2 per fixed area of the corner portion 7 and the small hole 2 per fixed area of the central portion 8 The total value of the expansion opening cross-sectional areas is set to be substantially the same, and uniform fine bubbles are generated over the entire surface.

ここで、第１実施形態の気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａには、親水性付与剤のコート層36が形成されている。このコート層36は、基材27の表面に、親水性付与剤を塗布や転写等にて被膜化することによって形成されている。親水性付与剤（界面活性剤）としては、水のＳＰ値（溶解度パラメーター：23.4）と近いＳＰ値を有するものが好ましく、ＳＰ値が９以上、特にはＳＰ値が12以上のものがより好ましい。具体的には、ポリ塩化ビニル（ＳＰ値： 9.7）、ポリビニルアルコール（ＳＰ値：12.6）、ポリアクリロニトリル（ＳＰ値13.6）が挙げられる。中でも親水性付与と膜材へのダメージが少ないという点で、ポリビニルアルコールが好適である。コート層36は、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａ全体に渡って形成されている。   Here, a coating layer 36 of a hydrophilicity-imparting agent is formed on the front surface 3a of the bubble generating film part 3 of the first embodiment. The coat layer 36 is formed on the surface of the base material 27 by coating a hydrophilicity-imparting agent with a coating or transfer. As the hydrophilicity imparting agent (surfactant), those having an SP value close to the SP value of water (solubility parameter: 23.4) are preferable, and those having an SP value of 9 or more, particularly 12 or more are more preferable. . Specific examples include polyvinyl chloride (SP value: 9.7), polyvinyl alcohol (SP value: 12.6), and polyacrylonitrile (SP value 13.6). Among them, polyvinyl alcohol is preferable in terms of imparting hydrophilicity and less damage to the film material. The coat layer 36 is formed over the entire surface 3 a of the bubble generation film portion 3.

気泡発生膜部３の周縁には、小孔２以外からの空気漏れを防ぐシール部９が一体状に設けられており、後述の支持部材10の上面・外周面・下面に接触するように取り付けられている。このシール部９は、上部17と周壁部18と下部19とから成る断面略コの字状に形成されている。   A seal portion 9 for preventing air leakage from other than the small holes 2 is integrally provided on the periphery of the bubble generating film portion 3 and is attached so as to be in contact with the upper surface, outer peripheral surface, and lower surface of the support member 10 described later. It has been. The seal portion 9 is formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section including an upper portion 17, a peripheral wall portion 18, and a lower portion 19.

ホルダー４は、その周縁部に上方突出状の段部11を有し、平面視矩形のホルダー４の底部12の中央には、給気口５が貫設されている。また、ホルダー４の下方には、給気管13が給気口５へ繋がるように配設され、給気口５は、気泡発生膜部３の中央の下方に配設されている。
ホルダー４の段部11の上方には、支持部材10が設置されている。支持部材10は、支持部材10の周縁部を形成する平面視矩形環状の枠部10ｂと、枠部10ｂの上部内周面に一体状に設けられる板面部10ａとを、有している。
板面部10ａの中央には、ホルダー４からの空気を多孔膜材１側へ送るための空気噴出孔33が貫設されている。未加圧状態（未散気状態）の場合、板面部10ａは、上面にて多孔膜材１（気泡発生膜部３）を接触支持する。また、通常使用加圧状態（散気状態）の場合、板面部10ａの上面と多孔膜材１（気泡発生膜部３）との間に、空気噴出孔33から多孔膜材１側へ送られる空気が広がり、さらにその空気は、小孔２から曝気槽６内へ送り出されるようになっている。 The holder 4 has an upward projecting stepped portion 11 at the peripheral edge thereof, and an air supply port 5 is formed through the center of the bottom 12 of the holder 4 that is rectangular in plan view. Further, below the holder 4, an air supply pipe 13 is disposed so as to be connected to the air supply port 5, and the air supply port 5 is disposed below the center of the bubble generation film unit 3.
A support member 10 is installed above the step portion 11 of the holder 4. The support member 10 has a rectangular ring-shaped frame portion 10b that forms a peripheral edge portion of the support member 10, and a plate surface portion 10a that is integrally provided on the upper inner peripheral surface of the frame portion 10b.
In the center of the plate surface portion 10a, an air ejection hole 33 for sending air from the holder 4 to the porous membrane material 1 side is provided. In the non-pressurized state (non-air diffused state), the plate surface portion 10a contacts and supports the porous membrane material 1 (bubble generating film portion 3) on the upper surface. Further, in the normal use pressure state (aeration state), the air is blown from the air ejection hole 33 to the porous membrane material 1 side between the upper surface of the plate surface portion 10a and the porous membrane material 1 (bubble generating membrane portion 3). The air spreads, and the air is sent out from the small hole 2 into the aeration tank 6.

また、支持部材10に被装された多孔膜材１の上方から、額縁部材16が取り付けられている。額縁部材16は、平面視環状に形成され、額縁部材16には、多孔膜材１の小孔２から曝気槽６内に微小気泡を送ることができるようにするための孔部25が貫設されている。
額縁部材16の上面は、締め付けボルトとナットでホルダー４の段部11に取り付けられた倒立Ｌ字状の押え金具23によって、ホルダー４側（下方）へ押圧されている。つまり、額縁部材16と支持部材10との間に多孔膜材１のシール部９の上部17を押圧保持するようになっている。そして、シール部９の下部19は、支持部材10と段部11との間に押圧保持されるようになっている。 Further, a frame member 16 is attached from above the porous membrane material 1 mounted on the support member 10. The frame member 16 is formed in an annular shape in plan view, and the frame member 16 is provided with a hole 25 for allowing microbubbles to be fed into the aeration tank 6 from the small hole 2 of the porous membrane material 1. Has been.
The upper surface of the frame member 16 is pressed to the holder 4 side (downward) by an inverted L-shaped presser fitting 23 attached to the step portion 11 of the holder 4 with fastening bolts and nuts. That is, the upper portion 17 of the seal portion 9 of the porous membrane material 1 is pressed and held between the frame member 16 and the support member 10. The lower portion 19 of the seal portion 9 is pressed and held between the support member 10 and the step portion 11.

次に、図４〜図７に基づき、第１実施形態に係る多孔膜材１の形成方法を説明する。
まず、図４に示すように、弾性体製（ゴム製）の基材27のうち気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａに対応する領域全体に、ポリビニルアルコール等の（前述の）親水性付与剤を塗布や転写等にて被膜化してコート層36を形成する。
次に、図５に示すように、基材27のうちコート層36が表面に形成された部分（気泡発生膜部３に対応する部分）を、載置台26の上に置く。なお、基材27の気泡発生膜部３に対応する部分は、予めシート状で矩形に形成されており、その４個のコーナー部の厚さ寸法は、中央部の厚さ寸法より小さく設定されている。
そして、基材27の上方には、一面に多数の先鋭突起29を等間隔に有する穿孔具28が、配置される。 Next, based on FIGS. 4-7, the formation method of the porous membrane material 1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment is demonstrated.
First, as shown in FIG. 4, imparting hydrophilicity (as described above) such as polyvinyl alcohol to the entire region corresponding to the surface 3 a of the bubble generating film portion 3 of the elastic material (rubber) base material 27. The coating layer 36 is formed by coating the agent by coating or transferring.
Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the portion of the base material 27 on which the coat layer 36 is formed (the portion corresponding to the bubble generating film portion 3) is placed on the mounting table 26. In addition, the part corresponding to the bubble generating film part 3 of the base material 27 is formed in a sheet-like rectangular shape in advance, and the thickness dimension of the four corner parts is set smaller than the thickness dimension of the central part. ing.
A punching tool 28 having a number of sharp protrusions 29 on one surface at equal intervals is disposed above the base material 27.

次に、図６に示すように、穿孔具28を下方に移動させ、先鋭突起29を、コート層36を表面に有する基材27に押圧し、貫通させる。この時、基材27を貫通した先鋭突起29の先端は、載置台26の上面に形成されている凹窪部30内に挿入されるため、先鋭突起29が載置台26の上面に当接して破損することはない。
次に、図７に示すように、穿孔具28を上方へ移動させ、基材27から先鋭突起29を引き抜くと、コート層36を表面に有する基材27には多数の小孔２が形成されており、気泡発生膜部３が完成する。 Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the punching tool 28 is moved downward, and the sharp protrusion 29 is pressed against the base material 27 having the coat layer 36 on the surface to penetrate. At this time, since the tip of the sharp projection 29 penetrating the base material 27 is inserted into the recessed portion 30 formed on the top surface of the mounting table 26, the sharp projection 29 contacts the top surface of the mounting table 26. There is no damage.
Next, as shown in FIG. 7, when the punch 28 is moved upward and the sharp protrusion 29 is pulled out from the base material 27, a large number of small holes 2 are formed in the base material 27 having the coat layer 36 on the surface. Thus, the bubble generation film part 3 is completed.

なお、図２，図３及び図７に於て、気泡発生膜部３が空気の圧力によって膨張していない状態───未加圧状態（未散気状態）───では、気泡発生膜部３に形成される小孔２は、ゴムの伸縮性により実際は閉じているが、判り易くするために僅かに開口しているように記載している。   2, 3, and 7, in the state where the bubble generation film portion 3 is not expanded by the pressure of air --- the non-pressurized state (non-aeration state) ---- The small holes 2 formed in 3 are actually closed due to the elasticity of rubber, but are described as being slightly opened for easy understanding.

次に、図８、及び、（上述の第１実施形態と共通の）図３（Ａ）に於て、本発明の第２の実施形態を示す。
第２実施形態の多孔膜材１は、多数の小孔２が貫設された弾性体製（ゴム製）の気泡発生膜部３を有し、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａには、プラズマ処理にて、親水性が付与されている。つまり、第１実施形態の親水性付与剤にて親水性を付与する代わりに、プラズマ処理にて弾性体製（ゴム製）の基材27の表面を改質し、親水性を付与している。
このプラズマ処理について詳しく述べると、プラズマ処理とは、基材27に対して、プラズマ表面処理や、プラズマ重合や、プラズマグラフト重合を行うものである。 Next, FIG. 8 and FIG. 3A (common to the first embodiment described above) show a second embodiment of the present invention.
The porous membrane material 1 of the second embodiment has a bubble generating film portion 3 made of an elastic body (made of rubber) through which a large number of small holes 2 are penetrated, and on the surface 3 a of the bubble generating film portion 3. The hydrophilicity is imparted by the plasma treatment. That is, instead of imparting hydrophilicity with the hydrophilicity imparting agent of the first embodiment, the surface of the elastic material (rubber) substrate 27 is modified by plasma treatment to impart hydrophilicity. .
The plasma treatment will be described in detail. The plasma treatment is performed on the base material 27 by plasma surface treatment, plasma polymerization, or plasma graft polymerization.

プラズマ表面処理は、図８に示すように、互いに平行に配設された２つの電極板40, 40のうち下側の電極板40に基材27を置き、図示省略の高周波電源によって電極板40, 40間に電圧をかけてプラズマ雰囲気を作り出し、このプラズマ雰囲気下にＡｒ，Ｎ2 ，Ｏ2 などの非重合性ガスを供給して処理を行う。なお、図８の41は、表面の改質領域を示す。
また、プラズマ重合は、プラズマ表面処理で用いた非重合性ガスに代えて重合性モノマーガスを用い、基材27の表面を高分子薄膜でコーティングする。
また、プラズマグラフト重合の場合には、機能性モノマーのグラフト重合によってカルボキシル基のような官能基を基材27の表面に高密度で形成する。 As shown in FIG. 8, the plasma surface treatment is performed by placing a base material 27 on the lower electrode plate 40 of two electrode plates 40, 40 arranged in parallel with each other, and using a high frequency power supply (not shown) to form the electrode plate 40. , 40 to create a plasma atmosphere, and supply a non-polymerizable gas such as Ar, N 2 , O 2 to the plasma atmosphere. In addition, 41 of FIG. 8 shows the surface modification area | region.
In the plasma polymerization, a polymerizable monomer gas is used instead of the non-polymerizable gas used in the plasma surface treatment, and the surface of the base material 27 is coated with a polymer thin film.
In the case of plasma graft polymerization, functional groups such as carboxyl groups are formed at a high density on the surface of the substrate 27 by graft polymerization of a functional monomer.

上述のプラズマ表面処理，プラズマ重合，プラズマグラフト重合等のプラズマ処理によって、基材27は、表面が粗面化されたり、表面に親水性基が付加されたりして、親水性が付与される。
また、第２実施形態では、第１実施形態と同様、基材27のうち気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａに対応する領域のみに親水性を付与するように、プラズマ処理が行われる。より具体的に説明すると、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａに対応する領域のみに親水性を付与するには、基材27の一方の面をプラスチックフィルムで脱着可能に被覆して、プラズマ処理を行えばよい。 By the plasma treatment such as the above-described plasma surface treatment, plasma polymerization, and plasma graft polymerization, the base material 27 is imparted with hydrophilicity by roughening the surface or adding a hydrophilic group to the surface.
In the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the plasma treatment is performed so as to impart hydrophilicity only to the region of the base material 27 corresponding to the surface 3a of the bubble generating film portion 3. More specifically, in order to impart hydrophilicity only to the region corresponding to the surface 3a of the bubble generating film part 3, one surface of the base material 27 is detachably covered with a plastic film, and the plasma What is necessary is just to process.

他の多孔膜材１の形状や寸法等の構成や配置は、第１実施形態と同様である。即ち、第２実施形態では、第１実施形態と同様にして、プラズマ処理による基材27への親水性付与後に、気泡発生膜部３の多数の小孔２を形成する。また、気泡発生膜部３の各部位毎の小孔２の内径寸法や長さ寸法や配設密度を相違するように設定して全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成されている。
また、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａにプラズマ処理にて親水性が付与された上述の多孔膜材１は、この多孔膜材１と、曝気槽６内に空気を供給するホルダー４と、を備えた第１実施形態と同様の散気装置に於て使用される。 The configuration and arrangement of the shape and dimensions of the other porous membrane material 1 are the same as in the first embodiment. That is, in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, after imparting hydrophilicity to the base material 27 by plasma treatment, a large number of small holes 2 of the bubble generating film portion 3 are formed. Further, the inner diameter dimension, the length dimension, and the arrangement density of the small holes 2 for each part of the bubble generating film part 3 are set to be different so that uniform fine bubbles are generated over the entire surface.
The above-mentioned porous membrane material 1 in which the surface 3a of the bubble generating membrane portion 3 is made hydrophilic by plasma treatment includes the porous membrane material 1 and a holder 4 for supplying air into the aeration tank 6. Are used in the same air diffuser as in the first embodiment.

次に、図３（Ｂ）及び図９に於て、本発明の第３の実施形態を示す。
第３実施形態に係る多孔膜材１は、多数の小孔２が貫設された弾性体製（ゴム製）の気泡発生膜部３を有し、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａには、ブラスト処理にて、親水性が付与されている。つまり、第１実施形態の親水性付与剤にて親水性を付与する代わりに、ブラスト処理にて弾性体製（ゴム製）の基材27の表面を粗面化し、親水性を付与している。 なお、42は、粗面部を示す。
他の多孔膜材１の形状や寸法等の構成や配置は、第１実施形態と同様である。即ち、第３実施形態では、第１実施形態と同様にして、基材27にブラスト処理を行って親水性を付与したもの（図９）に、気泡発生膜部３の多数の小孔２を形成する。また、気泡発生膜部３の各部位毎の小孔２の内径寸法や長さ寸法や配設密度を相違するように設定して全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成されている。
また、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａにブラスト処理にて親水性が付与された上述の多孔膜材１は、この多孔膜材１と、曝気槽６内に空気を供給するホルダー４と、を備えた第１実施形態と同様の散気装置に於て使用される。 Next, FIGS. 3B and 9 show a third embodiment of the present invention.
The porous membrane material 1 according to the third embodiment has an elastic body (rubber) bubble generation film portion 3 in which a large number of small holes 2 are provided. Is imparted with hydrophilicity by blasting. That is, instead of imparting hydrophilicity with the hydrophilicity imparting agent of the first embodiment, the surface of the base material 27 made of an elastic body (rubber) is roughened by blasting to impart hydrophilicity. . Reference numeral 42 denotes a rough surface portion.
The configuration and arrangement of the shape and dimensions of the other porous membrane material 1 are the same as in the first embodiment. That is, in the third embodiment, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, a large number of small holes 2 in the bubble generating film portion 3 are formed on the base material 27 that has been subjected to blasting treatment to impart hydrophilicity (FIG. 9). Form. Further, the inner diameter dimension, the length dimension, and the arrangement density of the small holes 2 for each part of the bubble generating film part 3 are set to be different so that uniform fine bubbles are generated over the entire surface.
The above-mentioned porous membrane material 1 in which the surface 3a of the bubble generating membrane portion 3 is provided with hydrophilicity by blasting includes the porous membrane material 1 and a holder 4 for supplying air into the aeration tank 6. Are used in the same air diffuser as in the first embodiment.

さらに別の実施の形態について説明すると、上述のブラスト処理、プラズマ処理の代わりに、化学処理、コロナ処理又はオゾン処理にて、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａを処理することも好ましい。
つまり、化学処理とは、酸、アルカリ、酸化剤などにより表て面３ａをエッチング、表面変性（親水基の導入）させる処理のことを指す。
コロナ処理、オゾン処理は、プラズマ処理と同じ作用効果をもたらすものである。 In another embodiment, it is also preferable to treat the surface 3a of the bubble generating film part 3 by chemical treatment, corona treatment or ozone treatment instead of the blast treatment or plasma treatment described above.
In other words, the chemical treatment refers to a treatment for etching and surface modification (introduction of a hydrophilic group) on the surface 3a represented by an acid, an alkali, an oxidizing agent, or the like.
Corona treatment and ozone treatment bring about the same effects as plasma treatment.

なお、本発明は、上述の実施の形態に限定されず、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で設計変更可能である。例えば、多孔膜材の材質は、弾性体であればよく、生産性、加工性の点でゴム製が好ましい。具体的なゴム材料としては、公知のものが適用され、ＥＰＤＭ（エチレンプロピレンゴム）、シリコーンゴム、ポリウレタン、クロロプレンゴム、ニトリルゴム、フッ素ゴム、パーフロロエラストマ等が適用される。中でも、耐薬品性の点で、フッ素ゴム、パーフロロエラストマが好ましい。また、強度および耐熱性の点で、ＥＰＤＭが好ましい。   The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the design can be changed without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the material of the porous membrane material may be an elastic body, and rubber is preferable in terms of productivity and workability. As the specific rubber material, known materials are applied, and EPDM (ethylene propylene rubber), silicone rubber, polyurethane, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, fluorine rubber, perfluoroelastomer and the like are applied. Of these, fluororubber and perfluoroelastomer are preferable from the viewpoint of chemical resistance. In addition, EPDM is preferable in terms of strength and heat resistance.

また、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａに親水性を付与するための方法は、親水性付与剤，ブラスト処理，プラズマ処理，化学処理，コロナ処理，オゾン処理のいずれかの方法によるものに限るのではなく、それらの方法を複数組み合わせてもよい。
また、小孔２の一定面積当たりの個数が、中央部８からコーナー部７へ向かって徐々に増加するものであってもよい。 Further, the method for imparting hydrophilicity to the surface 3a of the bubble generating film part 3 may be any one of hydrophilic imparting agent, blast treatment, plasma treatment, chemical treatment, corona treatment, and ozone treatment. The method is not limited, and a plurality of these methods may be combined.
Further, the number of small holes 2 per fixed area may gradually increase from the central portion 8 toward the corner portion 7.

以上のように、本発明に係る多孔膜材は、多数の小孔２が貫設された弾性体製の気泡発生膜部３を有する多孔膜材に於て、気泡発生膜部３の各部位毎の小孔２の内径寸法、及び／又は、長さ寸法、及び／又は、配設密度を相違するように設定して全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成し、さらに、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａには、親水性付与剤のコート層36が形成されているので、多孔膜材１の基材27が、基本的に表面エネルギーが低く水中では高い疎水傾向を示すゴム等の材質であっても、親水性のコート層36によって表面エネルギーを高くして親水性を付与することができる。これにより、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａから気泡をすぐに離脱させることができ、微細な気泡（例えば直径1.0 mm以下の気泡) を発生させ得る。
また、気泡発生膜部３の各部位毎の小孔２の内径寸法，長さ寸法，配設密度が適切に設定されているので、親水性のコート層36との相乗効果により、発生させる気泡が一層均一微細なものにできる。
また、気泡発生膜部３は、弾性体製なので、散気していない状態では、弾性体（ゴム）の伸縮性により小孔２を閉じて、目詰まりを防ぐことができる。 As described above, the porous membrane material according to the present invention is the porous membrane material having the bubble-generating film portion 3 made of an elastic body through which a large number of small holes 2 are provided. The inside diameter dimension and / or length dimension and / or arrangement density of each small hole 2 is set to be different so that uniform fine bubbles are generated over the entire surface. Since the coating layer 36 of the hydrophilicity imparting agent is formed on the front surface 3a of the membrane part 3, the base material 27 of the porous membrane material 1 basically has a low surface energy and shows a high hydrophobic tendency in water. Even in the case of a material such as rubber, hydrophilicity can be imparted by increasing the surface energy by the hydrophilic coating layer 36. As a result, the bubbles can be immediately detached from the surface 3a of the bubble generating film part 3, and fine bubbles (for example, bubbles having a diameter of 1.0 mm or less) can be generated.
Further, since the inner diameter dimension, length dimension, and arrangement density of the small holes 2 for each part of the bubble generating film part 3 are appropriately set, the generated bubbles are generated by a synergistic effect with the hydrophilic coat layer 36. Can be made more uniform and fine.
Moreover, since the bubble generation film part 3 is made of an elastic body, the clogging can be prevented by closing the small hole 2 by the stretchability of the elastic body (rubber) in a state where no air is diffused.

また、多数の小孔２が貫設された弾性体製の気泡発生膜部３を有する多孔膜材に於て、気泡発生膜部３の各部位毎の小孔２の内径寸法、及び／又は、長さ寸法、及び／又は、配設密度を相違するように設定して全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成し、さらに、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａには、ブラスト処理、プラズマ処理、化学処理、コロナ処理、オゾン処理の中から選ばれる少なくとも１種類の処理にて、親水性が付与されているので、多孔膜材１の基材27が、基本的に表面エネルギーが低く水中では高い疎水傾向を示すゴム等の材質であっても、ブラスト処理にて表面積が大きくなるように基材27の表面を改質して親水性を付与することができる。あるいは、プラズマ処理，コロナ処理，又はオゾン処理にて、基材27の表面を粗面化したり表面に親水性基を付加したりして親水性を付与することができる。また、化学処理は表て面３ａを、エッチングしたり、表面変性させることで、親水性を十分に付与できる。これにより、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａから気泡をすぐに離脱させることができ、微細な気泡（例えば直径1.0 mm以下の気泡) を発生させ得る。
また、気泡発生膜部３の各部位毎の小孔２の内径寸法，長さ寸法，配設密度が適切に設定されているので、ブラスト処理（又はプラズマ処理，化学処理，コロナ処理，オゾン処理）との相乗効果により、発生させる気泡が一層均一微細なものにできる。
また、気泡発生膜部３は、弾性体製なので、散気していない状態では、弾性体（ゴム）の伸縮性により小孔２を閉じて、目詰まりを防ぐことができる。 Further, in the porous film material having the bubble generating film part 3 made of an elastic body through which a large number of small holes 2 are penetrated, the inner diameter dimension of the small hole 2 for each part of the bubble generating film part 3 and / or The length dimension and / or the arrangement density are set to be different so that uniform fine bubbles are generated on the entire surface, and the blasting surface 3a of the bubble generating film portion 3 is further blasted. Since hydrophilicity is imparted by at least one treatment selected from treatment, plasma treatment, chemical treatment, corona treatment, and ozone treatment, the base material 27 of the porous membrane material 1 basically has surface energy. Even if it is a material such as rubber having a low tendency to be highly hydrophobic in water, the surface of the base material 27 can be modified to impart hydrophilicity so that the surface area is increased by blasting. Alternatively, hydrophilicity can be imparted by roughening the surface of the substrate 27 or adding a hydrophilic group to the surface by plasma treatment, corona treatment, or ozone treatment. In addition, the chemical treatment can sufficiently impart hydrophilicity by etching or surface modification of the surface 3a. As a result, the bubbles can be immediately detached from the surface 3a of the bubble generating film part 3, and fine bubbles (for example, bubbles having a diameter of 1.0 mm or less) can be generated.
Moreover, since the inner diameter dimension, length dimension, and arrangement density of the small holes 2 for each part of the bubble generating film part 3 are appropriately set, blasting (or plasma processing, chemical processing, corona processing, ozone processing) ), The generated bubbles can be made more uniform and fine.
Moreover, since the bubble generation film part 3 is made of an elastic body, the clogging can be prevented by closing the small hole 2 by the stretchability of the elastic body (rubber) in a state where no air is diffused.

また、本発明に係る散気装置は、曝気槽６内に空気を供給するホルダー４と、ホルダー４に設けられると共に多数の小孔２が貫設された気泡発生膜部３を有する多孔膜材１と、を備え、多孔膜材１は、気泡発生膜部３の各部位毎の小孔２の内径寸法、及び／又は、長さ寸法、及び／又は、配設密度を相違するように設定して全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成され、さらに、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａには、親水性付与剤のコート層36が形成されているので、多孔膜材１の基材27が、基本的に表面エネルギーが低く水中では高い疎水傾向を示すゴム等の材質であっても、親水性のコート層36によって表面エネルギーを高くして親水性を付与することができる。これにより、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａから気泡をすぐに離脱させることができ、微細な気泡（例えば直径1.0 mm以下の気泡) を発生させ得る。   In addition, the diffuser according to the present invention is a porous membrane material having a holder 4 for supplying air into the aeration tank 6 and a bubble generating membrane portion 3 provided in the holder 4 and having a large number of small holes 2 penetrating therethrough. 1, and the porous membrane material 1 is set so that the inner diameter dimension and / or length dimension and / or arrangement density of the small holes 2 for each part of the bubble generating film portion 3 are different. Further, since the uniform fine bubbles are generated over the entire surface, and the coating layer 36 of the hydrophilicity imparting agent is formed on the front surface 3a of the bubble generating film portion 3, the porous film material 1 Even if the substrate 27 is made of a material such as rubber, which basically has a low surface energy and a high hydrophobic tendency in water, the hydrophilic coating layer 36 can increase the surface energy to impart hydrophilicity. . As a result, the bubbles can be immediately detached from the surface 3a of the bubble generating film part 3, and fine bubbles (for example, bubbles having a diameter of 1.0 mm or less) can be generated.

また、気泡発生膜部３の各部位毎の小孔２の内径寸法，長さ寸法，配設密度が適切に設定されているので、親水性のコート層36との相乗効果により、発生させる気泡が一層均一微細なものにできる。さらに、親水性の付与は、気泡発生膜部３の片面のみ（表て面３ａのみ）に行われているので、多孔質セラミックのような親水性材料にて多孔膜材を形成する場合と比較して、装置内部側への水の浸入を防ぐことができる。
その結果、従来と比較して下水中への気泡分散効率が大幅に向上し、短い装置稼働時間で従来と同等の気泡分散能力を達成すると共に、ランニングコストを低減できる。
また、気泡発生膜部３は、弾性体製なので、散気していない状態では、弾性体（ゴム）の伸縮性により小孔２を閉じて、目詰まりを防ぐことができる。 Further, since the inner diameter dimension, length dimension, and arrangement density of the small holes 2 for each part of the bubble generating film part 3 are appropriately set, the generated bubbles are generated by a synergistic effect with the hydrophilic coat layer 36. Can be made more uniform and fine. Furthermore, since the imparting of hydrophilicity is performed only on one side of the bubble generation film part 3 (only the surface 3a), it is compared with the case where the porous film material is formed of a hydrophilic material such as porous ceramic. Thus, it is possible to prevent water from entering the inside of the apparatus.
As a result, the efficiency of bubble dispersion into sewage is significantly improved compared to the conventional case, and the bubble dispersion ability equivalent to the conventional one can be achieved in a short apparatus operating time, and the running cost can be reduced.
Moreover, since the bubble generation film part 3 is made of an elastic body, the clogging can be prevented by closing the small hole 2 by the stretchability of the elastic body (rubber) in a state where no air is diffused.

また、曝気槽６内に空気を供給するホルダー４と、ホルダー４に設けられると共に多数の小孔２が貫設された気泡発生膜部３を有する多孔膜材１と、を備え、多孔膜材１は、気泡発生膜部３の各部位毎の小孔２の内径寸法、及び／又は、長さ寸法、及び／又は、配設密度を相違するように設定して全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成され、さらに、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａには、ブラスト処理、プラズマ処理、化学処理、コロナ処理、オゾン処理の中から選ばれる少なくとも１種類の処理にて、親水性が付与されているので、多孔膜材１の基材27が、基本的に表面エネルギーが低く水中では高い疎水傾向を示すゴム等の材質であっても、ブラスト処理にて表面積が大きくなるように基材27の表面を改質して親水性を付与することができる。あるいは、プラズマ処理，コロナ処理，又はオゾン処理にて、基材27の表面を粗面化したり表面に親水性基を付加したりして親水性を付与することができる。また、化学処理は表て面３ａを、エッチングしたり、表面変性させることで、親水性を十分に付与できる。これにより、気泡発生膜部３の表て面３ａから気泡をすぐに離脱させることができ、微細な気泡（例えば直径1.0 mm以下の気泡) を発生させ得る。   The porous membrane material comprises a holder 4 for supplying air into the aeration tank 6 and a porous membrane material 1 provided in the holder 4 and having a bubble generating membrane portion 3 through which a large number of small holes 2 are provided. No. 1 is set so that the inner diameter dimension and / or length dimension and / or arrangement density of the small holes 2 for each part of the bubble generating film part 3 are different, and uniform fine bubbles are formed on the entire surface. Furthermore, the surface 3a of the bubble generation film portion 3 is made hydrophilic by at least one treatment selected from blast treatment, plasma treatment, chemical treatment, corona treatment, and ozone treatment. Therefore, even if the base material 27 of the porous membrane material 1 is basically a material such as rubber having a low surface energy and a high hydrophobic tendency in water, the surface area is increased by blasting. Modifying the surface of the base material 27 to impart hydrophilicity Can do. Alternatively, hydrophilicity can be imparted by roughening the surface of the substrate 27 or adding a hydrophilic group to the surface by plasma treatment, corona treatment, or ozone treatment. In addition, the chemical treatment can sufficiently impart hydrophilicity by etching or surface modification of the surface 3a. As a result, the bubbles can be immediately detached from the surface 3a of the bubble generating film part 3, and fine bubbles (for example, bubbles having a diameter of 1.0 mm or less) can be generated.

また、気泡発生膜部３の各部位毎の小孔２の内径寸法，長さ寸法，配設密度が適切に設定されているので、ブラスト処理（又はプラズマ処理，化学処理，コロナ処理，オゾン処理）との相乗効果により、発生させる気泡が一層均一微細なものにできる。さらに、親水性の付与は、気泡発生膜部３の片面のみ（表て面３ａのみ）に行われているので、多孔質セラミックのような親水性材料にて多孔膜材を形成する場合と比較して、装置内部側への水の浸入を防ぐことができる。
その結果、従来と比較して下水中への気泡分散効率が大幅に向上し、短い装置稼働時間で従来と同等の気泡分散能力を達成すると共に、ランニングコストを低減できる。
また、気泡発生膜部３は、弾性体製なので、散気していない状態では、弾性体（ゴム）の伸縮性により小孔２を閉じて、目詰まりを防ぐことができる。 Moreover, since the inner diameter dimension, length dimension, and arrangement density of the small holes 2 for each part of the bubble generating film part 3 are appropriately set, blasting (or plasma processing, chemical processing, corona processing, ozone processing) ), The generated bubbles can be made more uniform and fine. Furthermore, since the imparting of hydrophilicity is performed only on one side of the bubble generation film part 3 (only the surface 3a), it is compared with the case where the porous film material is formed of a hydrophilic material such as porous ceramic. Thus, it is possible to prevent water from entering the inside of the apparatus.
As a result, the efficiency of bubble dispersion into sewage is significantly improved compared to the conventional case, and the bubble dispersion ability equivalent to the conventional one can be achieved in a short apparatus operating time, and the running cost can be reduced.
Moreover, since the bubble generation film part 3 is made of an elastic body, the clogging can be prevented by closing the small hole 2 by the stretchability of the elastic body (rubber) in a state where no air is diffused.

本発明の第１の実施の形態を示す散気装置の平面図である。It is a top view of the diffuser which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 図１のＢ−Ｂ断面側面図である。It is a BB cross-section side view of FIG. 多孔膜材の要部断面側面図であって、（Ａ）は親水性付与剤若しくはプラズマ処理にて親水性を付与した断面側面図、（Ｂ）はブラスト処理にて親水性を付与した断面側面図である。It is a principal part section side view of a porous membrane material, (A) is a section side view which imparted hydrophilicity with a hydrophilicity imparting agent or plasma processing, and (B) is a section side surface which imparted hydrophilicity with blast processing. FIG. 第１実施形態の親水性付与方法を説明するための断面図である。It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the hydrophilic provision method of 1st Embodiment. 気泡発生膜部の小孔を形成する説明用断面図である。It is sectional drawing for description which forms the small hole of a bubble generation film | membrane part. 気泡発生膜部の小孔を形成する説明用断面図である。It is sectional drawing for description which forms the small hole of a bubble generation film | membrane part. 気泡発生膜部の小孔を形成する説明用断面図である。It is sectional drawing for description which forms the small hole of a bubble generation film | membrane part. 第２実施形態の親水性付与方法を説明するための断面図である。It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the hydrophilic provision method of 2nd Embodiment. 第３実施形態の親水性付与方法を説明するための断面図である。It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the hydrophilic provision method of 3rd Embodiment.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 多孔膜材
２ 小孔
３ 気泡発生膜部
３ａ 表て面
４ ホルダー
６ 曝気槽
36 コート層 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Porous membrane material 2 Small hole 3 Bubble generation film | membrane part 3a Front surface 4 Holder 6 Aeration tank
36 Coat layer

Claims (4)

多数の小孔（２）が貫設された弾性体製の気泡発生膜部（３）を有する多孔膜材に於て、
上記気泡発生膜部（３）の各部位毎の上記小孔（２）の内径寸法、及び／又は、長さ寸法、及び／又は、配設密度を相違するように設定して全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成し、さらに、上記気泡発生膜部（３）の表て面（３ａ）には、親水性付与剤のコート層（36）が形成されていることを特徴とする多孔膜材。 In a porous membrane material having a bubble generating membrane portion (3) made of an elastic body through which a large number of small holes (2) are provided,
Uniform over the entire surface by setting the inner diameter dimension and / or length dimension and / or arrangement density of the small holes (2) for each part of the bubble generating film part (3) to be different. It is configured to generate fine bubbles, and further, a coating layer (36) of a hydrophilicity-imparting agent is formed on the front surface (3a) of the bubble generation film part (3). Porous membrane material. 多数の小孔（２）が貫設された弾性体製の気泡発生膜部（３）を有する多孔膜材に於て、
上記気泡発生膜部（３）の各部位毎の上記小孔（２）の内径寸法、及び／又は、長さ寸法、及び／又は、配設密度を相違するように設定して全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成し、さらに、上記気泡発生膜部（３）の表て面（３ａ）には、ブラスト処理、プラズマ処理、化学処理、コロナ処理、オゾン処理の中から選ばれる少なくとも１種類の処理にて、親水性が付与されていることを特徴とする多孔膜材。 In a porous membrane material having a bubble generating membrane portion (3) made of an elastic body through which a large number of small holes (2) are provided,
Uniform over the entire surface by setting the inner diameter dimension and / or length dimension and / or arrangement density of the small holes (2) for each part of the bubble generating film part (3) to be different. It is configured to generate fine bubbles, and the surface (3a) of the bubble generation film portion (3) is at least selected from blast treatment, plasma treatment, chemical treatment, corona treatment, and ozone treatment. A porous membrane material characterized in that hydrophilicity is imparted by one type of treatment. 曝気槽（６）内に空気を供給するホルダー（４）と、該ホルダー（４）に設けられると共に多数の小孔（２）が貫設された気泡発生膜部（３）を有する多孔膜材（１）と、を備え、
該多孔膜材（１）は、該気泡発生膜部（３）の各部位毎の該小孔（２）の内径寸法、及び／又は、長さ寸法、及び／又は、配設密度を相違するように設定して全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成され、さらに、上記気泡発生膜部（３）の表て面（３ａ）には、親水性付与剤のコート層（36）が形成されていることを特徴とする散気装置。 A porous membrane material having a holder (4) for supplying air into the aeration tank (6), and a bubble generating membrane portion (3) provided in the holder (4) and through which a large number of small holes (2) are provided. (1)
The porous membrane material (1) is different in the inner diameter dimension and / or length dimension and / or arrangement density of the small holes (2) for each part of the bubble generating film part (3). In such a manner, uniform fine bubbles are generated over the entire surface, and a coating layer (36) of a hydrophilicity-imparting agent is formed on the surface (3a) of the bubble generating film part (3). An air diffuser characterized by being formed. 曝気槽（６）内に空気を供給するホルダー（４）と、該ホルダー（４）に設けられると共に多数の小孔（２）が貫設された気泡発生膜部（３）を有する多孔膜材（１）と、を備え、
該多孔膜材（１）は、該気泡発生膜部（３）の各部位毎の該小孔（２）の内径寸法、及び／又は、長さ寸法、及び／又は、配設密度を相違するように設定して全面的に均一微細気泡を発生させるように構成され、さらに、上記気泡発生膜部（３）の表て面（３ａ）には、ブラスト処理、プラズマ処理、化学処理、コロナ処理、オゾン処理の中から選ばれる少なくとも１種類の処理にて、親水性が付与されていることを特徴とする散気装置。 A porous membrane material having a holder (4) for supplying air into the aeration tank (6), and a bubble generating membrane portion (3) provided in the holder (4) and through which a large number of small holes (2) are provided. (1)
The porous membrane material (1) is different in the inner diameter dimension and / or length dimension and / or arrangement density of the small holes (2) for each part of the bubble generating film part (3). In this way, uniform fine bubbles are generated over the entire surface, and the surface (3a) of the bubble generating film part (3) is further subjected to blasting, plasma processing, chemical processing, corona processing. An air diffuser characterized in that hydrophilicity is imparted by at least one treatment selected from ozone treatment.
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JP5270033B1 (en) * 2012-10-18 2013-08-21 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション Air diffuser elastic material and air diffuser provided with the air diffuser elastic material
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CN107585865A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-01-16 安徽华骐环保科技股份有限公司 A kind of new microbubble is oxygenated biological film wire and method for treating water
JP2019037974A (en) * 2017-08-23 2019-03-14 積水化学工業株式会社 Sheet structure, wastewater treatment apparatus having the same, and method for manufacturing sheet structure
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JP2019037974A (en) * 2017-08-23 2019-03-14 積水化学工業株式会社 Sheet structure, wastewater treatment apparatus having the same, and method for manufacturing sheet structure
JP7150521B2 (en) 2017-08-23 2022-10-11 積水化学工業株式会社 SEAT STRUCTURE, WASTE WATER TREATMENT APPARATUS INCLUDING THE SAME, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SEAT STRUCTURE
CN107585865A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-01-16 安徽华骐环保科技股份有限公司 A kind of new microbubble is oxygenated biological film wire and method for treating water

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